government official joined other climate activists to discuss ways the federal government canaddress climate change adaptation and mitigation efforts . they testifiedbefore the house select committee on the climate crisis . this is a little more than an hour and half.

>> committee will come to order.>> it should be visible on camera through the hearing and for members participating in person mass

are optional as per the office of the attending physicians. members are responsible for controlling their own microphones and members participating remotely maybe you did bystaff only to avoid inadvertent background noise and as a reminder , documents or motions must be submitted to the electronic repository fcc see repository.gov. finally members or witnesses experiencing anytechnical problems . >> should inform committee staff. so good morning everyone, thank you for joining us for this hybrid hearing on climate impact, federal strategies for equitable adaptation and resilience . first let me say that our hearts are with the people of ukraine. this morning who are living through unimaginable circumstances. and as democrats, as republicans, as americans we stand on the side of freedom and democracy and i know we

will work together to hold russia and put in accountable and support the brave ukrainian people. and as we are continuing to help the people of ukraine we must also keep working to respondto the worsening impacts of the climate crisis . today we will hear about the need to develop a national adaptation and resilience strategy that focuses on ways to activate all sectors and levels of government to deliver actionable climate risk science, information and tools while also helping drive the funding and investment for communities so i'll recognize myself for a five-minute opening statement. for decades scientists have warned us our reliance on fossil fuels is to link atmosphere with heat tracking pollution,raising global

temperatures and fueling extreme weather. they warned us that rising temperatures would lead to worsening disasters , stronger heat waves andlonger droughts . and those predictions are now a reality . families and businesses are dealing with the cost and consequences of climate and action. and while we can still avoid the worst effects of climate change, some effects now are unavoidable. but it's not too late. however to avoid some of the worst scenarios if we act now. while we take ambitious steps to keep climate change from getting worse, you must also urgently confront the impacts that are already here. that means developing a national adaptation and resilience strategy, one that delivers actionable tools and resources to frontline communities across america. it means taking global action and how communities develop climate resiliency economy.

it meanssafeguarding our food and our farmers. and it means investing and strengthening housing and infrastructure , directing growth for safer ground and prioritizing investments to our mostvulnerable people . we must engage in the adaptation planning design with local partners. engaging them early and meaningfully so that we can benefit from their insight and experience and we must do this in ways that are equitable,sustainable and urgent . it's one thing to read about the climate impacts in scientific reports. it's quite another to feel them in your own neighborhood. but that's what's happening across america. just last year climate fuel disasters affected one in 10 american homes according to an analysis by core logic and in the summer pacific northwest experienced a deadly heat wave with record shattering temperatures of 110 degrees. the southwest is in the midst

of a 20+ year mega droughts. the regions most severe in the last 1200 years and over the next 30 years the national ocean service estimates flooding will be 10 times as common in communities like my own in the tampa bay area where sea levels could rise as much as 12 inches. the latest report from the intergovernmental panel on climate change presents one of the starkest points today. even if we meet our most ambitious climate goals, the world's leading scientists predict we will suffer losses. we may lose most of the world's tropical coral reefs by the end of the century as well as much of our glaciers and and polar ice. we will continue to lose species and ecosystems and if we don't act decisively we will see widespread human suffering with the stabilized food production, water scarcity and a global economy

plagued by uncertainty. it's a dire economic picture that we simply cannot allow to happen . however, the itc report contains a message of hope and of urgency. every dollar we spend on adaptation and resilience can save us between four and seven dollars in the future and investing in resilient infrastructure can save lives and lessen the impact of extreme weather. that's why we work to pass president biden's bipartisan infrastructure law which includes the largest investment in resilient physical and natural infrastructure in american history. the infrastructure law invests over $50 billion to protect against drought, heat, floods and wildfires and includes $1 billion for fema's building resilient infrastructure as well as 3.5 billion for flood mitigation assistance.

and it makes historic investments in wildfire resilience, water infrastructure, transportation planning and grid resilience but there's still progress to be made because today the united states has no comprehensive federal approach for climate adaptation and resilience planning that builds onwhat's happening at the local level. the result of an inefficient ad hoc system will exacerbate risk in our local community . it will exacerbate risk to our economy and the people who represent. today we will hear from experts on how congress can help americans about the climate impact in a way that's equitable for every community. will talk about the tools needed to help communities handle climate impacts and explore ways to boost resilience across the nation . i'm looking forward to our conversation today. thank you and at this time i will yield five minutes to ranking member graves . >> thank you all for being here, the witnesses and members.

resilience is important and i'm very proud we have a great local leader parish president from st. charles parish . the rest of your counties, you haven't caught on yet and he's the leader of one of our local governments and counties and a guy that was out there waist deep, neck deep in water for correcting iraq, throwing sandbags, trying to save his community resilience is critical in louisiana and he's going to talk today a little bit about risk 2.0 about this change within fema that has been made that causes extraordinary rate increases and flood insurance. people in his community going somewhere from $560 a year to 7000. we believe one even $9000 in a year. i don't know.

this is insane what's going on. what we need to be doing is protecting communities for madam chair iwant to go in a differentdirection today . we're talking about resilience, this is the climate committee . we're supposed to be dealing with climate issues and all this committees been doing all this congress has been doing is hitting here talking about how we're going to move to renewable energy solutions. that's what we're going to do, moved to renewable energy solutions and were going to chart this new on energy . look at what is happening right now . as a result of completely ale governance, a lack of an energy policy, opposing everything isn't an energy policy. look atwhat's happening today . as a result of all these people out there aimed these things that are not tethered to data and the people in the media that are being entirely

complicit with . it's not funny anymore. we've reached maximum gasoline prices, emissions are going up. going from buying oil from russia to. iran and venezuela. i have people calling me including people that are constituents of the president saying ican't afford to fuel my car to go to work . it's not funny. we're not obtaining any objectives that are trying to achieve. inventions are going up as compared to presidenttrump. prices are insane and we have energy insecurity . there is not an energy strategy. we need to be talking about something thatis rational . that is science-based. and why not? we're continuing to talk about how your boat to ride the unicorn to the dance with bigfoot. it doesn't make any sense. we have 38 billion barrels of reserves in the united states. 38 billion barrels of

technically proven reserves of oil. we have our european friends that have made dumb decisions like closing nuclear plant after nuclear plant therefore becoming more dependent on russia. we have natural gas, wehave trillions of cubic feet of natural gas . we can produce here, the biden administration will approve more of the export terminals we can send it to your . here is a fax that i said in this committee over and over again. producing natural gas in the united states has a lower environmental print, lower emissions andvirtually any other country in the world . it's effectively the cleanest and lowest in mission is producing an offshore focusing on what we represent. lowest emissions in the world but no, we're going to turn the vladimir putin and turned around, turned to maduro and

venezuela. turn to the saudi's. who thinks this make sense? we have higheradmission and less energysecurity . this cuts our economy. there is not a strategy . no is not a strategy after the offshore production, what was one of the first actions? signing an executive order same are not going to do any new leases so now there's a lawsuit. they told them they have to do it and told they don't have to do and the administration sitting there on . we have a solution and the president said we want to buy american. we want to buy american. we have energy right here. we have energy security. energy independence and it was given up through a failed strategy i want to be clear, i'm not in any way saying solar, wind, geothermal. all of the implacable read every single one but no is not an energy strategy. and look at what we're doing to this country. this is a disaster and it

