>> this is "bbc world news america." funding of this presentation is made possible by the freeman foundation, newman's own foundation, giving all profits from newman's own to charity and pursuing the common good, kovler foundation, pursuing solutions for america's neglected needs, and aruba tourism authority. >> planning a vacation escape that is relaxing, inviting, and exciting is a lot easier than you think. you can find it here, in aruba. families, couples, and friends can all find their escape on the island with warm, sunny days, cooling trade winds, and the crystal blue caribbean sea.

nonstop flights are available from most major airports. more information for your vacation planning is available at aruba.com. >> and now, "bbc world news america." laura: this is "bbc world news america." reporting from washington, i am laura trevelyan. just four more days to go. the candidates are blanketing the battleground states. beating a path out of mosul. these are the lucky ones who escaped the iraqi city after two years under islamic state. and a year after a landmark deal on climate change is sealed, today it comes into force. now the test -- what effect could it have?

onra: welcome to our viewers public television in america and also around the globe. their schedules are enough to make a travel agent's head spin. right now the u.s. presidential candidates are hitting as many of the key states as they can before election day. with just 4 days left, they are delivering closing arguments, hoping to emerge victorious on tuesday. jon sopel starts our coverage. jon: hillary clinton is in pittsburgh, pennsylvania, today, and then going on to michigan, 2 states that a week ago looked like and they were rocksolid democrat. but a lot has changed and the race has tightened immensely. for her, every vote in every key state counts. and she seized on good economic news. ms. clinton: that is 73 straight months of job growth. and i believe that our economy is poised to really take off and thrive.

but we need to make sure the economy is working for everyone, not just of those at the top, and that is my pledge. i believe in growth from the middle out and the bottom up. when the middle class thrives, america thrives. jon: she wants to raise the minimum wage to $15 an hour and create jobs through a major investment program in america's infrastructure. she wants to give undocumented residents a path to legal citizenship, something you won't hear from donald trump. and on gun control, she wants to expand background checks and ban several types of assault weapons. the one thing you cannot accuse hillary clinton of is lacking a policy agenda. she has details on everything. the problem is you need support from congress to get things passed, and there is no reason to believe she will find it any easier than barack obama did, where gridlock seen to rule the day.

james rubin was an assistant secretary of state and close confidant of hillary clinton. >> if mrs. clinton is elected president and there is still republican leadership in the congress, i think they will find a way to work together because, let's face it, republican leaders are as frustrated by the fact that donald trump became their candidate as many democrats are. i think in the aftermath of donald trump's candidacy, many republican leaders will understand that we have to find a new way of doing business in america. jon: the thing you find it when you are traveling around this great country is when you come across someone who is not going to vote for hillary clinton, it is not just that they don't like her. they absolutely loathe her. that is why the owners of that bus are doing so very well at the moment. but would donald trump find it any easier? he has been at war with large sections of the republican party, particularly with his opposition to trade deals and even immigration reform. it is hard to believe that whoever wins on tuesday after

this divisive, bitter campaign will be enjoying much of a political honeymoon. the allegations and doubts about both won't go away. jon sopel, bbc news, washington. laura: the bbc's chief correspondent gavin hewitt joins us -- joined me a short time ago. gavin, what is donald trump's closing argument as he tries to flip pennsylvania and other swing states? gavin: well, first of all, there is an operational strategy on the ground. generally in pennsylvania it is thought that hillary clinton has the better organization on the ground, but what donald trump does is fire up audiences like this and he regards those, if you like, as his weapon. he wants them to leave here impassioned. when it comes to closing arguments, what donald trump

says at almost every rally, he asks a question to voters. are you going to take a risk and put somebody in the white house who may be subject later to a criminal investigation? he presents no evidence, but what he does is summon up the idea of a big constitutional crisis some time in the future. the other thing that is the feature of all of these rallies is that he presents himself as the agent of change and says after -- and the crowd joins in, that they are going to kind of drain the swamp in washington. laura: gavin, in the state you are in, pennsylvania, there is no early voting. it is all about the day. so that is helpful for donald trump, isn't it? gavin: yes, early voting -- both candidates have focused on early voting. it gives them an indication as to whether their core supporters, what they regard as core constituencies, are turning out. certainly in relation to hillary

clinton, there is some evidence that the african-american community who voted in such numbers for barack obama in 2008 are not doing so in such strength now. as regards donald trump, what he seems to be picking up is some of those republicans who didn't like him or turned away from him, he is maintaining that in these final days, some of them are turning back and heading to the polls and voting for him. i think if he is to succeed, that is one of the crucial things he has to do, to get more republicans, or people who are used to voting for the republican ticket, to vote for him. laura: gavin hewitt, thank you. and for more on the race going into this final weekend, i spoke a brief time ago with betsy woodruff, politics reporter for the daily beast. a week ago we were digesting the

