the situation in south sudan. that's what i want to say. thank you. and we have a discussion more. [applause] [applause] >> thanks very much, for your comprehensive analysis of the picture, the very confused picture right now. i'm going to open the floor up to questions in a moment. perhaps first of all, i could ask you to think about -- let's look at the very short-term picture and the actual referendum process itself and perhaps the role of the international community in that process. we're told it's going to take -- obviously if everything takes place over the whole of this week, the final outcome won't be known for several weeks after that. we might have some results trickling out, i suppose, in the mean time, all of which creates conditions for uncertainty and perhaps instability. and perhaps the worse-case scenario, the outcome itself might be contested. face with the potential pitch, what's the role for the international community, do you think? and how -- particularly how should it be coordinating it's res

so in general, instability in south sudan is not -- but the political stability in south sudan cannot happen unless there is a stability north sudan. and if this is a stable advisory. if the south hits one area, the north will be able to hurt it and vice versa. it's important there is stability in both, and if people want the stability in the south to progress, they have to seek the stability in the north. and ithink pluralism is the direction. for both south sudan and north, given the diversity of cultures and regional interest. it appears the splm is aware of this. they had the south of all parties on the conference, they agreed during the framework, it is still on paper. it needs to be implemented after the referendum, and the referendum of the party is over, so they move towards pluralism. but the problem in the north even if that president basheer recently said he's calling for the national unity. it's a calling. but looking into the last 20 years and the six years, can we imagine that you had our 100% cpa to 28% or 48% of that and now there is a possibility to go to 100%. they a

in south sudan entrepreneurs pump water to fill up tankers. private water collection and sales from rivers and wells is big business here. particularly during the dry season. but for customers the water often comes at a high cost. >> it is a good business for them but this is spreading diseases. >> reporter: dr. justin bruno directs the children's hospital in the town of juba. >> the water is not... it is just flowing naturally. the people just drink it. it's not boiled. >> reporter: what happens as a result? >> diseases. people get acute diarrhea. people get bloody diarrhea. and typhoid fever. that is rampant in this town and in southern sudan. >> reporter: you can trace that right back to the.... >> right back to the river water. >> reporter: patients suffer not only from preventable diseases but even if they make it to a health care facility often from inadequate treatment. this essentially is the waiting room of the only children's hospital in south sudan. the health care system, such as it is here, is barely functioning. most people have

the situation in south sudan. that's what i want to say. thank you. and we have a discussion more. [applause] [applause] >> thanks very much, for your comprehensive analysis of the picture, the very confused picture right now. i'm going to open the floor up to questions in a moment. perhaps first of all, i could ask you to think about -- let's look at the very short-term picture and the actual referendum process itself and perhaps the role of the international community in that process. we're told it's going to take -- obviously if everything takes place over the whole of this week, the final outcome won't be known for several weeks after that. we might have some results trickling out, i suppose, in the mean time, all of which creates conditions for uncertainty and perhaps instability. and perhaps the worse-case scenario, the outcome itself might be contested. face with the potential pitch, what's the role for the international community, do you think? and how -- particularly how should it be coordinating it's res

there is no suit sudan -- south sudan identity. when it comes to elections, everybody goest to their constituency. that's why the issue of some of the southerners say why do we need to jeopardize our religion? it's so small thing. but the people, the leaders at the top who are from ab yea said, no. people still go to yourr constituents. who are you? whereh, are you from?o if you say you are from abica, who's going to vote for you? so there is no, that issue of identity, they need to work. and the beginning of it is to set up the rule of the law, the rule of the land, where theyenes need to agree and to put the political system for inclusiveness. and then, definitely, if that stage is there, we'll be able to create the conditions fromhu shifting from humanitarian assistance into a long-term rehabilitation reconstruction which is, it's going to be ideologically, of course,vern driven. or is it an inclusive government to put that framework for reconstruction and development? definitely, it is a challenge.hi finally, i come to the ques