shouldn't be a partisan fight but we can't continue to sit around here and talk about things that are completely illogical, irrational and are causing the impact to the american people we're seeing today class i'd like to thank the gentleman from louisiana. to introduce our witnesses but we will be going into recess at some point because we're going to take a vote on banning oil and gas exports from russia. i know you may want to correct your remarks when you say we're dealing with putin on oil and gas because we're going to ban oil and gas. so i want to welcome our witnesses today. we have an outstanding panel. doctor william's unlucky is a professor in the department of geography and environmental science under the university of new york. expert in urban environmental change , resilience and adaptation. he founded the cuny institute

for sustainable cities which work to make cities part of the solution to sustainability challenges. he was an offer of the un intergovernmental panel on climate change working to summary for policymakers in chapters on climate risk and coordinating lead author for the us national climate assessment chapter on urbanization infrastructure and vulnerability . doctor laura hansen is the executive director and chief scientist at kodak. doctor hansen leads eagle ã work to support professionals in adaptation and management sectors. she serves on the un intergovernmental panel on climate change and is the united states environmental protection agency bronze medalist . doctor hansen worked as she changed scientist for the world wildlife fund where she created their international climate change impact and

adaptationprogram. would you like to introduce mister jules ? >> madam chair, we're joined again st. charles terrace president matt jewell. president jewell, i remind you again we have parishes in louisiana, not counties. he said she elected official for the parish . president dole grew up in st. charles parish and worked up here and did staff work with congressman scalise. he's a fellow beekeeper and i'll send you just a great guy. that has his heart and soul, complete passion for the parish and compassion for the people he represents and what a great resource and perspective he will be providing to the committee . >> doctor lauren alexander is the executive director of the

research program at the national academies of science, engineering and medicine. doctor augustine currently oversees the management and use of criminal settlement funds directed to the national academies from the deepwater horizon disaster and let efforts to build community resilience at the resilient america program as the country's director for the african science academy development initiative. welcome to all our panelists and the witnesses written statements will be made part of the record . that doctor solecki you are recognized to get a five minute presentation of your testimony. >> thank you, can you guys here west and mark thank you. chair pastor and ranking member grace and members of the select committee, thank you for inviting me today thank you for your commitment to the climate change issue.

what i'm going to do is speak about the report and some of the findings from it.the key statement that comes out of the summary for policymakers from that report released last week is the cumulative evidence, the cumulative scientific evidence on climate change as a threat to human well-being and the health of the planet any further delay will miss a brief and rapidly closing window to secure our future. the report content highlights an advanced understanding of climate change including many significant shifts that increase the risks faced by the world ecosystems. since we put climate change at the national and global scale it's not something that can be ignored. if not goingaway and impacts will become increasingly worse . but as was noted we have a clear window of opportunity to act particularly in this next decade. the report presents a clear and compelling assessment of

widespread global impact. evidence also continues to strengthen the assessment that the impacts will increase significantly if and when global warming goes over five degreescelsius for 2.7 degrees fahrenheit with approximately 1.1 degree of warming already observed . for north america some of the key backs observed in the report are as follows. climate change has negatively impacted human health and well-being. food production is affected by climate change, extreme events and climate hazards are adversely affecting economic activities across the us and has disrupted supply chain infrastructure andtrade . north american cities and settlements have been impacted increasingly by severe and frequent climate hazards and extreme events which have contributed to infrastructure damage,

livelihood losses, damage to heritage resources andsafety concerns. terrestrial marine and freshwater ecosystems are being soundly altered by climate change . the report also assesses what to expect in the near future in terms offuture risk but also talks more specifically about where and why adaptation is being effective or not . and one of the things that is really relevant here is there is good news. the good newsis that more and more adaptation strategies are being planned . implemented, developed and implemented and a pilot project and local experiments are ongoing and various types of infrastructure, apologies. psychological and proprietary ecosystem-based adaptation are being developed which provide a basis for ongoing improvements and scaling up. many enabling factors promote

adaptation have been defined in the assessment as well. these include a focus on inclusive governance, access to financing, access to new and cutting edge knowledge as well as decision-making focuses onissues of equity . the sad news though is that what we also find with respect to adaptation is in some cases is not sufficient to meet the challenge of private change. what we define as an adaptation gap .the other cases are leading to unintended outcomes and we find a lot of adaptation lacks coordination monitoring and evaluation and in some cases is losing its effectiveness with respect to shifts in climate change already ongoing. what i like to do in my last minute or so is talk about these opportunities for type taking advantage of this window we now have. one is to enhance conditions

for enabling conditions for adaptation. two is to focus on enhancing synergies and benefits of adaptation and reduce maladaptation. enhance our evaluation capacity, incorporated adaptation in the everyday practice with the development of sector and geographic metrics and standards in code. perfect prepare for shocks in some cases outside the region of their jurisdiction of agencies and learn from them as best as possible and develop a suite of policies of flexible adaptive and present a diverse set of strategies. finally one of the key result is this issue of fully integrating and connecting adaptation and mitigation and development. with the recognition that this interweaving of these three key aspects provide great opportunity for solutions for climate

solutions in the future. >> thank you doctor solecki. next doctor hansen, you are recognized. >> good morning and thank you chair pastor, ranking member grace. for inviting me to speak on federal strategy for climate change adaptation i had the honor to visit the hill to discuss climate change response for first in 2004 pregnant with my son i shared hopeful examples of climate change adaptation from around the world and urged action to keep climate change to less than two degrees celsius because adaptation and mitigation are both necessary to solve the climate crisis. back then i jumped all the practitioners in our field could stand in one elevator. in 2007 i was invited back to testify on marine ecosystems . my son was three years old and i have plotted congress

for reducing greenhouse gas emissions. i repeatedly need to keep climate change to less than two degrees celsius and added a national adaptation policy with an extension agency to provide legal support. the following year to colleagues and i found it evil and that,a nonprofit devoted to innovating and supporting implementation of adaptation. a kind of ad hoc extension agency . in 2019 i was invited back to speak on opportunities for adaptation on our public lands. i again requested we work to keep climate change to less than two degrees celsius and create an adaptation plan with an extension agency. we were running the world's largest online database the national adaptation forum which i up to 1200 participant year. the field has more people that can fit in an elevator but still not enough to meet the challenge we face. forum will be in baltimore this october and i hope some of you can share the progress we are making on climate

change.decisions made every day are vulnerable to climate change. if these decisions are not valid evaluated through a climate lens we will end up with failed infrastructure, damaging our environment and hindering our ability to drive economically and ecologically. simply put explicit consideration of climate change in our actions is vital for our lives tomorrow. as lawmakers you have the power to do something about this. based on 20 years of professional experience in the field of adaptation i recommend the following. one, create and implement an adaptation plan that requires climate change impacts on all funding and regulatory decisions. 2, create an adaptation extension agency to provide technical support or public and private parties at the federal state and local level . be it a national climate service or the climate start

communities initiative, whatever its name it can be funded to coordinate and leverage existing public and private adaptation tools and resources to build capacity and deliver climate information to these communities. three, require congress and all federal agencies undertake their mission with an awareness of the climate risk. this means agencies and trusted to protect our people and resources must evaluate climate change vulnerability such that they can act to reduce climate risk. that should be how we do business. we must ensure the most vulnerable communities and individuals are given additional attention to ensure our country does not have climate winners and losers . we all have the right to be protected from the harms of climate change regardless of our age, gender or economic status. we must recognize the interconnectedness of the system. cities cannot exist without water, energy and food which comes from the natural systems that surround them. this requires plant that protects adequate and appropriate space for ecosystems to function under changing conditions.

