it was a simple program "no partition, a new jewish emigration, no jewish state. you could only accept the independent democratic era of state embracing all of palestine. another argument they've made, you might know tell similar some of the arguments made 50 years ago or similar to what you hear today the jews had no ancient history, the jews had no connection at all. and they said it is based on the desire to live in undisturbed possession of the country where the arabs continually existed in which they become inextricably interwoven. the jews were not defendants of ancient palesti the declaration was a violation of the league of nations in determination lot and not legitimate and as far as they were concerned the zionist goal was to prepare a jewish invasion to take palestine from the arab inhabitants. the fifth point* where this thing we could figure between bed jewish head of the agency in new york that would become israel's first ambassador to the u.s. he changed his name later, editor of the magazine and her associates believe schultz, now if you know, "the

the arabs rejected any jewish state and any borders. those who think the continued enmity toward israel is a problem of our continued presence is confusing cause and consequence. the attacks against us began in the 1920's, escalated into an all-out attack in 1948 with the declaration of israel's independence, continued with the fedayeen attacks in the 1950's and climaxed in 1967 on the eve of the six-day war in an attempt to tighten the noose around the neck of the state of israel. my dear friends, all of this occurred during the 50 years before a single israeli soldier ever set foot in judea and samaria. fortunately, egypt and jordan have left this circle of enmity, the signing of peace treaties with them have brought an end to their claims against israel, and an end to the conflict. bringing peace. to our regret, this is the case with the palestinians. the closer we get to an agreement with them, the further they retreat. they raise their demands, demands inconsistent with a true desire to end the conflict. many good people have told

he argues a jewish vote, if it existed was only an issue in a new york city. truman would be much more likely to win if he made policy based on the issue instead of merit. clifford turned out to be prophetic, if the jewish vote was a key to victory in the 1940 presidential election, then making policy to gain the votes prove to be a dismal failure per kabbalah states with a significant jewish population, truman only one illinois. a third explanation that has been given for w why t acted as he did, is he did it because he was a religious baptist day and christian science is the belief in biblical process of -- prophecies to the return of the jews to the ancient homeland. president truman never officially use religion as a reason to support the creation of a jewish state but it manifest itself both before he became president and after he recognized israel. truman claimed to have read the bible at least a dozen times before he was 15 and he looked to it for inspiration and guidance as an adult progress is senator, truman along with his congressional colleagues jo

my father was orthodox jewish. that as a whole other story. a good story. [laughter] maybe we will find it during the q&a time. my father, when he was growing up in temple was in a play about these very evens and he was one of the soldiers in the persian palace and he was to take his spear and stamp three times and say ladies and gentlemen, king [inaudible] i'm going to use keen xerxes because the disease year. king xerxes was the leader now, in chapter 31136, the plot begins to thicken and we are not going to go through all the chapters of esther but in chapters 3136 after these events, king xerxes promoted heymann, the son of hamidatha and established his authority over all the princes that were with him and all the king's servants at the king's gate bowed down and paid homage to haman for the king had commanded. but mortiki neither paid homage. in the king's servants at the king's gate said to him why are you trends transgressing the king's command. when the spoken daily to him and he wouldn't listen to them they told haman to see whether his reason what

hillel is a jewish campus life organization that has provided support and education to jewish and non-jewish students around the world. it was originally named after a sage who moved from back lonian to palestine in the first century. his wisdom is the foundation upon which this organization was built. it was founded in 1923 at the university of illinois- champaign urbana. it helped people throughout the great depression, world war ii and the holocaust. hillel was organized, adopted a new mission statement and became the organization we recognize today. for 85 years hillel has supported jewish expression and helped to break discriminatory barriers. its mission is to enrich the lives of jewish undergraduate and graduate students so that they may enrich the jewish people around around the world -- and around the world. provides grants, educational peer-organized trips and jewish content. it also educates non-jewish students to help break down religious and cultural barriers. hillel is open to any interested college student. today, hillel foundations are found in israel, south america and the f

would a jewish state be legal under international law? and ewing's study -- he concluded that a jewish state would be legal and not against any existing legal law. palestine had been turkish and the allies had given part of it to do jews who had a indisputable title and he recommended the u.s. stick to partition. now, at this point the issue is going to be turned back to the united nations. the head of the american delegation to the united nations was a man named warren g. austin. and warren g. austin was -- gave a few speeches, i'll concentrate on the most famous one in march. frita kearsewiggen was studying and talking to the all the delegates tu-u.n. warned truman that she thought the u.n. delegation in conjunction with the state department was planning to double-cross truman and that she had spoken to secretary of state robert lovett and that he was telling the press that state was beginning to take steps to revise partition and she warned truman in a couple of telegrams, they're really trying to double-cross you. austin prepared this