the president of the government of south sudan. upon returning from that trip, i along with other members introduced a resolution in the house calling for the right of self-determination for the people of south sudan and it passed this body. i recall over a dozen visits to south sudan in the darfur refugee camps with representatives it lee and wolf and tancredo along with senator feingold, senator frist, senator brownback, all dedicated members of this institution at that time. after one such visit in 2004, i sponsored a resolution to call the world's attention to the atrocities in darfur which passed the house overwhelmingly the first time that the congress recognized on going genocide while it was going on. i recall visits to nairobi in 2004 and 2005 and the negotiation nags culminated in the signing of the cpa on january 9th of 2005 in nairobi where i witnessed that. i will ask that the rest of my statement it be added to the record since the gavel has been hit, but i do agree that the abby yea believe should be involved before

the situation in south sudan. that's what i want to say. thank you. and we have a discussion more. [applause] [applause] >> thanks very much, for your comprehensive analysis of the picture, the very confused picture right now. i'm going to open the floor up to questions in a moment. perhaps first of all, i could ask you to think about -- let's look at the very short-term picture and the actual referendum process itself and perhaps the role of the international community in that process. we're told it's going to take -- obviously if everything takes place over the whole of this week, the final outcome won't be known for several weeks after that. we might have some results trickling out, i suppose, in the mean time, all of which creates conditions for uncertainty and perhaps instability. and perhaps the worse-case scenario, the outcome itself might be contested. face with the potential pitch, what's the role for the international community, do you think? and how -- particularly how should it be coordinating it's res

south sudan would be one of the poorest nations on earth. paved roads and health clinics are almost nonexistent, and illiteracy is about 85%. add to that a continued fear of renewed violence. the crucial agreement on oil revenue sharing still languishes. and besides north/south tensions, there's also a long history of deadly violence among tribes in the south. but none of that concerns marisa right now. >> ( translated ): all i can think of is to vote. >> reporter: not far from her, the polling places were preparing for that big event, with help from the international groups trying to ensure the election is conducted cleanly. polls will be open seven days, beginning sunday. results are expected to be announced by mid-february. >> woodruff: fred's report is a partnership with the pulitzer center on crisis reporting, and the undertold stories project at saint mary's university in minnesota. >> lehrer: next, the second of our conversations with republican members of the new house majority. last week, we talked with several democrats who lost th

the president of the government of south sudan. upon returning from that trip, i along with other members introduced a resolution in the house calling for the right of self-determination for the people of south sudan and it passed this body. i recall over a dozen visits to south sudan in the darfur refugee camps with representatives it lee and wolf and tancredo along with senator feingold, senator frist, senator brownback, all dedicated members of this institution at that time. after one such visit in 2004, i sponsored a resolution to call the world's attention to the atrocities in darfur which passed the house overwhelmingly the first time that the congress recognized on going genocide while it was going on. i recall visits to nairobi in 2004 and 2005 and the negotiation nags culminated in o i will ask that the rest of my statement it be added to the record since the gavel has been hit, but i do sanctionsing are released. we see what's happened in india with cashmere still a question. we don't want abiya to be a question 20 years

he would be the leader of south sudan. he will be leading a fractious nation which has seen its own ethnic divisions erupt in violence from time to time. there are a number of worries about how well the south will hold together, but again in the euphoria of this vote, everybody is very united in the south. we haven't heard a peep about the potential problems with the southern tribes. >> suarez: fred de sam lazaro is in juba in south sudan. fred, good to talk with you. >> good to talk with you, ray. >> ifill: fred's report is a partnership with the pulitzer center on crisis reporting and the undertold stories project at saint mary's university in minnesota. >> lehrer: again, on the tucson tragedy today, the man charged with shooting arizona congresswoman gabrielle giffords appeared in federal court in phoenix. jared loughner was ordered held without bail. the congresswoman remained heavily sedated, with a brain wound, in a tucson hospital. doctors again expressed optimism about her recovery. and to kwame holman in our newsr

their mother,ñ left the north because she felt if south sudan seceded she'd be labeled as a foreigner and lose her rights. >> she says living back in the south won't be easy but prefering to be home until a peace, she's ready to start tilling the land if necessary. >> a song with a message from a singer with a grudge. mary boiys father and brother were killed in the war. she pushes for neas sudan. >> i will not accept. again, i'm going to the bottom. we will set sudan free. we will go to the bottom and keep them away coming to our country. ♪ >> opinions are so one-side this vote will be unriggable. this egstord nair struggle for independence is almost over then comes the daunting task of building a country almost from stratch. >> and stay with us still ahead on the program. the winter world cup, the president says he expects he expects it to be staged in january. >> the president of france nicholas sarkozy said christian minorities are are becoming victims of what he called religious cleansing of he described wicked attackeds as a wicket program to clins phlegm the middle east. >> t