we must ensure agency staff have the training to understand climate changewhen doing their jobs . without that we cannot expect our federal government to take effective action. 4, real value we evaluate the effects of pollutants and other environmental stresses that can be hounded by climatechange . we need to ensure regulatory planning responses take that into account so we can achieve our desired goals to protect the people and the environment and course i often know that i need to repeat myself to get action such as please empty the dish rack so here goes. five, please keepglobal climate change too well under two degrees celsius . we know 1.5 degrees lcs is a more prudent target. we need to reduce our consumption to stop makingthe problem worse . the cost of inaction is unaffordable for us all. my son is a junior making lands. he says he's interested in climate science.

for his future all our children i cannot properly articulate the hope that i must in this congress and this committee. please take action to increase ourlikelihood of good outcomes. this and every future generation is depending on you . i hope my son is not on the hill 10 years with the same list of requests. >> next, mister jewell you are recognized. >> ranking member grace, members of the committee thank you for allowing me to appear in front of you today. my name is matthew jewell and i'm the president of st. charles parish louisiana. it's natural beauty, rich resources and economic engine that is the mississippi river provide the foundation of $87 billion economy but what truly makes louisiana incredible is its people. louisiana's are someof the most resilient people you'll

ever meet . for centuries they call louisiana home as they faced hurricanes, land loss and a global pandemic and it all louisiana's continue to overcome despite their challenges. southeast louisiana's economy for 38 percent of the state's total gdp and exported $105 billion fromthe region . the same date ranked third in us natural gas production and it has 20 percent of the nation's oil refining capacity. it st. charles parish we have 14 sites ranging from oil, gas and chemical nuclear power plant which produces carbon free electricity which is enough to power 750,000 homes. most recently louisiana was devastated by hurricane i. our communities came together with industrypartners and picked up the pieces and we are going back to work . this is what we do. nevertheless it's getting more difficult to be resilient with the policies

coming out of washington dc. portals have made it difficult to construct cultural restoration projects. additionally newpolicies around the most flood insurance program have begun to put an economic constraint on people living in the region . to rehearse these must begin by cutting the red tape on restoration projects to restore our wetlands to their natural state and time is of the essence. since 1930s louisiana has lost 2000 square miles of land, an area roughly the size of delaware. to solve this weneed and all of the aboveapproach which involves dredging , marsh restoration, shoreline protection . >> ..

raising or eliminating cap on revenue will provide funding needed to make the project symbiotic. it's currently the only estate on a consistent from the source in the program as we discussed was a lengthy, who must consider economic resilience. 2.0 in unbearable financial burden on homeowners. we seem home policies traditionally lowest $600 upwards of 8500 dollars. these public heist inflation our nation has seen since 1982 is not sustainable. we need more investment to print mitigate risk, not policies that will force americans to sanded their home. products like risk reduction system to protect hundreds of thousands of people, property and goings of dollars of infrastructure in our national economy. the support says benefits produce by the project

effective. on the other hand what insurance policies threaten to force people out of the area. we seen projects like these work firsthand. i agree section sbm.one of the most recent reports that indicate structural measures have reduced loss of life and that enhancing natural water retention such as restoring wetlands and rivers can reduce blood risk. in closing, southeast louisiana is a critical part of national economy. together local, state and federal governments can work to ensure we focus on making changes that will complement resilient people in louisiana and thank you for your time and i look forward to answering your questions. >> thank you very much. next, i think you are recognized for five minutes for your testimony, welcome.

[inaudible] [inaudible] >> is that better? okay. thank you for inviting me to testify today. i'm the executive director of a research program at the national academy in medicine. the academy has done work on climate issues that may be of used to this committee but today the views i represent are my own. equity resilience and adaptation are important pressing issues of our time and i'll talk about things in these four minutes and 30 seconds left, the interconnected pieces that drive resilience, what it is and how it works the fierce urgency of now. the interconnected pieces are the environment, the economy and the people. on the environment, the scientific consensus is unequivocal, i threat to human well-being and health but we can

see these changes for ourselves the past few years storms getting more frequent or intense and more expensive. hurricane season in 2024/most in u.s. history. perkins michael 2018 ida in 21, two of the five strongest forms u.s. history and 2017th now is the most expensive working in u.s. history, for nearly 2005 katrina and wilma and pushing back for a second. these mostly happen in the gulf of mexico where oil and gas is an economic powerhouse for the region and the country and in all of my resilience work, one thing is true, a healthy economy is foundational for resilience. in 2019, almost all offshore oil and gas in the u.s. came out of the gulf of mexico, more than half of the natural gas and half

of the nation's crude oil are produced in that region and still fleecy louisiana and texas planning to greatly reduce greenhouse emissions and depend upon fossil fuel purchase louisiana published the first climate action plan last month with key definitions entire state of our economy. as changes occur, economic engines may enter other people, climate change is a threat and risk multiplier, 15th they magnify inequities that already exist raise income from language from mobility in both disadvantaged their schizophrenic compounds when disaster strikes and other vulnerabilities as well. 100 million people on the coast in the u.s., 60 in the past, and a pack of hurricane and people continue to move to the coast.

we see these stacks ethical and pricey ways. five states around the gulf of mexico texas, louisiana, alabama and florida account for more than 60% of the disaster relief fund from the whole country felt we can find a balance in this region, we can find a solution for the country so what is resilient text in my view, it is like a zipper. we've heard about the pieces from the economy and data but when this is undone, they don't do much for anybody. it's one they are connected it turns into something useful and protective. environment and energy like does it work, and like the federal resources and abilities, the base of the zipper, the part that gets it started is local communities to science more generally are like the slider" that connects local communities and federal resources and vice a versa. we did this in november of 21 a

couple of months ago, we organized a serious game around federal investment on infrastructure for more resilient infrastructure in the gulf of mexico and brought local. experts federal representatives to address questions like bang for your buck on federal investments on infrastructure and how do we work with federal funds to make sure public asset or private asset don't become public liabilities those are really successful offense and one in the gulf region spring because we need these examples of effective connection across science, communities and across the federal agencies. in my last 30 seconds, let me talk about the fierce urgency of now. everyone on the panel thus far has talked about the window closing but i want to emphasize if it closing, that means it's still a little open we can act

and connect now. future generations depend on what we do today, they are going to know what we knew and when we know it and how we chose to act and we could wake wait and take no action start now to ensure equity and resilient for all. we have strong science, and once in a generation opportunity of infusion of resources in the collective motivation to design communities, energy, economies toward resilience for all. we want, in other words, in 100 years from people at that time to look back on we want, in other words, in 100 years the people of that time to look back on us today and say that we did the right thing. i thank you very much for this opportunity to testify. >> thank you very much. now we will move to member questions. i will recognize myself for five minutes for the first round.

