the first will be ken katzman, senior analyst for the congressional research service. he is appearing today in a personal capacity. he served in the late 1980's for the cia as a persian gulf analysts. he joined us and the aftermath of a liberation of kuwait. he is responsible for iraq, iran, and afghanistan policy currently. next, vice-president for policy and an expert on regional security in the least and the central asia and at the russian federation. he has consulted with both the cia and the department of defense and provided assistance on foreign-policy and national- security matters. he is an adjunct professor. he is a member of the committee on the present danger. he is an editor of the journal about security affairs. he most recently finished a book concerning tehran's strategies on confronting the islamic challenge. the next guest has written extensively. he was a research fellow at the congressional research service. he is a member of the committee of present dangers also. he is also on the board of editors of middle east quarterly. i will turn it over to ke

and so to discuss that we have three panel cysts, and first -- panelists, and first will be ken katzman. he's a senior analyst for the research service, and he's not speaking for crs or any member or committee of commerce. he joined crs in 1991 in the aftermath of the liberation of kuwait, and he has twice been detailed to the house foreign affairs committee, and he's responsible for iraq, iran, and afghanistan policy. following ken will be ilan berman, vice president for policy of the american foreign policy council and an expert on regional security in the middle east, central asia and the russian federation. he is consulted with both the cia and the department of defense and provided assistance on foreign policy and national security matters to a range of governmental agencies and congressional offices. he is an adjunct professor, he's a member of the committee on the present danger and the editor of the journal for international security affairs. he is the author of articles, books, and most recently edited the book, taking on tehran: strategies for confronting the islamic republi