tv At This Hour With Kate Bolduan CNN June 21, 2022 8:00am-9:00am PDT
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bol bolduan. the january 6th committee set to reveal new details about the plot to keep president trump in power. new troubling allegations about how police in uvalde failed to stop that massacre. and after more than two years, millions of kids can finally get their covid shots. that's what we're watching "at this hour". . we're also counting down, now just two hours away from what we are told will be new evidence of just how far former president trump was potentially willing to go to keep his grip on power. the fourth hearing from the house select committee is expected to focus on the campaign to pressure state officials and the plot to flip states that voted for joe biden. among today's witnesses, georgia secretary of state brad raffensperger who faced relentless pressure campaign from trump and his aides. adam schiff will lead today's hearing and gave cnn a preview
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of what we can expect to hear. >> we will show evidence of the president's involvement in this scheme, and also show evidence about what his own lawyers came to think about this scheme. and we'll show courageous state officials who stood up and said they wouldn't go along with this plan to call legislatures back into session. >> let's begin with manu raju who is live this morning on capitol hill. so manmanu, walk us through whoe we expecting to hear from today. >> reporter: we expect to hear from four witnesses who will talk about the intense pressure campaign launched by donald trump and his allies to overturn the electoral results, the pressure they withstood re rejecting those efforts. and also the real life consequences, particularly facing a georgia election worker, former georgia election worker who will testify later today about the real threats to
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her personal safety, to her family's safety, because of what she says were lies that were pushed by donald trump, by rudy giuliani, suggesting there was mass fraud in the georgia election, when she said there was none of that. that woman wandrea moss, who will say later today, according to testimony we have obtained that as a result i have been threatened and harassed, one told me be glad it is 2020 and not 1920. others told me i should hang alongside my mom for committing treason. my son received some of my threats. they went after a child, my child. he heard horrible things about his mom just because i did my job. people showed up in my grandmother's home, trying to bust down the door and conduct a citizen's arrest of my mom and me. now, this will come after we hear testimony from three republican officials, election officials, two from georgia, gabe sterling and the secretary of state in georgia brad
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raffensperger. we'll hear from the arizona republican house speaker rusty bowers, all of whom supported donald trump, but all of whom said no to his efforts to try to overturn the election. so we plan to get into more detail about that, and raffensperger, in particular, was told to go find the votes, from donald trump. he said no to that. and we expect to hear about how that played out behind the scenes later today. >> manu, appreciate it, thank you. so a little more on this plot to subsubmit false slates of electors. how is that supposed to work? joining me to walk us through it, cnn senior legal analyst elie honig. we rely on you to break it down because it can be a little convo abs luted and complicated. the people said they had the constitution on their side. explain that argument, are they right? >> so, yes, erica, that was the argument, no, they were not right, however. article two of the constitution tells us each state legislature has the power to decide how that
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state will apportion its electoral votes. however, what it does not say is that after that process has been completed, if the legislature doesn't like the outcome this he can go in and change this. that's what donald trump's people were asking the state legislatures to do. they passed laws saying whoever wins the popular vote in the state gets all the electoral votes, that's that. you can't go in afterwards and say we don't like it, so we're going to change it. this effort to try to pressure state officials to throw over the electoral votes was a coordinated seven-state effort focused on nevada, arizona, new mexico, wisconsin, michigan, pennsylvania and georgia. why did they choose these seven states? they were all swing states. second of all, they all went for joe biden and five of the seven states had republican-controlled legislatures. the pitch seemed to be, we're republicans, you're republicans, do us a solid, throw us the votes. fortunately for our democracy republican state officials in those states were not on board. >> so really important part of this plan, right, was to use these fake electors.