news about the fbi, that bombshell, and now it is 4 days to go. hillary clinton has a slim lead in the average of holes but she is hugely vulnerable. betsy: without a doubt. polling is difficult, and if there is one thing we learn from the primary season is that a lot of the whole data is less than optimal. it is absolutely important for her that she maximizes turnout to the greatest extent possible and identify her people and get them to vote, as gavin mentioned, to maximize early voting turnout, given that not all states have that option. her folks are not relaxed right now. laura: if you look at where donald trump and his surrogates are going this weekend, and i see that sarah palin is going out for him, what does that tell you about his potential map to victory? betsy: one thing that surprised me is that mike pence, his running mate, is going to be in michigan. hillary clinton is going to detroit and most polls are showing her leading. she's leading in realclearpolitics by four percentage points. however, she lost surprisingly to bernie sanders in the primaries. her team doesn't want to see a repeat of that.

of course, trump's team hope they can flip the state. it is a blue state but every once in a while you can be surprised. they are banking on these blue-collar, more industrialized rust belt states potentially flipping for him. laura: what you read into the fact that hillary clinton, her husband, president obama, and michelle obama are all scheduled to be in pennsylvania monday night? betsy: it says they are not taking it for granted. hillary clinton has to win pennsylvania. if trump manages to flip it, that makes his path to the white house significantly easier. the fact that it is basically -- all the stars in the democratic sky focusing on pennsylvania might suggest that the clinton internal campaign data doesn't match public polls. public pools are indicating that clinton is in good shape in the state. of course, this convergence of top democratic elected officials there suggest they might be seeing data that does not match up with public. laura: many have already voted. what do you read into that? betsy: the best news for hillary

clinton seems to be coming out of nevada. jon ralston, the leading political reporter who understands that state well, was saying earlier today that as long as things continue on that trajectory that early voting suggests, hillary clinton will be in good shape there. that is a state trump would have wanted to win, one of the battleground states he really needs. she is seeing good results there. the fact that early voting is so high is helpful. we are seeing an uptick in hispanic early voting, a good sign for hillary clinton. that said, republicans are optimistic about early voting efforts. typically democrats do better but republicans say they have improved over 2012. laura: betsy woodruff, thank you for joining us. betsy: sure thing. betsy just mentioned, the hispanic vote is significant. it is of particular concern in places like arizona, which shares a border with mexico. the bbc's james cook has more on this traditionally republican state, which democrats are hoping to turn in their favor. james: welcome to the land where

time stands still. the cowboys here talk of outlaws crossing the border. some parched and desperate, others laden down with drugs. they talk, too, of a rancher land, ad on his own long and -- lawman killed in a gun battle. and when it comes to politics, the men of the west do not mince their words. >> the thing about trump, you might hate his guts, but he will probably do something, and hillary clinton, i will guaran-d amn-tee you, ain't going to do anything. so, your choice, if you are an american citizen. james: in this frontier town, 95% latino, many do hate trump's guts. he has called mexicans criminals and rapists, pledging to deport millions, and build a great wall

on the border. >> i am calling on behalf of the republican party. james: and yet the republican headquarters here is packed with young hispanic women. what do you think about the way donald trump has spoken about women and latinos and mexicans in particular? >> i am a very proud latina, very proud of my heritage. but -- and i did get really offended by that. but we don't have to look at the personal stuff right now. right now we have to think businesswise, and this town needs businesses, this town needs more people. spanish] ng james: on the doorsteps here, democrats do want to talk about mr. trump's personality. in fact, they say it is driving voters to the polls. >> i have never seen people coming up and registering emphatically like this. james: why are they registering for the democratic party? what are they telling you? >> they are telling us they

don't like what trump has to say about mexican-americans and about mexican immigrants, and that they are going to make a statement about it. james: a democratic victory in this frontier state would be only the second in 60 years. in truth, it would be more of a trump loss than clinton gain. donald trump's promised to beef up border security has been a defining feature of the campaign. but here on the border itself, you have republicans who were breezy has overdone the rhetoric and alienated some latinos, -- het whom he connect cannot expect to win in states like arizona. cook, bbc news. laura: for more on the election go to our website. we have a wealth of information including the latest from the campaign trail. 4 days to go. in other news, 2 associates of