their mother left the north because she feared if south sudan is he seeded, she would be labeled as a foreigner and lose her rights. she said living back in the south won't be easy, but preferring to be home and a peace, she is ready to start tilling the land if necessary. a song with a message from a singer with a grudge. her father and brother were killed in the war. she now uses her voice to push for an end to united sudan. >> i will not accepteded united sudan. again, i will go to the border and fight from there to keep them away from coming into our country. >> opinion is so one-sided, this vote will be unriggable. this extraordinary struggle for independence is almost over. then comes the daunting task of building a country almost from scratch. will ross, "bbc news," southern sudan. >> and stay with us. still ahead, mumbai's night of a thousand stars, rolling out the red carpet for the start of bolywood's awards season. >> the president of france has said christian minorities in the middle east are becoming victims of what he calls religious cleansing. from pairs, christian repo

and sunday's referendum on whether it the south of sudan it should declare independence. the european union has been marked by ceremonies in budapest, but overshadowed by it been new media law which is seen as an attack on the freedom of the press. we have this from jonathan markets. >> budapest's splendid parliament building. six months, and hungary will be squarely in the european spot like you yet the prime minister arrived at his press conference. the controversial new media law is seen as a full-scale assault on the freedom of the press. yet he has been fighting of criticism from home and abroad. othe authority of the hungarian media committee is not bigger than any other european country. if it turns out that the european country wants to make legal changes, we will consider changing the law. >> this is not convinced many journalists, certainly not those working for newspapers the taken a different line from the ruling party. the prime minister's claim that he only has the best of intentions is met with skepticism. >> he says, you saw it a good guy. it is the same w

in south sudan, with our assistance, the people were finally able to vote for independence after years of war. thousands lined up before dawn. people danced in the streets. one man who lost four of his brothers at war summed up the scene around him -- "this was a battlefield for most of my life. now we want to be free." we saw that same desire to be free in tunisia, where the will of the people proved more powerful than the writ of a dictator. and tonight, let us be clear -- the united states of america stands with the people of tunisia, and supports the democratic aspirations of all people. we must never forget that the things we have struggled for, and fought for, live in the hearts of people everywhere. and we must always remember that the americans who have borne the greatest burden in this struggle are the men and women who serve our country. tonight, let us speak with one voice in reaffirming that our nation is united in support of our troops and their families. let us serve them as well as they have served us -- by giving them the equipment they need, by providing them with the

independece in south sudan would also boost the independence in darfur. especially if there is another opening. perhaps, with this in mind, this of sudanese president has made extensive efforts -- the south sudan president has made extensive efforts. the most powerful of these groups, the justice and equality movement, which launched a raid on the capitol itself, something previously thought impossible. the dispute over a border region, lying along the north- south and border, also has the potential to spike into a civil war. hundreds of local residents were killed in 2008 between forces of the north and south. a separate referendum to be held separately with an independence vote will determine whether abyei joins the north or the south. most are expected to join. the arabs, who pasture there herd's there for most of the year, will be included in the voting. there are few signs the referendum will take place on time. khartoum has said it is necessary. there is new violence in the already war ravaged territory. officials now speak of annexing abyei, but on

government of sudan, the government of south sudan, the neighboring countries, the international community have to recognize and respect that result. and then we have enormous range of outstanding very difficult issues that still need to be negotiated between the north and the south. borders, citizenship, wealth sharing. the oil-reach region, etc. >> rose: but this is also, though, a place where china and the united states can coopera. arwe seein th kindf cooperation that you hope for on this particular issue? >> yes. and it was a subject that has come up... came up yesterday between president hu and president obama but it's come up repeatedly in the eight meetings that they've had over the last two years. and i think it is, in fact, an area where our interests converge. china has much more direct economic interests in sudan than we do. we have sanctions. >> rose: they have contracts for their oil. >>nd chise oil workers the field... >> rose: are building the... >> and what they recognize is that in terms of the reference dumb that it needs to be... promote peace and stability and not a re