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this was key here. this is going to be a major focus today for the committee. how was this plan going to work? >> so ordinarily the way it is supposed to work is after a state has certified its election outcome, they fill out a fairly routine document. here is the actual certification from the state of georgia, 2020, it says the person we voted for joe biden, he gets all 16 of our electoral votes and here is the signatures of the 16 electors. that form then gets sent in to the national archives. what this fake elector scheme did was essentially take the same form, tweaked the format and said they changed who won to donald trump, and they had a different slate of 16 electors who signed it. now, some of the forms did say we're just submitting this in case the courts ruled donald trump has won, but others did not say that. that's an important difference. >> who are all the key players behind these efforts? >> three key people, john eastman is the lawyer who came up with this whole plan for how they could try to disrupt the electoral count. and steal over certain states. rudy giuliani, we know, was the
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central coordinator for this seven-state plan. this was not seven states acting independently, it ran through rudy. big question, what was donald trump's involvement? we got a hint, adam schiff told dana bash they have evidence tieing donald trump to this fake electors scheme. >> what that actually means, of course what the tie is what everybody wants to know. as you look at all of this, there is understandable outrage from a lot of people. will anyone, can anyone be charged here? >> will anyone we don't know. can anyone, we do know that two very important prosecutors will be watching what happens today, the united states attorney general merrick garland, and fannie willis. this could be evidence of a broader scheme to defraud the united states of a full and fair election. that would have to fall to doj. second of all, submitting these fake elector documents, if the idea was let's trick the government, that's also a federal crime. just the same way as it is a
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crime to lie to the fbi to submit a false document to the treasury department, if you submit a false form, that could be a federal offense. >> we'll be watching for all that. elie, appreciate it. one member of the panel, jamie raskin, says donald trump needs to be held accountable for his actions to overturn the 2020 election results. and he says that accountability can come in two ways. take a listen. >> there needs to be accountability, and accountability can mean two things. one is individual criminal accountability that people paid for their particular crimes, as more than 800 people have already been prosecuted for everything from assaulting a federal officer to interfering with a federal proceeding to seditious conspiracy, which means conspiracy to overthrow and put down the government of the united states. but accountability also means collective accountability. that's the real project that we're engaged in under house resolution 503. telling the truth to the people
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so we can make decisions about how to fortify democratic institutions going forward. >> joining me now cnn chief legal analyst jeffrey toobin and capitol hill reporter melanie zanona. jeffrey, as i listen to that, the only accountability that the committee has control over at this point would be some sort of legislative recommendation to ensure that future elections are not, you know, compromised in any way is that accountability in this case? >> it is a form of accountability. you know, the fact is a lot of the mechanism involving how the final steps of the election are conducted are based on this law that was passed in the late 19th century, following the contested election of 1876, and that act, that election act, is enormously complicated, mysterious,
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ambiguous, in certain respects. it is not mysterious and ambiguous relating to mike pence's role. mike pence had no choice to do what he did. but it is possible that the law could be simplified and clarified, so that even this controversy couldn't take place again. that is a remote possibility, there is theoretically some work being done by the senate and the house to simplify the election act. congress usually finds it much easier to do nothing than do something. that seems to be the direction they're headed. but there is a possibility of some legislative action in reaction to what happened in january. >> you just touched on this, elie did as well, when we talk about what part of the focus is going to be today, it is this complicated plot that involves this centuries old electoral laws. the committee as i understand it, melanie, is really going to rely on these personal stories to cut through. how much new information are we
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expecting to hear this afternoon? >> well, we are expecting the select committee to start filling in the gaps when it comes to just how far trump and his allies were willing to go with this fake electors plot. but to your point, erica, they're really trying to humanize the story it can be really complicated to understand. the second witness panel is going to feature an election worker who was harassed and received death threats for just trying to do her job. and one of the things that the select committee has really tried to do is draw a direct link between trump's actions and all of the violence surrounding january th. we saw that last week as it pertains to mike pence and how his life was in immediate danger because of trump's acts and tweets on january 6th and the whole pressure campaign and i expect to see more of that today when we hear from the witnesses and election officials. >> what we'll also hear today, according to adam schiff telling the l.a. times, the committee will present new information about trump's chief of staff mark meadows and what schiff called the intimate role he
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played in efforts specifically to pressure georgia officials. placing mark meadows at the center of this plot, what does that achieve? >> you know, erica, georgia, to me, has always been the key state here because when you talk about some of the other states, the role of donald trump is less clear. the efforts of intimidation are not as clear. but georgia is a really big problem for the president and his allies. largely because at least from the start because of the phone call to the secretary of state raffensperger because, you know, the president's defense all along has been, look, i was just trying to get the votes counted, i was trying to get the legitimate count established. i thought i won and i just wanted all the votes counted. when you start with that tape recorded phone call and hear the president say, i'm interested in getting 11,780 votes, that's not
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about getting all the votes counted, that's just getting him over the top, that's just about him winning. and that is much more suggestive of an illegal conspiracy than anything else i heard. plus, that is where there is an act of state criminal investigation. led by the district attorney in fulton county, which is atlanta. so i mean, i think people should pay a lot of attention to the georgia evidence because that, to me, is the most legally problematic situation for the president and the people closest to him, including, we'll see what the evidence is, mark meadows. >> we'll be watching that. melanie, you have been aye lot reporting, you've been in contact with the impeachment ten. it is really telling in terpms f where they stand right now and it begs the question of what we're seeing if trump's election
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lies are winning the day. >> yeah, i would say in the republican party as of right now they absolutely are. and it is not just because pro impeachment republicans are getting pushed out of congress, through retirement or being defeated in primaries, the texas gop this weekend is poised to adopt a new policy platform that would falsely claim that joe biden was not legitimately elected president, and also seeing election deniers running in republican primaries and winning in republican primaries in races all around the country, including for positions that would have a hand in overseeing the next election process. so this is a strategy that has worked in republican primaries. the question is whether it will matter in the general election. i think that very much remains to be seen. but the select committee has really tried to sound the alarm bells that this threat to democracy still very much exists, erica. >> melanie zanona, jeffrey toobin, thank you. cnn's special kocoverage of today's insurrection hearing will begin at noon eastern.