thank you all for your outstanding testimony. dr. augustine, you are right to highlight what the ipcc, the world's top scientists recently said in that last report. it was eye opening, that there is a rapidly closing windows for to us act. i love what you highlighted that there are such knowledgeable people all across the country in communities that are ready to look for the best bang for the buck. we don't have unlimited resources to do this. we have got to be smart and targeted. right now, climate and adaptation planning across the country is done on an ad hoc basis. it is very inefficient. so as dr. hansen has said, has give us good recommendations. i have seen, i traveled to norfolk at the invitation the congresswoman and others, they are leading the way on their community planning. in the tampa bay area at home,

we are. i have seen miami-dade. but i have seen many communities that do not have the resources. they are not going to have a planner. they may not have, you know, even a chief of police. and they are the ones that really need help. so let me start with dr. hansen, and i will go back to dr. augustine. we have put in some money in the bipartisan infrastructure law for fema, building resilient communities. but we don't want to be in emergency response mode. we want to be pro active up front. what is the proper structure? what agencies need to be involved? how do we empower communities across the country? it had not be top down. i has to be from the bottom up listening to folks like mr. jewel and other local officials and experts on how we plan to adap. what do you say, dr. hansen? >> thank you, this really needs to be an across-government

approach. every agency needs to be requiring that for federal dollars to be spent that the climate risk was evaluated and the spending that is taking place is in fact not dramatically vulnerable to climate change. but that also is going to require local planning that has that as its climate lens as well. we absolutely don't want it to come to fema having to do the repairs. fema has a different course of action than it used to. previously you had to build back in the same location the same way in order to get those funds. we need to make sure everything we are doing from here forward is climate smart and that it is built to last. so that has to be literally across the board. every agency, everything they are doing. >> okay. dr. augustine, thank you for your work in the wake of the

worst environmental economic catastrophe, the deep water horizon. i still remember it very well even though oil didn't wash up on the coast of florida, my neck of the woods, boy, they -- it devastated our economy. and we are still living with the environmental impacts as well. so climate change is similar. it's out there. it's causing horrendous damage, raising cost. we know we have to reduce our reliance on fossil fuels over time. but we have to adapt as well. what's going on at the local level? what do you recommend to us to empower local communities so that we do have that gross roots approach that they are making the decisions on when funding comes down to adapt? how do we make sure that they are kind of leading the way while federal resources flow from agencies? >> i think this is a great question.

and i would say that the appetite is very strong at the local level. it's amazing the public servants like mr. ju cell and others at this local level really want better information. they want actionable information. they want me and my science community to provide information they can use, that can be understood, that relates to where they live. not to put words in your mouth, mat. but this is what we hear. so one of the things that comes to mind is that we do start at that local level to the degree that we can. in my experience, there is many communities that are crying out for help. they want -- they want some people to help them interpret data, translate information that seems quantitative or even confusion and they don't know what to do with it. with that, i think that -- i can go back to my zipper analogy. because there are -- there are a

lot of federal resource. some -- most that come after a disaster. you know, the really long and strong fun, that comes after a disaster. but if we could find ways to bring in the predisaster options -- you know, it crosses the federal agencies, some in noaa, some in hud, some in this, some in dhs -- they are kinds of all over the place but there are ways to get that adaptation money and link that with the post disaster recovery and relief money. >> thank you. mr. graves, you are recognized for five minutes. mr. carter, excuse me, you are recognized for five minutes. >> let me say i echo the comments made by the ranking member earlier today. i can't help but say that what we are going through in this country right now is totally ridiculous. the ranking member was right. what has it resulted in this failed policy this administration, higher prices, higher emissions, and energy insecurity. all of this did not have to

happen. all this could have been avoided. again, i just want to echo the comments of the ranking member and thank him for those comments early year. mr. jewell, i -- president jewell, i apologize. two things before i start. first i was a mayor in another life, i served local level, i served the state level, now i serve the national level. i know what you are dealing with. secondly, two of the most precious people in my life live in jefferson county. my grandchildren. they just bought gnaw house in metairie. i know exactly what you are talking about when you are talking about the price of flood insurance. i just want to make sure you understand where i am coming from. you talked about risk rating 2.0 and how it will put an

unbearable financial burden on homeowners and cost up to $7,000 or $8500. can you expand on that a little bit more? >> thank you for that question. st. carlos borders jefferson parish. we are a ten minute drive from metairie. what is interesting around these new policies. in jefferson, they are protected by a 100 year storm protection system. under the old nfif that played a role how much you paid for flood insurance. if you are not protected, you don't have that same risk. what we are seeing now, the policies are seeing huge hikes.

what we are seeing is that for new home policies. these policies that were traditionalbly maybe in an x zone -- for members who don't know, an x zone is an area considered to have very little to no flooding risk. usually mean you are a higher elevation. we are seeing policies in those areas that were around $500 now as high as $3500. a huge jump. what happens is when people are planning to build a house, myself included, you can't plan for this change and you ends up paying tens of thousands of dollars in insurance and it becomes unaffordable. we would love for fema to come back to the table and work with us on this issue because right now this policy is threatening to stop further expansion in this region and for existing policies, they are going to start going up. >> basically what you are talking about is the difficulty in navigating the federal government, agencies within the federal government? >> yes. you know, it's really incredibly hard to navigate these -- the federal government because they

are looking at things through different lenses. i mentioned in my testimony the paradox between fema and the corps of engineers. i mentioned a $1.5 billion levee project risk reduction system. on one hand the corps is saying this $175 billion investment is worth it. it has a return of investment over 50 years at $50 million a year. fema is saying there is going to be nobody to protect because we are going to force people out of this area. so it is incredibly hard not only to navigate just the permitting and the environmental regulations around these projects but also to have fema on top of it making unaffordable policies on our residents. >> real quick, i have got about a minute left. in your testimony you mention nuclear technology in st. charles parish. in georgia we are working to get reactors. two reactors under construction in the united states right now. can you talk about the benefits of nuclear energy as part the

overall strategy for a clean energy future? >> nuclear has to be a part of the energy mix. we have nuclear power in my parish, next door we have two others. they come in and help in times of high demand. i just find this stat fascinating. one uranium fuel pellet, about the size of a pencil eraser is enough to replace one ton of coal, it has the same energy capacity as one ton of coal, 149 gallons of oil, or 17,000 cubic feet of natural gas. waterford three is in my parish. it produces 1.1 mega watts of carbon-free energy. enough to power 750,000 homes. if we want to meet our energy needs you need that carbonfree base load generation of nuclear

to have a robust energy economy. >> thank you very much. i yield back. thank you. i am pulling for you. >> next up, congresswoman bonaveachi, you are recognized for five minutes. >> thank you to all of our witnesses, we appreciate your testimony and your expertise. i want to start by noting, especially in response to some of dr. augustine's testimony that yesterday in the committee on science based in technology we heard from noaa, department of energy, nasa and the gao specifically about their adaptation and resilient strategies including their inner-agency collaboration and the use of climate data in agency planning implementation and outreach. and i just want to put that on the record because there is a lot of connection with what we are talking about today. dr. hansen, i wanted to mention when we do this work we think about our children, our own