agency going to vote in palestine whether to proclaim a jewish state. he had a long talk and he came to see him in his office and the text is available. and he gave him and allergies between his experience trying to negotiate between the nationalists and communists in china and the chinese civil war and the chinese army and how everything he believed collapsed as eight reality hit him in the face with the strength of mao's zombies and he tried to get warnings and long arguments, serious long arguments using the situation in china's and algae as to why the how ghana would not be able to win and he tried to warn them. i understand what you're saying and your passion but please, go back there and tell ben-gurion we can't proclaim the jewish state and they voted against it because you are open to lose, and i found reality was and what i expected in china and you're going to find the same thing when your flight starts. he really believed that. he spoke as a military man, giving him a military assessment. he said i can understand your passion. and he listened

jewish americans don't vote primarily by the staff in israel. the economy takes a higher place when you ask jewish voters how they make their mind up. one more point is when you look at polls of american jews, most of them support a two-state solution and most of them support the free sentiment activity and there are different views as to what does it exactly mean? so far what president obama has been saying is pretty much in sync with the views of the jewish community over here. host: on line pro-palestinian advocates say winds of change in washington. the challenges facing palestinian advocate s. positive views of israelis are shared by 71%. while almost half the respondents in the poll said they wanted to see obama steer a middle course. 9% would like to see him lean toward the palestinians. >> american public opinion. that is true for the last three decades at least is very much in favor of israel. as a palestinian issue never gained much traction here with the american public opinion. that is one of the things that this poll reflects. even

after untold years of jewish sovereignty based in jerusalem, the land of the jewish people fell repeatedly to invaders, the syrians, persians, greeks, romans. jews were massacred and expelled and departure for so many developed into an unparalleled diaspora. from the 15th century to the early 20th century, it was under control of a caliphate based in eus tan buell. during this time many jews trourpbd their ancestral homeland. the ottoman empire collapsed after world war i and there was a mandate over the area known as palestine. the league of nations endorse and clarified this mandate in 1922, requiring britain to reconstitute a jewish national home within the territory they control in accordance with the declaration made by british foreign secretary balfour in 1917 making the restoration of jewish communities in that area a matter of international law. by the time world war ii had ended, there were more than 600,000 jews living in the british mandate of palestine. in 1947 the united nations approved a plan to partition the territory into arab and jewish states. the jewish agency accepted

i am quite offended by calling the whole media that jewish- owned a. it is an insult to the jewish people and to the media. host: good morning on our democrats' line. caller: good morning, and good morning to your guest. i respect her and to the most high, i like to say [greeting.] anyone who does not think that the events in iran affect us in the whole world needs to think twice. as a young man in my 20s i watched a daily basis the situation in 1979 and the hostage situation. i learned so much and there was no internet or twitter, none of that nonsense. that was an experience i will never forget. you have names, various ones, and that the ayatollah -- let me say something. of the lunacy of an attack would bring so much chaos and destruction to the world's pipeline, we have no troops, and there are some young people and iran who need democracy. i would hope that this particular situation will lead to the overthrow of the ayatollahs and mullahs and the lunatic ahmadinejad -- i am not trying to be a wise guy, but this is our time. anyone who lives in ame

my father was raised orthodox jewish, some jewish on my father's side and gentile on my mother's side, it's a long story, good story. maybe we'll find it during the q & a side. my father who he was growing up in temple he was in a forum play, a play about these very events and he was supposed -- he was the guard -- one of the soldiers in persian, you know, and he was to take his sphere, ladies and gentlemen, king -- the plot begins to thicken and we're not going to go through all the chapters of esther today. but in chapter 3 one through six king xerxes permitted the son advanced him and established his authority over all the princes who were with him. and all the king's servants bow jed down and bowed down but mortik confirmation and we'll talk more in a moment, he neither bowed down or paid homage and they said to him, why are you transgressing the king's command? now it was when they had spoken daily to him and he would not listen to him, that they told him to see where his reason to stand for he told them he was a jew and when he saw he neither bowed down nor paid homage to him, h

