started working there, but he simply loved russia, he loved bashkiria, where he worked, i think they liked him there too, they gave him a bear, nicknamed mishka, and they drove around the city in their ford, the bear sat and drove around the city with him, by april 1922. the colonel

was, well, he was an honorary chairman of the city executive committee, elected, as is known, so, as is known, they showed him a high honor.

in the village, of course, there were no animals, they had all already eaten them. the policeman whispered: we need to lock it up, they steal. in the village they guard cemetery, so that the corpses would not be dragged out of the graves. the ringing of the church bell broke the silence of the dying village. this distress signal of a mad peasant in the very depths of the russian land was heard. it crossed the ocean, reached the hearts of the great american nation and brought.

something to at least feed on from the gpu report buzuluk district winter 1922. reached terrible proportions. the peasantry ate all the surrogates, cats, dogs, at the present time they eat the corpses of the dead, digging them out of the graves. in pugachev and bozuluk districts multiple cases of cannibalism were discovered. but they expected a mortality rate of over 50% of the population, the mortality rate reached 21-22%. exactly. this collapse did not happen thanks to the aid that was sent to the buzuluk district, and here i want to say, the quakers played a key role, of course, for them buzuluk, where they first helped refugees from the first

world war from 1916 to 1918, was a territory that was very close to them. the fact that this religious organization, in fact, in the twentieth year little who was confused, since the quakers declared that they were not going to convert anyone to their faith, well, besides, a knowledgeable person understands that the quaket religion, such a thing as prasilitism is absent, from the memoirs of a resident of the city of buzlu, from foreigners they stretched out first of all.

dances, they brought food, some people brought it, they believe that this food is from god, that god sent it to us, that was the perception. report: buzuluk municipal archive. english group of the society of friends, quakers, fed 260,384 people. the american group, residence village sorochinskoye, fed 137,339 people. we are now in the kvakinsky meetinghouse and. you see how simple the environment is here, there are no luxury items here and never were, money was naturally collected, to this day it exists - in the traditions of british culture, an appeal to citizens with a request for help, all these calls for help, they

found a response, we are talking about hundreds of thousands of pounds sterling, this is a hundred years old, that is these are colossal amounts of money, in addition to the fact that people gave cash donations, also...

the shadows that slip past the windows of our office, these are people who come and barely audibly raise their voices, and the fact that we have to turn away from this seems like the highest bestiality, but what can you do, feed everyone and let hundreds die, people abandoned their children in the hope that these children would be saved by foreigners, that is, the picture was completely.

was heterogeneous, but there were a lot of women there who simply worked courageously, especially this autumn and winter of 1921-22. they froze, they also suffered from diseases, you understand, they had to save people, travel dozens of miles to remote villages, set up food points there, set up medical points, how they endured such difficulties that a man cannot always endure, this still remains a mystery to us. tiv was the cause of the death of two quakers, one of them died.

in our bloody and at the same time heroic era, there are people who, regardless of their class views, are guided exclusively by humane motives of inner nobility. when the russian people become a little richer, they will erect, and we are deeply convinced of this, a great monument to these fallen heroes. foreign missions had to fight not only hunger, but also epidemics. almost 10 million people were vaccinated, in 3 years alone the macaw provided medical assistance to almost 20 million people,

when american inspectors came to inspect hospitals and clinics, felcher stations, they were literally horrified, the doctors had nothing to wear, they cut and performed operations with rusty instruments, so the most important, critical simply for overcoming this terrible situation was american medical assistance, without it we would not have coped. of course, moreover, the americans even brought here a dental chair and material, say for dentists, beds, for hospitals there were pajamas, towels , hot water bottles, thermometers, but most importantly, in the spring of 1922 they carried out vaccinations against typhus, first of all, against cholera, in some places against malaria and others diseases, under the terms of provision...

hey, i, zhany, bagym, beloved, you have tied a stone to my soul, my father's daffodils filled me with angry tears, guilt for the tears shed, only parting with you.

the ural regions began to ask for. assistance in overcoming the food problem already in the twenty-first year, already in the autumn of the twenty -first these telegrams from the ural provinces, from the chelyabinsk provinces, from ufa, from orenburg, they already flew to the center one after another, already in the winter of 21 the first cases of cannibalism in these regions were recorded in the year, but officially,

for example, the chelyabinsk district was recognized as starving only in the twenty-second, from the reports. in troitsk, the home for juvenile delinquents is a nightmarish picture: starving children are engaged in conversations about how many times they participated in cannibalism. a notable feature of troitsk, specifically the district, is that even according to the gpu, this region was almost entirely fed by the american aid administration. that is, apparently, the government pomgol he could not. distribute its resources there, in troitsk district there was simply not enough, in the city five canteens were opened, only in troitsk, and another 15 canteens were opened in the district, by may twenty-second year several more smaller kitchens were being prepared for opening in various small settlements of the region, 65% of the population was starving here, the american

congress decided to allocate approximately 20 million dollars. for the purchase of grain, in this case corn from their farmers, well for adults canteens were not opened, they simply handed out grain, adults had to grind it themselves, prepare something like porridge, stew, maybe soup, and so on, well, the truth is that the product was completely unknown and it was often the case that they ate this raw grain or undercooked and as a result - died, but nevertheless, this corn helped a huge number of people survive. by the end of november 1921 , nine canteens were opened in orenburg, the capital of the then kirghiz autonomous socialist republic hara.

