>> this is "bbc world news america." the scandal is spreading. from britain's royal family to its former prime minister, the allegations of hacking by rupert murdoch's media empire could have a global impact. east africa's drought is labeled the world's worst, but with so many in need, why is one refugee camp in kenya completely empty? and it is a question of identity. for native americans, the system has long helped define their tribes, but times have changed. welcome to our viewers on pbs in

america and also around the globe. another day and yet more extraordinary revelations in the hacking scandal surrounding rupert murdoch's media empire. first came a story that the news of the world reporters tried to buy top-secret information about the royal family from one of its protection officers. in a separate case, another murdoch paper is alleged to have targeted personal liberation of the former prime minister when he was chancellor. >> the head of state, the royal family, her and their security is the duty of the police in the royal protection branch. the integrity of those officers must surely be beyond a doubt, but this morning, i learned that "news of the world"'s e-mail uncover as long ago as 2007 but kept secret contained evidence that the sunday newspaper was paying more protection officers

for private information about the royal family. later emerged in public with the guardian" that the phones of prince charles and the duchess of cornwall may have been tapped. in one of the dynamite e-mails, the papers is graced royal editor was requesting cash for the editor to buy a confidential directorate of the royal family's landline telephone numbers and all the telephone numbers of the household staff. the indication is that a police officer in the branch had stolen the directory and wanted 1,000 pounds for it. these lists explosions of the systematic wrongdoing at the "news of the world" could not have come at a worse time for the paper's owner, news corp.. because it is trying to buy british sky broadcasting. although rupert murdoch is credited as the founder of bskyb, his new corporation -- his news corp. owns just 30%.

the reason he wants 100% is because it is a growing business generating huge amounts of cash. this year's profits are expected to be close to 1 billion pounds, whereas revenues of his favorite newspapers, those left after the closure of the "news of the world" are under pressure. mr. murdoch has been arguing that this takeover should be allowed to go through without a lengthy investigation by the competition commissioner, and he gave undertakings to protect the independence of sky news security agreement and for the deal. this afternoon, in a dramatic ball back, mr. murdoch withdrew those undertakings, in effect asking for the deal to go to the competition commission because the delay in the takeover is better for him than the alternative of abandoning it all together. >> as a result of news corp.'s announcement this afternoon, i am now going to refer this to the competition commission and will be writing to them this

afternoon. >> rupert murdoch, a week has been an eternity in business, and why a long delay in the bid is now, for him, perhaps the best he can hope for. >> on top of the troubles, the bbc has also learned that two other news international newspapers allegedly targeted the former prime minister, gordon brown. documents and a telephone recording suggest illegal attempts were made by the "sunday times" to obtain his private financial and property details while he was chancellor. what impact could all of these revelations have on the global empire of rupert murdoch? for answers, we are joined from new york by murdoch as a biographer. could the fallout from the scandal now contaminate the entire murdoch empire? >> i think it is really about the credibility of people named murdoch. a loss of credibility and a loss

on the level that we have seen over the past week begins to prompt questions about whether these people should be running a great public company. >> do you think that james murdoch is going to run the empire? >> i think that was a virtual certainty little more than a week ago. it has been highly doubtful now. i do not actually see how james goes on to run the british side of this business, no less the entire business. >> you suggested that rupert murdoch would sell his british newspapers to contain this crisis. has it come to that, do you think? >> that is what i have heard discussion of pirie whether that is an actual scenario or more likely the panic conversation of executives who really do not

know what to do or what is going to happen. i think they are looking at this situation, and it is entirely out of their experience. there is no model year. news corp. has based a lot of crises in its time, but i have never known it to face a crisis like this. >> just give us an insight, as his biographer, as to what you think is going on inside rupert murdoch's head right now. >> i think he is afraid. you know, he is -- he has dealt with many difficult situations in his career, and he has dealt with them on the basis of power meets power. you know, one of the reasons he has newspapers is that they are for him an incredibly potent

weapon. rupert murdoch closing newspapers can have a mighty revenge -- you cross robert barack, his newspapers can have a mighty revenge on you. obviously, that will not work in this situation. that is exactly what has gotten him into trouble here. i think for the first time in his career, in his life, rupert murdoch's has literally no idea what to do -- rupert murdoch has literally no idea what to do. >> thank you. could be the worst humanitarian disaster in world gear that is how the united nations commissioner for refugees is describing the drought ravaging east africa. today, he urged kenya to open a new refugee camp completed last year but never used. currently more than 350,000 people are sheltering in camps.

it's from that we get this report. >> every morning, the weight, the weary and hungry. more than 1000 people desperate to into the refugee camp. the story is depressingly familiar. the drop in somalia drove her here, but like many others, she had to leave a sick relative, her husband, behind. >> he told me to save myself, save our children. do not stay around to die. some in the village were already dead. nor are right here -- this man ever arrived here a few weeks ago with his wife and parents, but on the long walk, his 3- year-old son died. >> he was crying all the time. there was nothing we could do. he was so hungry, so he just gave up. we buried him by the roadside. >> the camp here is now overflowing. there are too many people

calling out for help. it was built for 90,000 people, but there are already more than 370,000 people here, and the director told me earlier this week that it will reach 500,000 before the end of the year, and there simply are not the resources in place to deal with that. >> just a short, dusty drive away, another camp sits empty, and the refugees crossing the border have no idea it exists. the local authorities allowed the united nations to build this place last year for emergencies. there are no tents. just proper, sturdy houses. it is the permanence of the camp that later annoyed the government. fearing red fiji's might never want to leave, officials shut this place down. for the time being, all these buildings remain shuttered, but make no mistake -- the kenyan government has been very generous in allowing tens of thousands of refugees to cross its borders, escaping drought. but all these of the buildings are an embarrassment, given the severity of the current crisis.

