live from singapore, this is bbc news. nato leaders agree to ramp up defence spending, following months of pressure from president trump. the uk's technology minister tells the bbc the new spending is needed to defend against chinese and iranian cyber attacks on critical national infrastructure. the bbc reports from inside iran - as new intelligence from the cia indicates iran's nuclear programme has been "severely damaged" by us strikes. i'm lyse doucet in the uranian capital tehran where there is an enormous relief the bombing has stopped. but many worry the ceasefire won't last -- iranian capital.

i am certain janitor worry and in china at a key economic meeting. with the end of trump's tariffs, a 90 day pause, they are concerned and looking at alternative markets to secure growth -- i am soon janitor worry. -- suranjana tewari. and, a historic milestone for india as it sends its first astronaut in more than 40 years - to space. welcome to newsday, i'm steve lai. nato leaders have agreed a massive increase in defence spending - under pressure from president trump, and under threat from russia. meeting at the hague, member states agreed to raise defence-related spending to 5% of gdp by 2035 - as the current target for defence is 2% - and mr trump hailed it as a big win for western civilisation.

our europe editor, katya adler has this report from the summit. it's been dubbed the trump summit. three, two, one. that's the picture we want. he got to stay in the dutch royal palace overnight. well, i hope you slept well. it was great. yeah? but this was the photo nato allies wanted - the us president shoulder-to-shoulder with them. they hoped russia's president putin was taking this in. there had been worries iran might overshadow the summit. mr trump did spent a lot of time here defending us bumper-buster bombing, he called it, of key nuclear sites. if you look at hiroshima or nagasaki, you know, that ended a war too. this ended a war in a different way, but it was so devastating. but the new head of nato got the job because he's thought to speak mr trump's

language - flattery. he described him as "daddy" today in the war between israel and iran. daddy has to sometimes use strong language! you have to use strong language@ every once in a while, you have to use a certain word. the fawning and wooing here worked. almost every one of them said, "thank god for the united states." without the united states, we couldn't..." they couldn't really have nato. this no-nato sceptic was won over by the end of the summit. i left here differently. i left here saying that these people really love their countries, it's not a rip-off, and we're here to help them protect their country. thank you very much, everybody. there were clear words of commitment by donald trump to nato right here. that is what the alliance wanted. it really depends on us military support.

but donald trump is famously unpredictable. does a commitment today hold for tomorrow? no-one here knows for sure. mr trump was friendlier here today towards nato wannabe member ukraine. no snide comment about president zelensky's outfit this time, but also no new us aid package, just a pledge to push russia harder to stop the war. and then he was gone, leaving leaders here wondering where to find the cash for defence they'd promised him - not from new taxes, insisted the prime minister. we have a commitment in our manifesto not to raise taxes on working people and we will keep to that commitment. but it is right that i reiterate that the first duty of the prime minister is to keep the country safe and that is a duty i take extremely seriously. donald trump clearly felt loved here in the hague. nato hopes he is now less likely to turn away from europeans and their joint security. katya adler, bbc news, the hague.

the uk has pledged to meet that new nato target to spend 5% of the gdp on national security by 2035. i spoke to the uk's secretary of state for science and technology peter kyle on the deck of the hms prince of wales aircraft carrier here in singapore. he told me the planned increase in defence spending is necessary to counter growing cybersecurity threats from russia, china and iran. in recent weeks we have delivered a strategic defence review which is repurposed in our defensive capabilities facing the future, particularly in the digital ai and drone age. we've also had the spending review which has given a significant uplift to our defensive capabilities, 10% of that uplift will be spent on technology and much of the technology that is emerging around the world is dual use. yes it will be used for civilian economic purposes but this also defensive capabilities in there, too. i just want to ask you where all of the money is going to come from to pay for all of this was a bit is not a small amount of