on all roads one could see murderous terrible. 922 years, the case took place, respectively, in the twenty-second year, the cheka arrested a young man, alexander sudarev, who was brought to court by the tribunal for theft of socialist property, that is , up to this point the story is boring, banal and i would even say ordinary, but if not for some other,

the proof of his guilt was a diary, and this also cannot be an exception, but the diary was in the evening in the kitchen he prepared dinner in my universal pot, i put in it a pound of sausages and a pound of cabbage baked in flour, and before going to bed, i drank another bottle of milk, ate a piece of bread with smoked sausage and took a light drag on smoking . alexander sudarev was about 26 years old, he was from the bugurslan district, a samara agronomist at that time, he miraculously managed to get out of there, get to orenburg, here he was actually lucky, he got a job, he was assigned an assistant, a certain andrei lenshin, younger 25 years old, also from the peasants, they, he and he perform a certain function, that is, every day trains

with sowing grain arrived at the orenburg station, they took a sample from there, from each bag about two pounds, g of grain, i can voice this order, 900 began to take five, that is, this is already somewhere around 2 and a half kilos from each bag, and considering that there could be up to 300 bags in a train, and there could be several trains a day, then in general it is understandable that the grain the guys became... more and more, they still sold, he has poems where he himself admits that how is it possible, people are dying of hunger in the villages, and i live here like a siborite, he writes, my life is flowing beautifully, i live like... he says: money is in my pocket, i am shod, clothed, well-fed, i drink tea at home, with bread, meat sausage, i have lunch in the living room during the day, i eat aspic stroganoff, i go to a restaurant after lunch to drink milk, i drink

sweet coffee, sometimes i drink alcohol wine, that's where we come across a serious situation regarding what seemed to exist two, two levels of hunger, usually so to speak from the world from the general cataclysm everyone suffers, here it turns out there was a certain selectivity. of course, but they fell under the amnesty in the central executive committee, received the weather of prison, but already in december of the twenty-second year were released early, based on their... worker of peasant origin. 1922. central committee of pomgol. radiogram. from a number of provinces up

the volga , famine refugees are sent in batches, for feeding and nutrition in non-starved areas. the central committee of pomgold proposes to inform the population in the broadest possible way about the futility of the eviction being undertaken. part of the population simply abandoned their homes, sold them for next to nothing, boarded them up. they left, many left for tashkent, left for other territories of russia that were not so affected by the famine and not all of them returned back, a million people from the volga region uprooted themselves and went to an unknown destination, abandoning absolutely everything, abandoning the fields that were overgrown with weeds, abandoning their homes, abandoning agriculture, they simply wandered in the hope find some source of either surrogates or... something else in order to survive, and this really is millions of hectares of scorched earth, and millions of people who have completely lost their bearings, just like they show the poor japanese after

hiroshima, when they get up and walk, i don’t understand what’s going on, the railway network in russia was very sparse, it got to the point that from ports, for example, and from grain-producing, so to speak, still relatively prosperous provinces, grain was even exported in passenger cars, because there was more. nothing and the situation in places acquired a completely absurd character, when in the starving volga region trains with grain accumulated, which could not be pulled away from the junction stations in order to deliver them to the necessary, to the necessary region. from april 1921, at the suggestion of lenin, the post of people's commissar of railways was occupied by felix zerzhinsky, simultaneously remaining the chairman of the cheka people's commissar of internal affairs. in november 1921, the representative of the soviet government of all foreign organizations to help the starving chekist alexander eiduk.

the americans themselves had great respect for dzhuzhinsky, because he really did ensure the safety of american products to some extent, and , being the people's commissar of railways, he contributed to the faster movement of food to those places, that is, which could be reached, say, by rail, and then in the summer by river. the relationship between the chekists and the americans was, of course, very complicated. colonel hal, head of the mission in moscow, he basically said the same thing, that it was possible to work with dzerzhinsky. then he added.

americans, for example, alexander eiduk, who worked very closely with heskel, often tried to do all sorts of tricks to interfere with heskel's work, then in places, in provincial cities, the authorities there very carefully monitored the actions of the americans, they frightened the russians who worked in offices with the americans, they were also often arrested. and it was required that they receive from these russian employees information, the americans really did turn to

the security officers for help in case of theft, but after that the security officers, for example, so zealously began to search the employees that some were forced to refuse, there was one moment when aleksandruk did everything to slow down the transport of food, and he wanted to act as if he was not doing it, he knew nothing about it.

it is not so possible, in principle it is necessary, because before us is an effective manager, what he did, red literary, organization transport, he did it, so to speak, conscientiously, he was quite a flexible person in this sense, and in managing transport, he, in fact, simply performed his functions, i do not see any contradiction here. on february 23, 1922, a decree was issued on the confiscation of church valuables to help the starving. at that time, the orthodox church had not yet moved away from its previous status as part of the state, so the authorities fought with it, as luckily a potential hostile state. the quakers, let's be honest, were aliens to us. i think they simply did not consider them a serious threat. it was very important

to show that not only. the church has great values ​​that the state confiscates to fight hunger, but the church hides these values, the church wants to strangle the soviet republic with the bony hand of hunger, as they wrote then. lenin, to politburo member molotov on march 19 , 1922. it is now, only now, when in the starving areas people are eaten, hundreds, if not thousands of corpses are lying on the roads. we can and therefore must, to carry out the confiscation of church valuables with the most furious, merciless energy, and not stopping before suppressing any resistance. when you read this letter, you get the feeling that it is not even about the valuables in the famine, but that the famine, and he writes about this right there, gives the opportunity to strike a new blow at the church, when hunger makes people half-mad, in this situation there will be no time for the church, even for those who

sympathize with the church.