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narrator: funding was also provided by, the freeman foundation. by judy and peter blum kovler foundation; pursuing solutions for america's neglected needs. and by contributions to this pbs station from viewers like you. thank you. announcer: and now, "bbc world news". world news america. the forced world crimes -- first war crimes trial since russia invaded ukrainagainst. we hear from a correspdent in the courtroom. in afghanistan secret schools are being set up to educate girls because the taliban will not let them back in the classroom. we will have a special report. extreme heat waves in south asia

are 100 times more likely to occur due to climate change says new research. and young people around the world are trading millions of dollars in cryptocurrency from their cell phones. the risk can massive. welcome to world on pbs and around the globe. we begin tonight in ukraine with the first war crimes trial since russia's invasion began. a russian soldier pleaded guilty to killing unarmed civilian, shooting dead a ukrainian man who was pushing his bicycle over long the road. the soldier faces life in prison. our correspondent sarah rainsford was in court. >> it was a major moment for

ukraine, the first russian soldie accused of a war crime in court. hes a russian tank commander on trial for shootg a killing a civilian. all the time, the widow of the man killed was just on the others of the glass. the soldiers seemed nervous and said little until the words of that amount old -- of the words that mattered. when asked if he admitted his guilt, vadim shishimarin said yes. his units came under attack and were forced to retreat. in the chaos he and four others ended up fleeing in a stolen car. katerina describes seeing the russians through her gates. her husband was in the street. she later found his body lying here. the russians had seen him on his phone and shishimarin killed

him. oleksandr shelipov this is the first time his widow has seen the man who killed him. i feel very sorry for him, she told me, but this crime i cannot forgive. ukraine knows many of those it accuses of war crimes may not be prosecuted, the suspects sheltered by russia. but this soldier surrendered, his only defense that he was following orders. those in moscow that sent him to the war have not made contact with even his lawyer. the prosecutor is asking for a life stence. i asked him how fair the trial could be. >> we follow all the laws and norms. the trial is open. if there was any violation by us shis cou've said so. hima he hasr allin >> this trial

is taking place quickly in th middle of a war. everyone here knows they are under scrutiny and have to be transparent. ukraine says this is not a show trial. they want justice. sarah rainsford, bbc news kyiv. >> nearly 1000 ukrainian soldiers have surrendered at the steel plant in mariupol. many left tuesday escorted by russian rces to parts of ukraine under russian control. >> the russians say nearly 1000 soldiers, members of the asov regiment have left the steelworks. they started leaving when ukrainian authorities announced in their words "the end of combat missions." the end of what has been one of the most brutal battles in the war. the russians are saying they

have surrendered. there have been calls in russia by judicial officials to investate some of the men who are possible crimes against civilians, even to put them on russia is calling some of them nazis. there is great concern among the family members of these soldiers, among many ukrainians, as to what will be their fate. >> taliban rural in afghanistan is changing life there drastically. secret schools are being set up to educate girls because the taliban are not allowing them back into the classroom. boys oall ages went back to school last september but schools are still closed for girls above the age of 12. at had a to insist -- the taliban continues to insist girls'secondary schools will be reopened but some are losing hope. >> in a residential

neighborhood, a small but powerful act of defiance. these teenage girls, like most in the country, have not been allowed back to school by the taliban. so they are attending lessons secretly. today's class, trigonometry. for their security we are not revealing anybody's name or identity. are you afraid of what could happen to you? >> of course. we worry abouthem. but girls' education, it is worth taking a risk to do that. >> even if it means getting arrested by the taliban? >> we do our best to do this secretly. but if they arrest me, they beat me, it is worth it. >> it is worth. >> of course, of course. >> back in march it seemed girls' schools were finally

reopening. at the last minute taliban leadership overruled the decision. for students hear the pain is still raw. >> on the day we went to school they told us it is not clear if girls will be allowed or not. perhaps they will later on. it has been two months now and it has not happened. this makes me so sad. >> my mesge to all the girls of afghanistan is to be brave. if you are brave, nobody can stop you. >> younger girls have been allowed back to school. but, it is not here when or if older girls will be. the taliban says they need to create the create -- create envt first. taliban officials omit -- admit female education is a sensitive issue for them for -- with some influential hardliners opposed

to it. on a private others in the group have expressed disappointment at the decision to not allow all-girls schools to reopen. some have made public declarations of the right of girls to learn. this is an afghani cleric well respected by the taliban based in pakistan. on a recent trip to kabul, he met seeing -- senior figures in the group. he has issued a religious deee stating that girls' schools can and should be educated. >> there is no justification in sharia to say female education is not allowed. all the religious books have stated female education is permissible. for example, is a woman gets sick in an islamic environment,

and she needs treatment, it is much better she is treated by a female doctor. >> bs of all ages are back in the classroom. the taliban has formed a committee to debate what to do about girls' secondary schools. for now, it seems their most hardline elements are the ones deciding whether countries future will look like. >> for more on life under taliban role and the education a reporter in kabul. you have been reporting with scholars linked to the taliban over whether or not girls should be educated. how significant is the divide? >> it is significant. it is really quite difficult often to get inside the heads of senior taliban figures. the group is often and has always been very gooat suppressing any kind of internal