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stay with us for that. the head of texas public safety delivering a scathing rebuke of the police response to the massacre at robb elementary school in uvalde. details in a live report. that's next. hy. what drives you? what do you want to leave behind? that's your why. it's your purpose,e, and we wilill work with you every step of the way to achieve it.
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and antithetical to everything we learned over the last two decades since the columbine massacre. three minutes after the subject entered the west building, there was sufficient number of armed officers wearing body armor, iso isolate, distract and neutralize the subject. the only thing stopping the hallway of dedicated officer from entering room 111 and 112 was the on scene commander who decided to place the lives of officers before the lives of the children. the officers had weapons, the children had none. the officers had body armor, the children had none. the officers had training, the subject had none. one hour, 14 minutes and 8 seconds, that's how long the children waited and the teachers waited in rooms 111 to be
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rescued. >> cnn's rosa flores is live in uvalde, with the latest, damning words right there, rosa. >> reporter: erica, this testimony is difficult to listen to. i can't even imagine being one of the family members of the victims listening to this testimony because it is excruciating. colonel mccraw, the head of texas dps is going through a second by second account of what happened on that day. now, this is the latest -- the most up to date timeline that texas dps has presented to the public, but colonel mccraw also mentioned at the top of his remarks that the investigation is not complete. so we have to take all of this with a grain of salt as we know from covering the story from the beginning the story has changed multiple times. hopefully this time they got it
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right. a few of the highlights here, according to colonel mccraw's timeline, 24 seconds, that's how long it took for the shooter to enter the school and start firing his weapon into the classroom. three minutes in that's when colonel mccraw says that 11 officers, two of those officers with long guns, with rifles, entered that classroom. one minute after that, the shooter started shooting at these officers through the door, some of those officers got graze wounds and they retreated. now, after that it was a series of things that happened, but according to what colonel mccraw has been rectestifying so far, officers did not approach the door, did not try to get into that classroom, instead what happened is law enforcement officers are either in the hallway or outside, with weapons, with shields, and the timeline of when those shields come in, they start at 19
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minutes and then more shields arrive. point of the matter is that there was a long wait and colonel mccraw paints it like this. take a listen. >> while they waited, the on scene commander waited for radio and rifles. he waited for shields. he waited for s.w.a.t. lastly he waited for a key that was never needed. the post columbine doctrine is clear and compelling, and unambiguous. stop the killing, stop the dying. >> now, erica, what is going on right now in this hearing is colonel mccraw is taking questions from the committee members. some of those questions started off regarding the door, the first door that was breached by the shooter, and so they're discussing the complexity of
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that. we know there is diagrams of this door, so that's what they're diving into right now at this point. >> wow. and to hear him say there too, waiting for a key that was never needed when we think about that door. rosa, thank you. you'll continue to update us as we hear more. also with us now, cnn senior law enforcement analyst charles ramsey, the former philadelphia police commissioner. commissioner, always good to have you with us. this is damning, feels like it falls short. every time we get an update it just leaves you speechless. when you hear and even just those two bits of testimony that we just played, from steven mccraw, what stands out to you in this latest account? >> well, first of all, this keeps getting worse. and there is just absolutely no excuse for them to avoid it that long to get in. and i think it points to another issue that the departments around the country need to pay attention to, just because an
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individual has rank, it doesn't mean they make good decisions in a moment of crisis. when you've got somebody who is in charge of your special operations, on scene commander, whatever, you better have the right person there, this police chief was not the right person. he couldn't make a decision. and so, you know, this is just bad. there is just no other way of describing it. the officer should not even have waited for an on scene commander. you make entry, they had shields, they had bulletproof vests, long guns, what else do you need? you have kids being slaughtered in there, teachers being slaughted and you're standing around waiting? it makes no sense. it makes me angry. it is embarrassing because it is embarrassing for all law enforcement. >> jose flores, whose 10-year-old son was killed in this shooting was on with john berman this morning. he said in light of what he has learned, this is before the testimony that we just played from steven mccraw which happened a short time ago, he called them cowards and said the police have failed his son and
