he spoke of the space race evolving into joint exploration with the soviet union. >>> mr. president, as one who has taken some interest in the election of presidents i want to congratulation you on your election to this high office. mr. secretary general, delegates, ladies and gentlemen we meet again in the quest for peace. 24 whos ago when i last had the honor of addressing this body the shadow of fear lay darkly across the world. the freedom of west berlin, wars in mediate peril, agreement seemed remote, the mandate of the units in the congo was under fire. hold back the darkness today the clouds have lifted a little. so that new rays of hope can break through. the pressures on west berlin appear to be eased. unity in the congo has largely been restored. the integrity of the united nations secretariat has been reaffirmed. a decade of development is underway and for the first time in 17 years of effort, a specific step has been taken to limit the nuclear arms race. i refer of course to the treaty to ban nuclear tests in the atmosphere, outer space and under water. conclud

we believe the soviet union also has these especial responsibilities. and those require our two nations to concentrate lesson our differences and more on the means of resolving them peacefully. for too long both of us have increased our military budgets, nuclear stockpiles and our capacity to destroy all life on this hemisphere. human, animal, vegetable, without corresponding increase in our security. our conflicts to be sure are real. our concepts of the world are different. no service is performed by failing to make clear our disagreements. the central difference is the self determination for all people. we believe that the people of germany and berlin must be free to reunite and free to secure the fruits of the revolution that have been betrayed from within and exploited from out. section of freedom. our determination to safeguard that freedom will measure up to any threat or challenge. but i would say to the leaders of the soviet union and to their people if either of our countries is to be fully secure, we need a much better weapon than the h bomb,

i was in the soviet union right before it fell in 1983. under communism, i was doing a film about to do since who were fighting the regime. they had no incentives to work. the economy was dead. there was no compassion between people. the leadership was cynical. that, byhought in 1983 1986, it would start to shift. that gorbachev, who was a product of that system would be an instrument, an agent of change, as obama said. so sometimes you don't know. that soviet union fell within seven years. you never know. there could be a guy who comes from inside our system who literally can't do something. tavis: every empire in the history of the world has at some point faltered or failed. i don't know if it is our arrogance or in hubris are our nationalism that will not allow us to consider but that could happen to us, but is that a possibility? >> the main danger that we face is our own flaws. a reminder, hitler in 1941 was at his peak. for seven ors eight years. he conquered all of europe. he was ready to go into the east end into russia. -- into th

it is certainly true the germans initially are successful in the soviet union. it is fighting an war against a very powerful ad are scary. my feeling is after 1943, the worst loss for germany. there are many german generals and german politicians to recognize that all of the. hitler is not the kind of guy to acknowledge that these laws a world war was going to drag on until 1945. >> host: michael in seattle, thank you for holding on. you were on with author trent reappeared >> caller: thank you very much. your books are terrific mr. atkinson. my father was a man at who volunteered in december 1941. he was a front-line medic. i would like your comments about the medical care that our soldiers received in europe. what was that like? what could be done? what were we not able to do? any now, where did they take them to after that moved away from the front lines? thank you again for your time. looks are terrific. >> guest: thematics are an important part of the war. there are a lot of american veterans alive today because of mannix and american veterans of world war

the soviet union made the great breakthrough in space, and in missiles, and, therefore, they are going to be ahead of us in those very decisive weapons of war in the early '60s. what is true militarily is true economically. their rate of increase is greater. it is certainly true scientifically, and in the image they give to the world of a country on the make -- on the move. >> senator kennedy, both parties have been talking civil rights for a great many years. congress has passed two bills in the past four years, and yet thousands of citizens are still deprived of their voting rights. would you favor use of the 14th amendment, section 2, a tool that to my knowledge has not been used in our time, to penalize any state that denies its citizens the right to vote by reducing its congressional representation in direct proportion to -- >> no, i think that the best way is to implement the constitution and the laws which congress passed, which, i think, give the executive very clear power. i don't feel that those powers have been used very effectively, either in the 1957 or the 1960 act, but i

and after all, he has been dead for 50 years and the soviet union is gone and tax rates are now lower than they were during the eisenhower and nixon administration when the marginal rate was 91%. and i do think that many of the issues can be dealt with like economic growth and free trade and peace through strength are still with us today and that his policies can be a guide. and i know we have a bipartisan audience here. so i want to lead with a the take away of kennedy principles on leadership. in the first is to get a wide spectrum of advice. this was true with kennedy on two of the key issues, cuba and taxes. there were kennedy advisers who said, do nothing, after all, americans would be just as dead if nuclear missiles were launched from cuba as if they were launched from russia. and adelaide stephenson made exactly that argument as well. and so did other less stereotypical liberal kennedy advisers, like george bundy. in other advisers, like the air force general basically advised him back to the stone age and so kennedy got this full range of advice from do-nothing to launching a

