♪ ♪ narrator: funding for this presentation of thisrogram is provided by... narrator: pediatric surgeon. volunteer. topiary artist. a raymond james financial advisor tailoradvice to help you live your life. life well planned. narrator: funding was also provided by, the freeman foundation. by judy and peter blum kovler foundation; pursuing solutions for america's neglected needs. and by contributions to this pbs station from viewers like you. thank you.

announcer: and now, "bbc world news". ♪ ros: i'm ros atkins. welcome to "outside source." a huge ash cloud has engulfed tonga after saturday's volcanic eruption and tsunami. the volcano corrupted underwater . satellite images show that some areas have been completely submerged. the extent of the damage is not yet known. two teenagers have been arrested in greater manchester after a siege in a synagogue in texas. they were not harmed. this rabbi was one of them. >> i heard a click. it could have been anything. it turned out, it was his gun. ros: and who betrayed the family

of anne frank to the nazis? a new investigation offers an answer. international aid efforts are being ramped up to tonga. we are now three days on from that massive under siebel kenny corruption, and the tsunami that followed has nearly cut off all communication to the country. tonga is in the south pacific, 105,000 people live there. 80% of them are estimated to have been affected by saturday's abruption. as you can see from the satellite images, the island where the volcano is is now submerged. it sent cloud and ash 20 kilometers into the air, blanketing tonga. the sonic boom was so loud, it was heard in new zealand, over

9000 kilometers away in alaska, and in fiji. [explosion] ros: the erosion was so big, it's ever tonga's only fiber-optic cable, cutting off communications. only some of them have been restored. waves nearly a meter high flood of the capital. other video show people running for higher ground. we know that some buildings were completely inundated. there are concerns of people living in low-lying villages may have been swept away. also significant damage is reported on the main island which is covered in a thick layer of ash. katie greenwood is coordinating the red cross response

from pg. >> the good news is that from the information we can put together, that it is not as catastrophic in those major population centers that we thought it may be, so that is good news. the team on the ground at the moment have been supporting evacuations during the immediate crisis of the eruption and tsunami warning. they'll be doing first aid as required. now, the job will be to assess the damage. they have urgent relief items required for households, things like clean water, shore up their homes and shelters if they have been damaged, blankets, lamps, things like that. they will be distributing that as required. we are also really keen to understand the impact on clean drinking water and on foo gardens. ros: the abruption was felt much

farther than tonga, triggered a tsunami warning in the pacific, even in the u.s., and in chile. according to reuters, two people drowned off the beach in northern peru because of high waves. we also know that boats in new zealand were damaged. this is the capital in fiji. a tongan student is in fiji explaining the concerns she has had for her country back home. >> the most pressing concern is the water. a lot of tongans collected rainwater in their tanks, but that has been contaminated by the ash. housing needs to be fixed. we are looking at protection now because of the air. it is a tragic event but has really shown the unity between tongans all over the world, especially because we cannot

contact our families directly. we are just holding onto each other, trying to keep in touch, for any sign of what is happening there. just doing what we can, waiting, hoping, and slowly, good news is trickling in. ros: surveillance flights are reportg significant damage with some houses thrown around in the capital. those countries are air dropping emergency supplies but thick clouds are preventing planes from actually landing. here is the new zealand prime minister to send our turn. >> it is a raqqa since -- reconnaissance. the australians are taking assessment from the air of the outer islands in particular, and then of course providing that information to the people of tonga, tongan authorities. ash clouds to provide a risk.

the view was that they would be able to take that reconnaissanc flight and provide that critical information back. ros: experts have called the eruption a one in a 1000-year event. the images give you a sense of the scale. these were images taken 13 days before the abruption, and here is my just after it happened on the 15th of january. the volcano is completely submerged. this shows you the northern part of the main islandne day before the abruption, and e day after. some villages were no longer visible. >> there are many underwater volcanoes, but in terms of scale, this is probably the largest underwater volcano eruption we have seen for the last few decades. there was a similar eruption about three years ago, but the presence of water, a small amount of water and hot rock,

means that you get much more violent explosions. the water is rapidly converted to steam. as it comes into contact with the magma, it produces fine ash material, but also the steeam expansion drives the explosion itself. it is a very violent direction. ros: a reporter in auckland tells us what she has been hearing. >> we had been trying to get in contact every minute of every day. we have a member of our team that has a family in tonga. he has heard back to his family is safe. but in terms of being able to contact people on the ground, communication is very limited. only a handful of people have satellite phones, which seems to be the only way of communicating outside of tonga. i've been trying to speak with the new zealand high commissioner who is expected to

call me today. we are on standby for that. he has said there is a lot of debris along the coastline, that it is not looking eat at the moment. but we are looking for more news later today. in terms of getting into tonga, new zealand will be sending another flight sometime this week. i just spoke with a defense force, and they say this a-130, which was supposed to take off today, has been delayed due to a blanket of ash on the runway. ros: next, let's hear from a fujian journalist who heard the abruption. >> a little before 6:00 on saturday, we were in the office preparing the 6:00 news bulletin when we received information from tonga, including video of