vote in palestine about whether to proclaim a jewish state. he had a long talk with mosha and he came to see him in his office and the text is available. and he gave him analogies between his experience trying to negotiate between the nationalists and communists in china. and the chinese civil war. and the chinese armies and how everything he believed collapsed as a reality hit him in the face in the strength of the mao's army and he tried to warn him and he seriously gave him long armies saying, serious long, long argument using that situation in china as an analogy. as to why the hagana would not be able to win and he tried to warn him. i understand what you're saying. i understand your passion. but please go back there and tell them we can't proclaim a jewish state in may. vote against it because you're going to lose and i found reality was not what i expected in china and you're going to find the same thing when your fight starts. he really believed that. he spoke to him as a military man giving him a military assessment. he said i can und

the jewish people lay claim to this area since biblical times. the establishment of the jewish state of israel formalized the return of their homeland by an international agreement. both the united states and the u.n. including the soviet union, recognized the state of israel. the day after the jewish state was established in 1948, it was invaded by six surrounding arab nations. a negotiated cease fire ended hostility, with jerusalem being split in the middle between israel and jordan. in 1967, israel was once again invaded by syria from the north, jordan from the east and jirpt from the southwest. -- egypt from the southwest. israel expanded its border by including the golan heights that was controlled by syria, the west bank controlled by jordan and gaza controlled by egypt. some would have you believe that the establishment changed the borders of arab states in an agreement that existed for centuries. that is incorrect. the boundaries of the middle east countries were fixed by western powers after turkey was defeated in world war i. the french

you didn't say liberal jewish intellectuals. you said liberal intellectuals. the paper until recently, wrote a lot for the guardian. and the independent particularly has the kind of extravagantly antiisrael writing. it's not really just the last. i mean, there -- you must remember the great conservative romance with the purity of the deserts, t.e. lawrence, and the sense in the kind of romantic consecutivism of the last century. the 19th century and the 20th century in which the arab was incredibly idealized in a way, and the jew if you think about the trollops way we live now, is the modernity, so there's a slightly golf club, patronizing snobbery about the jew. pound had it and again, very much a european style. but there's no doubt you're right there is a degree of something unhinged, hostility towards israel government policy. i'm not a great admirer of current israeli poll simple i'm sort of peace now, but i'm a zionist. i believe in the jewish state and the palestineish state. i'm a two-state solution person. but has it shadowed into without daring to ca

he was jewish and he was her closest ally. she consulted him for everything and together they drafted policies that would enable many more jewish immigrants to get to the united states before the holocaust. this has been a surprise to some holocaust scholars to have frances perkins name emmert but his papers, anti-roe daily letters come to his parents in boston, the letters are at the massachusetts historical society. they talk about what she did to try to bring jewish and labor leaders and intellectuals to the united states but specifically, at one point you wanted, she sent him to the ilo to represent the united states in the 1930's. the international level-- laborer organization and he asked her aren't you worried about me going? you are sending me to the middle of europe. i am jewish. and she said, don't be ridiculous. of course i am sending you. you are our best person. >> what reaction she may have had-- i will start again. i would like to ask what reaction frances perkins may have had in 1947 with the passage of the taf

people or jewish-owned property nationwide. sadly and shamefully my own state of new jersey had more reported anti-semitic incidents, 238, than any other state in the union. the attack on the holocaust museum is the most ominous aspect of this evil wave we have seen world wye and in our own con-- worldwide and in our own country. the holocaust museum is a unique institution. it is a memorial, a center of holocaust scholarship and promoter of tolerance. it is a very powerful symbol of the sol late of america for those murdered in the holocaust and with the jewish people as well. mr. speaker, at this critical moment we need government officials at all levels to denounce without hesitation or delay every anti-semitic act wherever and whenever it occurs. no exceptions. at this moment not to speak out enables the purveyors of hate. they never take a holiday. they never grow weary. nor should we. just as mr. base runner attacked the holocaust memorial museum and murdered a courageous security officer tasked with its protection, holoc

