once they destabilize cambodia vietnam. once they destabilize cambodi r vietnam. once they destabilize cambodin vietnam. once they destabilize cambodi r vietnam. once they destabilize cambodi r vietnam. once they destabilize cambodi r vietnam. once they destabilize cambodi r vietnam. once they destabilize cambodit vietnam. once they destabilize cambodi r vietnam. once they destabilize cambodin vietnam. once they destabilize cambodio vietnam. once they destabilize cambodius vietnam. once they destabilize cambodia vietnam. once they destabilize cambodia you really just have all hell breaking out. >> the cambodian operation will continue during the coming days. american units searching for north vietnamese troops and installations. but what they will find or how long they will be here no one can say for sure. >> the active, large scale american and south vietnamese fight in cambodia brought a cry of anger. at kent state, ohio, the protest turned into a riot with thousand of demonstrators facing national guardsmen and police. >> four students are killed at kent state.

it's the woodstock generation coming to vietnam. >> the public campaign against the war in vietnam took on a new dimension in washington today. men who have been there began demonstrations armed with speeding the end to the conflict. ♪ bring our brothers home >> business men have protested. students have protested. mothers have protested. everybody has. but the men who fought the war who know what it's like, who know what we are fighting haven't. and it's the first time in history they're going to do that. >> lieutenant died until i got a medal. i got a silver star, purple heart. it's in the rest of this garbage. it doesn't mean a thing! >> good evening. the war in vietnam has often been camouflaged by misleading statistics of body counts, weapons captured, hamlets pacified. but we are now in the midst of new more revealing statistics, the 2.5 million words of the pentagon papers. these once secret papers tell the agonizing story of the u.s. involvement in vietnam through four administrations of expanding commitment. the pentagon papers have touched off the deepest controversies, cent

to vietnam? were you more discerning, how do you deal with sources? how did that whole experience in effect tailor your couriers post vietnam -- careers post vietnam? david: when i got back from vietnam, watergate had just started. it was ongoing. to me, as a journalist and photographer, the end of vietnam was coming along in terms of my interest in it and everything was ramping up in the united states. i'm one of the really lucky people who put vietnam in the rearview mirror. i was there for a little over two years. and being the only source of my thoughts over the years, i have friends that had a really hard time getting out of there mentally. for me, it just made me a better journalist. i was more sympathetic to people. but the one thing for sure, i never lost track of why i went over there. and what i did when i came back as a professional, next year will be my 50th year -- i know i don't look like it. [laughter] since i was 18, in the old-fashioned days when bob and peter started out, it was

south vietnam were insupportable and claims by south vietnam and the u.s. that they might exercise the inherent right of individual or collect of self defense against an attack would be unwarranted. at the time, i believe the geneva accords which imposed the 17th parallel as a cease-fire boundary and called for elections in 1956 to decide the country's future were rather inconclusive legally. the u.s. was informed by communist authorities that there would the no u.n. supervised elections in north vietnam north korea, or east germany. in any case, failure to hold elections did not justify the north vietnamese in defining the well-established principle that may be employed -- force may be employed only in self-defense for it was widely recognized as an international foundry but the 38th parallel in korea and the boundary between east and west germany -- violations of those down trees were a threat. it was assumed to international peace and security and the un security council had explicitly ruled in authorizing a military response to north korea's invasion of

the vietnam war ended today. ended officially in this room in paris. >> the treaty basically said that south vietnamese get to keep their government. the north vietnamese get to coop their soldiersen south vietnam. the north vietnamese release the 500 american p.o.w.s and everybody promises to stop fighting. >> as far as this administration is concerned, we have done the very best that we can. against very great obstacles. and we finally have achieved a peace with honor. i know it gags some of you to write that phrase but that is true. and most americans realize it is true. >> it is the americans who are celebrating. they are leaving. the vietnamese are not celebrating. they must stay and face the uncertainty of whatever is going to happen to them next. >> in hanoi, the american military involvement in the vietnam war finally came to an end. if anything symbolized the american agony of vietnam it was the prisoners. >> most were pilots. many had spent more than six years in prison. now they were on their way home.