children, and also future generations. my son who now 33 was born just two months after james hansen, i don't know if you are related, then with nasa, testified on the hill raising the alarm about anthropogenic climate change in 1988. he raises that alarm back then. we need significantly boldser and more effective efforts to help communities respond to the climate crisis. successful adaptation efforts need to be specific also incorporating the lessons learned a the state local federal and international levels and information sharing is essential. dr. augustine, how can congress leverage federal resource examines knowledge to what communities on the ground need when it comes to climate change resilience development. >> uh-huh thank you for that question. there are some options for

congress to be helpful here. i think that there is a role that the local -- the local levels are looking for some appropriations to get started. i think that there is a lot of interest getting federal funds in and getting applications and proposals written. but in some cases, the capacity is missing. and so it's very enlightening to see the justice 40 initiative come through that some of this money is targeted to the historically marginalized communities. but there is -- there is a need for some i would call it almost like start-up money. not every community can afford the big consulting firms to get a really good proposal in. and so if there is some -- if there are some funds that are made available for communities

to be able to build that capacity and connect their needs with some of the big federal resources that are available, i think that would be a really big start. >> that's a great suggestion. >> and i think that the last thing is just to really encourage some sort of coordination across these federal programs. i mean like you mentioned there is noaa and nasa and all of these pieces. >> great, great. >> it can be confusing and overwhelming. >> i don't want to cut you off but i want to try to get another question in. >> yes. >> we know that -- this is going to be for dr. solecki, the populations hardest hit by the climate crisis and the greatst adaptation challenges are those that the greatest marginalization, we know that climate change symptoms such as extreme heat and drought overly affect black and brown and low engine communities. if effective planning does not at for inequities, how can that lead to maladaptation. i want to note that in portland last year it was 116 degrees.

in answering this question, please use extreme heat as a starting point. >> sure. thank you for the question. the immediate response, which goes back to the comment made earlier about climate change being the risk multiplier. in these communities, marginalized or more vulnerable communities, the risk climate change is up in concatenate with other risks that we see. in truth, that's how they -- there is a perception that there are multiple sort of questions and threats sort of facing these communities. with respect to maladaptation, oftentimes we find adaptive strategies like urban greening

and sort of enhancing quality of life in cities in some cases lead to a green gentrification or sometimes defined as climate gentrification where communities, neighbors become more desiring and in urn the, higher rents, higher represents, and then dislocation. these are just one example that you see with respect to maladaptation and heat mitigation. >> that's very helpful. looks like i am just about out of time. i yield back. thank you, madam chair. >> thank you, at this point due to votes on the floor we will take a recess of ten minutes so folks with vote on this motion to adjourn. then we are going to come back and try to keep going before the next rounds of votes. committee is in recess. committee will come back to order. at this time, i will recognize the ranking member for five minutes for questions. >> thank you madam chair. madam chair i want to respond to your comment earlier about the russian oil ban. you are right, there is a bill on the floor that was -- i think i saw on it at 1:38 a.m. along with the text that's 17 pages. there is probably about 5,000 pages of text that was dropped last night at 1:30 a.m. that we are going to be voting on today that appropriates approximately a gazillion dollars that no one has read. and that bill -- so let's talk about, give or take a little bit.

let's talk about those two things real quick. number one on russian oil bans. i have proposed amendments to bills in the transportation committee, the natural resources committee to ban russian oil thousand for about three years. every democratic on the committee opposed that legislation. we are going to shut it down now. we are going to ban russian now because it is politically popular. because what happened was rather than producing energy domestically we instead last year nearly tripled the importation of russian crude oil into the united states. nearly tripled it. which then funded effectively putin's aggression in ukraine. the last time that putin invaded ukraine was crimea. that was back when we were similarly in a democratic administration and similarly dependent upon russian oil at a peak level. there is trend there, madam chair. so what we are going to do now is we are going to ban it, but ban it absent any strategy to backfill. for the people that don't do this on a daily basis, russian oil is a heavier oil.

you can't take light oil and send it to a heavy refinery. you can't make some of the products that you make from heavy oil with light oil. there is no backfill strategy. yes, prices are going to go up. yes, this was totally, totally preventable and it is a result of failed or really just no energy strategy. now let's go over to the 5,000 page appropriations bill. president jewell you represent st. charles parish, grounds zero of some of the incredible devastation from hurricane ida. let me see if i remember this right. on september 30th we appropriated funds for 2021 disasters including hurricane ida. about a month after the storm. to date, to date, not one penny of the funds has even been

allocated, which simply announces how much of it is going to go to louisiana for hurricane ida. after they announce the allocation, they then have to do a federal register notice that sits out there. then an action plan on how you are going to spend the funds. the action plan has to be considered and reviewed. then you can potentially start al kating funds. let's put it in perspective n the 2016 flood disaster $177 billion was appropriated over five years ago. to date, $1.7 billion. less than $700 million of it has been allocated to flood victims. the bill, the 5,000 pages includes zero additional funds for hurricane ida victims, the democratic governor of louisiana asked for $3.5 billion in funds. how does it make you feel when we are giving funds to haiti, humanitarian funds but giving nothing to people you represent? >> we definitely support the funding going towards ukraine. but it is definitely important,

since we are still in the midst of recovery in louisiana, people in temporary housing, still trying to fix their homes that we get the funding necessary to rebuild, build back in a way that's going to be more resilient than in the past. we have hospitals that still have temporary roofs on them. government buildings that have temporary fixes that are waiting to fully recover. >> you and i met with president biden. i want to be clear, i appreciate the president working with us on the first round of funding and in terms of helping us get an appropriations bill but no funds have been allocated or made available to the people. this will hearing is about resilience. st. charles parish is eligible for go mesa aid, aid that is tied directly to energy

production. when this administration refuses to do a lease sale despite court orders at one point refused to do a lease sale for additional offshore energy, i will reiterate, lowest emissions associated with domestic production. your parish doesn't get money forgo mesa. what are you required to use the go mesa funds for. >> they have to go towards things like coastal restoration which are impacted by things like climate change. right now st. carlos parish is leveraging the dollars we get to get a bond and work on projects that hare going to protect our residents. >> said another way, the lack of energy production, lack of following the law and doing the lease sales makes your parish more vulnerable at a time when they are trying to recover. fascinating. madam chair i am out of time. i think it is important to note the relationships there. i want to thank president jewell and i have questions for you on risk rating 2.0 and the representation of our constituents. thank you for your efforts in leading and fighting that flood

policy. >> i find myself trying to imagine every american woke up and the got hit in the head with a hammer. if that happened, we should probably stop hitting people in the the head with hammers. altertively, we could invest in helmet technology you are deal ing with the consequences of climate change and flood insurance and all the things you have to grapple with. i have a lot of sympathy with my friend, mr. graves because he represents a district where the economy depends on hammer manufacturing. that's really hard. we have got to grapple with that. but i want to focus on the helmet. because that was the subjects of your testimony. the ipcc report that recently came out described climate change as i think they said the rate of climate change is outpacing our ability to adapt. the noaa report that just came

out said we have two feet of sea level rise on the gulf coast by 2050. i am curious, you are sitting there as the president of your parish, how many of the homes of your parish are within two feet of sea level? >> i don't have that number off the top of my head but we have a fair number of homes that are close to sea level or just above. >> so if i was to move to st. charles parish tomorrow and try to get a 30-year mortgage -- because by 2050, you know, by 2050 that mortgage is not going to be fully paid off. could i get a 30-year mortgage if i was to move there? >> you would. but you probably wouldn't be able to afford your flood insurance. >> who is take the risk of that mortgage? because if you know it is going to be under water in 30 years, who is holding that paper? >> the banks.