and the soviet union first opened the n.p.t. for signature in one nine hundred sixty eight senior u.s. officials testified to congress that the n.p.t. recognized the right to safeguarded richmond that was the position of the united states until the end of the cold war and then we decided to try to unilaterally rewrite the treaty because we didn't want non western countries getting fuel cycle capabilities ok valorie in paris before we go to break you want to react to that i mean it sounds very hypocritical on the part of the western powers well i mean i think in the case in the in the case that we're talking about here let's just leave aside the right to enrich and let's look at the fact that iran to rein him in richmond program was built in secret using illicit imports and has has a lot there are a lot of unanswered questions about this sort of history of iran's nuclear work the u.n. security council all the member states have voted several times for iran to cease a lot of this nuclear activity and to resolve outstanding questio

there has been a previous crash of a 737 500 in the former soviet union. so at this point, it's very early to say whether or not there is something wrong with that particular model or whether there is some sort of pattern with this aircraft in russia. certainly -- >> no. go ahead. i apologize. i apologize. >> certainly the past record of the former soviet union when this comes to air safety is a concern to many who fly there. in general, the suggestion i give to people is: if the airline you are flying is flying a western-built aircraft, an air bus or a boeing, and they have a fairly large fleet, then their standards are pretty much what you would see in other parts of the world. this particular airline had a very small fleet of aircraft, only about a half dozen modern airliners of air bus and boeing manufacture. so, it's unclear whether or not the airline, itself, may have had some issues when it came to maintenance and procedures. >> okay. there may be a political i am pettus to get to the bottom of this quickly. >> to be clear, al jazeera has not con fi

union -- the efforts between the president and the premier of the soviet union in regard to space paid off, according to the survey, the prime minister's son. about a week and a half or two weeks before dallas, khrushchev had accepted kennedy's offer of going to the moon jointly. >> yes, you're right. on kennedy, on the other hand can be made this trip to what was soon the kennedy space center, and saw, stood underneath the missile and got so excited he rocked back and forth and he kept saying to himself, when this goes a we'll be ahead of the russian. so he kind of got all excited about it. but i think, i think he was serious about it. thank you very much, everybody. [applause] >> the books are for sale up in the front. [inaudible conversations] >> november 22, 2013 is the 50th anniversary of the assassination of president john f. kennedy and there are several books that have been published to mark the event. for this months booktv bookclub we want to know what came the book you're reading. throughout the month join other readers to discuss the kennedy books published this year. go to

off theready to blow soviet union. that was eisenhower's plan, essentially. what he did in his eight years of office was to make nuclear weapons and alternative to conventional weapons. we didn't have the size of conventional weapons of the soviets, so we were ready to use nuclear. we were ready to go and washington was in the sights. i think the whole world would have gone up. khrushchev and kennedy at the said, no, basically to their hardliners and cost both men dearly. the generals were furious with kennedy. he was raging at the meeting. it was described by mcnamara and others. they said, we lost. this was our moment. criticized by some people, but the soviets were inferior in strength. but they built up after that crisis. so by the late 1970s, there were almost achieving parity. in other words, city and khrushchev saved -- what we're saying is kennedy and khrushchev saved the world a key moment. >> peter kuznick, this is also the beginning of the cuban ,mbargo that exist to this day 1960 two. explain how that happened? >> the united states policy was real

union going to rollback containment that was a far more aggressive policy in that scene we'd had five or six nuclear threats we made against the chinese and against the soviet you kennedy inherited this office as a young man. and he was suspected by the military leaders the hardliners of the us that he did not have that the wherewithal to really continue the eisenhower policy he had failed to do so in laos to go in to send ground troops he'd failed in cuba at the bay of pigs to give it to suit the air support that it needed when he failed in the vietnam to really carry through a a much more in gauged process with a view at the me he said non-combat advisors but not combat people so if this was going on that he was fighting and this is known now this is all come out now not when the film came behind the scenes tremendous civil war. and fifty years later right now if evidence came out that implicated the u.s. government or ellen. it's up the government and his assassination how do you think the american people would react what you're asking me if it came out now i think we've reached a

union, which was absolutely critical to making us safer in the wake of the cold war. traveling with dick you get close to unexploded land mine, mortar shells, test tubes filled

