♪ ♪ narrator: funding for this presentation of this program is provided by... narrator: pediatric surgeon. volunteer. topiary artist. a raymond james financial advisor tailors advice to help you live your life. life well planned. woman: the rules of business a being reinvented with a more flexible workforce. by embracing innovation, by looking not only at current opportunities, but ahead to future ones. man: people who know, know bdo.

narrator: funding was also provided by, the freeman foundation. by judy and peter blum kovler foundation; pursuing solutions for america's neglected needs. and by contributions to this pbs station from viewers like you. thank you. announcer: and now, "bbc world news". ♪ samantha: this is bbc news with me, samantha simmons. the commander of ukraine's azov regiment says they have finally ended their defense of mariupol. >> to preserve the well-being of the servicemen and the city. samantha: as russian forces gained some ground, president

zelenskyy says the donbass region is completely destroyed. the u.s. is increasing pressure on the u.k. to resolve its speed -- dispute with the eu over northern ireland trade. forests absorbing excess carbon, we speak to an environment minister. as monkeypox sds, the world health organization is to hold an emergency meeting. ♪ hello, and welcome if you are watching in the u.k., on pbs in the u.s., or around the world. the commander of the as of regint -- azov regiment says

ukrainians have finally ended their defense in the port city of mariupol. they finally surrendered at the azovstal steel plant. meanwhile, president zelenskyy says the donbass region in the east of the country has been completely destroyed. he says it was like hell. jeremy baron has the latest. [explosions] jeremy: the russians are selling done ask -- donetsk. more than 150,000 people lived in the city before the invasion now, it is one of russia's biggest targets. this is russia using methods perfected in syria and chechnya -- heavy bombardment to try to brk the will of its opponents. ukrainian rescue crews can still operate to reach civilians in order to get out.

day by day, family by family, russia is grinding forward. it is a long way to safety. there are roads out of donetsk that the russians are shelling, trying to cut the city off support, rescue, and reinforcement. here were born into war. ukrainians have been fighting russian-backed separatists in donbass since 2014. >> in moscow, the defense minister held a made-for-tv briefing, designed to back the kremlin message that russia is winning. jeremy: the minister said advancing forces would soon take all of luhansk, one half of donbass, including donetsk.

ukrainian combat engineers are trying to slow the russian advance, laying charges to blow this bridge on a strategic road. [explosions] resident zelenskyy started with his good news. >> the ukrainian armed forces continue to make progress in liberating the kharkiv region, but occupiers are trying to further prsure the donbass. it is hell and that is an understatement. jeremy: ukraine's defenses in donbass are creaking, but still not breaking. away from the front lines, life goes on in ukrainian cities. in the end, the outcome of this war depends on ukrainian resilience, on the amount of help its army gets from nato, and president putin's

determination to fight on, whatever the cost russia. jeremy bowen, bbc news. samantha: let's go to the port city of mariupol now,here ukrainian soldiers holed up at a steel plant have surrendered. a commander posted this message online. >> the higher military leadership has given an order to save lives and preserve the well-bng of the servicemen of the garrison, and cease defending the city. despite heavy fighting, defending wild being enccled and a lack of resupply, we kept reiterating the conditions most important to us -- civilians, wounded and those killed in action. we managed to evacuate the civilians. the wounded received necessary medical treatment. as for fallen heroes, the process is ongoing. samantha: there are though, concerns about the fate of soldiers who surrendered.

more from the bbc. reporter: the number of 2000, there has been uncertainty of total numberthat weretill in the plant over the past couple of weeks. i have seen that the figures we were getting were accurate. they have come out in drips, we have seen some go to hospital and others detention camps. what we understand now is that the leaders have come out and therefore, we can say that the resistance is over. the next question is, what happens to tm? there had been initially a suggested that this was going to be a prisoner exchange, that they were going to go back to ukrainian territory and the russians would get some of their prisoners in return. october the last few days, we have heard talk in the state duma, questions about whether they should be treated as prisers of war or treated as war criminals. that would be a very different thing indeed and would make any future compromises of this kind very difficult. there was one man who was a member of the dumas, a senior