>> fanny and freddie or the commercial banks? >> commercial banks. there is active lending going on in st. charles parish and coastal environments because we have made investments to protect us. but what we are seeing is inaction because of the hurdles we have to jump through. >> do you carry much debt? >> no. >> if you wanted to go out and get long-term paper if you have a road you need to build where the cost of recovering that bond is going to be i don't understand 30 years can you get that debt? >> absolutely. we just don't a bond against our go mesa revenues custom i think is a 30-year payment as well. that's going into things like coastal restoration and flood protection and things like that. >> okay. well, there was a cftc report that came out under the trump administration last year that looked at how financial risk was rippling through our financial sector. and they found that the -- they echoed the point that the commercial banks are writing those mortgages but putting them

onto funny and freddie. when i asked fed chair powell if they were changing their risk policies, he said no, but they should. i everything i know about finances, is it depends on financial asymmetry. if you sit around a poker table, if you can't spot the fish, you better leave the poker table because you are the fish. what that report found, the more likely you are in a flood prone region the moriclikecally the commercial banks are to offload to fanny and freddie. the failure to remove the hammer is us causing the taxpayers to invest more in helmets. the fear i have, i think it goes to what all of our witnesses are talking about, if we don't think about taking a way the hammers, the if we only focus on the helmets we simply don't have enough money. right? at some point we are going to have horrible conversations and the people who are going to lose are going to be the fish. right? the financial sector is going to move.

and we have to the focus on getting rid of those hammers. and i understand that pain. from a political perspective, with the time we have left, help us understand what happens to you if you don't get the money to invest in those helmets. if you have no choice but to tell people, all i can do is abandon the profession of this road. i can't rebuild that school. we can't -- we simply want protect that home. what happens to you politically? >> i think it is important to know that louisiana has a plan. we have a coastal master plan that is a 50-year plan. that is rooted in science to rebuild our coast. what we need -- what we need is, a investment in coastal restoration projects which right now comes from the funding of go mesa. the counter continental shelf revenues. that is the only consistent funding source for our coastal plan. so an investment in that, and things like the rise act will

increase that go mesa revenue share and they will also give us a portion of offshore wind lease sales when they becomes vie number the gulf of mexico. so having that funding source is what we need. we need to increase that funding source. but we also need to eliminate those regulatory hurdles so we can start doing these projects now because we are losing over a football field of land every hour. >> thank you. i am out of time. when i look at the sea level rise we know is coming most of louisiana south of i-10 is under water. and i want to make sure our next redistrict can go cycle mr. graves is still here and it is not under water. >> i have also been concerned with changes in flood insurance is an incertainty. but the numbers are not accurate. no policy will increase in one

year at the rates of 460 to $7,000 or 9,000 in one year because there are caps in the law that prevent these big jumps in cost. i am very concerned. i have a coastal district. so we checked it out. the new price methodology and risk rating 2.0 implemented by fema and nfib would help decrease confused insurance premiums because it is based on risk and property than zones. in my district, 76% of policy holder premiums would decrease or remain stable under the new risk rating 2.0, in ranking member graves's district the information we have is that 29.5% of policy holder premiums would decrease or remain stable under 2.0 with estimated decreases in premiums totaling $13 million for single family households.

the source the fema nfid -- >> will the gentlewoman yield? >> for a second. >> thank you. i want to be clear. a preferred risk policy right now, between 5 and $00 a year. as of october 1st, new purchases or new policies, if you have a home right now paying 560, and it is sold, the new purchasers will go to the numbers i cited. you are correct that as of april 1st under the second phase of the program, that is when existing policy increases begin moving up. and yes, there is a rate cap of 18% a year. you are going to continue moving toward that higher number. just to be clear, my statement was entirely correct because number one those who are subject to the 18% cap on april 1st her going to move to that $7,000, $9,000 figure. second, those who had a purchase or a new policy, they will

immediately jump to the new figure. there is not a rate cap per year. yield back. >> next up. we are going to go to mr. hoffman. you are recognized for five minutes. >> thank you, madam chair. so, look, before i get into my questions let me just say that my colleague from louisiana is a good person, a good member of congress. i consider him a friend. but it is hard, it is hard to listen to this well travelled speech he has been giving on energy and putin and related matters. it is not because he's right. it's because he's wrong. and strong is wrong is still wrong. sanctimonious and wrong is still wrong. extreme fossil fuel dependency is how we got into this mess. both the climate crisis and putin's war, and a whole bunch of wars before that. doubling down on decades of new fossil fuel dependency cannot be the answer. and i agree with my colleague

that simply pivoting to petro fascists in venezuela or iran makes no sense. we can at least agree on that. but neither does locking in decades of new fossil fuel dependency on the united states and other oil producers at a time when we have a climate crisis and when that response is going to make she is quite profitable for the next petro fascist. as soon as this conflict is over vladimir putin goes back to getting rich and having the resources to be a global thug or any number of other unsavory regimes that have done the same thing. we have got to get off this treadmill. it's not working for us. frankly, if you are serious about confronting vladimir putin, don't just repackage the same agenda that the oil and gas industry has been pushing for these past few years. it's not like they were serious about standing up to putin. they have actually been in bed with putin.

over in russia profitteering and developing russian oil and gas so much so they can barely figure out how to disentangle themselves from russian oil and gas right now in a sanctions regime. let's be serious. by the way, one of putin's dear friends was our secretary of state under the lasted a regime -- last administration. seemed like a regime. we need to talk about resiliency. we can keep it focused on the coast. right there in louisiana. that is ground zero. california has no good answer to sea level rise and extreme weather. they are going to be dealing whether they like it or not with managed retreat. we can talk about places in alaska and lots of other parts of the country. but mr. jewell, your area is as good as any because you are really the tip of spear.