chris christie, republican governor of the state of new jersey and an ally of donald trump, have been convicted of deliberately causing traffic jams three years ago as revenge on a democratic mayor. they created gridlock by reducing traffic to one lane on the george washington bridge. french police have finished clearing a temporary migrant camp near one of the railway stations in paris. they have increased since the closure of the so-called ais.le camp in cali the south korean president has apologized for allowing a close friend inappropriate access to government policymaking. she has agreed to be questioned over the corruption scandal engulfing her. but has not offered to resign. the friend faces charges of attended fraud by using her closeness to the president to solicit money from south korean businesses. thousands of civilians are fleeing the iraqi city of mosul

as special forces pushing into the center meeting intense resistance from islamic state fighters. the united nations is describing a massive increase in the number of refugees arriving at camps beyond the city. our correspondent karen allen has been speaking to some of the families who have managed to escape. karen: this is what freedom looks like after 2 years under siege. entire neighborhoods on the move. this the first major convoy since the mosul offensive began. there could be more to come. >> massive operation right now and we don't know what could unfold. it seems like the military was trying to limit movement. they brought them to us. karen: that is what we are seeing today? >> absolutely. karen: escorted by kurdish peshmerga troops, these people have brave gunbattles to escape

the fighters of so-called islamic state. they face an uncertain future, but at least now they are safe. huddled in the back of a truck, this woman and her teenage daughter. they tell me i.s. tried to prevent them from leaving. they threatened to kill her, she tells me, as she tried to escape. free at last. it is hard to believe they have been isolated for so long. under i.s. rule, mobile phones were banned. if they caught you with a sim card, she says, they would either take it away, or worse still, they would kill you. these are the people who have managed to flee, but there are tens of thousands more still trapped behind enemy lines, with reports that children are being used as human shields. this family is one of thousands that are pouring out of mosul and surrounding areas, using any

means of transport possible. there are people on tractors, in lorries, cars, motorbikes, i've even seen a rickshaw. sentimenterwhelming you get here is one of enormous relief. these camps are braced for tens of thousands of new arrivals. 3000 made it from a convoy just today. they are grateful to have a tent and hopeful for a new start. an entire city could soon be on the move. karen allen, bbc news, northern iraq. laura: what those children have seen. you are watching "bbc world news america." still to come on tonight's program, it has been a bruising campaign, so what will clinton and trump supporters do if the opponent wins? we put the tough question to them. the u.s. says it is deeply concerned about the arrest of

leading politicians from the pro-kurdish opposition party in turkey. they have refused to answer questions about alleged links to the kurdish rebel group. here is mark lowen. mark: a deadly attack in turkey's most unstable region. ther bomb tore through kurdish majority, targeting a police station. inere killed, 100 injured the latest mom blamed on pkk kurdish militants since the cease-fire -- latest bomb blamed on pkk kurdish militants since the cease-fire broke down. p's leaders and several m of the brokers kurdish party were detained, charged with links to the pkk. ] the coleadersan have been arrested to face trial. they deny any link with the pkk, saying this is an attack on turkey's third-largest party by an increasingly autocratic president.

they represent many kurds who also support the pkk. now the government is pending the party as political wing of the militants, and critics say over the past year the party has failed to position itself positionally from the pkk. the turkish prime minister insisted that the detentions were lawful. president erdogan: nobody can check to that. -- >> nobody can object to that. they must pay the price for this. mark: many are too scared to speak out. the recent seen mayors arrested and newspaper editors detained and now turkey's through political party hit, and there could be a fierce backlash. mark lowen, bbc news, istanbul.

laura: the latest attempt to tackle climate change comes into force today, less than a year after it was agreed in paris. the effort to retreat global temperature increases was also given a boost today by major oil companies including shell and bp, who announced $1 billion of investment in developing technology to reduce greenhouse gases. here is the science editor david shukman. david: every country on the planet isn't signed up for the first time to tackle global warming myth evidence of the impact of rising temperatures. this nasa animation dramatically warminged global amidst growing evidence of the impact of rising temperatures. this nasa animation dramatically captures the retreat of the dramatic sea ice over the last 30 years. this graph shows the rise in the global average temperature year-by-year. the further out the lines go, the warmer the earth is. you can see how in some decades there wasn't much of a change. in recent years, the increase

