woman: this is "bbc world news america." is made possible by... the freeman foundation; by judy and pedar blum-kovler foon, pursuing solutions for erica's neglecd needs; and by contributions to this pbs st from viewers like you. thank you.

laura: this is "bbc world news america." reporting from washington, i am laura asevelyan. urkey's offensive in syria continues, the u.s. vice president and secretary of stata are heading to ankara to broker. a cease-fi in just hours from now, 12 democratic candidates will take to the stage in ohio, all trying to prove they are the one to take on president trump. plus, the roya in a ritual. -- in a rickshaw. the duke and duchess of cambridge arrive for dinner in pakistan, enjoying the local ride. laura: for those joining on pbs and around the globe, welcome to "world news america." tonight, turkey is continuing its military offensive in northern syria. their aim is to defeat kurdish forces they regard as terrorists.

but it is the removal of u.s. troops that set into motion the events of the st few days. now the kurds have asked syrian government forces supported by elssiac'or help. the's north americeditor jon sopel reports. n jon: the extraordinary americn retreat in one selfie video, a ruruian wearing a new york yankees cap playfully shows us around a newly abandoned u.s. military base in northern syria. the russians are gratefully filling a vacuum, and as if to underline this major power shift in the middle east, look at the welce united arab emirates were laying on this morning for the russian leader vladimimi putin as they gave him the red -- well, blue carp treatment. but it is a different pipiure on the ground in northern syria, where the turks continue thehe bombardment. and don't think it is justfi kurdish ghters that are the target. ifs,ou strike residential ar then chiren who know nothing

of the conflict will be its victims, too. the fing has prompted the u.k. to join some other europe nations in suspending arms sales to turkey. in washington, the president has , and there are signs theism pressure is beginning to tell, with tougher sanctions against turkey. pres. trump: we want to bring our soldiers back home, and we are being very tough oey and a lot of others. we're asking for a cease-fire.on we put the sst sanctions you can imagine, but we have a a-- we haot in store if they don't have an impact. jon: the result of the pressurec can be seen paring the donald trump last nd theen vice predent mike pence last night. vice pres. pence: the syrian defense forces have been a strong ally of the united states. pres. trump: they didn't help us in the second world war, they didn't he us in normandy. vice pres. pence: the united states of america did not give a

green light to turkey. pres. trump: he has been telling me that for two and half years. vice pres. pence: the president 's are concerned abt instability -- the president is very concerned about instability in the region. prestrump: they are there, w are here. jon: donald tralp stands accused of betraying america's kurdish hallih, of allowing islamic to regro r, of creating a humanitarian disaster, of giving russia, syria, and iran a major on the upside, he is bringing 1000 u. troops out of syria. but they are not coming home. they are being redeployed to iraq. a week of artillery y re , bombing, and fighting has claimed the lives of many civilians and prompted at least 160,000 to flee their homes. all the resultf one phone call between president erdogan and donaldrump. jon sopel, bbc news, washington. laura: a short time ago president trump announced that s ce president and secretary of state would be heading to

turkey, trying to broker a cease-fire. for more, i spoke to steven cook of the council on foreign relations. what can the white house delegation hope to achieve with president erdogan? steven: they don't have much. what essentially the twill say turkish president is we type of cease-fire now, because if we don't, the u.s. congress is going to impose very harsh sanctions on turkey, and thee white hon't going to oppose them. the president has proposed certain sanctions. they are noto tough, they are sily reversible. congress has proposed sanctions that are very tough and hard to undo. laura: but is president erdogan going to be more scared of what congress can do?n' steven: i't think so. president erdogan has in part invaded syria because his ownat political situn -- he was relatively weak.

there a tremendous amoun aof pressure on him to return syrian refugees back to their home country. and of course we should not diminish the sense of threat that turks feel from kurdishng fighorces in syria. all of those things brewed the invasion of syria. president erdogan has taken care of, and by all measures, this operation is very popular in syria.to for hi halt on the threat of the united states would demotrate once again that he is weak. laura: how much does president erdogan care about coming to thh e house in november? steven: he probably doesn't care as much about coming to the ite house as he does abo prosecuting this invasion successfully, resettling syrian refugees, taki care of the threat that turks feel, and bolstering his ownal standing. he could probably do without the visit to washington in november. laura: senator lindsey graham,th who is behinpush for sanctions ininhe senate, he is saying he talked to a kurdish commander tonight and the turkish forces are moving into nd that is a nightmare in the making.