after returning from the land of israel, caleb reports to the jewish people that we should surely go up and inherit the land for we are certainly able. rabbi schiff's hard work on behalf of the jewish community has been tireless and always with contagious optimism. no task is too large and no cause is without merit. but his greatest achievement is his family, including his lovely wife, shirley, and his three adult sons, elliott, his wife alyssa, and their children michael and brook, jeffrey, his wife,riesa and their children. steven, his wife jacqueline, and their children, jennifer and jeremy. the opening prayer rabbi schiff presented today reflects his intellectual fiber as well as a determination to improve our community and our country. i thank rabbi schiff for his invocation and look forward to working with him in the years ahead. thank you, mr. speaker. the speaker pro tempore: the chair will entertain up to 10 further requests for one-minute speeches on each side of the aisle. for what purpose does the gentlewoman from massachusetts rise? ms. tsongas: to address the house for

more than the entire jewish population of israel today. denying that fact is baseless, it is ignorant and it is hateful. threatening israel with destruction or repeating stereotypes about jews is deeply wrong and only served to evoke in the minds of israelis this most painful memories while preventing the peace that the people of this region deserve. on the other hand, it is also undeniable that the palestinian people, muslims and christians, have suffered in pursuit of a homeland. for more than 60 years, they have endured the pain of this location. many wait in a refugee camps in the west bank, gaza in neighboring lands for a life of peace and security that they have never been able to lead. the endure the daily humiliations, large and small, that come with occupation. so, let there be no doubt, the situation for the palestinian people is intolerable. and america will not turn our backs on the legitimate palestinian aspiration for dignity, opportunity and a state of their own. [applause] for decades then, there has been a stalemate. two p

and this jewish guy created a foundation. he met this palestinian not in palestine. this young jewish guy is now of foundation. he gives lectures to a 15 year old. questions, muslims. and they learn together to work on computers after-school time. and these and christians, moslems, jews will be once the leaders of palestine and of itself. i saw them. i give them a lot of money. something like 70,000. it was for 22 students. it's not that much. i must to of a bit more. you have to buy more books. and everything goes to charity. and i hope when i met them, when i met these in people and i said and what about the religion? what do you think? they said what are you asking me? they find is so ridiculous that there should be a difference. one of them was you and another one was christian an and another one was muslim. if you read the car run what i s only one. our god and your got. it is one. there are not three counts. they have different names. jehova, god, and alah. but even the christians in the eastern world say alah to god. and the young people find it ridiculous.

i think obama has no idea that israel was built on the blood and sweat of the jewish people. every blade of grass, every tree has been a successful effort because of the jewish people understanding they would have a safe homeland forever. he could not possibly understand this or he would know that the jewish people have tried time and time again to give the palestinians land and bring a peaceful solution, but every attempt, every attempt was returned with violence. palestinians use gaza to attack israel. as far as i'm concerned, their only agenda is to wipe israel off the face of the earth. and he reprimands the israeli people, obama, like he's a professor and they're the school children. i was embarrassed to watch his press conference with the great war hero benjamin netanyahu who has helped keep his country safe for many years. obama sat there with complete arrogance that he is now the new american power, able to dictate what he thinks is best for israel. so how worried are we supposed to be now? was i hearing things when he said that iran might have the right to nuclear po

more than the entire jewish population of israel today. denying that fact is baseless, ignored, and hateful. threatening israel with destruction or repeating by lead stereotypes about the jews is deeply wrong and only serves to invoke in the minds of israelis this most painful of memories while preventing the peace that the people of this region deserve. on the other hand, it is also undeniable that the palestinian people, most loans and christians, have suffered in pursuit of a homeland. -- muslims and christians have suffered in pursuit of a homeland. many have experienced being displaced. they are trying to have a life of peace and security that they have not been able to lead. they endure the daily humiliations large and small that come with occupation. let there be no doubt, the tuation for the palestinian people is intolerable. america will not turn our backs on the legitimate palestinian aspirations for demint, opportunity, and a state -- dignity and opportunity. [applause] for decades there has been a stalemate. two peebles with le

that is more than the entire jewish population of israel today. denying that fact is baseless, ignorant, and it is hateful. threatening israel with destruction or repeating vile stereotypes about jews is wrong. it only serves to evoke the most painful memories. on the other hand, it is also undeniable that the palestinian people, muslims and christians, have suffered in pursuit of a homeland. for more than 60 years, they have endured the pain of dislocation. many wait in refugee camps in the west bank, gaza, and neighboring lands looking for peace and security. they endure the daily humiliations, large and small, that come with occupation. let there be no doubt, the situation for the palestinian people is intolerable america will not turn our backs on the legitimate palestinian aspiration for dignity, opportunity, and a state of peace. [applause] for decades, there has been a stalemate, a two peoples with legitimate aspirations, each with a painful history that makes compromise elusive. it is easy to point fingers. it is easy for palestinians to p