, their vietnam. i'm john hart. good night, for nbc news. ♪ >> you are watching american history tv all weekend, every weekend on cspan3. to join the conversation, like us on facebook. >> new congressional directory is a guide to the 114th congress with color photos of every senator and house number plus contact information. also, district maps, a foldout map of capitol hill, federal agencies, and state governors. order your copy today through the c-span online store at www.c-span.org. 150 years ago, on may 23 and 24 of 1865 two military processions in washington, d.c. called the grand review of the armies drew thousands of spectators to pennsylvania avenue. president andrew johnson cabinet and government officials and general ulysses s. grant watched from this reviewing stand in front of the white house. on may 23rd, an estimated 80,000 soldiers of the army of the

with respect to vietnam, i started going back to vietnam in 1991. i have participated very strongly in the evolution of our relationship with their present government. it was pretty much a stalinist regime in when i first went 1991, back. they were kind of the little brother of the soviet regime. they were being subsidized by the soviet regime. when the soviets went down, they needed alternatives. that is one of the reasons that they started opening up. i was an enthusiastic and vigorous participant in bringing vietnam into the international community in a positive way, and also addressing the issues of overseas vietnamese. 2 million of them, including my wife, reside in the united states. mr. scully: you have written that vietnam has really shaped u.s. foreign-policy over the last 50 years. former senator webb: a lot of people have expected me to make that simple parallel. i have resisted that. i know that vietnam is kind of like a rorschach test. how people look at vietnam our generation, with respect to foreign-policy. even in my first book which

invented vietnam had to do. it was a challenging time and our nation treated our veterans and the shameful manner. it was a difficult time for a country. and certainly a difficult time for veterans or it was a hard time for the army i know area. we learned, i think the reason you see over 40,000 military nonprofits out there today and there are over 40,000 that popped up in the last 14 years i think one of the reasons is because people are aware of what happened. when our vietnam veterans were treated poorly. and like me, many of them wanted to die than to try to prevent that from happening to our active-duty servicemembers in iraq and afghanistan area education as i was saying is such a critically important parts of letting our young people understand why it's important area it's a very very small percentage. this begin will -- this project will act as a vegan -- beacon. we want our young people to understand something greater than themselves you're it that doesn't mean it always applies to war. the legacy of t

what is a rough rider in the vietnam era? >> guest: a rough rider in the vietnam era were one from the first screen division and we ran the tracks up and down highway one. right out of denying and north through the notorious for treacherous paths to points north. anybody who went on those convoys through the dangerous passes in vietnam, they nicknamed us the roughriders and it was some time before i got there and 66 or 67 and when i got there they told me i was going to the transport battalion and those were the roughriders. >> host: first of all what is highway one? >> guest: highway one was the main highway in vietnam but stretched from the delta which is the area through the central islands into the three core and then into ichor which is where i was from da nang all the way north to the dmz the main highway. it was just called highway one. i believe that so-called highway one. >> host: what was your job? >> guest: my job as a convoy commander who is responsible for everything the convoy does and if there's an ambush they

♪ ♪ >> dan ong, vietnam. the city is located directly between the capital of hanoi is the economic metropolis of ho chi minh. in the past it flourished as a trading base between the east and west. and it's also known as the major tourist attraction for the ancient capital of the guian dynasty. in 2013 and 2014, the vietnamese chamber of commerce selected da nang as the country's most industrially competitive city. ♪ last year the amount of cargo handled in the city's port totalled 5.5 million tons, double that of five years ago. the number of trucks in the city has also surged, causing traffic jams in the morning and evening rush hours. ♪ over 300 foreign affiliated firms now have offices here. the increase in jobs has attracted laborers from nearby villages. helping to boost da nang's booming population. this dramatic transformation was triggered by the construction of the east-west coast economic corridor, a road that cuts through southeast asia from vietnam, laos, and thailand on myanmar. it's impacted

so the russians were the big providers on vietnam. vietnam obviously was a huge issue. nixon had run the presidency -- run for presidency, i will end that war if i get elected, and here we were. we got to 1972, and the vietnam war was not over. the agreement was not there, and so forth. this was really a dynamic era when you look at it. when you think about all the different things that went on, it is significant. i think what winston was trying to get to, we were provided information once this relationship started on these trips, to let the chinese know specifically what the russians were doing. obviously they have their own intelligence, to let them know through our satellites what the alignment was. we try to give it very accurately and honestly. it was a significant buildup and they were concerned about it . >> keep going, guys. >> specifically -- he was explaining to them, this is all unclassified now -- one other quick point on the summits. we asked the soviets for a summit throughout 1970, and we were still asking them. hague called the soviet ambassador and gave

veterans memorial. >> i lost my dad in vietnam in 1968. i was 11. diane: a common bond as children who did not have fathers to celebrate father's day with after the vietnam war. >> there are still people suffering the effects of that war. diane: roses lined the base of the memorial. >> there is that part of you that will always be that child even though you have moved on. it makes you a stronger person. diane: along with white roses with wet tips, for those who died in memory, for servicemembers who believe their loved ones died as a result of their service after they returned. >> a lot of them are agent orange related, cancer, ptsd