i guess if we could keep extreme weather and sea level rise from getting a lot worse maybe, through all of these restoration strategy asks restoring the function of the mississippi river delta and getting back those coastal wetlands, and barrier islands and mangroves and everything else, maybe we could stop the loss of all that land that you described and maybe get some of it back for the good people of st. charles parish and other parts of louisiana. and i am very interested in working with you on that, and mr. graves on that. but what if we don't stop the hemorrhaging? what if we do see two more feet of sea level rise by mid ken -- mid century. what if we continue to set off carbon bombs by increasing our dependency on fossil fuels. i read an article by general honoree in the "new york times." he talked about it's not just the bp oil spill and if most recent hurricane, there were all

sorts of incidents from the infrastructure. are we going to double down on that and expect more ecological damage let alone the loss of lands? that's my question for each of you. what if we can't stop it from getting worse? what if we double down on all of this fossil fuel infrastructure? what's going to happen to that part of louisiana and other areas of the gulf coast? >> what happens if it doesn't -- if we can't stop it from getting worse? there are -- that's a great question. it is the question that we have before us. i would have to say that we

kinda of have to do two things at the same time right now. there are problems today that need solving. and we can't -- we can't divert all of our attention away from those because people are here right now. at the same time, we do have to look down the road. we have to get past our myopia and think about these questions you are asking, what does it look like on the coasts with two feet of sea level rise? and what happens to those people who are living there? and so i think that just very quickly because i can see that the clock is going the wrong way. on the coast, we do have to talk about either reinforcements or we have to talk about movement of people. this is a very loaded topic, and it's very emotionally fraught. this is something that -- that is part of the tool kit. and as far as the infrastructure, there is so much infrastructure in the gulf of mexico for example from the oil

and gas enterprise. a lot of it is legacy. a lot of it is abandoned. then there is a new stuff coming. so there is a big pipeline, no pun intended that we have to work both ends of that. there is a lot of work to be done. >> thank you. >> thank you, congressman, for the question. in the case of coastal louisiana and the sediment starves estuaries that we have, if we do nothing as far as coastal restoration and flood protection goes, then, you know, our coastline continues to wash away into the sea since it has since the 1930s when the corps of engineers leveed off the mississippi river. that's why it is incredibly important that we invest now in measures that are going to rebuild the coast. again, our coastal master plan in louisiana which is a $50 billion 50-year plan is rooted in science, and it is rooted around louisiana's economy. so i think that investing in that type of plan, restoring that coastline, protecting those shorelines is what we can do now

while we look to reach some of our future goals. >> next, you're recognized for five minutes. >> i thank the gentle lady from florida and the witness appearing today. i've been in contact with people in ukraine on a zoom call at three of these. we're having this discussion about resilience here. and last september there was an article that came out about how europe's energy policies and our policies has given putin the upper hand. that was in october of last year. and i just want to point out to my colleagues on this committee. you're having this discussion about the dangers we face from the inflated view of climate

disasters. and you're really good on inflation. but there's more killed in two weeks in ukraine. because of these policies than died in the united states in any natural disaster from 2010 to 2020. i wonder your ideas we should have been presenting to ukraine in terms of resilience. you talk about structural damage in the united states. building losses, other infrastructure losses because of natural disasters and you are watching and live television cities being levelled in ukraine because of the asinine, short sided, ineffective energy

policies of this country. particularly this administration. and this congress. i just wonder what we should be saying to the people of ukraine. >> it's incredibly important in what we're seeing in ukraine. it's important now to not do an about face. oil and gas is going to be a part of our energy mix now and for years to come. we're only seeing the demand go up. so we should be showing the world what needs to be done to invest in an all the above strategy and show the world what a robust energy economy looks like by investing in thungs like nuclear and renewables and continuing with what we know how to do. the people in louisiana are experts after taking oil and gas out of the ground with the best standards in the world.

and people who are not allies of ts united states pick up that slack. >> there are now over 2 million refugees from ukraine. flooding the borders of poland to escape this disaster inflicted upon them. it's a numb of things. i'm not so naive to think that poout might not have tried this, but he certainlien wouldn't have the resources that he has today to carry out this invasion against ukraine. i won't out and more people died in two weeks in ukraine than died in the entire world from natural disasters in 2020. and pick any random person in the world in the 1920s and there was a .01% chance of dying due to an extreme weather event. today in 2020, that's pbt 00025%.

yet we're so wrapped around the axle about this that it's blinded us us. one of my colleagues mentioned the predictions for these disasters. i'll just read one prediction to you. the greenhouse effect will december late the north american with horrific drought causing food riots. nebraska would dry up. while a black blizzard will stop traffic on interstates. do you agree that's going to happen? >> you're asking me a very hard question. i have no problem saying i'm not really sure. but i would say on your fatality

statistics we have come a long way in a good way on reducing natalties to extreme weather. and that is a good thing. i think it says a the lot about how far we have come that we are now measuring our losses in terms of assets. >> i have enjoyed your testimony because i think you're a serious person. and i commend you for it. and that was a prediction. and madame chair, i would like to introduce into the record a list of 107 catastrophic predictions that haven't come true. >> we'll take that and review it and dispose of the motion at the bd of the hearing. thank you. >> thank you so much. thank you for this hearing. as we talk about and clearly

that's what we're going to talk about mostly today in this hearing, we talk about the crisis that we're facing in ukraine with the madman who has decided to invade a democracy and a friend. and we talk about the oil dependency that we have had as a country. somebody mentioned word history. let's take a look at history. the fact that we are still so dependent and even addicted to fossil fuels and no one is talking about how that's been the problem. some of of the same people are some of the same people who have stood in the way of our ability to advance sustainable forms of energy.

and if we had had led the way decades ago as we should have, we would not be in this position where are debating these issues. and one of my colleagues mention migration and refugees and asylum folk who is are -- i'm sorry, if you don't mind, i can't hear myself think with your talking. thank you. i live on the u.s./mexico border and represent texas. and we have seen a record number of refugees, many of them driven by the climate crisis. and so we can talk about a multitude of problems that are fuelled by our addiction to fossil fuels and the answer is not to drill more. the answer is to finally work together, and i hope that we come to a point where democrats

and republicans alike can work together on renewable energy so we can finally end this addiction that is at the root of so many of our problems. while some of my colleagues want to continue to focus on more drilling, in my community, we don't have that luxury. we are facing record generational drought that is eliminating our green valleys. we are living with record heat that is killing people. so i tonight know how we're measuring death and how we're measuring success, but i think all we need is common sense to see that the impact is deadly and we need to act. so in my community, we're working on drafting a framework. i brought together stakeholders who are going to help put together a framework for all our local entities, the public sector, private sector, on how we begin to find a solution as

we go forward in our own community. in the absence of real action on capitol hill. and these climate action plans are really important, but they are expensive and they are hard. so dr. hanson, i'm going to ask you a question. actually, we are working on this framework, as i mentioned in my community and my district that will help be a road map, a guide for all folks who are wanting to confront the reality ahead of us instead of arguing about whether or not we should increase our dependency on fossil fuels. how has the program or how have your programs the at ecoadapt helped environmental justice communities? i mentioned how expensive these plans are. i live in a disadvantaged community. what are some of the policies that we need to enact in order

to continue helping communities like mine so they can manage their risks and adaptation and ensure that they are acting as quickly as possible. >> thank you, representative. this is such an important issue. and at the heart of the points that i brought up earlier. this is why we need national climate. we need a way to get resources and training to members of all communities, especially communities that are dramatically underresourced, especially communities where there are disproportionate number of people who will be adversely affected. coupled with that, again, has to be our ability to have a national adaptation plan. where we recently said on things with more resilient and better prepared for climate change. that combination of things will ensure that every of action we take going forward is an action that is preparing us for the realities of climate change.