and she put out the ad stop the state department conspiracy against jewish palestine. eleanor roosevelt said this is a grave embarrassment to the when the president said the worse than during the president and making a public protests. she did not want to go on record at the same time it to appear as a fast pressure dinner. >> what you are saying reminds me of my mother many decades ago when to a meeting where an american communist spoke and said the state department will always remain the same, presidents will come and go. [laughter] as i am reading your book and watching pbs behind closed doors, i am impressed with roosevelt thought he could charm and the entrances chant -- in transient people like staal and now we have a president who seems to feel likewise. i don't know there's a question and there but i am wondering. your book is terrific. >> everybody can buy one and we will sign copies. [laughter] we watched last night's episode as well. a terming fdr a thames had to believe he thought he could even charm the south park 35 he would go there and as we argue, they

i believe in the jewish state. i'm a two-state solution person. but hasn't shadowed into without daring to call itself that, a kind of assertive anti-semitism, the answer is yes, in my view. and it's something actually which friends of mine who are jewish and public intellectuals, phrase slightly makes my blood freeze, but like how jacobsen for example and jonathan freedman are really aware of. and we just launch ourselves over it actually. i refuse to be taking an apologist by the israeli government which is especially unsavory and anti-semitic implications. i think it's worth in britain than in germany for example. it's a british thing which i am so under sort of worried about and i see a growing actually. [inaudible] >> it seems to me a little ironic that you should be advocating the abolition of social studies in favor -- >> only the name. >> welcome in our high school controversies. on the one hand, you've got the new approach which is social studies or cultural world history. and on the other hand just history. and i thought i was on your si

you know that yesterday he said he was committed to the jewish state of israel, senator mitchell said and i will let it stand at that. >> president clinton said when he was tried to work a deal in 2000i believe that demilitarization was acceptable. and i'm paraphrasing but he did use the word demilitarization. has the obama administration tacitly agreed with israel that any palestinian state would not be allowed to have a standing military? >> well, i think i'll just say that in any solution that we work out -- israel needs to have its security concerns taken very seriously and worked out. but i'm not going to jump ahead and say what exactly that package would entail specifically. this is something for the two parties to work out for themselves. >> can use a with a secretary clinton has communicated with any former bush demonstration officials in order to help clarify her own understanding of what commitments the united states may or may not have made to israel in relation to settlement activity? >> no, i don't have anything for you on that. >> what about settlements? the white house

this was the first wholly jewish military unit since biblical times. and kosciuszko was very pleased with this and he wrote in his newspaper, the government gazette, which was the propaganda organization and the nothing will help us than the fact we set aside the different religions and traditions of those who support our uprising and that that theirj( own free will they offered to lay down their lives. kosciuszko's article went on to explain how jews had suffered over the centuries but now they were willing to die for poland. and when the fighting started, even the ambassadors from austria and sweden started writing to their king saying this is unusual because even the jews are taking up arms. and a couple of weeks later, there was an appeal in the government gazette to the jews saying listen, children, of the tribes of israel, yee who have in their@yq implanted the image of god almighty all that are willing to help in the struggle for the father land, we act. the time has come to consecrate for our strength let us fight for our country. my beloved b

i am not jewish, but we cannot abandon the jewish people either because they are our friends. that last phone call written a thought that would be over when obama was elected. i did not like it against bush, i do not like it against the present government, but anyway, syria -- i am not educated like you, sir, but they have been around a long time and created a lot of mischief. i don't know if that is the smartest thing that we should do. guest: those are all good points, again. there is a balance that i think this administration is trying to strike between trying to clear the air and not been seen a going around the world and apologizing. he has been criticized particularly by conservative republicans in congress for doing that. in terms of syria, i think what -- in terms of the whole middle east, and you mentioned israel, what the administration is trying to do is to bring more balance to the relationship between t united states and israel and the united states and its arab neighbors so that it can regain our role s and honest broker. during the bush administration we were se

militarized nation and israel's security needs, and if palestinians recognize israel as a state of the jewish people, we will be ready in a future peace agreement to reach a solution where a demilitarized palestinian state exists alongside the jewish state. host: back to the issue of health care. tom daschle is controlling the cost of mel practice the insurance will have to be part of the overhaul of health care. another 15 minutes of your thoughts on taxing health care benefits as the ama gets ready to hear from the president today. caller: a lot of people here are not looking at results. what is the result of single payer health care? eventually, there will be rationing. the solution is what the person from michigan said. the government does not need to control, allowing people to pull together -- pool together to negotiate. that would be the solution instead of all these other things. what will happen since everyone of these countries, britain, canada, people come to america when they need a serious operation. you cannot get the kind of service that you want over there. i wish people would