money if we see how much has been allocated for the spent -- defence spending up until now. for too long uk has -- britain has had a low growth high tax economy and we don't accept that is the only parameter for the only way to run an economy into the future so you also seek written is investing very heavily in innovation. some of these really important technologies that are emerging. we want britain to be at the forefront of developing those technologies and by doing so creating the economic growth that means we can break that vicious cycle of high tax and low growth stop that is the way we can increase spending as a government investment in our public services, investment into, yes, defence, too, without relying always on putting tax up. any point to any uk major military or dual use ai system that the government has funded, developed and delivered in the last few years? it is very obvious when you see the war unfolding in ukraine that technology has played a key role in that. communications technology, drone technology, these are the new facets of the

battlefield. this is not just about offensive capability as you would imagine in a battlefield. bear in mind brittany's victim to the most amount of cyber attacks of any other european country. the three countries who are responsible for it is russia, it is china and it is the rand. -- it is iran. we need to make sure we are developing the very latest digital capability so we can defend ourselves not just from physical threat but we can defend ourselves from cyber threat, too, because they are attacking on critical national infrastructure and we can never allow one of those attacks to be successful. remove the conversation onto using ai in weaponry and the implications that that will have when people are met -- machines are making decisions of who lives and who dies on the battlefield. people should be rushed -- rest assured that there will always be human oversight on the use of ai in our defensive capabilities. that is a event

-- that is an essential facet of how we can harness and use it in our deterrence and

holding - and life is slowly returning to normal in the iranian capital tehran after almost two weeks of israeli bombing raids. our chief international correspondent lyse doucet is being allowed to report in the country, on condition that none of her reports are used on the bbc's persian service. this law from iranian authorities applies to all international media agencies operating in iran. she sent this update from tehran. everyone we meet here expresses enormous relief that the bombing has stopped we also hear their great worry that this truce may not last. but on

the surface it leaves the rhythms of this huge metropolis are starting to return to normal. the traffic is again flowing on the streets, the internet has finally been restored and on the social media apps not banned by the government or through the devices they used to access the internet, iranians are now turning to social media to discuss what has been happening and there has been a cascade of posts with some praising the government for what they've ascribed as their heroic resistance but others protesting against their restrictions, against what the government did or did not do and these kinds of discussions will continue after this defining moment. this is a city, a country which has been profoundly shaken, not just by the ferocity of israeli and american bombs which dropped in their country, some in or near residential areas in the city at the very fact that it happened in and closed the

streets where they live and work. this is a defining moment for iran and they know so well that what happens next will not just be decided here, it will be decided in the region and capital is beyond and most of all in washington. the head of the cia has backed president trump's view that the us strikes on iran's nuclear facilities caused severe damage and will take years to rebuild. john ratcliffe said the agency had new reliable intelligence showing that key iranian nuclear sites had been destroyed. i'm joined now from washington by our north america correspondent jake kwon. jake, president trump is keen to talk up the success of these us strikes. tell us more about that and also the the counter to that. considering that this was the whole reason for israel and america to attack iran, this is the central question, what happened to iran's nuclear

facilities? are they destroyed and if so, how much? and what president trump has asserted since day one that it was obliterated, the destruction was complete and he was now ready to move on, but, we have seen from american media reports, leaked report from the pentagon saying that the destruction was actually quite limited and the deep underground facilities of the enrichment may be completely intact and that the iranians had warning before the americans were going to attack iran so they may have actually removed some of these enriched uranium before the bombing attack which of course that material is the base ingredient for a nuclear bomb so president trump has fully pushed back against this report, calling it fake news and that is the message we've been hearing from the white house, they reasserted that the destruction is quite complete but president trump was acknowledging that, you know, a conclusive answer

to this question may take time at the nato summit today. well, the intelligence was very inconclusive. the intelligences as we don't know, it could have been very severe. that is what the intelligence says. so, i guess that's correct, but i think we can take the we don't know, it was very severe, it was obliteration. jake, president trump going a bit back and forth within that statement itself but tell us about what we can expect then next week? we understand he has also said there will be talks with iran? we're hearing from the white house is that they are now ready to move on to diplomacy now that the clear threat is removed and he was saying that the americans will speak to iranians next week to come up with some sort of agreement, although he said agreement may not be necessary anymore now that the nuclear weapon has been taken out of the equation. we will probably need some kind of a framework to monitor that the iranians

