>> pelley: tonight: the moment of the crash. new video shows an airliner careening into the runway at san francisco international. we learned today about a critical mistake made by the pilots. jeff pegues has the story. in a major change announced today, the f.d.a. will outlaw most antibiotics in beef, pork, and poultry. dr. jon lapook on the effect on american health. how did a man save his family stranded in subzero weather? john blackstone has details. >> he kept them alive and he kept them warm and my hat's off to him. >> pelley: and candidates for person of the year included edward snowden, dictator bashar al-assad, and pope francis. dean reynolds on "time" magazine's choice. choice.

captioning sponsored by cbs this is the "cbs evening news" with scott pelley. nsored by cbs this is the "cbs evening news" with scott pelley. >> pelley: good evening. the thought of it is frightening: the pilot of a jetliner with more than 300 people on board doubted that he had the ability to land the plane. that's what we learned today about the asiana 777 that crashed last summer at the san francisco airport. the pilot said he was worried about landing without the aid of the airport's instrument landing system which had been turned off because of construction. the national transportation safety board held a hearing today about the crash which killed three people and has raised questions about whether pilots have become too reliant on automated systems. transportation correspondent jeff pegues has the final moments of flight 214. >> reporter: this airport camera video released today by the n.t.s.b. shows a clear view of asiana airlines flight 214 as it strikes a sea wall short of the

runway, catches fire and is spun around nearly 360 degrees. a trainee captain was flying the 777 during its final approach to san francisco international. a more senior instructor pilot was next to him. in the final two minutes of the flight, a transcript of the cockpit voice recording shows a relief pilot in a cockpit jump seat warned the plane was descending too quickly. sync rate, sir, he called out. yes, sir, answered the trainee captain. but the conversation grew more frantic as an electronic system called out the declining altitude. 200 said the electronic voice. it's low, said one of the pilots. seconds later, the pilot's control sticks shook, a warning the plane was flying too slow to stay in the air. 40, said the system. 30. oh, expletive. the instructor pilot said go around. 20 said the system. go around said the trainee captain. it was too late. a second later the plane crashed.

the instructor pilot told n.t.s.b. investigators he expected the aircraft's computerized autothrottle system to maintain the proper speed but what none of the pilots realized was that they had inadvertently put the autothrottle on hold. n.t.s.b. chairman deborah hersman. >> we do have an issue in aviation that needs to be dealt with with respect to automation and performance when it comes to the interaction between the aircraft and the human being. we can always do better. >> reporter: the trainee captain told n.t.s.b. investigators that he was "very concerned" about making his first 777 landing at san francisco international airport without the help of a landing aid called a glide slope. it was not in service at the airport at the time, forcing him to make what's called a visual approach and that, for him-- and these are his words-- was a very stressful factor. scott? >> pelley: jeff pegues at reagan national outside washington. jeff, thanks very much. today the food and drug administration announced what

will be a major change in our food supply. the use of antibiotics will be rolled back in beef, pork, and poultry. the goal is to reduce the development of new drug resistant bacteria which now kill about 23,000 americans a year. here's dr. jon lapook. >> reporter: for decades, farmers have added antibiotics to animal feed to stimulate growth in poultry, cattle, and pigs. but the antibiotics have been overused and bacteria in the animals have become resistant to the drugs. eventually, these resistant bacteria have come into contact with humans. the f.d.a.'s mandate would eliminate over-the-counter use of antibiotics for the main purpose of boosting growth in healthy animals. antibiotics could only be used to treat or prevent disease and must be prescribed by a veterinarian. one consumer advocacy group estimates 80% of all antibiotics in this country are used in farm animals. dr. william schaffner is an infectious disease specialist with vanderbilt university.

>> the fewer antibiotics we use in our animal food the better it is for us because we infectious disease doctors are having a harder and harder time treating patients with important infections. >> reporter: the program is voluntary. the two main companies that produce animal feed that incorporates antibiotics have agreed to comply with the new guidelines. michael taylor is deputy commissioner of the f.d.a. >> it's really focusing on those antibiotics that are important in human medicine and in reducing the likelihood that disease-causing bacteria become resistant to these antibiotics and therefore are no longer effective in treating people. >> reporter: the f.d.a. said it expects the meat producers to comply. in a statement, the national pork producers council says: >> pelley: jon, what are the real-world implications of this problem? >> scott, they're enormous. in the last month alone i've had