>> it is very frustrating to think that we have a camp that has taken months to build. has full functioning water systems, latrines, health care, and people are not allowed to use it. >> there are talks at the highest level between the united nations and the kenyan government about relieving the pressure on the can. in the meantime, despite the overcrowding, refugees will continue coming year. they have to. there is nowhere else to go. as in other news, the american secretary of state has said the syrian president has lost legitimacy in the eyes of the united states. hillary clinton said the united states has no interest in president has sought's staying in power. earlier, the u.s. and french embassy were attacked by crowds loyal to the syrian president. in cyprus, the defense minister and head of the army have both resigned after huge explosions at the munitions dump killed at least 12 people.

it has been reported that the commander of the separate navy was among those who died. the blasts were blamed on a bush fire igniting containers of explosives. russian president medvedev has demanded checks on all transport services after the sinking of an overloaded tourist boat. least 110 people are still missing and feared dead, making it the worst river accident the country has seen in three decades. more than 200 people were on board for a two-day pleasure ride with eyewitnesses say the boat keeled over in stormy weather. >> as they broke, teams of divers continued their search, not for survivors, but for bodies. it is feared that more than 120 people drowned here when their pleasure boats sank on sunday afternoon. it was packed with passengers when it set sail on a weekend

cruise. on its return journey, the 55- year-old boat got into distress. it keeled over and sank within three minutes. when the divers searched the wreck, this general says, they found no signs of life but saw many bodies. but some people were rescued by a passing pleasure boat. dazed and exhausted, they were taken to with about had sailed from, and waiting on the shore to see if their loved ones were among the survivors were friends of family of those who had been on the cruise. two ships did not stop, even though they wave their hands, according to this man. only this but stopped to pick them up. she says her three sisters had gone on the cruise. one has called to say she is alive, but she does not know about the others.

the kremlin has declared tuesday a day of mourning across russia. the russian president has demanded an urgent inquiry into the disaster. already, investigators say they believe it was a combination of bad weather and mechanical failure, which turned what should have been a pleasure cruise into a nightmare. >> you are watching "bbc world news america." still to come on tonight's program, tending to the needs of egyptians. could the charity provided by one party give it a big advantage when it comes to election time? thousands of mourners have flocked to the eastern bosnian town to mark the 16th anniversary of the massacre were 8000 bosnian men and boys were killed. them 16 years on, the pain is

just as raw. a mother overwhelmed by anguished at finding the remains of her son. it we will pelvic bones and the fragments of his lower jaw that -- was all that could be recovered. at 29 years old, he was one of those killed back in 1995. today, just another green the coffin lowered into the ground. over 600 were buried on this anniversary, identified through dna analysis. statistics perhaps, but for those grieving, sons, fathers, husbands. it was the worst atrocity in europe since the second world war. thousands of bosnian muslims had grounded into the united nations safe haven as the war raged on, but the dutch troops were easily overrun. the men and boys were led off to be slaughtered. around 8000 of them within the space of five days. it is the only part of the balkan wars to be labeled genocide.

the bosnian serb commander was filmed reassuring moslem children of all would be fine. it was his troops who carried out the killing. the general was indicted for genocide in 1995 but evaded justice until this year. in may, he was arrested in serbia and our rights trial at the united nations tribunal. 16 years on, bosnia remains deeply divided between its main ethnic groups. as the thinking goes on, the names of victims were read out, their families gathered during foreclosure. >> it has been six months since protesters in geneva deposed president and sparked a wave of unrest that forever transformed the arab world. in egypt, the demonstrations continue, despite hosni

mubarak's removal, and all eyes are on election scheduled for september. dozens of parties have been formed, including one link to the muslim brotherhood. banned under mubarak, years of charitable work have given it a head start. >> the patients at the islamic medical association hospital made before, but the care they receive is anything but. with help averaging just 3% of the national budget, state hospitals are underfunded and poorly staffed. >> we are very well received here. the doctors do not just ask us to be quick and leave like they do in public hospitals. >> imagine british consultants offering their services for 1/10 of what they could get in private clinics. that is with some of the doctors here are doing.