the volcanic eruption. immediately after, a little bit after 6:00, people were reported hearing a loud thud, thunderous noise from the sky. we had not received confirmation, but assuming it was coming from tonga, from the earthquake area. ros: how soon after you heard the sonic boom did the waves arrive in fiji? >> i would say about one hour after. we managed to get some pictures not in he capital but in the eastern division where we have smaller atoll islands in that group. that is the closest area to tonga. on a clear day, you can see one of those islands. the islands around that group

are reporting storm surges, tsunami waves hitting the islands and inundating them. ros: are you able to assess the degree of damage in tonga? >> it would be premature of me assume, but you can imagine, these tsunami waves from abel cano that was very close to the most populous island, which has about 100,000 people. tonga is a flat land. you cannot imagine the waves coming through but there are no tall structures or hills to stand in the way of the waves and people. we can only imagine the destruction, as we have only seen pictures. waves that have hit almost to

the top of houses. when you think about, when they say they have to run, they have no place elevated to run to. ros: i want to update you on the attack on a synagogue in texas on saturday. this story now involves the u.k., because it was a british man who took four people hostage. no two teenagers have been arrested in manchester. malik faisal akram was shot dead after the standoff. the hostages were not harmed. mr. akram said that he had a gun when he interrupted the congregation. police and negotiators then became involved. here is some audio from the siege. >> [inaudible] ros: one hostage was released

after six hours. this moment showing the time the hostages were ablto run out. the group was playing when he heard a click, which turned out to be the hostage takers gone. >> it didn't look good, did not sound good. we were terrified. when i saw an opportunity where he was not in a good position, i made sure that the two gentlemen who were still with me, that they were ready to go. the exit was not too far away. i told them to go, i threw a chair at the gunman and headed for the door. all three of us were able to get out without a shot being fired. ros: the service was being

live-streamed, so it captured the audio of the man demanding the release of a pakistani neuroscientist with suspected links to al qaeda. he is currently serving in 86-year prison term in texas, and having considered that dimension to the story, listen to what president biden said. president biden: this is an act of terror. we will not tolerate this. we have the ability to tackle the assault. i put a call into the rabbi. we missed one another on the way here, but rest assured, we are focused. ros: the bbcas more. >> people came here, a place of worship, to pray. once again in america, a moment of peace became a moment of profound pain. the people trapped, terrified, trying to come to terms with wh happened.

synagogues across the country have increased security. as soon as became known that akram was a british citizen, the investigation became global. police in manchester are assisting u.s. authorities and are now questioning two teenagers arrested in the city last night. ros: the attack on the synagogue happened in dallas. mr. akram was from many miles away from blackburn in northern england. police arrested the teenagers in manchester as part of the ongoing investigation into the attack. here is mo in blackburn. >> malik faisal akram is a 44-year-old man from blackbn, lancashire. we've been speaking to a family friend who says that he is from a well-known family here and lecture. the man said he didn't know much about malik faisal akram's religious beliefs to know if they were extreme or not.

what we do now is that 20 years ago he was excluded from a court room in blackburn for repeatedly telling the court staff there that he had wished to be on the planes that attacked america on the 9/11 attacks in new york 20 years ago. he was described at the time as a menace and was excluded from the court. that is the kind of information that i'm sure authorities here and in america will be looking at in terms of his background. we also know from his family he had some mental health issues. the family friend we were talking to also confirmed that to us. we were told that he was at funeral of one of his brothers a few months ago wheree seemed normal. although he did have mental health issues, the family said there was nothing to suggest that he may go on and do something like this. his family issued a statement saying they did not support or

condone in any way the actions that he took in america. it's been reported that he arrived in new york a couple of weeks before the attack, and that he purchased a gun on the streets. that was the gun that he was using in the siege in texas. ros: what more reaction have we heard from people in the area where he lived? >> we have had a from muslim organizations, both locally here, and nationally. the council here saying they condemn any individual who threatened or took an innocent life. the british council of muslims, a national organization, condemning the actions, saying what he did goes way beyond what a muslim should be. that counsel also expressing solidarity with the jewish community. the greater manchester representatives of the jewish council in greater manchester

also condemning what happened, expressing concern that there were two people, teenagers arrested in south manchester by counterterrorism police. they were arrested by thpolice investigating the attack in texas. we don't know the agenda or identity of those two people arrested yet. ros: stay with me. in a few minutes, we will talk about novak djokovic. he is back in serbia after being deported from austraa. the australian is underway without him. ♪ ros: the chinese economy grew by more than 8% last year, better than many expected, but at the end of 2021, the country's growth slowed dramatically. here is more from our asia busiss correspondent on what may lie ahead for china's economy. >> consumers feel less optimistic with retail sales

coming in mu weaker than expected. china's strict zero covid policy means that some major cities started to go back into lockdown from last month due to the omicron variant. we have yet to see the full impact of that. the government is unlikely to ditch its zero covid policy especially ahead of next month's winter olympics, a communist party meeting where xi is expected to get a third term in power. while it is impressive, the country was in the middle of pandemic lockdowns in 2020. when you look at the latest data, there are some worrying signs. ♪ ros: ros: i'm ros atkins. we are here in the bbc news room. and eight effort to help victims of saturday's pacific tsunami

has gathered pace as the extent of the distraction in tonga remains unclear. novak djokovic is back in serbia after being deported from australia. the world's tennis number one is not vaccinated against covid and lost in extended visa battle with the australian government. here he is back in belgrade after spending 11 days in melbourne trying to play in the australian open but it was not to be. he has gone home and the tournament has started without him. >> it just feels like, yes, everyone has been looking forward to this vibe, but there is a huge absence. a nine-time defending champion novak djokovic she is not here. he will not have a chance to go for a record-breaking 21st grand slam. he has been forced out of australia when a court upheld the government's decision to deport him and cancel his visa.

