you were in a convoy... - we were trying to get in to sarajevo. sarajevo was under siege, the airport was closed, the only way to get in was to fly by helicopter to the top of mt. igman, and then go to a soccer field on the other side of mt. igman, and then go over the pass. we knew it was the most dangerous road in europe, and the day before the trip, i went to milosevic, and i said, "this is an outrage. the american peace mission should not be required to take this. we want to go in by air safely." and he said, "i'll send a message to mladic." he wrote a piece of paper. we waited. fifteen minutes later, the answer came back, "we can't open the airfield, but you can go in by the road from kiseljak." well, the kiseljak road goes through serb checkpoints. i said, "we can't go through serb checkpoints." bob frasure was sitting next to me. he leaned over to me and he whispered, "we have no choice." the next day, we landed by helicopter at the soccer field on the edge of mt. igman, and then got into two vehicles. general clark and i got into the humve

i said the first week, i inuded a joke that was going around sarajevo. what -- the serbs had cut all the gas to sarajevo which meant there was no water and the way to boil the water. there is a cholera epidemic. "what is the difference between sarajevo and auschwitz?" in auschwitz they had gas. it was tasteless. that humanitarn crisis was defused. the next step to end the war between muslims and croats -- we succeeded in doing that. there is a law of pressure on big relations. the president of croatia was -- changed course. then came a critical decision, which president clinton discussed. i would like to say a word about that. the president of croatia came to me and said, "the bosnian government has asked what would be the u.s. attitude if we permit arms to transit our territory and get to the bosnian government and some of them are coming from iran." most of them were coming from the black market. president clinton took the decision, which i thought was the right one, to tell the president that we did not object. the ashley hope for the opposite decisio

by mid-1995, bosnian serbs shelled innocent families in sarajevo. it took u.n. peacekeepers hostage. president clinton concluded that american leadership was the only hope for peace. that august wheat began an all- out diplomatic initiative. backed by the use of nato force, it shifted the balance of power. the early weeks were scarred by tragedy. first the death of three american diplomats and then a mortar attack on sarajevo. nato's relentless air strikes together with bosnian and croatian gains on the ground lead the party to a cease-fire and to dayton where for 21 days of our negotiating team led by our extraordinary ambassador, richard holbrooke, pushed, prodded, pressed, persuaded, and finally prevail. -- prevailed. more than 2 million more displaced. the leaders of croatia, bosnia, and serbia it turned the page. for president clinton, another battle was just beginning. the president wanted to send 20,000 troops to help nato implement the agreement. most americans opposed the idea. many within the military were skeptical. much of congress was dubious at bes

the jet that was going around sarajevo was the serbs had cut off gas. that meant there was no water or wait to boil the water on the ground. there was a cholera epidemic. the joke was grim. what is the difference between sarajevo and auschwitz? at least an auschwitz they had gas. that was tasteless. it went to the president and he is to an ultimatum in july of 1993 to the serbs to turn back on the gas and that humanitarian crisis was defused. the next step was to end the war between the moslems and the croats. we succeeded doing that in negotiations that took place in croatia. there was pressure on the president of croatia. he was persuaded to change course. we got the alliance between the two and the washington agreement that was signed in president clinton's presence in march of 1994 and then came a critical decision which president clinton discussed. the president of croatia came to me and said the bosnian government, the president has asked what the u.s. attitude was if we permit arms to transit our territory to go to the bosnian government? some of

the small town of twenty kilometers from boston is capital sarajevo. the psychiatrist relevant heritage settle down here in the midnight and sixty's. it received a thorough education in his home country and later in the one nine hundred seventy s. he attended columbia university in new york. he first met his wife liliana when he was still an undergraduate. i missed him so when i give birth to my daughter i was about twenty one years older. one was just under twenty two at the time because those reasons over together as we grew older together i mean the sometimes passed differently first try some of the early and then our daughter got married the margin was very cheerful rather one was a man and our kids could rely on is that it will be he wasn't very strict over his democratic plan is to raise all children not only to get him polly until the war we're going to go to. one thousand nine hundred ninety two a bloody civil war broke out in bosnia former part of the republic of yugoslavia most half of its population sells bosnian muslims the rest call themse

the small town of power twenty kilometers from posen is capital sarajevo. the psychiatrist rather than carrots settled down here in the mid one nine hundred sixty s. . he had received a thorough education in his home country and later in the one nine hundred seventy s. he attended columbia university in new york. he first met his wife. when he was still an undergraduate. amusin says when it is the first time i don't i was about twenty one years old around one was just under twenty two at the time does this raise don't altogether and we grew older together policeman and sometimes passed before it the first president of the valley and then our daughter got married conversion was very cheerful thought we're going to be another one was a man and our kids could rely on as it will she wasn't very strict over these democratic matters to raise our children going to college together and polly until the war we're going to go to. one thousand nine hundred ninety two a bloody civil war broke out from bosnia former part of the republic of yugoslavia the most powerful mo

