The use of present and past participles and gerunds was summarized and illustrated from various examples cited or given, on the basis of the writer's teaching experience, and extensive review of different English grammar books, reference books, magazines, newspapers, books, English dictionaries, and online articles, in order for English language learners to further understand how to use them appropriately. The goal of this article is that it will serve as a guide for English language learners and their teachers.

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