. the following is a cnn special report. he is a pope like no other. >> god bless america. >> there are tens of thousands of people lining constitution avenue. >> pope francis is changing the

vatican and challenging tradition. >> i think he really opened a new chapter in the history of the church. >> from the slums of buenos aires, to the seat of st. peter. we retrace his extraordinary journey of those who know him best. >> are you ready? are you ready? >> pope francis, rock star, reformer, the people's pope. ♪ ♪ vatican city, a world unto itself, headquarters of the catholic church and hope bame b for its leader, the pope. after the death of john paul ii in 2005, a surprising candidate

emerged to replace him, cardinal jorge bergoglio from latin america. >> cardinal bergoglio was increasingly spoken of in some circles in rome as being a possible future papal candidate. there are a group of cardinals, not just in latin america, who were looking to him. >> over the last 2,000 years, more than 260 men have occupied the role and countless more have coveted the power of the papacy. but as for cardinal who are say bergogl -- jorge bergoglio, he desperately did not want it. so when joseph ratsinger was elected pope, friends say no one was more relieved than jorge

bergoglio. >> i think what he disliked in the vatican was a certain kind of pomposity, a certain kind of traditionalism. >> bergoglio was free to go home. this is buenos aires, the capital of argentina, a place known for steak, soccer, the tango. this is the place that would shape the man who would become pope francis. the bergoglio family lived here, the flores neighborhood, which looked very different then. >> jorge bergoglio is a lower middle class kid in a lowerer middle class of buenos aires. >> as ythe roads aren't paved a

that stage. they're mostly dust. the roads turn to mud when it rains. these are simple houses, usually one story. >> he was a typical family of migrants from italy. >> reporter: journalist elizabetha mckay has written a book about him called "life and revolution." >> he had a normal childhood hereby would play with friends in the street. he would play football. >> people were very struck by his concern for others. i think that was there from the very beginning. >> in 1950 i started at a school that was called the food industry. i studied chemistry dedicated to the food industry and that's where we met. >> oscar crespo has been close

friends with pope francis since they met in school 65 years ago. >> translator: we were good friends. and the truth was that he was one of the students that stood out most in class. >> very smart but not arrogant. he was very willing to share and to help. >> translator: one of his characteristics of his entire life was humility. >> of course bergoglio's humility did not rule out occasional mischief. >> translator: we had in the first, second and third year a span, teacher who we admired very much. >> you loved the one teacher but he left? >> reporter: but he retired and they named in his place a teacher who was very rigid. >> so rigid that the two wrote a note on the blackboard demanding the return of their former professor. >> translator: and when the new

professor walked in, she didn't like it very much and she called the headmaster. he gave us a stern warning. this is the only stern warning bergoglio had in his whole career. >> by all accounts, he was a pretty typical teen-ager. >> being a teen-ager, he would go and dance tango and participate to parties. >> did he dance well? >> translator: yes, he danced well. and he liked it. he would go dancing every saturday at the parties that the club hosted. and at one dance club, he worked part time as a doorman. >> these are very respectable kind of dances, but just in case there was any trouble, they'd have somebody stand outside. he did that job for a while. he was a kind of a bouncer. >> and like so many teen-age

boys, he developed a crush on a girl. >> translator: he didn't like to let his feelings for the opposite sex arise, but when he was 16 or 17 years old, he met a young lady and he told me that she made his head spin because of the way she was. she was very intelligent, very well educated. >> when we come back, a secret. >> translator: he said, "i'm going to tell you something that i haven't told anyone else." >> and the woman who wanted to keep the future pope from even entering the priesthood. >> i think it came as a big shock to her. plaque psoriasis... ...isn't it time to let the... ...real you shine... ...through? introducing otezla, apremilast. otezla is not an injection, or a cream.