does not restart the nuclear programme. i mean, this is going to require possibly a third party, like the iaea or the un watchdog on atomic issues to send a ground team to monitor the uranium sites to really make sure that there iranians do not start enriching their uranium again. we don't know how many of their machines have been destroyed so that will need to be checked out. really -- we really need to have this in place because if we do not, america may be simply looking down, may be months or even years in the future where they may need to look at another nuclear threat and this is something that was posed to the president and vice president and vice president was saying that if that happens, america will have to bomb iran again. thanks very much, jake, forgetting us across those details. our north america correspondent jake kwon. as we have been saying,

these remarks by president trump come off the back of a leaked pentagon assessment suggesting iran's nuclear programme had probably only been set back by a few months. so - what do we know about the damage? gordon corera reports. since the weekend, we've heard many claims about the damage inflicted on iran's nuclear programme. iran's key nuclear enrichment facilities have been completely and totally obliterated. all three sites sustained extremely severe damage and destruction. he dropped 12 30,000lb bombs on the worst facility and destroyed that programme. and now there's anger from washington about suggestions the damage was not as significant as has been claimed. an assessment from the pentagon's own defence intelligence agency was leaked to the us media, with the claim that some nuclear equipment was still intact and that the programme had only been set back by a few months. america's defence secretary said the leaked assessment was only

preliminary and low confidence, and president trump did not seem to offer much more clarity. well, the intelligence was very inconclusive. the intelligence says we don't know. it could have been very severe. that's what the intelligence says. so, i guess, that's correct, but i think we can take the we don't know, it was very severe. it was obliteration. the site at fordow was the key target and it is too early to be sure what damage has been done here. these new satellite images of the fordow site show the aftermath of both fresh israeli attacks on access routes, as well as the holes where bunker-buster bombs burrowed in on the weekend. now, there is no sign of a collapse though of the whole mountain and the images don't reveal what happened inside and whether the explosions reached the enrichment haul very deep underground. that means other forms of intelligence will be needed - seismic detectors, specialist laser sensors, maybe human spies and

intercepted communications. now, these new images, also from yesterday, from another site, isfahan, showed damage to tunnel entrances, but crucially, even if these sites were obliterated and put out of action, that's not the same as destroying the overall nuclear programme. the big point according to the leaks we've had from us intelligence is that the united states thinks iran has retained highly enriched uranium. that is a much bigger deal than the exact amount of damage done to a particular enrichment plant at fordow. tonight, the cia director issued an unusual statement, saying the severe damage these bombers inflicted meant it would take years to rebuild the facilities, which isn't saying the whole programme will be delayed for years. and working out what iran might do next and where, will now be at the spies' top priority. gordon corera, bbc news. at least eight people have

been killed in a day of anti-government protests across kenya. thousands of kenyans took to the streets to commemorate a year since deadly anti-tax demonstrations. the national human rights commission said the fatalities were all from gunshot wounds and added that over 400 were injured including demonstrators, police and journalists. our deputy africa editor, anne soy, was in central nairobi as police and demonstrators clashed - and sent this report. the kenyan parliament has just down the road that way and these protesters are trying to get to it. it has been barricaded today with razor wire. the government trying to keep them away from government installations. they are here to commemorate one year since this parliament in protest against a controversial finance bill which was later withdrawn and also they are here to commemorate more than 60 people who were killed during the protests last year. they are protesting against

extrajudicial killings and have seen police come out with a show of force, using tear gas, water cannons. we've also had gunshots as they try and disperse the crowds. public service vehicles have not been allowed to come into nairobi today and so many of these people have had to walk long distances to get here. thailand's government is set to make cannabis illegal again, just three years after de-criminalising it. consumption of the drug will soon be restricted to only those with a doctor's prescription. the government approved new measures, in the hope that it will help regulate an industry some describe as out of control. ever since the drug was made legal in 2022, there has been a frenzy of investment and increased demand. thailand has been under increasing pressure to stop a flood of thai marijuana being smuggled into the uk. it's time to cross over to our asia business correspondent suranjana tewari who's live in tianjin, china with all the latest business and market news.