he would serve to combat tours in vietnam. he was presented the medal of honor on may 14, 1970 by president then. rising in the ranks, he retired from the marine corps as a major general. general livingston's philosophy on leadership is to lead from the front. he said finally that is true and inspiring. general livingston, thank you for being here. it is said that america will always be the land of the free as long as it is the home of the brave. a community, a city, a country can only flourish if it's people have the peace in their life and liberty of the opportunity in doing so, they make their community flourish with commerce and trade in this is driven to be the greatest, strongest, and most profitable nation on the air. so much of our way of life is secure with the sacrifices being made each and every day, there comes much need. that is why it is so important to have successful nonprofits in the military support base. as government alone cannot possibly feel there been so many experiences that have led me to realize we mu

troops in vietnam go through the roof. and it is hundreds of thousands of american troops for years and years and years, an american death toll that hits 50,000 and then keeps climbing. lbj didn't want a war in vietnam. he campaigned against it. said it was a terrible idea. but once he was president, he escalated it like a house on fire. nixon said he had a secret plan to end the war, nixon didn't have a secret plan to end the war. the insanity of the war dragged on for years and years and years, the escalation they couldn't get out of. it started in the 50s, didn't end until the 70s. even then it was lost and the president who came after nixon even made a half hearted effort to restart it after it was over. when the obama administration started in 2009, the new president and the new administration let it be known in ways large and small including letting everybody know what they were all reading, letting everybody know they were cognizant of the lessons of the escalation in vietnam, they would not keep dumping more and mo

vietnam. can we draw lessons from the vietnam war to help us better appreciate the violence in iraq? stay with us. i'm caridee. i've had moderate to severe plaque psoriasis most of my life. but that hasn't stopped me from modeling. my doctor told me about stelara® it helps keep my skin clearer. with only 4 doses a year after 2 starter doses... ...stelara® helps me be in season. stelara® may lower your ability to fight infections and increase your risk of infections. some serious infections require hospitalization. before starting stelara® your doctor should test for tuberculosis. stelara® may increase your risk of cancer. always tell your doctor if you have any sign of infection have had cancer, or if you develop any new skin growths. do not take stelara® if you are allergic to stelara® or any of its ingredients. alert your doctor of new or worsening problems including headaches, seizures, confusion and vision problems. these may be signs of a rare potentially fatal brain condition. ser

with respect to vietnam, i started going back to vietnam in 1991. i participated very strongly in the evolution of our relationship with their present government. it was pretty much a stalinist regime in 91 when i first went back. they were kind of the little brother of the soviet regime. they were being subsidized by the soviet regime. when the soviets went down, they needed alternatives. that is one of the reasons i started going there. i was a participant in bringing vietnam into the international community in a positive way, and also addressing the issues of our overseas the enemies -- overseas vietnamese. mr. scully: you have written that vietnam has really shaped u.s. foreign-policy over the last few years. former senator webb: a lot of people have expected me to make that simple parallel. i have resisted that. i know that vietnam is kind of like a rorschach test. even in my first book which i wrote when i was in law school at 28 years old, i was talking more about how we should articulate our national security interests around the world and w

and that's what caused him to go into vietnam. he fought and he was a proud sailor till the day he died. with his injuries and his age and exposure is what finally killed him. he always wanted to come out here and see his brothers and now he's together with him. >> reporter: they all made the ultimate sacrifice, but whether they died at war or after those who served in the vietnam war received a father's day present, a rose. >> i still remember his love for me and just never goes away. >> two pilots that went down in november, p.m. 66 and one of them had twins, 6- week-old twins. we have to come down and pay honor to our fallen comrades. >> the roses remind us just how many fathers and potential fathers have been lost. >> reporter: all the roses have a specific meaning. red means the service member died in vietnam. yellow is missing in action. pink and white roses are for service members who died after the war like petit and brandy wolfson's father. ♪ what's your name on the wall ♪ ♪. >> everybody coming together is so movin

my choice was to get as close to the action in vietnam as i

one of them is vietnam, ruled by the communist party of vietnam no elections, no freedom of speech. this is a country which is known for criticizing the government voicing their own issues. so that is one traded partner. another is brunei, the sultan wants to impose sharia law which would result in a adulterer's being stoned to death, thieves having her hands cut off homosexuals whipped. this is a country which is also nondemocratic, ruled by a sultan who inherited his power through birth. then you have countries like malaysia, which although emerging democracies have serious problems with freedom of expression and rights of lesbian, group gay, transgender people singapore also has serious problems with labor rights and freedom of expression. all of these countries would be rewarded by the united states. we would like to see the u.s. use the agreement as leverage to compel these countries to improve their human rights records. yet over the last four or five years, that hasn't happened. a couple of countries have made baby steps. the anonymous and a few minor things. malaysia, in fac