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the air in buenos aires was heavy in anticipation on september 21st, 1953, and 16-year-old jorge bergoglio had big plans. >> translator: he was going to a picnic with friends. >> listen to the moment that changed everything. the pope's nephew, jose bergoglio. >> translator: among that group of friends, there was a girl he had a crush on and he was going to declare his love to her. >> and he was passing by this

church of his neighborhood and he felt the need to go to this church. >> more than just a need. in a radio interview in 2012, then cardinal bergoglio expressed wonder at the force that drew him inside. [ speaking foreign language ] >> translator: and he never went to the picnic. he never declared his love to that girl. that day he declared his love to god. >> his parents expected him to become a doctor. but young bergoglio saw another path to healing, one he confided to his friend, arthur crespo. >> translator: he said, "i'm going to tell you something that i haven't told anyone else.

idea si've decided to dedicate to the priesthood." >> his mother stumbled upon his secret while she was cleaning. >> translator: and she found books in latin, theology, philosophy, the bible. then she grabbed my uncle and said, "jorge, listen to me, how do you expect to get into medical school? this is not medicine." my uncle replied, "yes, mom, this is medicine for the soul." >> medicine for the soul. "he was 18 years old and he came one that answer. >> and she argued against it. it got quite intense for some months but jorge went off to seminary at the age of 20. >> first his parent and then a

seco second obstacle to his calling, his health. >> he had pneumonia and he did nearly die. he was kept alive with oxygen tanks. >> reporter: though that surgery would become a major issue many years later, then the young bergoglio recovered and soon made a big decision, to switch to the jesuit seminary. >> the jesuits are the great missionaries of the catholic church. they began in the 1600s, with a radical plan to reform the church. >> in december 1969 he was ordained and soon named to lead all the jesuits in argentina. quite young for the job but with a mandate for reform. >> the jesuits ignored other older jesuits and they chose

him. many of them said to me we look to him as a kind of -- he was the storm pilot, you know. he was the one who needed to take the tiller in the storm. and it's very interesting how this has been a consistent theme actually throughout his life that, when the church is in crisis, they look to him. >> his first turn at leadership wass are was, as he admitted in a machine interview, troubled. "my style of government as a jesuit at the beginning had many faults." six year later he took on a different role as head of the jesuit college. at the college he lived in this small, simple apartment, looking now much like this did back then. >> >> translator: he is a quiet and

simple man. a sign of a great leader is to be a good listener and he is one of the greatest in that respect. >> father angel rossi was at the school with him. >> translator: he's a deeply spiritual person, a great connoisseur of the soul, isn't he? >> bergoglio taught by example, spending as much time in the community as the classroom. >> translator: this was in the 1980s, 35 years ago. he was the wise man in a poor village, a working class neighborhood. >> daniel lopez was a young boy living in that neighborhood. lives hard but the bergoglios made them feel important, that their lives could matter. >> translator: and here he give us children's day, which is the most beautiful day that we kids had at the time where they would give us hot chocolate, they

would give us toys. the toy was a nice gift that you could take home because sometimes mom and dad couldn't buy anything for us. >> even more important than toys, lopez says bergoglio taught them how to be good people. >> translator: he was, as you'd say, a superhero. he energized you. he also challenged you. he gave you discipline. he helped me to become a good man. >> daniel became the first in his family to attend college, earning a degree in business administration. coming up, the period in the life of pope francis you rarely hear about. >> clearly the new regime in the jesuits want him out of the way. >> exiled. >> he was told not to have contact with the other jesuits, so he was effectively silenced.

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jorge bergoglio was a star as a young priest. he'd been picked to lead all of argentina's jesuits, then moved on to head this jesuit college in buenos aires, where he was revered for his faith and common touch. >> he had ceased to be head of the jesuit order and yet he

continued to have a power over the jesuits in the provence, which was very unusual. a number of the older jesuits resented that. >> priests are not immune to jealousy and petty politics. bergoglio was about to feel the bite. >> the new regime in the jesuits wanted the way. >> far out of the way. they exiled him, sending him 400 miles away from buenos aires. >> translator: he went to cordova to go through a period of reflection, of silence. >> father angel rossi, who has known pope francis for 40 years, used to visit with him in cordova. >> translator: he said, "i never considered it an injustice."

these were the circumstances, it was painful and he did not have it easy. >> journalists interviewed bergoglio about his time in cordova. >> a lot of people talk about it as being in exile, that they took him out of buenos aires and sent him to cordova, with no activity, no role, not even a mass schedule. he lost all authority. >> translator: the pope himself told us that in cordova, he spent time in the shadows, a dark time. >> this was his room. >> translator: he studied, he prayed a lot, he wrote a lot. >> i've read quite a lot of what he wrote this that period, and it's clearly a dark time for him, a wintertime, a time of paring back. >> it would put bergoglio on a