dissent. we for the first time saw some of these divisions emerging over the issue of female education because it seems that a large part of the group really is in favor of girls getting an education. now, that might be with particular caveats, for example, only female teachers teaching girls. very strict school uniforms that could incorpore potentially even the face veil. but they are certainly even -- and favor on a principle of girls getting an education. but it seems from my sources that a minority of hardline but influential figures close to the group's central leadership in kandahar, the spiritual base of the taliban, they are, it seems, much more reluctant to allow girls' education. fullstop. it committee has been formed to examine what will happen

including mo hardline leaders on it had about leadership. many people here are not holding out much hope. one interesting thing is that the network associated with some of the most bloody and ruthless attacks of the war in afghanistan over the past 20 years, many people, including diplomats, now see those figures afliated with the network actually being more magmatic -- pragmatic, more in favor of things like girls' education. it is a minority of older terex based around kandahar that seem in opposition to it. >> how else is the taliban trying to control the way afghans live and behave? >> when the taliban seized power last august they initially appear to be much morelexible and pragmatic than manpeople had feared they would be. rules on what women would have

to wear, for example. that has begun to change and ge very significantly in recent weeks andonths. a lot of it has to do with the ministry for preventing vice and promoting virtue. they have been issuing a number of hardline edicts including most recently saying that women needed to wear the face veil when out in public. i have been given exclusive access to some of their inspectors. i joined them in kabul. meet the inspectors of the ministry of vice andirtue. with branches across the country, they are remolding afghanistan to fit in with the taliban's hardline beliefs. how often do you do this in a week? >> every day. >> we are following one team in the center of kabul. first stop, a shopping center. bystanders and shopkeepers were given a lecture on the

importance of saying your prayers and growing a beard. advice.ll framed as brotherly if you hany problems, we can help you, he tells them. you have not been talking about women, what they should wear. that is what your ministry is most known for the moment. >> we have already given advice to the owner of the shopping center and put up some posters. but we cannot interact with individuals, for example, stopping a woman and asking her, why are you not wearing the correct hijab? >> so if you see a woman here who has her head but not her face covered, you will not say anything to her. >> we can distinguish between a woman with and without a he shop. -- a huge job -- hijab. if a woman is crossing the limits without any modesty or veil we will try to find her

male guardian. >> is not clear which women he means. many already cover their faces. in cities like kabul, some only cover their hair. this is how the taliban say they should all be dressing now. what right does your ministry have to tell them how they should practice their religion and how they should dress? >> it is not the decree of the ministry. it is the degree of god. if the face is not covered, what is the point of the hijab? a othe move. next up a bus stop. the ministry has a fiercer reputation from their role during the taliban's previous regime when offenders would be regularly beaten. here, their focus is on ensuring men do not get too close to female passengers.

the vice and virtue inspectors are behaving politely and chili with the public. is that always the case when cameras are not around local residents we spoke to off-camera had no complaints about these inspectors. but many worry the taliban is growing increasingly repressive. layla is an activist who was aboard a bus stop b vice and virtue inspectors. >> some woman had their faces covered. were wearing black gowns and face masks. i said to the inspector, there is no one without a hijab here. he became very angry but could not even look at me. he said, this is not the afghan republic. now it is the islamic emirate. you cannot do whatever you want

anore. >> the taliban initially appeared more flexible than many expected. but they are becoming increasingly hardline. despite an economic crisis, tightening social restrictions, seems their priority. the path ahead for the country is deeply uncertain. >> why is the taliban so focused on the morals of afghans when there is this massive economic crisis? >> that's a good question and it is a question i have heard a lot from people here. as you say, the country is still in the midst of thep economicnd humanitarian crisis. millions of people are going hungry. it does really seem as though the taliban's priority at the moment is these social rules introducing new and more restrictions, particularly, targeting women. many people i have been speaking to here say they are really quite worried about the direction the current country is heading in.

because, even though some of these inspectors from vice and rtue at the moment are perhaps introducing the new laws relatively softly, if we can call it that, given they are telling people how to dress and behave, they fear that in other six months or years time they will be more repressive. i was talking with a businessman with a number of daughters yesterday and he said, i really do not know we can have the future in this country i want my daughters to have. that is a sentint echoed by a lot of people here. >> thank you so much for being wi us. united nations secretary general says the world urgently needs to switch from fossil fuels to renewable energy. a new report suggests private change has made heat waves across thought they share 100 times more likely to happen. temperatures in the region are soaring. thermomers in some places are