two patients with potentially life-threatening infections that were resistant to antibiotics. fortunate there are powerful antibiotics that did the trick but these bugs are getting stronger and stronger and we're running out of options. >> pelley: dr. jon lapook. thank you, doctor. it sounded almost too good to be true when we told you last night that democrats and republicans agreed on a federal budget without driving the nation to edge of fiscal disaster. today, some conservative groups came out against that deal, but that drew a rare public rebuke from the republican leadership. nancy cordes asked the key question today and she's on capitol hill tonight. nancy? >> reporter: scott, what made republican leaders so angry was the fact that these powerful outside groups were once again urging republicans to vote against a fragile compromise that had been worked out by a party standard bearer who, in this case, just happens to be a possible presidential candidate in 2016. >> we feel very good at where we

are with our members. >> reporter: budget chair paul ryan met behind closed doors today with his fellow house republicans, working to sell them on a two-year spending deal that cuts the deficit by far less than they'd like, just $23 billion over ten years. but after a bruising government shutdown fight two months ago, many conservatives said they are ready to compromise. >> it's a small step in the right direction. >> i think it's a positive step forward. >> it's something we should support. >> reporter: that puts them at odds with groups that raise millions of dollars for conservative candidates. the club for growth said the plan was made up of budgetary smoke and mirrors. heritage action called the deal a step backwards. and both vowed to hold republicans accountable for their votes. that touched a nerve with house speaker john boehner. mr. speaker, most major conservative groups have put out statements blasting this deal. are you worried -- >> you mean the groups that came out and opposed it before they

ever saw it? >> reporter: yes, those groups. are you worried their opposition -- >> they're using our members and they're using the american people for their own goals. this is ridiculous. listen, if you're for more deficit reduction you're for this agreement. >> reporter: that frustration you heard has been building for a while among republican leaders who feel that these influential groups have been pushing conservatives to sink deal after deal. it doesn't look like that's going to happen when this comes to a vote tomorrow, scott, and many senate democrats say they will back the plan, too. >> pelley: you sure know how to get a rise out of the speaker. nancy, thank you very much. we gotten a update today from the white house on enrollments for health insurance under obamacare. in the first two months that federal and state exchanges were open more than 364,000 people chose policies, more than 800,000 found they were eligible for medicaid or federal subsidies to help them buy health insurance.

today the united states cut off nonlethal supplies to rebels fighting the assad dictatorship in syria. that decision was made after rebels with ties to islamic militants took over warehouses in northern syria where the u.s. supplies were kept. margaret brennan is at the state department for us tonight. margaret, what happened? >> reporter: well, scott, on friday a new rebel group that calls itself the islamic front seized control of warehouses full of communications gear, food, medical supplies and some ammunition and what concerns the u.s. government is that this new group wants to set up an islamist state and not a democratic one inside of syria. some of its members also, as you say, have ties to militant groups. >> pelley: where does this leave the moderate rebels in syria that the u.s. supports? >> well, this is really damaging to them. i mean, the advisors to the moderate rebels tell us that they look at the islamic front--

which is heavily armed-- they say that's why it is gaining ground, now becoming one of the largest rebel groups inside of syria and they say that the u.s. decision to cut off these deliveries at the same time they're losing members and they're losing territory really hurts them. but the state department says it still is supporting the moderates behind the scenes, they're trying to help unify and restructure them. >> pelley: margaret, thank you very much. nearly a week after nelson mandela died his body was put on view so south africans and people from all over the world could say good-bye. and thousands did, filing past his flag-draped casket today at an amphitheater in pretoria. bill whitaker is there. >> reporter: the soweto spiritual singers sang of nelson mandela during the hour ride to pretoria. they were going to the capital to pay their last respects. in pretoria, the hearse bearing mandela's body drove through

streets lined with thousands of south africans of every race. at the union buildings, the military saluted the flag-draped coffin of the first democratically elected president. family, politicians, and celebrities were the first to file by the open casket of the body lying in state. outside, thousands of people lined up for hours to say farewell. annely shivambu waited for seven hours. what was it like? >> it was so emotional, you know? even right now i'm starting to shake. it was so emotional. >> reporter: she was born after the mandela-led movement toppled apartheid known here as the born free generation. >> i am a born free youth so today i can stand up and say to the world that i'm free. >> reporter: the lines were so long many people were turned away.