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those other children and the two teachers who were killed. one thing that stood out to me is he said the families aren't getting any answers. he told berman all he's gotten are excuses they're trying to cover up their tracks. one of the first things that happens in the wake of these tragedies is the family is briefed. the fact that the families can't get the information, that speaks to a major issue. >> it is a major issue. listen, first of all, they have a right to know exactly what took place. they screwed this up, so they don't want to say anything and they may have lawyers telling them not to because they know lawsuits are going to follow. i don't know. but those people deserve answers. they really do deserve answers. they lost a loved one, a child, they will never get that person back. they'll never be able to celebrate another birthday, a wedding, anniversary, whatever it might be, that's it, it is over, they're gone.
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and they deserve answers. and so, you know, uvalde needs to just step up, do the right thing, give people the answers they need to have, you get sued, you deserve to be sued in these circumstances. let the cards fall where they may, period, that's it. i'll tell you something, that chief should never be in policing again. >> chief arredondo, the school police chief, we have learned, is set to testify today. this is going to be not in this public texas senate hearing that we just saw, with steve mccraw, this is going to be in a closed hearing with a texas house investigative committee. let's say you were able to be in that meeting, let's say you had a chance to talk. what are some of the questions you would be asking him? >> i would want to know why he took so long. what was he thinking. how could you possibly think that it was okay to wait that long, you're hearing shots being fired. you know who is on the other side of that door. those are small children and teachers on the other side of
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that door. listen, there is risk in policing, there is no question about that. but i have buried too many police officers that were unafraid to go in and risk their lives and actually lose their lives to protect others. i mean, i don't know what the heck he was thinking. i have absolutely no idea. it is frustrating to me and there is nothing he could possibly say that would convince me that he made the right decisions. you do what you have to do, period. you distract this guy, you shoot through the window, shoot through the door, do something. but don't let him just stay an hour in there and just continue to shoot people and let those kids lay there and literally bleed to death. there is no excuse for it. >> steve mccraw said moments ago they put officers lives above those of the children. tough words. >> that's just wrong. >> we always appreciate your insight, thank you. >> thank you. coming up here, the department of justice announcing
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this just in to cnn, the department of justice has just announced it is sending a team to pursue war criminals from russia's invasion of ukraine. evan perez joining us now with details. what specifically will this team be doing? how will they be helping there? >> this is a great deal of symbolism in appointing this team, the attorney general today visiting ukraine, having a conversation with the ukrainian prosecutor general. and the justice department, the fbi are now going to be helping them, providing as much resources as they can to try to track down russian war criminals. and he's named this team called the war crimes accountability team, being led by eli rosenbaum, the best known nazi hunter at the justice department. you know that vladimir putin has said that one of the reasons why he invaded ukraine was to denazify ukraine. that is false. but now the justice department
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is going to send in their best known nazi hunter to go after russian war criminals. eli rosenbaum has led this office at the justice department since 1979, he's actually done over 100 cases, tracking down former nazis that were living here in the united states. and now those resources are going to be used to try to find these people who the ukrainians and the international community believe are committing war crimes in ukraine, erica. >> evan, appreciate the reporting, thank you. >> sure. just ahead here, babies, toddlers, preschoolers, finally eligible now for their covid shots. the vaccines will begin rolling out today. dr. sanjay gupta joins us next with more on what parents need to know. ...the tower cam for a - hey!