very different path. here he prayed before sunrise, meditated and listened to confessions. >> translator: when we asked pope francis what he read during that time, he said, "i don't know why but during that time i read the history of the popes." we asked if that helped him today and he said, "yes, yes, it helped me a lot." >> bergoglio's exile in cordova led to his realization that humility should drive his service, and that would become his signature trait. >> translator: it was only two years of his life, but i don't have the slightest doubt that it helped him to become an even more humble person, simpler, more dedicated. >> and ready for his next challenge. >> cordova came to an end because the man who became

archbishop on of buenos aires basically said to the vatican, look, i need this guy as my assistant bishop. >> so after nearly two years in exile, jorge bergoglio returns here to buenos aires. but he is a changed man and now comes a second chance at leadership. >> so when he became bishop after cordova, you immediately see in his leadership style that it's much less executive, it's all about walking with people, giving time to people. >> gone was the hard-charging style of days past. in its place, a profound humility that he never lost. >> in 1998 when he became archbishop of buenos aires, he decided not to go live in the residence of the archbishop on, but he decided to live in a

small and very simple rule in decordova. he had the right to have the car and the chauffeur and he said no thank you. >> instead, they could find him on a subway platform or sitting next to him on a bus. even when pope john paul ii made him a cardinal in 2001, bergoglio remained unassuming. when he started to move and become bishop, archbishop on, cardinal, did your friend change or was he the same jorge? >> translator: jorge is the exact same person today that he was at 13. >> really? >> translator: exactly the same. >> with exactly the same stinging sense of humor. bergoglio's nephew jose. >> translator: it is customary to give a light slap on the cheek to each child taking

confirmation and he had been giving a light slap to everyone. when it came to my turn, he gave me a tremendous slap that made my head turn. >> how would you describe him as a man? is he funny? >> yes. he has a special humor. acid humor. >> a little acidic? >> yeah, acidic humor. >> can he take it or can he give it only? >> no, he takes and gives. >> you might not expect this man to be one of the pope's closest friends, but he is. in america we have an expression that's slang where we say "a brother from another mother." >> yeah, that's true. >> is that you and francisco? >> yes. we are brothers. >> they appeared together on a series of archdiocese tv shows. as you got to know him, interfaith dialogue became very

important. that has some critics in the catholic church. but why is it so important for him to be that way? >> because dialogue's the key in order to reach peace, peace in the world, peace in the church. >> do you think you rubbed off on him a little bit, you influenced him how he thinks now? >> undoubtedly and he influenced me. i learned a lot from him. >> what are the big lessons from him to you, do you think? >> what means to be humble. >> next, death threats and danger in the slums of buenos aires. did the threats stop after that? did things calm down? vs. almondk protein show down

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april 2005, the catholic church was in trouble. empty pews and coffers, the shame of sexual abuse by priests and how that abuse was ignored by church leaders, making matters worse. >> a statement now from the

vatican -- pope john paul ii has died. >> the most popular hope in modern history, gone. >> all the cardinals go into the sistine chapel and start what is the most important moment of their careers as cardinals. >> that moment to elect a new pope, but this time something was different. >> remember the conclave's a secret affair. you're not supposed to know who got what. but a cardinal who had taken part in that 2005 conclave later that year published a diary, which gave a very detailed account of the voting and the numbers. >> some say it was no accident the diary came out, to show there was someone over than cardinal ratsinger getting support, cardinal jorge bergoglio. >> and he was deeply alarmed by this and offver lunch on the second day of the conclave, "no, do not vote for me, vote for

joseph ratsinger." >> but why in she knows him well enough that he baptised both of her kid. >> i will respond to something that he said to a little girl when she asked did you want to be pope? he said you have to be crazy, you have to be totally crazy to want to be a pope. >> perhaps cardinal bergoglio didn't want the pomp or didn't feel ready for the papacy. perhaps he simply felt his place was here, leading priests in the work that mattered most to him, ministering to those in need. >> he wanted his priests to be in the hospitals, in the old people's homes, in the shantytow shantytowns, in places of suffering. >> like this, one of the worst slums in buenos aires. in 2009 he sent father carara to

she's slums and he's been here ever since. >> when he asked you to come to the slums what did you think? >> translator: more than 40,000 people lived here so the responsibility of a bigger congregation, i accepted it with joy. >> cardinals bergoglio came here often to be with the people and support the local priest. when one priest received death threats from drug lords, the future pope stepped in literally. >> translator: he went there to walk through the slums, to talk to the residents advice and advice the the priest there so the people would see the archbishop on supported their priests. >> did it make a difference? did thing calm down after that? >> translator: yes. after that there were a few