, orthodox, jewish, protestant catholic, that's what we call a totally impartial secular administration. in other words, when on duty, at the actual place where they work there must be no visible signs of whatever religion they belong to. secondly, the fact that young girls may choose to wear a veil or head scarf is not a problem for as long as they have actually chosen to do so as opposed to this being imposed upon them by their families or by their environment. in france, in a country like france where everyone can live according to their convictions and beliefs, we respect the individual, we respect women, we respect the family. i've also done a lot when i was home secretary minister of the interior to ensure the muslim community in france could practice their religion and creed like any other -- any other religion or creed in france. now, you belong to a newspaper i have a lot of respect for, which called for its readers to vote in the presidential election for my adversary and not for me. and what would you say to justify this? you said, well, be careful, president sarkozy is going

is interesting to recall that in 1969 it was exactly 1 roman catholic, one jewish justice, and all the rest were protestants, protestants and it is cotillion. the majority of justices now are roman catholic, two jewish justices, and when souter leaves, there will be exactly 1 protestant. i am not suggesting you can trace a cause and effect between the justice's religions and how they vote, but it is an interesting way of commenting on how the court reflects the changing of democracy itself. the confirmation process. back in the 50's, especially in the new deal days, confirmations were fairly and exciting. it was not until 1953 that justices and nominees appeared before the senate judiciary committee. now especially since the bork hearings, is passionate political contests, guerrilla theater, and that has politicized the process of confirmation. i think today we know a lot more about what goes on in the court and then we did in 1969. i remember in the 1960's, justice is -- justices rarely talked to the press. today, we have more transparency. justices do more traveling in support is mor

the city overnight turned into a jewish city. yesterday, the president -- which i'm very proud of -- he alluded to the issue of the palestinians by saying that we have a just cause. he said that we were misplaced. i would like you to talk about it. guest: he used the word displacement. i think there is no question that as the historians go over the 1948 war, this has probably been one of the most hotly contested issues, the refugee crisis and its origins. historians tend to say that the caller is right partly. some of the arabs at the time were displaced. a lot of that displacement -- i do not know his specific case -- happened when the arab states attacked israel the day it was born. i think if there was not a war, you would not have seen a refugee price -- and refugee crisis. you did not see the arab world doing with the arab refugees. you can't just look backward, we have to look forward. how do we bring a solution to bring dignity to all sides? it seems to me, the way is through the peace process. the refugee issue is one of

i grew up in a jewish community in richmond -- in richmond va.. we valued charity, justice, and acts of loving kindness. i have seen how much good a religious community can achieve when it extends a welcoming hand and resolves to lift people up. for those who still doubt the faith based communities that ability to lift our society to a higher plane than would exist without these groups, just ask the students at asper runs the academy charter high-school. at a school district with a 43% latino dropout rate, the high- school graduated 628 of its six honored 30 students. [applause] -- 630 students. make no mistakes -- america is a stronger place where it's safe communities are strong and its charities active and vibrant. faced can serve to remind us -- faith can serve to remind us of [unintelligible] a major theme of the hebrew bible is to welcome a stranger. we are commanded not to press a stranger for you know the heart of the stranger. seeing you, we are strangers in the land of egypt. or consider deuteronomy -- love you there for the stranger for

it is interesting to recall that in 1969, it was exactly one roman catholic on the court, one jewish justice, and all the rest were protestants, mostly press buy tearian and e piss ka pailian and now by contrast, the majority are roman catholic, two jewish justices and once souter leaves the court, there will be exactly one protestant. again, i'm not suggesting that you can trace any cause and effect between the justices' religions and how they vote on cases, but it's an interesting way of commenting on how the court reflects the changing demography of the country itself. fourthly, the confirmation process. back in the '50's, 50 or so years ago, especially back in the new deal days before that, confirmations were fairly unexciting. it was not until 1953 that justices -- that nominees regularly appeared before the senate judiciary committee. now we know especially since the board hearings in 1987, it is a passion of political contests, guerilla theater between contending forces that. has politicized the process of nomination confirmation. i think today we know a great deal more about