a ballot boxes are being delivered in sudan on whether the south should declare independence from the rest of the country. >>> the start of hungary's presidency of the european union has been marked by ceremonies in budapest but overshadowed by criticism. at the media laws concede -- the new media laws are concedeare sn as an attack on freedom of the press. >> six months when hungary will be squarely in european spot light when they assume the presidency. when the hungarian prime minister arrived at a press conference, it was the media that was the subject of the debate. the new media law is seen as a full-scale assault on the freedom of the press. he has had to fight off criticism from home and abroad. >> the authority of the hon. media companies are now bigger than any european country. if it turns out the european commission requests us to change it, we will consider that. >> his defense of the new legislation has not convinced journalists. the prime minister's claim only to have better retention has met with skepticism. >> imagine i live in a neighborhood where somebody is walking

there was an arbitration that decided the south sudan against the oil fields around the border. everything is right for major terrorist violence there. this is a place where the world community has to do much more to head it off or we will be remembering sudan as any thing -- as worse than anything we've seen in years, where stem what ns going on in -- worse tha what is going on in darfur. >> kashmir suffers from the fact that there are other agendas involved. in some cases, the conflicts may be exacerbated by the specific neighborhood one is in. what is happening, not just in kashmir, but the pakistani, afghan, and u.s. agenda with respect to that border spills over ander creates -- and creates a situation. because there are other agendas, they oftentimes get shunted aside. therefore, the international community -- and i would say in terms of the united states -- what we do not see is a very strong global leadership. we do not see a global leadership as a function of cooperation and collaboration among all parties and countries that have the capacity to emphasize the agenda of

situation in south sudan. that's what i want to say. thank you. and we have a discussion more. [applause] [applause] >> thanks very much, for your comprehensive analysis of the picture, the very confused picture right now. i'm going to open the floor up to questions in a moment. perhaps first of all, i could ask you tothink about -- let's look at the very short-term picture and the actual referendum process itself and perhaps the role of the international community in that process. we're told it's going to take -- obviously if everything takes ple over the whole of this week, the final outcome won't be known for several weeks after that. we might have some results trickling out, i suppose, in the mean time, all of which ceates conditions for uncertainty and perhaps instability. and perhaps the worse-case scenario, the outcome itself might be contested. face with the potential pitch, what's the role for the international community, do you think? and how -- particularly how should it be coordinating it's respons

the governing party in south sudan is think that turnout has reached 60%. that is the legal minimum required for the vote to be valid. voting will go on for a week until saturday. >> it is the fourth day of voting in this historic referendum. boats are being cast. according to officials opposite don people's liberation movement, the all important 60% turnout has been achieved. >> i know very well that by the third day of voting, 60% turnout has been passed. >> one of the oldest people in southern sudan turned out to vote today. she's got to be 115. that means she was born before the air out of anglo egyptian rule in 1899. i southern sudan prepares for likely independence, she told those around her, there is nothing else we need to do but separate from the north. the result of the referendum will not be known until next month. independence for southern sudan may not be declared until later in the year. after so many decades of conflict, there are many issues to resolve of burris putting this vast country in two. >> in haiti, after the crippling earthquake, m

sudan, and united states is expected to become a player in the south sudan oil industry, and the development could only be made possible by southern independence, as current sanctions prevent this. american investment groups are already buying up large tracts of agricultural land in south sudan. their interest is in untapped oil reserves rather than farming. oil currently represents nearly 20% of the cidoni is gdp. an interruption -- 20% of the sudan gdp. this is a significant sum to a developing country. neighboring countries would also secure cost be to trade. -- costs to trade. if they block oil shipments to the pipeline, the result would be the loss of all development gains made in the last five years and possibly even starvation. the south however cannot just live happily ever after. the refineries are all located in the northcom and the only pipeline for export in the landlocked self runs through the north at the red sea -- the refineries are all located in the north, and the only pipeline for export in the landlocked south runs through the north at the red sea. an important oil produc