it is the end of the road for novak djokovic, just as the tournament has started. it throws up so man questions for the world number one. is he going to face a three-year visa ban in australia? what will his legal team negotiate? if he does come back, what will be the conditions for him being le to play? what are the conditions going to in general for him to play in other tournaments given his vaccination status, given that he is not vaccinated? he made a statement yesterday saying how disappointed he was that he is not able to compete. he also says that he hopes t focus shifts from him to the tournament. do the tournament is going on without him. ros: under australian law, djokovic cannot get a visa for three years, but that may not be the case. prime minister scott morrison says the ban goes for three years but there is the opportunity to return in the right circumstances, and that

would be considered at the time. australian law allows the ban t be waived for compelling reasons. we don't know if that will happen yet. that will be an issue next year. let's hear from the former professional tennis player pam shriver. >> we were all considering, what happens next to the world number one, djokovic? will he realize it at the end of the day the vaccine is safe and good for him to continue his quest for tennis history? he has to somehow figure out, he has to take the vaccine. i don't see this year getting any easier for him to play anywhere. ros: we don't know where the countries other than australia will stop djokovic from playing considering he is unvaccinated. the next grand slam tournament is the french open, that is in may. on sunday, france approved a new vaccine pass law which means

people will need proof of vaccination to enter public places. the french minister of sports says this will apply to all spectators or professional sportspeople. it added, as far as roland garros is concerned, the situation may change between now and then come and we hope it will be more favorable. we will see but there is no exemption. let's go back to belgrade where novak djokovic is home. our correspondent is also there. >> his return was quite low-key in the end. we had a few dozen supporters to greet him at the airport, but it was not the normal return in triumph. it was a return after a comprehensive defeat by the australian judicial and political systems. it was not the kind of return that novak djokovic is used to. although there were a small number of supporters here to greet him, novak didn't actually see them. he ended up going through the diplomatic channels at the

airport, through an entrance that nobody was waiting at. the fans who had come to see him and show him their support didn't get the chance to do so. novak djokovic she then went off in a car with his brother. he said that he would not be commenting again until after the end of the australian open tennis championship. he doesn't want to be a disruption and want people to enjoy that. his family also says they will not be commenting either. ros: as you'll know, diary of anne frank is one of the most famous books of the 20 century, itten by the 15-year-old jewish girl while she and her family were in hiding in nazi ccupied amsterdam. now a team of investigators have identified the person they think betrayed anne frank to the nazi s. >> the final entry in anne frank's diary, tuesday the first of august, 1944.

i keep trying to find a way to become what i would like to be, if only there were no other people in the world. urs, anne m. frank. three days later, the jewish teenager was arrested. this was the family's hiding place during the nazi occupation of the netherlands. this question of who betrayed the frank family, who lived in the building undetected for more than two years until months before the end of the war remains one of the great mysteries of dutch history. now this team of investigators have identified a man who they believe is the key suspect, a jewish lawyer was based here in and to dam, helping jewish refugees fleeing nazi germany. no dna clues or video images existed, so detectives relied on circumstantial evidence, and a note. >> the final suspect became the

person who was named in an anonymous note sent to auto frank ortly after he got back from the camp, auschwitz, in which a man called van den bergh was identified as the betrayer. >> the father and only member of the family to survive the war. the suggestion, the betrayer seems to be someone within the jewish community is hard for many to bear. the historic context is critical here. >> as it turns out, it is the story of a man who was cornered. in order to save himself, his wife, his children from the gas chambers. >> there is still a degree of skepticism that we may never know the true identity of the betrayer. this tale serves as a warning, a lesson of what humanity is capable of in its darkest time. yet another way anne frank's

legacy remains alive. ro narrator: funding for this presentation of this program is provided by... narrator: financial services firm, raymond james. narrator: funding was also provided by, the freeman foundation. by judy and peter blum kovler foundation; pursuing solutions for america's neglected needs. and by contributions tohis pbs station from viewers like you. thank you. ♪ ♪ narrator: you're watching pbs. ♪ da-da-da-duh-da-da-da♪ ♪ da-da-da-da-da-da ♪♪

♪ ♪ narrator: funding for this presentation of this program is provided by... narrator: pediatric surgeon. volunteer. topiary artist. a raymond james financial visor tailors advice to help you live your life. life well planned. the freeman foundation. was also provided by, by judy and peter blum kovler foundation; pursuing solutions for america's neglected needs. and by contributions to this pbs station from viewers like you. thank you.