i grew up in a jewish community in richmond, virginia, that valued what we call sadaka, charity and justice, and acts of loving kindness. i have seen how much good a religious community can achieve when it extends a welcoming hand and resolve to lift people up. for those who still doubt the faith-based community's ability to lift our society to a higher plain than would exist without these groups, just ask the students at the academy charter high school in philadelphia, in a school district with a 43% latino dropout rate, eespransa high graduated 628 of its 630 students. [applause] make no mistake, america is a stronger place when its faith communities are strong, its charities, active and vibrant. faith can also serve to remind us of how our nation should treat its newest members. a major theme of the hebrew bible is to welcome the stranger. from exodus to lev it cuss to dute ron my, to the profits, we are commanded not to -- fro profets, we seeing yes were strangers in the land of egypt. or consider love yes therefore the stranger for yes were strangers in the land of egypt. thetora, the

it is the 15th anniversary of the passing of rabbi schneerson, one of the great jewish leaders of our time. thank you, rabbi harlig for joining us in the senate today. following leader remarks there will be a period of morning business for up to one hour. senators will be permitted to speak for up to ten minutes each. the republicans will control the first 30 minutes. the majority will control the final 30 minutes. following morning business, the senate will turn to executive session to resume debate on the nomination of harold koh to be legal advisor for the department of state. we hope some of the post cloture debate time can be yielded back and we'll be able to vote on the nomination as early as possible. if we're unable to yield any time, the vote would occur about 5:30 this evening. we're working on an agreement to consider a legislative branch appropriations bill. senators will be notified when votes will be scheduled or agreements reached. madam president, it's my understanding that s. 1344 is at the desk and due for a second reading. the presiding officer: the clerk will read

this was the first hole lead jewish military unit since biblical times. and kosciuszko was pleased with this and he wrote in his newspaper, the government gazette which was the propaganda organization of the union that nothing will convince other nations of sanctity of cause and the just of the revolution them fact we set aside different religions and traditions of those that support our uprising and that of our own free will be offered to lay down their lives. kosciuszko's article went on to explain how jews suffered over the centuries but now they were willing to die for poland. and when the fighting started, even the embassadors from austria and sweden started writing saying this is unusual because even the jews are taking up arms. and a couple of weeks later there was an appeal written in the government is said to the jews saying listen, children of the tribes of israel, you who have in your heart implanted the image of god almighty, all five are willing to help in the struggle for the fatherland we should act, the time has come to concentrate, concen

changes and it is interesting to recall in 1969 there is exactly one roman catholic on the courts, one jewish justice and all the rest are protestants. mostly presbyterian episcopalian and now by contrast to the majority of justices are roman catholic, to jewish justices and one justice souter leaves there'll be exactly one protestant. again i am not suggesting that chicken tracing a kind of cause and a price between the the justices religions and how they vote on cases, but it is an interesting way of commenting on how the courts reflect the changing demography of the country itself. fourthly, the confirmation process. packin the 50 is or so years ago and especially back in new deal days before then, confirmations were fairly and exciting. it was not until 1953 that justices in nominees regularly were before the senate judiciary committee. harlem was from that point on words and now we know especially since the board hearings in 1987 it is strong, it is a passionate political contest of guerrilla theater between contending forces and that has politicized the process of nomination confirmatio

exile in switzerland spread funeral mass is withheld in catholic, lutheran and calvinist churches even jewish temples and muslim mosques health services where the worshipers prayed for god to take kosciuszko's sold to heaven. think about it. it europe have gone through decades of ethnic and religious strife yet everybody pay for his soul. kosciuszko was born in feudalistic year of at a time the polish life of the ne commonwealth banned from the black sea to the baltic. kosciuszko's family had a modest estate and under feudalism if you own the land he owned the people on the land. so his family owned 31 peasant families told the fields that belong to his family. feudalism, the families that owned slaves, these slaves worked from day on till night. but poland had a form of democracy were the kings were elected and their king at the time of the kosciuszko's birth was elected thanks to the help of his lover, catherine the great of russia. russia started having more and more impact in polish society at this time so a lot of polls were trying to find a way to help drive out the russians. one of the