the small town of powell a twenty kilometers from boston is capital sarajevo. the psychiatrist rather than carrots settled down here in the midnight and sixty's. he had received a thorough education in his home country and later in the one nine hundred seventy s. he attended columbia university in new york. he first met his wife leanna when he was still an undergraduate. amusin said when i give the first time i don't i was about twenty one years old around one was just under twenty two at the time because those rays don't altogether and as we grew older together obviously the sometime passed differently first my son of the valley and then our daughter got married to madge and was very cheerful but we're going to be rather one was a man and our kids could rely on is that he wasn't very strict over his democratic plans as to result children were going to punish together and polly until the war was going to go to. one thousand nine hundred ninety two a bloody civil war broke out to bosnia former parts of the republic of yugoslavia the most powerful much population

was what was the difference between the serbs have cut off gas to sarajevo which meant there was no water, no way to boiled -- soak the water on the ground puddles cholera epidemic. the joke that was circulating was very -- what was the difference between scenario where and auschwitz elisa nash was they had gas. perhaps tasteless, it went to the president he issued an ultimatum in july of 93 to the serbs who turned back on the gas and that humanitarian crisis was defused. the next step was to end the war between the muslims and the croats. we succeeded in doing that in negotiations that took place in croatia. a lot of pressure on the croatian president who wanted to -- divide up bosnia but he was persuaded to change course. we got the alliance between the two in the washington agreement in president clinton's presence in march of 94 and then came a critical decision which president clinton discussed and i would like to say a word about that. president came to me and he said the bosnian government, the president whose son is here today has asked what would be the u.s. attitude if we

ruby in sarajevo on the sixth of april. we have to protect investors from slow administration. we have to protect them from organized crime. they are not big shots in bosnia. [laughter] we succeed in putting them in their place. we have to make the atmosphere. we have minerals, we of water, we can make things, we can make electricity. >> you mentioned at the whole idea of nato and european military commitment. the secretary-general of nato just spoke very strongly about your's commitment and said europe needs to stop being naive about how it needs to keep contributing militarily to areas of conflict and not just think it can do humanitarian work. how big an issue out of that -- is that to you right now? >> following a summit last december -- i give a lot of credit to our european partners. they were skeptical about this. there is a strong commitment -- a way forward together in terms of the political and military strategy. the balkans have played a role. this is the kind of thing we look for in a partner. we have seen the country's showing they have the ability and the determin

be properly armed, if necessary, in order to ensure there are not wiped out -- like what happened in sarajevo? >> another important point. we are trying at the moment to make better contacted establish contact with the opposition to learn more about what their intentions are. clearly what we wanted and what is in our best interest in the interest of the whole world than the libyan people is a swift removal of gaddafi from his decision. that is what we want to achieve and it is certainly something we should consider. >> can you confirm there is nothing new or peculiar about relations between the british government and the libyan regime? would you confirm that after april 1984 that the metropolitan police, the thatcher government humiliated the commissioner of the metropolitan police are requiring him to provide policeman and an escort of the murderer to the airport so that he could get back safely to libya? >> that is a tortured way of making a political point. i would make when in return. you have to comply with international rules. under the last parliament, there was a discussion about the

resisting must be properly armed if necessary in order to ensure they are not wiped out as happened in sarajevo? >> this is an important point. we're trying to make a better contact, and established contact with the opposition to learn more about their intentions. what we want, what is and our interests is the swift removal of colonel khadagaddafi. if helping the opposition would bring that about, it is something we should consider. >> is there is nothing new or of labour about dodgy relations between the british red and the murderous libyan regime? would he agree further that after i in april of 1984, metropolitan police constable fletcher was shot dead from the libyan embassy, the thatcher government humiliated the commissioner of the metropolitan police by requiring him to provide policeman to -- policemen to provide an escort to the airport for the murder so he could get back to libya? >> i feel that was making a political point. i would make one in return. you have to comply with international rules. one simple point is under -- in the last parliament, there was a choice about whether to s

in sarajevo he met with other political leaders and urged all parties to conclude the formulation of the government and during his previous two days he had visits to armenia and jordan where he met with president sarkozy and the president of -- next week undersecretary marie will bein nigeria to discuss the process seas as nigeria continues to work towards an important election. >> it seems a bit unusual that you would shut down and suspend the operations with the embassy without having a protecting power wind up. i know that in two other cases where you have protecting powers, things were different but it took awhile to get swiss support in iran because things happened so quickly. can you explain why the decision was made to suspend operations if you did not have someone wind up? >> the situation on the ground was the reason for that. i think pat hinted at it. we are still sorting out what other countries plans are as well. we will be working to establish a protective power, but given the uncertainty, those conversations are ongoing. >> is the u.s. government in contact with any par

in sarajevo, he met with members of the tri-presidency and other political leaders to discuss the formation of a government. during his previous two days, he had visits to armenia, georgia and azerbaijan. he had meetings with e seval leaders. next week, under secretary will be in nigia to discuss the promotion of democratic institutions and processes as nigeria continues to work toward an important election. >> it seems a bit unusual that you would shut down -- suspend the operations of an embassy without having a protecting power line up. -- lined upp. i know that in the two other cases where you had protecting powers, things were different. it took awhile and iran because things happen so quickly. can you discuss why if you went ahead and decided to suspend operations if you did not have someone lineup >> the situation on the ground was the reason for that. i think that hinted at it. we are still sorting out with other countries what their plans are as well. we will be working to establish a protective power, but given the uncertainty of the situation, of bell was the direction we wanted