things but it calmed down. things calmed down. >> in december 2011, cardinal bergoglio turned 75, that's the vatican's mandatory retirement age. so he submitted his resignation and waited for his replacement. >> translator: i'm not giving away any secret when i tell you, i asked him where will you live? he said, well, i'll go live my retirement at the flores house where the bishops live. >> no one could know then that this would be a defining moment in the history of the catholic church. a year passed as bergoglio waited for his chance to retire. but the vatican chose no replacement, a delay that would make all the difference. >> for the first time in 600 years, a pope is retiring. pope benedict xvi. >> stunning news. >> this is something that none of us, none of us have heard before. a pope announces he is resigning.

>> this simply isn't done. it's been almost 600 years since a pope resigned. no one saw this coming, certainly in this country. >> benedict xvi resigned, a move unprecedented in the modern papacy. the scene was now set for the radical change that would come. >> in 2013 all the talk was of vatican dysfunction, how can we put our house in order, sort out the money. >> now he got another chance. was he the reformer the church needed? did bergoglio even want the job? and was he strong enough to lead the church? >> so they sent some people to ask him questions. someone ask him a question, "how is your health?" "how do you feel with your lungs?" >> because of the pneumonia he had and the surgery?

everyone was talking about that. >> yeah, yeah. >> when we come back, the humble priest emerges as father. >> he could be the great uniter. he is somebody everybody respects.

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you're looking at live pictures outside st. peter's square. >> march 2013, st. peter's square. >> the crowd is pretty sizable. they actually just shut off another street. tens of thousands waited and wondered who would be the next leader of the catholic church. >> we can officially say at cnn this is black smoke. >> inside the conclave, votes for jorge bergoglio, just as there had been in 2005. >> in the last conclave he was saying no, no, no, no not me. ratsinger's your guy. so he changed. >> he changed he understood that if he is elected, he must accept because the situation is a very

dangerous situation. >> they need to get this right. it's been the biggest decision this church has made in modern history. once, twice. we have black smoke. that means no pope. >> four times black smoke. then on the fifth vote -- >> seems to look a little lighter than last time. the white smoke that signalled a new pope. >> bianca, bianca, biaca. >> it curtains are open. the cross bearer is coming out. and there he is. jorge mario bergoglio became pope francis.

there he is, our new pope, the catholics' new pope, pope francis. the first pope francis the catholics have ever had, the first pope from south america they've ever had. cheers from catholics around the world, especially back home in argentina where close friends like oscar crespo were overwhelmed. when you saw the smoke and you heard jorge mario and he walked out on to the balcony, what happened in your head, what happened in your heart? >> translator: when the cardinal came out and announced we have a pope and then he started with this weird language -- it was

something that i can't describe. it was an emotion. my friend, the pope. the tears started to fall. it was impossible to stop it. >> when he became pope, when did you hear from him? >> he called me up by phone. hello, bergoglio speaking. and he said here the people caught me and don't leave me to go back to buenos aires, but what can i do? i was elected pope. >> his first decision as pope, choosing the name francis of assisi, a pope who advocated for the poor. the message was clear. a change was coming. >> francisco assisi.

[ speaking foreign language ] [ cheers and applause ] >> the new pope, "the poor one," he embraced the cheers but also the challenge. he would now have to do in the vatican what he did so well in argentina, as a leader but also as a reformer. >> he is not afraid of breaking the traditions of the vatican. he is not afraid to explore new ways. >> the first pope ever to take the name francis then became the first to live in the vatican city guest house rather than the apostolic palace. he explained in an interview "i chose to live in santa marta in room 201 because when i took possession of the papal apartment, inside myself i distinctly heard a "no."