one and a member of the negotiating team no less, who says the death penalty should be introduced for members of the azov battalion. so according to speculation, could seeing some fighters treated one way and others in a different fashion samantha: my colleague spoke with t advisor to the ukrainian president to get his assessment of the situation. >> we are trying to get the soldiers back. the agreement was that they will surrender now, but eventually we will exchange them in a prisoner swap. it seems the russian side is reneging on those agreements, as so often with russian side. they usually lie and deceive everyone, as we can see. we are hoping to get them back, but there is serious risk because it has been reported to the russian side will use those people for their own propaganda needs and put tm on some fake trial. it is not good, and we are trying our best to rescue them.

>> you said you are hoping to get them back, and just seeing how the people of mariupol have been affected by this, this is hugely devastating for them, to hear that they may or may not see their loved ones again. >> absolutely. it is devastating. but you have to understand, the city of mariupol has been razed to the ground, the russians have destroyed it entirely, conserve -- converting it to rubble. that is the strategy and the remainder of the donbass area. they don't have the capabilities were military abilities to take our cities without many casualties to their own side. the only way to do that for them is to destroy it, to convert those cities to rubble and that is exactly what is happening. >> you talk about the remaining donbass area, because the russian side are now saying they are near completion when it comes to the liberion of

donbass. how do you see it? >> no, they are far from it. if you look at the map, the donbass area is posed the -- is both the donetsk region and the luhansk region. they have taken the luhansk region, the donetsk town is still hours. one town has been shelled and destroyed and that is where most of the dma is happening. >> but what we are hearing is that while ukraine is making progress in places like kharkiv, russia is gaining ground in parts of the coury village by village. does this concern ukrainian forces? and do you feel equipped to take on this upping of the offensive promotion forces? >> that is what is happeningdone

russians are trying to advance full force, to increase the surge. so far, they are not succeeding, but they are succeeding in destroying everything by turning everything to rubble. we are getting more equipment, more machinery. we are getting weapons. we have our weapons as well that we have been using throughout, so it doesn't happen overnight. this is going to be a long coct, as it seems. end eventually, we will turn the ti. but we need continuous support and it seems we are succeeding in some areas. we managed to push the russians back from kharkiv to the border and north of kyiv, they withdrew. we hope the same awaits russian forces in the east of ukraine. that will take time because that is where they are concentrating now. samantha: the u.s. has told the u.k. and european union to lower the temperature and their dispute over post exit rating rules and realignment.

a senior state department official warned that the row risked undermining western unity over ukraine. the u.k. threatened unilaterally override elements of the u.k. protocol that agreed to as part of the brexit protocol, the move strongly opposed by the eu. >> want to see this resolved. the last thing we need collectively is a big fight between the u.k. and eu, at a moment when we need to be showing unity. we hope this issue is resolved. we hope both sides refrain from unilateral acts and find a way to lower the temp and resolve this issue. samantha: earlier, u.s. house speaker nancy pelosi warned the u.k. that changes to the trade deal could damage the good friday peace agreement. on her comments, the u.k. former brexit minister issued this rebuke, saying miss pelosi's statement was ignorant of realities in her than island and it there is no plan to put in

ace a physical border with the republic of ireland -- republic of ireland. he said that is in fact the protocol that undermines the northern ireland agreement and that people can't see that shouldn't be commenting. here's diplomatic correspondent james landau. james: what is interesting is that you have nancy pelosi from the u.s. congress and other congressional members coming to the u.k. in the coming days. their message is, yes, we are concerned about what the british government is up to with the northern ireland protocol and post brexit trade rules and the impact on future u.s.-u.k. trade. others are saying it isn't going to happen. the state department spokesman was saying look, now is not the moment or the u.k. and european union to be at odds over a trade issue involving northern ireland. in other words, he is not going to the heart of the issue and saying there are wider concerns, that this might impact businesses, the unity of the

u.k. or even peace and stability in northern ireland. he is saying there is another ncern, and that is a moment when president putin of russia is looking for any opportunity for a fraying of the western alliance. at he is saying with the full force of the united states, don't do this, calm it down, lower the temperature, he says, no unilateral acts, he says. and resolve it as soon as possible. a very, very clear message from washington to london and brussels. samantha: james landau. stay with us on bbc news. stilted c -- still to come, gap on's -- gabon proposes rich nations pay for the release of carbon. >> this morning, and indian air force plane carrying mr.