how could that affect the whole dynamimi steven: the push further into syria, the push further totohe iraqi border, which is whatn president erdoys he wants to do, threa a humanitarian disaster for the kur. bane is important and symbolic, the place were isis lay siege to the kurds in the beginning of the fight against the lamic state. that is where the united states came to the rescue of the kurds and forged this relareonship between the united states and the kurdish fighting forces in syria. for the turks to move in and for there to b ba battle and humanitarian disaster would really leave american policy in the region in tatts. laura:en when pres erdogan sees russian sollfers doings s in a previous american base what does he make of at? steven: it is clear that the russians have positioned themselves as a force forr

stabilit of all things, in the region. the russians want to put themselves between turkish forces and syrian regime forces to ensure there is no fight there. the russians will play every end of the stick to their advantage now erdogan washington to go back to for leverage with the russians.wi the russians can play him like a fiddle. laura: sven cook, thank you for being with us. mystevenleasure. laura: the white house askme for an urgening with the family of harry dunn this afternoon, the 19-year-old who was killed in a crash in england in august. the driver responsible is caught in a diplomatic immunity row over prosecution and went back to the u.s. after t accident. the dunn family is in america trying to get her return to the u.k.. duncan kennedy joined me a short time ago. what do the dunn famil hope will come out of the visit to the white house? duncan: they wert clear.

another round of television interviews to drum up support for the case, and all of a dden they got a call from the white house right out of the bluend officials said to get down here as soon as possible. they don't know what to expect. kewe so them on the train coming down -- they did not have time tbook a flight -- and they said that they were nervous but hopeful. hopeful means several thine. the pr aim is to get the white house to tell them that anne sacoolas,s the woman who admitted to being in the yo car,to to go bache united kingdom and face justice. if that is ruled out by white use officials, they want to meeting face-to-face wititanne sacoolas in the united states. what they want to ask her t is y did you leave the united kingdom when you knew how serious this s and what he could do to us, the parents of harry. o they said they ant to ask, too took the decision.

did you come bache u.s. on your own free will, did that go higher tthstate department, even to the white house, to pull u.k. and back to ttedout of the states? a lot of questions from arlotte and tim, harry's parents. whether th get the answers ey want, we will know in a few hours. laura: duncan kennedy, thank you. we will continue to follow the developments in the story as the dunn family are in the u.s. trying to get justice for harry. in other news, japan's prime minister has warned that the economic effects of the typhoon which hit the country on saturday could be pr the storis the worst in japan in decades. at least 66 people are known to have died so far. clashes between protesters and police have erupted in barcelona in the second day of ralliesof against the jailingngf nine catalan separatists. catalonia's regional leader says

his government will continue to defend the region'etright to selfermination. tonight, 12 democrats will be o stage in ot to prove that they are the candidate to take on president trump. a lot has happened since the last time they squared off with impeachment and hunter biden's rolelen ukraine out in the spotlight. eythe question is how ill address both of these issues moment. tonight in the battleg ound state ofo, we will see how the politics of the impeachment inquiry are changing the dynaofc he race to take ononald trump. once the clear fnt-runner, joe biden findhis position under threat. donald trump's efforts to pressure ukraine's leader have put the spotlight on hunter biden and his role on the board of a ukrainian gas company. the former vice pre's son is speaking out, saying he did nothing wrong.ke hunter: did i mistake maybe in the grand scheme of things, yeah.

but did i make a mistake based on some ethical lapse? absolutely not. laura: elizabeth warren, the massachusetts senatorvinow ually neck and neck with joe bide and has not used this ammunition against her rival so far. she is likely to face tough questions herself, like how much her lines for structural chang will cost the american taxpayer. bernie sanders is back on the campaign trail after his heart attack. sen. sanders:'m doing good, getting some work done, cutting -- getting stron r. laura: the other nine candidates on the crowded stage will be vying for the breakout moment. the bbc's anthony zurcher is on the scene in ohio where the candidates are getting ready and us from there. certainly looks pretty lively behind you anthony what are you hearing from the candidates? anthonth i was talking to representatis of elizabeth warren, the nator from massachusetts, one of the front-runners.