reaching 50 degrees celsius, 122 degrees fahrenheit. dozens of people have died of heat stroke across pakistan and india. >> outdoors in northern india is like the inside of an oven. this work is never easy. but, during a heat wave it can be life-threatening. dozens have died of heat stroke across india. millions of workers cannot afford to stop. he has traveled 800 miles from home for this job. >> we face a lot of problems. the skin all over our body burns. sometimes, we feel like we might faint. . we he no choice, we have to work to rn money. >> heat waves are not uncmon

in thousand -- south asia. this year they started earlier than usual and has been more harsh and frequent. in pakistan temperatures are tohing 50 degrees in some parts. this area of the punjab province is facing a severe drought, putting lives and livelihoods at risk. he moved away from his village to find food and water for his cattle. >> is a challenge. i have 35 to 40 cows, about 15 of them died because there was no water. i suffered huge losses. i had to move to another village. it's bad here as well. >> climate change could cause such extreme weather once every three years instead of 300 years, experts have warned. barely any part of the region has been spared from these changes in weather patterns. here in the west of india, not

only are we seeing higher temperatures during the summer, but, during the rainy season for the past few years we have seen symptoms hitting this coast -- cyclones hitting this coast, which is extremely unusual. many clima experts say it is because surface temperatures off the cr rising. -- the sea arising. hundreds of miles from the coast heavy rains arrived early with more ferocity than normal. people are used to seeing floods each year but they found themselves unprepared with waters expected to rise further. this country has a lot of experience saving people from natural disasters. but it finds itself battling one on to many fronts. bbc news india. >> more extreme weather is on the way. other news from the world. a u.n. panel says the world is

no better prepared to deal with a new pandemic that it was at the start of the covid-19 outbreak, and it may be in a worse position because of the resulting economic fallout. the world largely has the same inadequate tools to respond to another pandemic. in the united states, the men's and women's soccer authorities reached an equal pay deal for players representing the nation team and international competitions. calling the agreement of global first of the u.s. soccer federation said there were no longer be a gender distinction in the distribution of prize money. video starts with the world cup and runs until a least -- the deal starts with the world cup and runs until at least when he 28. the u.s. stock market today saw its biggest one-day drop since 2020. the dow jones fell more than three poin 5%, the s&p 500 was wn 1.4% and the nasdaqpl medinvestors are worried about rising inflation impacting the spending habits of american consumers. now, some economists are warning

that a recession may follow. all of those wild market conditions are affecting cryptocurrencies, of course. they haveeen plunging in value. prices are on a roller coaster ride. for many young people, betting on the wrapper change can be exciting. but investing in crypto has virtually become a kind of grambling -- gambling for son. me. more from singapore. >> trading thousands of dollars over a $ meme. for digital natives intro into the crypto space is and anywhere. when he decided to get into crypto trading last euro he needed was his phone. but if the entry was easy, the risk is also high. >> the volatility makes it attractive. high-risk, high reward. my my best friend were freaking out the other day because market was plunging 40% to 50%.

>> naming is ather gateway. players can -- gaming is another gateway. players can earn nonrefundable tokens and cryptocurrencies. for many the transition from -- to gaming for fun -- from gaming for fun to gaming for crypto. t cryptocurrencies, in fts, and other digital assets are still in their infancy's. they are unregulated. that means there is little consumer protection. it is difficult to get financial advice because traditional experts, many see trading of them is gambling. it is a world that can suck you in. some who get hooked into p. sarah -- end up here. therapist andy leach says young and in particular male clients get addicted. >> you have the ability to watch bitcoin going up and down, this roller coaster ride, the highs,

the lows. it is available on your phone 24/7. >> for kelvin kong his loss was also financial. after making more than six figures by trading crypto in 2017 he lost $.5 million in the following year when prices plunged. >> i almost went into depression. a lot of youngsters now just jump in. do not be like me. do not be greedy. >> despite cautionary tales, many young traders are still following in his footsteps in the hope of making a quick buck. abc news, singapore. >> before we go tonight let's turn to kenya where a teenager om the u.k. few in this morning in a bid to set a new world record. 16-year-old mark rutherford is on track to pick on they have this pilot to fly around the world solo. he touched down in nairobi wednesday with otwo more continents to flyover.

matt comes from a family of pilots. he threw his first plane at the age of seven with his dad's help. he is now following in the past sister, zra, who became the youngest woman to fly around the world at 19. i'm lori trevelyan. thank you for watchingbc world news america narrator: funding for this presentation of this program is provided by... narrator: financial services firm, raymond james. man: bdo. accountants and advisors. narrator: funding was also provided by, the freeman foundation. by judy and peter blum kovler foundation; pursuing solutions for america's neglected needs. and by contributions to this pbs station from viewers like you. thank you. ♪ ♪

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♪ judy: good evening. on newshour, the power of primaries. consequential general matchups are set as candidates endorsed by former president trump have mixed results and abortion becomes an energizing issue. >> this has the potential to unify at least on this one issue certain subsets of society who are previously thought of as having political agendas that were at odds. judy: guns in america. the massacre and buffalo highlights the ongoing issue of mass shooters obtaining their weapons legally. and after the fall. a new report details the many failings that led to the