gandhi's body landed in delhi. the president walked to the plane solemnly witnessed mr. gandhi's return from the political battlefield. >> ireland has voted overwhelmingly in favor of gay marriage, the first country in the world to approve the change in a national referendum. >> a remarkable climax to what was the mo extraordinary funeral given to a pop singer. >> it has been a peaceful funeral demonstration so far, but police are tear-gassing the crowd. we don't yet know why. >> the prelaunch ritual was well-established here. >> east timor has become the world's newest nation. [people cheering] the challenges ahead are daunting, but for now at least, it is time to cebrate. ♪

samantha: this is bbc news but the latest headlines -- the commander of ukraine's azov regiment says his soldiers have ended their defense of the devastated port city of mariupol . tents fighting in eastern ukraine were russians have gained ground and president zelenskyy says the donbass region is destroyed. gabon is calling on wealthy nations to pay forhe conservation of his forests -- of its forests, or the world will lose the fight against climatchange. all must 90% of gabon is covered by woodland and his own to endangered species. it is also one of the most carbon positive countries in the world and wants to impact industries like oil and blogging. joining me now is gabon's

environment minister how would the plan work? >> gabo is probably the most carbon-n rich country on earth, where we are net absorbing over 100 million tons of carbon dioxide every year, about a quarter of the u.k. annual emissions. we are locking those tons of carbons into the rainforests of gabon. we have a 30 year record of keeping reforestation rates low. as we look at carbon crediting through the u.n. climate change convention, there is a mechanism called red loss, which is a mechanism to help tropical countries reduce deforestation. because gabon has been a high deforestation country, we have

absorbed one billion tons of carbon in the atmosphere. and the red loss crediting system will award us with about 100 million tons. we are trying to put the first batch of carbon credits onto the market, with quite a compelling marketing strategy. if you buy a ton of carbon credit from gabon you are taking 10 tons of carbon dioxide atmosphere. and we are a highly bio verse country. our guerrilla population has increased, so they are carbon positive credits -- gorilla population has increased, so they are positive common credits. weill be able to increase carbon credits by accounting for net deforestation of carbon dioxide and put that into the global market we are trying to put together through the u.n. samantha: so, you want countries

to help you continue efforts you are making eerie but how would they work? you want countries to encourage businesses to invest in gabon, or to actually give you money? >> we actually want both. the carbon market won't save the rainforests. we have to create jobs for congo basin people and have to prove to people in congo basin countries that the forests are worth more standing than they arwhen we are dead. and the way to do that is through sustainable forestry and transformation of the wood and country into valuable products, like furniture and so on. so, we are trying to create a sustainable forest economy, exporting timber from gabon, which is climate positive, diversity positive in cialist -- socially responsible. we t the carbon markets can come in on top of that, almost as the icing that would allow us

to make investments in preserving rainforests and controlling and pushing sustainable industries. samantha: have you pitched this to any countries yet, any sponse? >> we are in the process of finalizing these credits. they will exist through the you when -- you and -- u.n. fcc. there is a lot of interest because these gabonese carbon credits are of such good quality in terms of our national systems for monitoring deforestation and degradation of forest send in terms of the biodiversity side of things. because we are not just a haven for chimpanzees and forest elephants. our forests are also sending rainfall. samantha: is there a danger some

countries will say ok, i will buy the credits, do my bit and then continue to pollute in my own country, and they offset each other? >> i think as we head for carbon neutrality in 2050, all countries are still going to have emissions. people are going to keep reading and so emitting carbon dioxide. some countries like gabon are better placed to be major absorbed is of carbon oxide. other countries are a better place to be instrial. they need to get there emissions down as far as they can. but the u.k. is never going to get -- never going to get to zero, so the u.k. needs partnerships with countries like gabon. samantha: lee white, tnks very much for sharing your time. the british government says it has informed more migrants th week that it plans to send them to rwanda as it seeks to deter people from coming in small boats from france.