they expect she will be the this timeattacks around, maybe from pete buttigieg, some of the other moderates. because she has been rising in the polls, she feels like they will be taking aim at her. ibernie sanders, his teamalso he had a heart attack a couple wes ago, and ts is his first major public appearance since the medical incident. they want to make sure they see him as being lively,hey hope he can translate hian experience into more personal terms to talk about medidire for all and being able to have universal health care for people like him and all americans. laura: meanwhile, tom steyer has made the stage tonht. he has been running ads calling for the impeachment ofdent trump for months. is this his moment? anthony: i don't know if it is his moment or not. he was apart from the crowd for a long time as one of the most outspoken advocan s for elizabeth warren wther early voice for impeachment.

now the rest of the field has caughtp with him. he will have a challenge to say essentiallll i told you so, this is something we had to do before for the previo three debates, impeachment has not been a big issue, and i think for all of the candidates is something they can avoid. there are numerous senators who will bon the stage tonight. they, if donald trump is impeached, are going to take part in a senate trial of the president. they will have an interesting nelio walk when that question is posed tonight. laura: anthony zurcher speaking to us from ohio. for moree on candidates' toapproach tonight, i spok a democratic strategist. does this focus on hunter biden help or harm joe biden tonight? >> obviously it is a strategic decision by the biden campaign to put the former vice president's soinout day. i it is an opportunity to reclaim the narrative.

hae president has wrtled narrative away from the biden process coming int today was let's use this debate to really reset national understanding about this issue. the risk that they run is that the entire debate becomes about the issue and it hijacks anyag other messg that the bidid folks nt to get out. laura: how does elizabeth warren handle tets moment? es she go for the jugular or will she face incoming fire? >> it is an n teresting conundrum. if you are elizabeth warren, you are the front runner, you don't need to feed into this issue, although it fits neatly into the campaign she is running. she is running a campaign that oc fed on i am against corporate influence, i want to drain the swamp from a progressive standpoint. the biden issue and the whole issue of influence peddling fits tneatly into the narrativ story she is trying to tell. what she does not want to be accused of is carrying donald trump's water. she has sht to me a decision oftohether or not goinafter biden crosses the threshold.

laura: what about bernie sander ac is big for him coming back on the stage after the heart attack. what does he need to do? joel: i think he just needs to be himself. even though he has had these health problems, and he has always been the oldest candidate in the field, almost 80 years of not being energof notccused ehaving the vigor to last the campaign. he did ht four years ago a has run a pretty vigorous campaign this time. the problem is thathis has become a central issue not necessariljust because of him, but because of joe biden. he will have to show that he can endure the grueling three-hour debate, or 2.5 hours on stage tonigh and sw that he can move on from this issue and focus on why voters have flocked to him. particularly ys.ng vot laura: who are you watching amongst the next tier of candidates, all of whom are polling in single digits? joel: if you are thinking joejo

biden is going to falter, theis person to watcmy klobuchar. she is the most natural constituency for joe biden's people to flock to. also people like beto o'rourke, who after the terrible incident isl paso, texas, almost had a second breath inampaign. amwhether pete buttigieg can ansfer the $20 million-plus he raised into the type of support you would expect.of there are a loeoplthat have this opportunitto really show that they can stand on stage and take a punch and give a punch. laura: joel payne, thanks so much for being with us. and of course we will have all the highlights of that debatehan tomorrow night's show. hiyou are wabbc world news america." still to come on toni's program, we go inside mexico's they are packed, a policies keep people waiting longer for a decision.

laura: the president of the bulgarian football union has resigned after the monday night qualify between bulgaria and enand was stoppedce due to friends.hanting from home prime minister demanded he step down after the reporter: it began when england's players first heard the "moey chants. >> i heard it before i got to the side of the page in the warm-up. we spoke about it coming o the pitchfter the warm-up. reporter: there were intee scussions between englan players, management, and officials through theirst half. an announcement was ma to the crowd that the referee might suspend the game if the abuse continued. it was greeted by boos. there were nazi salutes in e ground. when e eland's players left of the pit, they discued whether they should carry on with the match. they decided to carry on, and

england's captain told me he believes it was the right desion. >> everyone did talking on the pitch, which i'm extremely proud of. reporter: england's manager felt they handled the situation in the best way. >> we could be criticized for not going far enough, but i think we made a huge statement, and it frankly, we were in an impossible situation to get it right. reporter: fork -- for's manager gave a different perspective >>. > i was actually totally concentrated on the game. i didn't hear anything. i was talking to the press offices and said that if this is proven to be true, we will have to be asham and apologize for . but it has to be proven to be true. reporter: rism wa displayed in thees sta most blatant form in bulgaria. the reacon cannot stop here.