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who may still be hesitant on getting their kids vaccinated. >> yeah, you know, we had two independent panels both at the fda as well as at the cdc demonstrate and go through the data very carefully, very publicly. what we would -- what we know is that confidence is going to grow over time. we saw that with adult vaccination when it first rolled out, 35% of people were interested, but we now have nearly 90% of people who had one dose. so we have work to do with our trusted messengers, pediatricians, healthcare providers, pharmacists across this country, and that hard work starts right now. >> cnn's dr. sanjay gupta joining me live. for parents who are ready at this point, what is it rollout going to look like. i feel like we have learned some lessons in this country from earlier rollouts. >> it is pretty monumental in that sense. we have vaccines now for all age groups. just over two years into this
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pandemic is pretty significant. it is going to be a little bit different with these young children because, you know, people have been very used to getting these in the pharmacies and you can do that as some of the pharmacies here. cvs, minute clinics, walgreens, sam's club, things like that, they're going to be offering these type of vaccines. call ahead, make sure. a lot of vaccines have already been preplanned in these areas. but i think a lot of it is going to come from pediatricians offices, most likely. and as you heard from dr. walensky, right now there is a lot of hesitation, only about 18% or so of families say they're going to run out and get this. there shouldn't be any shortages, but that's likely how it is going to sort of roll out over the next several months. >> as we look at this too, parents have questions as dr. walensky mentioned, pediatricians, healthcare providers some of the best messengers on this. there is question over which
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vaccine they may want, because both moderna and pfizer were authorized. how should a parent make that decision? >> a lot comes down to what your pediatrician has, probably, if you're getting it from your pediatrician's office, like we saw with the adult vaccines as well. what was available. they're very similar. these are very similar vaccines. they're both using mrna technology. they have similar results. i think one of the big differences is pfizer is three shots. so this is something to sort of keep in the back of the mind and back time it. you get a couple of shots initially and then a third shot eight weeks after that second dose. so just think about your own timing, and school maybe if it is getting into the school year, for example, with moderna, it is two shots. so they're separated by a few weeks, just like the first two shots of pfizer, but a month later you get the second shot. that's one of the biggest sort of considerations. >> you know, viewer questions are important and you're great
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at answering them. we're going to send a couple your way. we got this one, a lot of parents struggle with this with older kids as well. my child turns 5 in the next couple of months, should i wait until they're eligible for the bigger dose for kids age 5 to 12. this parent asks if it's better. >> when we think about the dosing schedules, we have to set some sort of time, you know, in this case, age, at which the dosing sort of changes here. but i would say don't worry so much about that. if your child changes age, goes from 4 to 5 or whatever during the cycle of vaccines here, they're likely to get the dose for their age at that time. so, for example, for kids under the age of 5, it is -- the pfizer dose is three micrograms, which is one tenth the dose of an adult. once they get older, it goes to ten micrograms. so they may get a larger dose for their last shot. same thing with moderna, if that
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makes sense. i don't think -- i understand the question, but it is not something to worry too much about. >> and, finally, you know, there has been a lot of talk over the last two and a half years, how long have we been doing this about myocarditis, a legitimate concern a lot of people have. one parent asking what is the risk of myocarditis in children? >> what they found is that as children got younger, the risk of myocarditis went down. when you think about it, myocarditis is because the body is generating a really significant immune response to the vaccine, and that could cause in rare cases some inflammation of the heart muscle or surrounding tissues. typically in older teens and people in their young 20s, they didn't see it, this was a small trial, they didn't see it in people under the age of 5. also just keep in mind, this is just a basic sort of tenet from cdc is that myocarditis is a risk, but the risk of myocarditis is higher from covid than it is from the vaccine.
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rare in both situations, self-limited, meaning it goes away in both situations, but that's why you vaccinate, to reduce risks like the ones people are concerned about. >> so important. it is a great day on so many levels. dr. sanjay gupta, nice to see you. thank you. coming up here, ridiculously long lines at airports across the country. thousands of flights canceled, delayed, passengers stranded. so what is behind all this airline chaos? we're going to get you some answers next.