>> we have to support them. no. perhaps people might come here and say that the moslem brotherhood is doing a good thing, so they will vote for them. >> this is a hospital. we're dealing with medical problems. not political. >> the islamic medical association was set up in 1977. that is a lot of patience who believe the brotherhood has provided where the state has failed. >> the doctors in the clinics may be motivated purely by their humanitarian and religious instance, but there is a political bonus for the muslim brotherhood. the growing influence of the brotherhood and other more extremist islamist groups is a matter of deep concern for christians, who now worry about their future in the new egypt.

one in 10 egyptians is a coptic christian. religious tensions are not deny it -- entirely new, but they have resurfaced following mubarak's fall. four months ago, he was attacked by thugs who slashed his face, broke his ribs, and stabbed him all over. he says it was punishment for being christian. the money the the police nor the army have arrested the people did this to me. the failure to find the culprits for the start of violence threatens to hurt relations. the moslem brotherhood was condemned of violence, this column for the elections, it will have to show it is willing to protect egypt's christian minority.

>> george reporting there. for more on egypt, i'm joined from new york. thank you for joining us. you were memorably so optimistic when all this began in egypt. what is your assessment of the situation now. >> i remain optimistic because the resolution has been my dream and the dream of so many egyptians for all our lives. i remain optimistic, but i understand there's a lot of work to do, and it has only been a little over four months. i think we need to continue. resolution continues. it has not ended, but we need to keep that hard work firmly in. >> if the muslim brotherhood made gains in the election, what would you make of that? with that concern you? >> it would concern me as a woman, as a feminist, and as someone who believes that the muslim brotherhood does not represent the majority of egyptians. but what is more important than whether they make gains or not is what happens to the constitution after the elections?

we have to remember this -- how many will turn out to vote? what concerns me more is a constitution that guarantees free and fair elections so that those who vote for the muslim brotherhood this time around, if they did not deliver on their promises, they can vote them out next time around. that is what we need in egypt. >> what has the revolution done to advance women's rights? we all remember when in being on the streets protesting. >> i think there is a long way to go. what we need in egypt is a revolution of the mind. we have had a resolution that -- revolution that has overthrown mubarak. the revolution continues because during his 30 years in power, his dictatorship basically suffocated all slivers of light outside egypt, and the groups that suffered the most i think were women and minorities. you heard about the state of christians in egypt from your reporter a few minutes ago, and i think the same applies to women as well. there is a long ago, but i know

from the women in the ground who continue to take part in the revolution, that the revolution of their mind is the real focus. >> do you sense any nostalgic for the past in egypt, no matter how oppressive it was? >> it was part of a kind of natural "at least renew were were before. it is important to remember that not all egyptians join the revolution, and some now worry about where the country is going, look ahead and say they do not know who will win the elections. but again, it is important to remember that this is a result of mubarak's dictatorship. because he was in political life for 30 years, we only have the muslim brotherhood to stand up to him, so we are still rebuilding our political lives in egypt, for christians, women, who did not support cuts -- people who do not support the brotherhood, but i remain firmly optimistic because egypt is finally free of mubarak's dictatorship. >> thank you for joining us, enthusiastic as ever in your

assessment of what is happening in egypt. not a system that may sell like the next blockbuster, but for americans is a complex formula used by hundreds of tribes to determine who is eligible to be a member. , as marriages between tribes or with other races increase, it is becoming more difficult to assess where a person belongs. paul adams has been to north dakota to see whether a new system may be in order. >> and juliet and centana davis at home with their parents unmistakably native american beer ashley, 39.8%. their parents are from different tribes, which when the girls were born, did not recognize each other's need of blood. they do now, but scott stride still have strict rules. >> they do not accept a lot of blood, so that leaves us a good fraction out of my overall

equation, my overall percentage of blood. >> they call it blood content, a complex system now away at the fabric of indian society, even as tribes cling to their roots at gatherings like this how well. the mixing of non-indian blood evidence in many phases. americans intermarry more than any other population in the country. clancy sorensen brought his son chaske. the sun has tie in german blood, too, which all spells doom for the tribe. >> our tribe is, like, almost gone. not very many indians left in this world. to not be able to -- like, my grandchildren now are not going to able to be enrolled unless they marry someone who is also indiana. >> and there is another reason

why all this matters. for communities where party has long been a problem, the more members there are, the larger the pot of federal money for health care and education. they simply cannot afford to shrink. but at least this reservation has one advantage lurking deep underground. with membership of the drive comes access to the tribes resources, and for people living around here, that now includes oil. north dakota is in the grips of a furious oil boom. with operations like this popping up all over the reservation. oil money and jobs have lured tribal members back. few of the country's other 300 reservations are so lucky. but that still leaves the question of identity. you can try and sometimes fail to uphold tradition, but what point does the troubled blood in your veins become too thin to be truly native american? some say it is time for a

different approach. >> one of the eddy as was to develop the citizenship act with criteria. you have to visit and know your family. you have to know your culture. you have to learn your language, and you have to visit home. >> some tribes have lord of the blood content necessary for membership or scrap it altogether like the cherokee in favor of simple ancestry. is how you live, some say, not numbers and fractions that determine who you are. >> that brings us to the end of today's broadcast. you can always get constant updates on our website. from all of us here at "bbc world news america," thank you so much for watching. we will see you soon, and again, you can always go to our web site to find out just what is happening around the world.

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