including the soweto singers who went back to johannesburg. suzanne meethling, an afrikaner from pretoria plans to come back tomorrow with her children. >> he's the symbol that we can all get along and forgive and that we can have a new beginning. although i never knew him, i can't help it. it just feels like this big loss in my heart. so i need to come and see him off. >> reporter: scott, the long lines are expected to wrap around the capital behind me again tomorrow. the body of nelson mandela will lie in state here for the next two days, then will be flown to his ancestral village in the eastern cape province for a final funeral service on sunday. >> pelley: bill whitaker in pretoria for us tonight. thanks, bill. well, something very strange happened at yesterday's memorial service for mandela. as president obama and others spoke about three feet away, an unidentified man appeared to be signing for the deaf.

but today signing experts said the man was a fake. it's not clear how he got in. one expert said that the closest he came to signing an actual phrase was "running horse." there is a problem aboard the international space station we are just learning about. we have an update on the family rescued from the frigid mountains of nevada. and it was a foggy day for some, but not all, when the "cbs evening news" continues. a mouth breather! how do you sleep like that? you dry up, your cold feels even worse. well, put on a breathe right strip and shut your mouth. cold medicines open your nose over time, but add a breathe right strip, and pow! it instantly opens your nose up to 38% more so you can breathe and do the one thing you want to do. sleep. add breathe right to your cold medicine. shut your mouth and sleep right. breathe right.

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>> pelley: we're just learning more about a problem that developed today on the international space station. part of the cooling system shut down after sensors detected the temperature had dropped below normal. nasa says there's no danger to the six crew members, including two americans. flight controllers are still trying to figure out what caused the problem and come up with a fix. there's more good news today about that family that was rescued yesterday after spending two days stranded in frigid temperatures in the nevada mountains. the mother and her youngest child have been released from the hospital. the father and three other kids will be there just a bit longer. john blackstone shows us how their day of fun in the snow became a fight to stay alive. >> reporter: the family's story of survival during subzero nights in nevada's high desert begins with a father's decision to stay close to their overturned jeep. emergency room dr. douglas vacek.

>> the father jumped into action and knew they had to stay warm. the first thing he did was built a fire. >> reporter: james glanton, a local mine worker was with christina mcintee, their two children and her niece and nephew three to ten years old. they kept warm by building a fire inside a spare tire. volunteer searcher chris montes was first to meet them. >> jay was heating up rocks in the fire and at night he was putting them in the jeep with them, keeping them warm. >> reporter: searchers started to fear the worst when the hunt stretched through two nights with temperatures as low as minus 16 degrees. the rugged open terrain has only sporadic coverage for cell phones-- too weak to put through a call. but a signal from mcintee's phone was picked up at one cell tower, helping searchers focus on a smaller area. in lovelock, their hometown of just 2,000, 200 volunteers joined the search for the family. the relief was clear when sheriff richard machado announced it was over. >> the two adults and four children were found alive and

well. (cheers and applause) >> reporter: residents cheered as the two youngest children-- bundled together on the same stretcher-- arrived at the local hospital. james glanton and three children remain in the hospital, being treated for mild dehydration. but they're doing well. john blackstone, cbs news, san francisco. >> pelley: a big city has made flu shots mandatory for kids in day care. that's next. ♪ through 12 blizzards blowing ♪ 8 front yards blinding ♪ 6 snowballs flying ♪ 5 packages addressed by toddlers ♪ ♪ that's a q ♪ 4 lightning bolts ♪ 3 creepy gnomes ♪ 2 angry geese ♪ and a giant blow-up snowman ♪ that kind of freaks me out [ beep ] [ female announcer ] no one delivers the holidays like the u.s. postal service. priority mail flat rate is more reliable than ever. and with improved tracking up to 11 scans, you can even watch us get it there. ♪

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>> pelley: today they started spreading the news. new york city said it will require children who go to preschool or day care to be vaccinated so they'll stop spreading the flu. here's elaine quijano. >> reporter: 150,000 children at new york city-run preschools and day care centers will be required to get a flu shot. dr. jay varma is with new york city's department of health. >> we expect that this requirement will save tens of thousands of kids, maybe up to as many as 25,000 kids from getting severely ill. >> reporter: young children are among the most likely to be hospitalized or die from flu complications. last flu season, 169 children died, four of them in new york city. vaccine reqwrxents for measles, mumps and rubella are common in many cities and states but only connecticut, new jersey, and now new york city require the flu shot.

new york city elementary school principal carol schafenberg says some parents have expressed concerns about safety. >> parents are very scared. i think they should have their choice whether they want to vaccinate their child or not. >> reporter: but the c.d.c. considers the flu vaccine to be very safe, with a small risk of side effects such as allergic reaction. what would you say to a parent who is concerned about how safe this vaccine is? >> the most important thing for parents to understand is that influenza is not the common cold. influenza kills more children and hospitalizes more children than all other vaccine preventable diseases in the united states combined. the risk of having a severe complication from the flu vaccine is extremely low. it's less than one in a million. >> reporter: under the new rule, children younger than five will be required to get the flu vaccine by the end of 2014. scott, there are exemptions for medical or religious reasons. >> pelley: thanks, elaine. we love these pictures today.