hello and welcome to this special edition of business today presented from tianjin in china, known as the summer davos. for business leaders gathered here in tianjin right now there is one issue that trumps all others, that is tariffs. we are two weeks away from the paws on the tariffs. business leaders are really uncertain about what comes next. trump has promised 90 trade deals in 90 days but in reality we've got just one deal and a whole lot of uncertainty. i've been speaking to the china chief executive of dhl global forwarding and i started by asking her if companies are looking to new markets in order to secure growth. we do definitely see that. we see some new trade agreements which means trade flows change. we

see those organisations want to look at new sourcing and manufacturing options to navigate the tariff scenarios. and what about chinese companies? are they shipping to new markets perhaps in southeast asia? southeast asia is a key trade lane that is developing a lot more. we see a lot more partnership with chinese organisations in the middle east and latin america so those are new markets that have traditionally not been as strong as the europe and the us trade but we see becoming a lot stronger in the last few years. in terms of tariffs, we are approaching the end of the 90 day pause. i mean, what are you looking for most immediately in terms of dhl? so, we've been working with our customers to find solutions during this period and you see different customers adopting different strategies. some have done frontloading so to take advantage of the 90 day window. others have looked for alternative sourcing and manufacturing options where

they could - and they others have a wait approach. what are businesses telling you? are they able to make plans? are they fearful of what is to come and the potentially higher cost? most organisations have lived through tariffs the first time and have already created alternative manufacturing of -- options and everyone has worked out scenarios and solutions so people are pretty optimistic that they are able to manage this period, whatever is about to come. tariffs have affected companies like temu which allows them to ship very small packages without attracting any duties was not how do you see that playing out for your client? this impacts the smaller shippers and those working on e-commerce models and that is where we've seen a lot of uncertainty because while people are trying to find solutions, the technology from a customs perspective to be

able to handle the workload that will come from the number of shipments that is going to be there and the workload that is required and the manpower is still beefing up so we need to see how that plays out but there was a bit of an impact for that kind of shipments slowing down for the period so that they use the period at this time -- used the window at this time so let's see what happens from this period in july. and in other business news, british oil major shell has denied a wall street journal report that negotiations are under way toward a mega-merger with bp. calling it, quote, "market speculation." our north america business correspondent, michelle fleury, has more. shell has denied the talks but that hasn't stopped bp shares from spiking on the rumours of a possible oil megamerger with commentators speculating an entire it makes sense. the move would bolster shell's position against us majors like exxon

mobil and chevron. bp has struggled in recent years going through leadership changes, strategic pivots and underperformance. all of this made the at the perhaps more of an ideal takeover target. there is also a course that pressure from activist investor elliott management. a successful takeover of bp would also allow shell to regain exposure to the us market. remember it sold its shale assets in america's permian basin back in 2021. something to consider, though, bp is a national champion of sorts so will the british government let these two companies combine? after all, it doesn't still need to consider the national need for energy and worry about jobs. or will they decided that since both are british companies, bigger is in fact better? nvidia shares touched a record high, lifting its market value to $3.75 trillion and making it the world's most

valuable company. the company's gains reflect a return by global investors to the so-called ai trade. that investment trend has fuelled massive gains in chip stocks and related technology companies in recent years on optimism about the emerging technology. india has put an astronaut in space for the first time in 41 years and elon musk's rocket venture, spacex, was a big part of that accomplishment. the axiom four mission is piloted by indian astronaut shubhanshu shukla and is expected to dock with the international space station in under ten hours. the team lifted off from nasa's kennedy space centre in cape canaveral, florida, in a mission organised by texas-based startup axiom space in partnership with elon musk's rocket venture spacex. that's all for now -

stay with bbc news. plenty more from the

hello, i'm katie razzall. and i'm ros atkins. this week on the media show, we'll look at how the international media has covered the conflict between israel and iran. and as netflix releases a new documentary about the grenfell tower fire in london, we speak to its director. we'll also talk about the social media platform reddit. it's turning 20, and we're going to learn how its communities moderate themselves and how ai may change that. that's all coming up on the media show. the conflict between israel and iran has been dominating the news this week, and we've been looking at the challenges for journalists who are covering the story. on wednesday, we spoke to shaina oppenheimer from bbc monitoring in tel aviv and to shashank joshi, defence editor at the economist.