>> the big difference is he sees people. he can't be isolated. he wants to be accessible. >> just weeks after becoming pope on the thursday before easter, holy thursday, there was yet another first. >> he did something he had always done as archbishop on of buenos aires, which was going to a place of pain, as he called it, and in this case it was a prison and he washed the feet of prisoners there, including a woman prisoner, who was also a muslim. and this is something that no pope had ever done before. it was a very, very powerful gesture. >> and it made a powerful statement to the world. this pope is like no other. redefining the catholic church through his unique style and surprising actions. >> he's very aware that when he embraces some guy who's just physically wrecked, that that

guy obviously feels the embrace and the love of god but he's also aware there are all these television cameras. he's very aware of the power of these gestures. he knows he's teaching when he does this and he's touching people's hearts. >> pope francis wants a church that harkens back to his jesuit roots, one that cares for those most in need. in his mission statement pope francis said "i prefer a church with is bruised, hurting and dirty because it has been out on the streets, rather than a church which is unhealthy from being confined and from clinging to its own security." >> there's a steely core there, there's a determination, there's a focus in him which really is quite astonishing. i keep saying to people he's not a loveable teddy bear, he's a tough guy with a vision. and once he decided what god's

will is, bam, he's like a bulldozer and nothing will stop him. >> when we come back, controversy, division. >> i think there's a lot of resistance. >> and the pope's surprising tone on sexuality. >> he has opened up a civil war within the church.

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wherever the pope goes, he's a rock star. he attracts people to him in a really quite remarkable way. >> they are attracted to a rock star who doesn't act like a rock star, who often sounds less like a pope and more like a parish priest. popular with the people and empowered to reform the vatican, including its finances and removing some of the old guard. >> a pope that is doing a big clean-up, we know that we had a

lot of scandals, a lot of very obscure maneuvering in the church, and he's cleaning up. >> cleaning up and speaking out, rebranding the church. but is the hope changing the rules? not really. but he is changing what to focus on and how. addressing homosexuality. family planning. [ speaking foreign language ] >> even expressing compassion for women who have had abortions. "i have decided not notwithstanding anything to the contrary to concede to all

priests for the jubilee year the discretion to absolve of the sin of abortion those who have procured it and who, with contrite heart, have forgiven it." >> of course, of course. it's not an easy life. he devoted all his life for a cause, for the church. >> does he think it has to be that way or that's just the way it is? >> in our book, we analyze the theme celibacy, and he said this is not a changeable dogma. could be in the future celibacy will change. >> you heard right, secelibacy

could change. and if it's no longer required of priests, it would be the biggest change in centuries. this all sounds great to some but not others. >> inside there's a lot of grumbling about this pope so i think there's a lot resistance. a lot of people dislike his style of governance because it brings uncertainty, it's unpredictable. >> it's not just uncertainty that rattles some catholics. it's also the fear that the church could lose its meaning. >> when the church is seen as essentially throwing up its hands and surrendering on some front, what happens is first there's a tremendous burst of excitement. >> ross is a conservative catholic and an op-ed columnist for the "new york times." >> but once that burst of excitement passes, the church has basically removed one reason

why people actually bleaelieve it and go to church. >> orthodoxy without meaning, that without the rules catholics lose identity, purpose. he believes the pope could have a very successful pontificate and sees many positive signs but -- >> at the same time, he has opened up a civil war within the church that had gone underground a bit under the last two popes and civil wars within christianity is a big deal. >> what's the civil war? >> the civil war is between people who think ultimately the church is going to have to evolve with the sexual revolution and people who think the church has what message around issues of sexuality that goes all the way back to the new test ament that can't be changed without changing christianity itself. >> a battle that's playing out in the crucible of american catholicism as the pope arrives for his historic visit.

at the white house, a warm welcome. then at the capitol. >> the pope of the holy see. >> a boisterous and bipartisan response for the first pope ever to address congress. [ cheers and applause ] >> the pope called out americans on immigration. >> we, the people of this continent, are not fearful of foreigners because most of us were once foreigners. >> and seemed to glance at issues like abortion. >> if we want life, let us give life. >> gay marriage. >> how essentially the family

has been to the building of this country. >> and climate change. >> we need a conversation which includes everyone. >> a church that hid from controversy now led by a pope who courts it. >> pope francis isn't changing church teachings, he's expressing it in ways that are fresh and vigorous, surprising, using colloquial language and emphasizing things which perhaps haven't been heard before. >> as he makes his way across america's streets and stages, pope francis is the symbol of change, change in the form of a man, a man of principle and purpose, shaped by where he's from, focused on where he's going and trying to convince a church and a world to accept his prayers.

[ chanting ] >> catholicism is one of the biggest religions in the world. been scandal has been almost inescapable in the last decade. >> he has apologized for sexual abuse by priests in the catholic church. >> people of faith have been on the decline. but i'm heading to michigan where priests are considered cool. >> please welcome to the mound, the father.