laura: cracking down on illegal immigration is at the heart of president trump's agenda, and undocumented migrants have been detainedt the u.s. border with mexico. a new u.s. policy means people seeking asylum in america must stayn mexico while they waitur for their hearing. and now the trump administration gehas cut the number of re just 18,000. next year to how are already overburdened immigrant shoulders in mexico coping? our correspondent will gra has been finding out. will: the secret to king a good cake isakn the preparation. from freezing the pans to -- from greasing the pans to isking the eggs, this is more than just bang.

thes c aretral american immigrants who have abandoned their journeys northst t in mexico instead, and are hoping to sell their sweetbreads and cookies toeearn money for .eir shoulder among them is a 24-year-old honduran who is 8 months pregnant. n e was traveling with her two young children ofreit train to reach the u.s. border. given the trump adnistration's harsh asylum and refugee polici, she has decided to stop here. "to here and no further," she "if i was on my own i would carry on, but i cannot risk it for my daughters." they are living at a refugee center in mexico city n by catholic nuns with support from the u.n. refugee agency. p receolicies by president trump oblige asylum-seekers to remain in mexico. i a has cped the u.s.' annua intake of refuge18,000. put hugeer superior says it has

ressure modt home. >> mexico has become a filter, a wallf containment. this is a migration policy of containment and persuasion, of telling them don't even try, you are not getting in. will: most immigrants seeking refugee or asylum status in the u.s. are languishi in dangerous cities along mexico's northern border. but even here in the capital the alation is becoming crit with so few organizations are offering basic support, many immigrants struggle to find a decent job, place to stay, or school for their kids. with volunteer organizations overstretched, the head of ucr recently visited migrant shelters in meco and urged the government to provide more resources its asylum agency..ad the ays they are struggling with an increased workload and chronic underfunding. >> our problem has to do with

our sources, and that is why are focusing a lot andan struggling to get more resources ty we can enhance our operational capa will: the migrants lend a hand wi preparing a new dormitory so up to 100 people can housed at the shelter. those who stay know it is not easy to integrate in mexico. yet, faced with returning to the countries they fled or trying to circumvent the tstmp admition's legal obstacles, many see mexico as the only viable option. will grant, bbc news, mexico city. laura: mexico trying to cope o with the effec policy made here in washington. the duke and ducheha of cambridgmet pakistan's prime minister imran khan on the first full day of theivisit to the country. mr. khan was a friend of the duken's mother, princess d tonight,he royal couple rolled up for dinner in aickshaw.

and a warning, there are. flashing images. secunder: arriving by rickshaw, upthe royathcouple pulled for one last engagement of the day. there was no meny prince william of britain's colonial history. he spoke of the contemporaryen ties bethe countries. prince william: the u.k. and pakistan share unique bonds and it will always be in our interest for you to succeed. secunder: the trip kicked off it to a school inma islad. education along with climate change are amongst the issues the couple want to focusn in particular. they met pakistan's prime minister, cricketer turned politician imran khan. british officials say district -- say this trip will foc on showing pakistan as a forward-looking country, and something many people here welcome. >> it is a great message to the world outside to tell us how

pakikian is a new country, and we are not as what they portray us to be. >> timing is really good. pakistan needs to improve its image. secunder: the tour has an added emotional significance for prince william, as he traces 'some of his late mother' footsteps. princess diana made three visits to the country in the 1990's. here in pakistan, the hope is that this royal visit will encourage people to see the country in a more positive light and to be more willingme here themselves. secunder kermani, bbc news,ba isla laura: following in diana's otsteps. i am laura trevelyan. ucthank you sofor watching "bbc world news america." announcer: funding for this presentation is made possible by. the freeman foundation;

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♪ ♪ judy: good evening. i'm judy woodruff. on the newshour tonight bolton , back in the spotlight. revelations the ousted national security advisor raised alarms about rudy giuliani and the ukine affair add fuel to t impeachment inquiry. d then, the city at the center of the fight. a look at the critical role of manbij, syria -- the former islamic ate stronghold now caught in the middle of the turkish incursion. plus, rethinking college. as the cost of a degree goes up, housing prices go up right alo with it, and students feel the pinch, struggling to afford it at all. >> we estimate that approximately one in two undergraduates is finding their

housing be unaffordable. the most typical thing that we'll hear is a student who says