in south sudan with our assistance, the people were finally able to vote for independence after years of war. ( applause ) thousands lined up before dawn. people danced in the streets. one man who lost four of his brothers at war summed up the scene around him: "this was a battlefield for most of my life. now we want to free... now we want to be free." we saw that same desire to be free in tunisia where the will of the people proved more powerful than the writ of a dictator. and tonight let us be clear, the united states of america stands with the people of tunisia and supports the democratic aspirations of all people. ( applause ) we must never forget that the things we've struggled for and fought for live in the hearts of people everywhere. and we must always remember that the americans who have born the greatest burden in this struggle are the men and women who serve our country. ( applause ) tonight let us speak with one voice in reaffirming that our nation is united in support of our troops and their families. let us serve them as well as they have served us. by giving them the e

among the topics covered, the upcoming referendum in sudan, relations between north and south korea, and middle east peace negotiations. >> the ice was very helpful. >> the ice was very wet. >> which was helpful. >> i froze. >> good afternoon and happy new year. welcome to the department of state for the first briefing of 2011. the first thing that secretary clinton did this morning was to welcome tom nides as the new deputy secretary of state for management and resources. he was sworn in this morning by pat kennedy and is now getting up to speed on a range of issues from the budget to the way forward on the qddr. but you'll have an opportunity to meet tom nides in the very near future. ambassador steve bosworth is on his way to seoul, and there he will meet with foreign minister kim sung-hwan and special representative for korean peninsula peace and security affairs ambassador wi sung-lac, and then as part of this trip will travel on to beijing and to tokyo. >> just on that -- >> yes. >> you -- the trip that was -- the last trip that went out there with sung kim and you said -- and

whatever happens, this is a decision for the people of south sudan and comes as part of the implementation of the comprehensive peace agreement. the north and south are going to have some kind of relationship going forward, whether it's one part of one country or two countries and the president has made clear he will respect whatever decision the people of south sudan make. that's an important statement to make. >> in light of what is happening in egypt and nigeria, are you going to give another talk on what is happening in pakistan and india on the christians? >> if you have a specific question -- >> on christians. >> i'll take the question. >> on mr. netanyahu today has told parliament he has written to president obama seeking jonathan pollard's release. no longer a hypothetical. >> we have received a letter from the government of israel and we will review it. >> and ruin clind to -- are you inclined to look favorably on mr. netanyahu's request? >> we received a scanned version of the formal letter, which hasn't been delivered yet. we will review it. >> have you ever talked to the govern

in south sudan, with our assistance, the people were finally able to vote for independence after years of war. thousands lined up before dawn. people danced in the streets. one man who lost four of his brothers at war summed up the scene around him -- "this was a battlefield for most of my life. now we want to be free." we saw that same desire to be free in tunisia, where the will of the people proved more powerful than the writ of a dictator. and tonight, let us be clear -- the united states of america stands with the people of tunisia, and supports the democratic aspirations of all people. we must never forget that the things we have struggled for, and fought for, live in the hearts of people everywhere. and we must always remember that the americans who have borne the greatest burden in this struggle are the men and women who serve our country. tonight, let us speak with one voice in reaffirming that our nation is united in support of our troops and their families. let us serve them as well as they have served us -- by giving them the equipment they need, by providing them with the

. >> some reports of violence in sudan amidst a week-long vote for independent south sudan. it's part of an agreement that ended two decades much north/south civil war which killed two million people. we'll get an update on sudan at 1 p.m. eastern, live on c-span 2. >> there's a new way to follow congress. track the daily floor timelines, read transcripts, and find a full video archive of each member. congressional chronicle, part of c -- c-span's library. it's washington your way. >> we are welcoming back nina olson here to talk about your latest report to congress. this is your 10th report. part of this, you talk about the new health care law. is the irs prepared and what will be the role of the isr under the new health care law? >> guest: well, i think the irs is prepared as anyone can be. where parts of the law and the whole infrastructure is not yet created. the irs is currently doing a lot of serious planning about it. that was part of what we tried to cover in the report to outline what was going to be expected of the irs. it is going to be the interface for many taxp

sudan as a ambassador. how did that impact your life? >> gosh, it definitely sort of, puts everything in to perspective really quick. it's incredible to think that wow, because of what i get to do it gives me the odd platform, then to raise awareness about different causes and i got to go and see a lot of the work that ps and i partners on the ground, u.n. foundation, global fund, different water programs that they implemented, and i'm the ambassador for the child survival program. it's kids five and under and in the developing world. it's amazing. i just got back from the central afternoon republic on this massive net distribution with the u.n. foundation. it was again, just mind boggling, so unbelievably life changing. >> it's amazing how you are doing that in addition to the work that you are doing and music and being newly married. zachary, you also like to give back. why is it important for you to make the contributions in addition to the work you do as an artist. >> i don't know. i think the world is