and dulles found that pakistan's focus with india was not the soviet union, but still he thought if we remain in good relationships between the genders now your question has anything changed? life year after serving as

standards of living inside the soviet union and outside is there a danger that it may. have rode the belief in the revolution theme that in mother's life it's very difficult to exclude dangers in anything in the world you mean the serene economy given the lifetime lifespan you've got another exclusive range but that is a good question we don't have only people going on we have people coming in where we have people queue in many cubans young un that have an opportunity more opportunity they had before but more opportunities to go and work abroad and come back so this is the way a bath and i thing this is barry waste political decision in the in the good way of confronting dangers many of the tourists and traveling cubans go to visit the country that is closest to the united states and i know that cuba and the united states haven't had any diplomatic ties for more than fifty years but most recently we can see some progress there there's been talks on the every seeming of direct mail service and i think you're also you know countries also ration agreement on helping each o

union on the united states requiring a full retaliatory response upon the soviet union. >> president kennedy taking a stand during the cuban missile crisis but how has our view of his presidency changed over the past 50 years. joining me now the author of "end of days, the assassination of john f. kennedy. and robert dally, the author of "camelot's court inside the white house." welcome to all three of you, historians in this era. let's start with you doug brinkley. in terms of what robert kennedy said there, the real legacy may be he's a man of peace during a time of great conflict. is that a fair analysis? >> he was a man of peace, but he was a cold war hawk. i think his legacy is something like the space program here at my university, rice university, kennedy came in '62 and said we'll put a man on the moon at the end of the decade and did it and he framed it in a sense of exploration and science of moving people to do things. he is a server of the peace corps and the things he did with the government is positive and in the '60s and vietnam comes people start disliking their gover

union in one thousand nine hundred seventeen and as soon as the soviet union dissolved itself terribly in december and december thirty first of one thousand nine hundred one the paul wolfowitz and the others that were in there the bush sr administration at that time came together and designed this entire foreign policy concept of full spectrum dominance and that's what we're looking at right now we're living in the domestic side of a national security state and it is engaged in a global policy of the establishment of full spectrum dominance on the part of united states military that's what's happening right now and as a constitutional lawyer my obligation is to protect our american people and to protect the world from unconstitutional conduct on the part of our executive branch and also on the part of our united states congress and we've been attempting to do this through the judicial branch legibly independent judicial branch but since since the election of ronald reagan seventy three percent of all of the federal judges that do an appointed have been appointed by ronald reagan or geo

and the soviet union. i mean, and he'd been in world war ii which was, which was another big battle against this totalitarian, evil empire. >> it's one of these things, you don't even need one of those cell phones or, you know, magic ear sticks, you know? you just go around and they press a button, and you walk into the room and you hear her voice. and each room of that house, she's talking about some sort of, you know, they live near the catholic church, and she liked to go there with the kids every day so that they saw that mass wasn't just for sundays, and, you know, there's a picture of mary and jesus in the bedroom where kennedy was born, and there's a picture of the vatican in the dining room. and he made these speeches about godless, evil capitalism at notre dame and at assumption which are catholic colleges. and, you know, he could say, well, he wanted -- he was pandering to the catholic audience or the catholic vote, but then you get this testimony from people who said, you know, they saw him pray

it seems the wine was popular if expensive throughout the soviet union by the one nine hundred seventy s. this factory alone was producing more than two million bottles see here. this isn't just the oldest wine cellar in the region it's also one of the largest each one of these tunnels is the length of almost three football fields and if you were so inclined you could drink a liter of wine a day for each of these barrels and it would take seventy years to finish. the piece of. this wine cellar contains eighty two thousand bottles of about two hundred fifty six of the best sorts of wines from all wine making regions of the former soviet union here we have wines from georgia moldova and russia mainly from dawn and the stuff are called regions. but could i find a brown family bottle tucked away in this collection. even in old. thousands i still wasn't having any success. my personal quest wasn't going all that well but i was getting a crash course in the history of wine in this region greek settlers brought the technology to the black sea coast more than two thousand years ago and one of

he was a former marine who had once defected to the soviet union. only weeks earlier, he had visited soviet and cuban diplomatic missions in mexico. >> the original complaint that the police department filed on lee oswald, around midnight on the 22nd of november, said that lee oswald did, "in furtherance of an international communist conspiracy, assassinate president john f. kennedy." >> narrator: that night, as air force one brought john kennedy's body home to washington, the new president was afraid that oswald's apparent communist connections could spark an international crisis. president johnson ordered the district attorney to drop any reference to a communist conspiracy. >> this is a sad time for all people. >> johnson was fearful that if this had gotten out, it would inflame public opinion and could possibly lead to world war iii. this is exactly how world war i began: with an assassination. >> narrator: nine months later, president johnson's warren commission concluded there had been no conspiracy. but in 1979, the house assassinations commi