8500 people have already made the journey this year. legal challenges mean it is unclear when flights to rwanda might depart, but the rwandan government says it expects to receive the first 50 people from the u.k. at the end of this month. our senior africa correspondent has seen some of the facilities to house the migrants. >> here is a restaant. one of the rooms. reporter: britton's destination for miants, but not there destination of choice. this is one of the hotels that is to be leased migrants. the operations manager doesn't know much about the deal him about she says they will be ready when it takes effect. will you still be able to do all that when you start hosting visitors from the u.k.? >> no more allowed guests from outside, especlly with a group

from one place. reporter: to most people, rwanda is a place where genocide took place in 1994. but since then, the country has enjoyed steady economic row than there has been some benefits to the people -- economic growth, and there have been some benefits to the people. but there are serious concerns about human right >> rwanda routinely flouts protocols and laws with regards to refugees. this country has abused refugees in its own country. reporter: allegations the government denies. >> there is nothing wrong with rwanda's human rights record, no matter what external organizations say. we also have surveys and indices that talk about a safe rwanda is. we have made tremendous proess in the last 28 years.

rwandans trust their government. we have people to gas coming to live here on their own and we consider ourselves a country of migration. reporter: to illustrate that, we took a 90 minute drive south of the city that is run by the u.n. refugee agency. migrants mostly from the horn of africa were brought here from libya. the majority has been resettled in europe and north america. this 26-year-old will soon join them. he says he was imprisoned, endured torture and survived a shipwreck trying to get a better life. now, he is close to achieving his goal. >> going to canada. i am waiting on travel. reporter: if you had another option to settle in an african country, would you take it? >> i don't know.

i just want to go to canada. you're not sure -- i am not sure. reporter: like most migrants, it is to go to a western country. rwanda is not where they hoped to settle and that raises questions about the u.k. deal and whether it will work. bbc news. samantha: more cases of monkeypox are being reported across the world. there are two new cases in australia and travelers who recently returned from europe or in several cases also found across america and canada. the u.k. has 20 cases, portugal has five in spain has identified seven. our medical expert curtis wallace -- curtis walsh as more. curtis: it has been around for 50 years, usually cases are in western africa. but we have had scores in europe and north america. symptoms start with a fever and headache and spread to a rash

either on the face or genitals. it leads to blisters and finally scabs. it can be confused with chickenpox and it usually clears up on its own in two weekto four weeks. how do you cat it? it does not spread easily. this is t another covi you require close, physical contact with an infective bass infected person treat skin to skin contact, exposure to skin blisters or scabs, perhaps touching clothing or bedding from an infected person. the u.k. health security agency said a significant portion of recent cases have been among gay and bisexual men and it has urged them to be alert to symptoms. there is a vaccine which is effective at preventing both monkeypox and smallpox. small box has been eradicated. it is reported the u.k. has procured more doses and i understand some staff health

clinics have received the vaccine. samantha: kurdish -- curtis walsh. there is detail on that and other stories we are covering on our website, bbc.com. i am @s narrator: funding for this presentation of this program is provided by... narrator: financial services firm, raymond james. man: bdo. accountants and advisors. narrator: funding was also provided by, the freeman foundation. by judy and peter blum kovler foundation; pursuing solutions for america's neglected needs. and by contributions to this pbs station from viewers like you. thank you. ♪ ♪

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♪ ♪ narrator: funding for this presentation of this program is provided by... narrator: pediatric surgeon. volunteer. topiary artist. a raymond james financial adviso tailors advice to help you live your life. life well planned. woman: the rules of business are bei reinvented with a more flexible workforce. by embracing innovation, by looking not only at current opportunities, but ahead to future ones. man: people who know, know bdo.