london has long been known for its fog but it's actually pretty rare now. so have a look at the scene today outside the houses of parliament. the thick fog kept almost 400 flights on the ground, but those who could fly had quite a sight. workers in these skyscrapers rose above the gloom and enjoyed a sunny london day. the editors considered bashar al-assad, edward snowden, even miley cyrus. in a moment, why "time" chose this man as person of the year. the year. be in your hand. for many, nexium helps relieve heartburn symptoms from acid reflux disease. find out how you can save at purplepill.com. there is risk of bone fracture and low magnesium levels. side effects may include headache, abdominal pain, and diarrhea. if you have persistent diarrhea, contact your doctor right away. other serious stomach conditions may exist. avoid if you take clopidogrel. for many, relief is at hand.

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androgel 1.62%. airport? phil matier went looking for answers. next at six. weather talent appears at wx center with generic pinpoint filling monitor then we take special >> pelley: pope's have quite a few titles. francis is also among other things bishop of rome, vicar of christ and supreme pontiff of the universal church. today he got one more. "time" named him personal of the year. saying his message of compassion and humility had captured the imagination of millions. more now from dean reynolds. >> reporter: pope francis has been a vigorous, accessible, even affectionate leader of 76 who is as different from his reserved predecessor-- benedict xvi-- as water is to wine. the argentinian sees the world as his parish and very publicly follows the preachings of jesus, especially with respect to the

poor. we were with him in brazil last july on his first major trip and there was a widely held view that the church had settled on someone who could relate to the street as well as the scripture. >> it's a marvelous thing to see. he's caught the imagination of the world. >> reporter: cardinal francis george of chicago voted in the conclave that elected francis. when you were sitting there in the sistine chapel, were you looking for someone like him? >> looking for someone who could govern and had heart for the poor. >> reporter: and he turned out the way you wanted? >> to have that and more. >> reporter: but there is the pope's tone. he said of gays "who am i to judge?" of a poor woman seeking abortion "who can remain unmoved?" nor is it necessary, he said, to talk about those issues all the time. liberal catholics worry he's all talk and no action. conservatives are afraid doctrinal change will follow the talk. university of notre dame

theologian candida moss. >> pope francis is sort of running the risk of alienating two diametrically opposed groups and what that probably suggests is that he's a moderate. >> reporter: one who is just nine months into a papacy that could last years. how big a deal is it to have a pope that has changed the conversation in some ways. >> it has changed. we no longer have every story starting "scandal-ridden catholic church." >> reporter: this pope's first christmas present to the world's 1.2 billion catholics. dean reynolds, cbs news, chicago. >> pelley: and that's the "cbs evening news" for tonight. for all of us at cbs news all around the world, good night. captioning sponsored by cbs captioning sponsored by cbs captioned by media access group at wgbh access.wgbh.org g

your realtime captioner is mrs. linda m. macdonald tonight, the lack of safety changes at san francisco international airport in the wake of the asiana airlines crash. good evening, i'm elizabeth cook. >> i'm ken bastida. the ntsb just wrapped up a nearly 12-hour hearing investigating the moments right before and right after that plane crash back in july. new details came out in dozens of interviews today. the asiana pilot said that he was concerned about the landing. also, we learned a teenaged girl survived the crash but died after fire trucks ran her over not once but twice. and the ntsb moved in on the pilots' dependence on automation. there are many lessons to be learned. phil matier is live at sfo with what the airport says went wrong on their end and how they

plan to avoid these costly mistakes in the future. phil. >> reporter: that's right. and the answers we got were pretty surprising. here's the story. in the last five months, there's been much study and discussion about what could be done to improve. but in the end, little has actually changed. for example, the automatic guidance system that was turned off on the runway that day because of runway construction is back on now, but it could be turned off again in part because the federal aviation administration determined the system was, quote, not necessary for safe landing at sfo. given that the weather was clear that day -- >> it's a normal part of aviation. >> reporter: one thing everybody agrees failed that day was the emergency alert system for airport managers. >> the alert system froze. they got to a few folks, not to everybody we wanted to. we immediately fell back on our phone system and got everyone out here within 40 minutes. >> reporter: the airport is still shopping around for a replacement. >> so we hope to have that installed so