it seems the wine was popular if expensive throughout the soviet union by the one nine hundred seventy s. this factory alone was producing more than two million bottles see here. this isn't just the oldest wine cellar in the region it's also one of the largest each one of these tunnels is the length of almost three football fields and if you were so inclined you could drink a liter of wine a day for each of these barrels and it would take seven it's finished. that a piece of. this contains eighty two thousand bottles of about two hundred fifty six of the best sorts of wines from all wine making regions of the former soviet union and here we have wines from georgia and russia mainly from dawn and this stuff are called region. but could i find a brown family bottle tucked away in this collection. even in all these thousands i still wasn't having any success. my personal quest wasn't going all that well but i was getting a crash course in the history of wine in this region greek settlers brought the technology to the black sea coast more than two thousand years ago and one of the descenda

union in one thousand nine hundred seventeen and as soon as the soviet union dissolved itself terribly in december and december thirty first of one thousand nine hundred one the paul wolfowitz and the others that were in there the bush sr administration at that time came together and designed this entire foreign policy concept of full spectrum dominance and that's what we're looking at right now we're living in the domestic side of a national security state and it is engaged in a global policy of the establishment of full spectrum dominance on the part of united states military that's what's happening right now and as a constitutional lawyer my obligation is to protect our american people and to protect the world from unconstitutional conduct on the part of our executive branch and also on the part of our united states congress and we've been attempting to do this through the judicial branch. allegedly independent judicial branch but since since the election of ronald reagan seventy three percent of all of the federal judges that appointed have been appointed by ronald reagan or george

it seems the wine was popular if expensive throughout the soviet union by the one nine hundred seventy s. this factory alone was producing more than two million bottles see here. this isn't just the oldest wine cellar in the region it's also one of the largest each one of these tunnels is the length of almost three football fields and if you were so inclined you could drink a liter of wine a day for each of these barrels and it would take seven it's finished. this one contains eighty two thousand bottles of about two hundred fifty six of the best sorts of wines from all wine making regions of the former soviet union and here we have wines from georgia and russia namely from dawn and this stuff are called region. but could i find a brown family bottle tucked away in this collection. even in all these thousands i still wasn't having any success. my personal quest wasn't going all that well but i was getting a crash course in the history of wine in this region greek settlers brought the technology to the black sea coast more than two thousand years ago and one of their descendants is stil

it's the senior russian delegation to visit egypt since the fall of the soviet union. the russians are competing with the united states for influence in the region. i believe the egyptian foreign minister is about to speak. let's listen in. >> a number of meetings have been held. including a meeting this evening with the president mansour. in addition to a joint meeting between the egyptian defence minister with his russian counter part. the shape and nature of the visit, and the arrangement made at this particular point of time, amongst the busy schedules of both the russians and egyptian sides, all of this carry a great deal of significance on our part. we are looking forward to fruitful cooperation with our russian friends on a number of fronts. as russia is a key player on the international arena, this mandate that i should mention, that our relations are deep-rooted in history, today's meeting between myself and minister sergei lavrov addressed a number of international and regional issues. in addition to other issues of bilateral interests. with respect to intern

it seems the wine was popular if expensive throughout the soviet union by the one nine hundred seventy s. this factory alone was producing more than two million bottles see here. this isn't just the oldest wine cellar in the region it's also one of the largest each one of these titles is the length of almost three football fields and if you were so inclined you could drink a liter of wine a day for each of these barrels and it would take seven it's finished. this contains eighty two thousand bottles of about two hundred fifty six of the best sorts of wines from all wine making regions of the former soviet union and here we have wines from georgia and russia mainly from dawn and this stuff are called region. but could i find a brown family bottle tucked away in this collection. even in all these thousands i still wasn't having any success. my personal quest wasn't going all that well but i was getting a crash course in the history of wine in this region greek settlers brought the technology to the black sea coast more than two thousand years ago and one of the descendants is still follo

union. she even took a solo trip to africa. watcher program saturday 7 p.m. on c-span. >> coming up, a conversation about the politics of climate change. then a discussion with journalists. >> alan of the american enterprise institute talks about recent proposals calling for changes in the tax code. from the justice system reform with the sentencing project. of "lin ihor