as was said, stopping to make hammers that are causing us damage. so if we can have those two pieces, we can provide regular, steady, across the board resources to every of community in the united states. because right now, most communities in the united states do not have the resources, the technical skills, or the bandwidth to make this happen. i worked in communities where quite frankly having an americorps volunteer creates their entire capacity to take on this issue. and that's not a lot of help. it's the very short period of help. but having that person who can be the leader to ask the questions. if that were supported by all the other tools i talked about could really move us forward in a more consistent way. right now, well off communities have a better chance of having the resources to hire the staff they need, have access to the

data and access to the resources to make the changes. but if every dollar we were spending is being spent on things that were climate ready opposed to we're climate agnostic, we would be doing a better job. >> thank you so much. i yield back. >> thank you very much, members and thank you to our witnesses for their outstanding testimony today. with without objection, i'd like to enter into the record first the march 2022 letter from the union of science outlining recommendations to the select committee on ways congress can help advance climate adaptation and resilience. second, a february 2022 report of the panel on climate change working group impacts, adaptation and vulnerability summary, which summarized the report findings and the policy recommendations to address the impacts of climate change on ecosystems, bio diversity and reviews the vulnerabilities, capacities and limits of the

natural world and human societies to adapt. third, february 2022 report by the national sea level rise and coastal flood hazard scenarios and tools entitled "global and regional sea level rise scenarios for the united states", which analyzed scenarios up to 2150 and flood exposure to current conditions for the next 30 years. a january 2022 report by oliver wing, inequitable patterns which examine current flood risk under the increasing threat climate change. a february 2022 report by the u.n. environment program titled "spreading like wildfire."

which analyzed how climate change are making wildfires worse across the globe and how the world can better adapt and minimize the risk of wildfires. finally, there's been a lot of discussion of fema's national flod insurance changes, so i will ask that femas's press release from april 2021 announcing the changes is included in the the record. >> i object. >> okay. >> madame chair, i have never heard of a committee not allowing documents to be submitted in the record by unanimous consent until this committee did it last year, i believe. there was -- i'm objecting to everything. you just held mr. palmer's -- >> i was about to -- >> if you accept his, then without objection. >> i was about to. >> when you wanted to take a look at it because we asked everyone if they can submit it.

>> i apologize. >> that's fine. things come up. things come up during the hearing, but we just need a moment to look at it. so we're also asking unanimous consent for mr. palmer's letter. i just say as the other items included in the record as our witnesses testified today, the recent report, there's a lot of current climate science for folks to examine. the consensus is clear. it is deep that action is urgent. there is a rapidly closing window. and i urge everyone, rather than point to decades ago, to lock at what is right in front of us.

the world's top scientists and america's technological edge gives us ts ability to look at that. so thanks, everybody. >> will the gentle lady yield? >> i will yield for a moment. >> my friend from california who came down to st. charles patriciaish and went on an air bus tour, he mentioned a few things that it's worth getting balanced news and information into the record. he said fossil fuel dependency is a problem. the biden administration said that developing countries are going to need between 44 and 80% increase in natural gas. developed countries are going to need between 31 and -- 31 to 58% for developed countries. they said you're going to see an increased demand in global energy of 50% over the next 28 years. so i, too, and i have told you this before. i too would love to make

everything magically run on pix sit dust. i would. but right now, that's not possible. the biden administration says it. so we have shown before that if we stop producing all that happens that other countries produce and they do it with greater emissions. we can't go day vise strategies designed on nothing. we cant do that. so madame chair, you just spoke for two minutes without any recognition. i'm asking for the same courtesy. >> we're going to have order and then i'm going to adjourn. i'm going to give you a bit longer, but please wrap it up. >> every member, every democrat member of this committee voted against banning russian oil. >> will the gentleman yield from the time he doesn't have? >> the only president in recent

time or over the last five that's reduced emissions is president trump. not president biden. so we've got to stop talking about all these things that are actually doing the opposite of what makes sense for the environment. and folks are out there doubling and tripling things that contribute to energy and greater emissions. california and the european union are two perfect examples of flawed strategies. >> may i? >> go ahead and take a moment. we're going to wrap it up. >> thank you. you have been very gracious and patient. my friend from louisiana maybe forgets i'm on the same committees as hum, so the amendments that he describes as a ban on russian oil, i know they were not that. they were trap door amendments that would have stopped some clean energy initiative until someone completed a study of how it helped vladimir putin. they were gimmicks. the gentleman has never introduced a straight up ban on russian oil. but today he will have a chance

to vote on one. so that's the good news. if he's interested in it. let's do it. and describing clean energy as big foots and unicorns and pointing to some hypothetical demand for fossil fuel in the developing world, forgets the fact that clean energy is the fastest growing source of new energy in the world on the economics of it. this is not big foots and unicorns. and i have told the gentleman that we could talk to experts and there's a demand for more fentanyl. >> all right. >> gentlemen thank you all for a robust debate. i look forward to the next committee hearing. thank you again to our witnesses for our hearing in confronting climate impacts and the federal strategies for equitable adaptation. the committee is adjourned.

at least six presidents recorded conversations between in office.

hear many of those conversations on c-span's new podcast presidential recordings. >> season one focuses on lyndon johnson. you'll hear about the 1964 civil rights act, the presidential campaign, the gulf incident, the march on selma, and the war in vietnam. not everyone knew they were being recorded. >> certainly, johnson's secretaries knew because they were tasked with transcribing many of those conversations. in fact, they were the ones who made sure that the conversations were taped, as johnson would signal to them through an open door between his office and theirs. >> you'll also hear some blunt talk. >> i want a report of the number of people assigned to kennedy on me the day he died and the number assigned to me now, and if mine are not less, i want them less right quick. if i can't ever go to the bathroom, i won't go. i promise you i won't go

anywhere. i will stay behind these black gates. >> presidential recordings, find it on the c-span now mobile app or wherever you get your podcasts. first ldies in thinker own words, our eight-part series looking at the role of the first lady, their time in the white house, and the issues important to them. >> it was a great advantage to know what it was like to work in school. education is such an important issue, both for a governor, but also for president. so that was very helpful to me. >> using materials from c-span's award winning biography series first ladies. >> i'm very much the cooped of person who believes you say what you mean and mean what you say and take the consequences. >> and c-span's online video library. we'll feature first ladies, bet

if i ford, roselynn carter, nancy reagan, hillary clinton, laura bush, michelle obama and melania trump. watch first laies in their own words, saturdays at 2:00 p.m. eastern on "american history tv." or listen to the series as a podcast on the c-span now free mobile app or wherever you get your podcasts. there are a lot of places to get political information. but only at c-span do dwrou get it straight from the source. no matter where you're from or where you stand on the issues c-span is america's network. unfiltered, unbiassed, word for word. if it happens here or here or here or anywhere that matters, america is watching on c-span. powered by cable.

all this month, watch the top 21 winning videos from our c-span student cam video documentary competition. every morning before washington journal, we'll air one of our student cam winners whose documentary told us how the federal government impacted their lives. you can watch all the winning student cam document ris any time online at studentcam.org. the heads of the u.s. northern and southern commands testified about southern defense, the influence of russia and china, north korean missile tests and the 2023 budget requests. this senate articled services committee is about two hours.