there was an arbitration that decided the south sudan against the oil fields around the border. everything is right for major terrorist violence there. this is a place where the world commity has to do much more to head it off or we will be remembering sudan as any thing -- as worse than anything we've seen in years, where stem what ns going on in -- worse tha what is going on in darfur. >> kashmir suffers from the fact that there are other agendas involved. in some cases, the conflicts may be exacerbated by the specific neighborhood one is in. what is happening, not just in kashmir, but the pakistani, afghan, and u.s. agenda with respect to that border spills over ander creates -- and creates a situation. because there are other agendas, they ofntimes get shunted aside. therefore, the international community -- and i would say in terms of the united states -- what we do not see is a very strong global leadership. we do not see a global leadership as a function of cooperion and collaboration among all parties and countries that have the capacity to emphasize the agenda of others

and for peace and self-determination in south sudan, and for so much more that barbara and the black caucus have been the conscience of the congress and the leader in the congress. ensuring our focus on those issues. we all know that these are going to be tougher times for democrats. but that's just why it's so important to stand by the principles that have motivated our work and indeed your work for such a very long period of time. principles of security and opportunity, for all americans and all working people. for four decades in the majority and in the minority, in times of prosperity and times of trial the congressional black caucus has led congress and the democratic caucus in the work of living up to the promises and principles and hope and vision and opportunity of the declaration of independence and of the constitution whose wosheds we will read tomorrow -- words we will read tomorrow on the floor of the house of representatives. those words have always been compelling. but as the congressional black caucus knows better than any other group in the congress of the united stat

he believes that when i go to darfur or south sudan, it's worth nothing or maybe for bad reasons, i believe they have to do it. so this is one of our. divorce, yes. the question of commitment-- i believe in public slekt convictuals, i believe to be a republican is something. he believes in pure literature. >> rose: he quotes the famous maxxum that better an injustice than disorder, which you violently disagree with,. >> of course, of course. for me, one injustice is a scandal." for example, there are some people who say why do you care about one single iranian woman condemned to stoning to death, stoning. it is just one woman. it is just one injustice. why would you care? for me, this woman is the, in a way, the center of the world. >> rose: what impact double you have as you go to these different places to make the case in the public? >> it depends. it depends , if we had not rang the bell. if we had not tried to-- public opinion, she. would be dead since last july. she would be dead with the face turned into a pulp. >> rose: do you believe she'll be stoned? >> i believe now that she will

in south sudan with our assistance, the people were finally able to vote for independence after years of war. ( applause ) thousands lined up before dawn. people danced in the streets. one man who lost four of his brothers at war summed up the scene around him: "this was a battlefield for most of my life. now we want to free... now we want to be free." we saw that same desire to be free in tunisia where the will of the people proved more powerful than the writ of a dictator. and tonight let us be clear, the united states of america stands with the people of tunisia and supports the democratic aspirations of all people. ( applause ) we must never forget that the things we've struggled for and fought for live in the hearts of people everywhere. and we must always remember that the americans who have born the greatest burden in this struggle are the men and women who serve our country. ( applause ) tonight let us speak with one voice in reaffirming that our nation is united in support of our troops and their families. let us serve them as well as they have served us. by giving them the e

but tensions may still heighten between the north and the south. the two sides have not yet resolved how to share oil profits in the south, or the ownership of oil fields along their border. >>> japan has agreed to build a liquefied natural gas facility with russia's state-controlled firm gazprom. the agreement was announced on monday, which the two countries signed earlier this month. gazprom plans to construct the facility on the coastal area near vladivostok. it will liquefy the natural gas extracted off the shores of sack lynn in russia's far east. under the deal the two sides will research production scale and profitability by the end of the year. russia is trying to sell crude oil and other natural resources to the asia-pacific region. it hopes to export 5 million tons of natural gas per year to japan and other countries. ties between japan and russia soured after russian president dmitry medvedev visited kunashiri last year, one of the four islands claimed by japan. but with the agreement russia may be showing a separation on territorial and