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the airline chaos continues today. over 200 flights cancelled across the country. delays nearing 1,000. the frustrations growing exponentially for travelers who have faced delays and kans vagss throughout the holiday weekend. joining me now brian kelley. great to see you this morning. we hear a lot of different things. there are weather issues. thursday morning i saw a lot of those, but overbooked, staffing issues. what's the real story? why is it such mass chaos right now? >> well, demand is through the roof. this past friday was the busiest day since 2019 of air travel with nearly 2 .5 million people. you factor that in with already bad staffing issues plus covid. employees are still calling out we're not out of the woods with covid, and it snowballs. all of travel is interconnected.
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if a flight can't get out of atlanta because of weather, all the other flights simply snowball. i highly recommend travelers be proactive and if possible, leave on the first flight of the day. in general, they go out at a higher rate than later flights in the day. >> maybe not on time, but maybe it will get out. what's interesting is we talk about the staffing shortage. there's some pushback specifically from the pilot's union on the claims of pilot staffing shortages in a statement the head of the pilot's union said airline execs are manufacturing are crisis about the supply of pilots in an attempt to roll back pilot training standards. we won't stand by and let them drag our aviation system into the past to make an extra buck. what's the real story there? >> yeah. i mean, i think we should worry about pilots being overworked. i don't think we should roll back. i think the mental health of pilots should be our top concern. and taking away training isn't the answer.
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the industry needs to focus on training more pilots. united airlines even started their own pilot school. yes, i agree. blaming pilots isn't why we are where we are today. it's far from just pilots and flight attendants. gate a agents. how many times do you land when they can't even bring the jet bridge to the plane? that happens all the time. and all the things create the snowball effect. it's not just in the u.s. i'm in madrid. brussels airport is closed today due to strikes. amsterdam is a mess and telling people not to come. you have to be vigilant in travel these days. >> you say try to not have a connection. prepare yourself for a cancellation. the other thing that stood out to me, you mentioned united. united's ceo said he thinks the government, that the government needs to step in. he's not asking for a bailout. not saying the airlines need money. he's saying at newark, for example, there's a capacity issue even on a perfect day. there are too many flights
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scheduled for the airport and says air traffic control is understaffed and the government needs to step in. what could the government change? >> absolutely. i agree with him. our air traffic control in the u.s. is extremely outdated. it needs a multibillion infrastructure overhaul. the government needs to step in there, too. i was hoping in the infrastructure bill there would be more funds for our airport system. you travel around the world, you realize the u.s. are technology and infrastructure is way behindmost other countries. the government needs to step up to the plate, too. >> we'll see. sadly would not be able to solve some of the issues we're seeing right now. brian, appreciate you joining us. good luck getting back. >> thanks. just ahead here, oppressive suffocating record heat. millions of americans doing anything they can to stay cool. some are only just beginning. happy summer. we'll look at when you can expect some relief, next. no, he's seizing the moment with merrill. moving his money into his investment account in real time
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happy summer. it's official. although, for many of you, it probably feels like it's been summer for weeks now. millions of americans are dealing with a heat wave of triple digit temperatures. chad myers is dealing with them himself. thankfully you have an air-conditioned studio. that map looks awful. >> it's relative to the time of year. the numbers you see behind me
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are probably not that bad july 21st. but it isn't july 21st. it's june 21st. the normal high in chicago right now should be 8 2. it's going to feel like 101 with the heat index, heat and humidity. standing on the asphalt in the sunshine, it may feel like 120 there. that's the heat bubble, heat dome. it's centered right over the country. now, the northeast is still doing okay. colors here are in green. that means you're 60s and 70s and cooler air will work down by the weekend. so you don't really experience much for the northeast, especially new york city, boston, maybe until around saturday afternoon and sunday, but then another cool shot of cooler air comes in. the places where it won't be cool will be down to the south and we expect that, of course also. by the time we work our way into saturday, 100 record highs across the country will have been broken in the spots you see here, the dots. some of these dots will break the record multiple days in a
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row. >> that is not really a record that we're going for, is it? chad, appreciate it. stay cool, my friend. thank you. i'm erica hill, thank you for joining us this hour. cnn's special coverage of the january 6th insurrection hearing begins right now . republican state officials are preparing to testify about being personally pressured by then president trump to overturn the 2020 election. there's new information about the threat they faced as they defied trump's threat on democracy. i'm anderson cooper in washington. >> i'm jack tapper. house investigators say today's hearing will reveal ed of then president trump's direct role in a plot to submit
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