accelerated. this year is on course to be a record. so there were jubilant scenes in paris last december when agreement was reached on the new global effort. paris is is perhaps -- perhaps the greatest singular global agreement we have seen in our history. it has brought together politicians with a singular idea that we have to transform ourselves to cut emissions to but it is an enormous challenge. david: the challenge is to situate from fossil fuels like coal because burning them gives off greenhouse gases, said to cause most of the recent warming, and to turn to green energy instead. but that is an easy. the paris agreement is described as a landmark because it is the first to involve every country in the world. they have each submitted a plan for cutting or limiting emissions of greenhouse gases. these are entirely voluntary but they are reviewed publicly every five years with pressure on -- which could add pressure on

governments to make deeper cuts in the future. what might this achieve? the aim is to limit the rise in the average global temperature to two degrees compared to preindustrial times, and 1.5 degrees if possible. we are already heading towards that with a rise towards one degree. if you add up all the promises to act, we are on course for an increase of 2.9 to 3.4 degrees , which scientists say could lead to dangerous impacts in the future. to show their support for the paris agreements, the bosses of oil companies made a rare appearance together pledging a billion dollars for low carbon energy. critics say that is not nearly enough. >> we don't want to just throw money at the problem. we want to get governance around it. now our technology teams are all working together. i expected this to grow and leverage with universities and government funds. it is the beginning. david: tonight as paris celebrates the agreement, all

eyes are actually on america because donald trump said that if he is elected, he would pull out of the deal. china's furious. there is a lot at stake. david shukman, bbc news. laura: speaking of that u.s. presidential race, during this campaign supporters on both sides have made their opinions crystal-clear, and there is no mistaking how they feel about the opposition. the bbc's rajini vaidyanathan went to competing rallies in florida to hear what people would do if their candidate failed to win the white house. mr. trump: if hillary clinton to work to be elected -- >> this country will fall apart. >> end of america. ms. clinton: donald trump has proven himself to be temperamentally unfit. >> we could have nuclear war. >> end of the world, literally. rajini: there can only be one winner in this presidential election which means millions of , americans could be left with a choice they didn't want. we are asking clinton and trump supporters, what is the worst

that could happen? >> the first time somebody says anything, you're going to, what, threaten to bomb them? >> the man has an attitude. he may set off an atomic bomb while you sleep. >> he will put women's rights back to square one. >> there will be segregation. he will pit blacks against hispanics against whites straight people against gays. , >> a lot more discrimination. i think the kkk will come out in full force. >> under president trump, within one year the united states would be a smoldering ruin. rajini: a smoldering ruin. well, that could apply to how donald trump supporters view hillary clinton. >> lock her up! lock her up! >> the chance of terrorist attacks happening weekly or monthly in the united states would be huge. >> i think our military would be in danger. she didn't follow through with benghazi. she lied.

>> abortion will grow rampant. that bothers me. >> the black community will still be the same. we have been living this way through all the other presidents. we will get the same old, same old over and over again. we are looking for a change in our community. rajini: but once you get over the shock of your candidate losing, then what? what would you do if trump lost? >> pray for her. >> i would pray that she has a change of heart. >> i would definitely doubt the , but i would make the best of it, i guess. rajini: what would you do if hillary clinton loses? >> i'm glad you asked that question. i am making active plans to move back to the philippines. >> oh, i'm leaving. rajini: where are you going to go? >> jamaica. >> i'm not leaving. i will be here. you've got to roll with the punch. laura: rajini vaidyanathan on what next, bringing today's broadcast to a close. you can find much more on all the day's news on our website.

make sure to stay with the bbc for analysis and coverage of the presidential race. to reach me and the rest of the bbc team, go to twitter. thanks for watching. have a great weekend. >> make sense of international news at bbc.com/news. >> funding of this presentation is made possible by the freeman foundation, newman's own foundation, giving all profits from newman's own to charity and pursuing the common good, kovler foundation, pursuing solutions for america's neglected needs, and aruba tourism authority. >> planning a vacation escape that is relaxing, inviting, and exciting is a lot easier than you think. you can find it here, in aruba. families, couples, and friends can all find their escape on the

island with warm, sunny days, cooling trade winds, and the crystal blue caribbean sea. nonstop flights are available from most major airports. more information for your vacation planning is available at aruba.com. >> "bbc world news" was presented by kcet, los angeles.

captioning sponsored by newshour productions, llc >> woodruff: good evening. i'm judy woodruff. on the newshour tonight: >> in four days, we are going to win the state of new hampshire. >> i am very happy to be in the home of the steelers. >> woodruff: as candidates make their final push through swing states, we ask voters in the battleground of pennsylvania whether they think their vote counts.round of pennsylvania then, desperate for health care. six years after the affordable care act, we look at one effort to help those still in need. >> there's a lot of poverty in this area, and the coal mines went down, and the jobs have gotten really bad.