>> why is it important in vietnam? >> why? >> because in korea, if you speak english or not, their salary is different. >> in japanese, the population is already mature, so most of japanese companies are spreading their opportunity outside japan. and so we need to speak english for business. >> okay. how about china? take it easy. [ laughter ] >> okay. meaning take it slowly. >> ever since his childhood, until he began working at the school, eugene lacked confidence and communication skills. but through regularly teaching international students on a one-to-one basis, he changed completely and now loves to express himself. >> if you're the leader of your group. >> if you could speak english, what kind of opportunities? >> it's going to, well, if i'm going to imagine my life without english as, as my medium of communication at work, i would be working in a factory. i think it's more labor work, i think. because before i was really impossible, knowing, you know, i don't really manage everything, i don't really think much. i'm not

vietnam? and if you served during vietnam, which a lot of my family was in vietnam, didn't we learn anything from vietnam? i mean, we're looking at the same principles, when we look at iraq, when we look at korea. how long was the american people expected to stay in iraq? if the people are not willing to fight for their own country, how can we be asked to shed everything after nine 11 it destroyed americans. i mean they're still climbing out of the hole. host: well, first, i joined in 1971. my first assignment was to the 82nd air bon division. i was supposed to go but the last group of lieutenants from the basic course were 1970. so no i did not. second, i think there are a lot of lessons from vietnam that quite frankly we have not learned. the difference between fighting a war and waging a war. my reading of vietnam is we fought pretty well but our strategy our policies are campaign designs which are civil military projects which are associated with waging a war, picking the right aims. they

went into vietnam had to do. said it was a challenging time, and our nation triggered our veterans in a shameful manner and does a difficult time for our country and certainly a difficult time for our veterans. it was a hard time for the army i know, very difficult time for our marines. but we learned and i think the reason you see over 40,000 military nonprofits out there today, there are over 40,000 have popped up in the last 14 years, and i think one of those one of the reasons is because people are aware of what happened in the late '60s and early '70s, and it's '70s when our vietnam veterans were treated poorly. and like me many of them wanted to dive in to try to prevent that from happening to our active duty service members in iraq and afghanistan. education, as i was in sync am is such a critically important part of letting our young people understand why it's important to support this .1% of our population that served in military, in the military. it's a very, very small percentage of over 300 million pe

despuÉs de no regresar de una emisiÓn de bombardeo sobre vietnam del norte. testigoo 1: fue el primer latino, el major. se llama william cordero. fernando: colocaron rosas en memoria de los seres queridos que lucharon por esta naciÓn. ♪ ♪ ♪ testigo 2: mi padre desapareciÓ en combate en vietnam el 17 de marzo de 1968. nosotros estamos aquÍ hoy para honrarlo y todos los padres que dieron su vida para proteger nuestras libertades. fernando: amarillo, para los desaparecidos en combate. blanco con punta rocas, por los homenajeados por el fondo de veteranos. testigo 2: el dÍa del padre es especialmente emotivo. quiero enseÑarle mi nieto lo importante que es recordar su legado. fernando: el centro de educaciÓn en la pared. centro de aprendizaje educativo. contarÁ con las historias de mÁs de 50.000 hombres. y ahorrar asÍ. univisiÓn. aranza: cuauhtÉmoc blanco se casÓ. y una de sus regalos mÁs preciado tiene mucho que ver con sus aspiraciones polÍticas. mmmm yoplait la vaca lechera reportando. el yoplait original ahora tiene 25% menos azúcar. ¿men

veterans memorial. >> i lost my dad in vietnam in 1968. i was 11. diane: a common bond as children who did not have fathers to celebrate father's day with after the vietnam war. >> there are still people suffering the effects of that war. diane: roses lined the base of the memorial. >> there is that part of you that will always be that child even though you have moved on. it makes you a stronger person. diane: along with white roses with wet tips, for those who died in memory, for servicemembers who believe their loved ones died as a result of their service after they returned. >> a lot of them are agent orange related, cancer, ptsd suicide. diane: she says there are more than 2500 and that program. >> it is a touching way to be here for father's day. diane: robert hall is here to honor not only his father-in-law -- >> it brings back memories. diane: but to reflect. sending photos to the children whose fathers he served with in vietnam. >> it brings you back to them what they went through. dia in northwest d.c., diane cho,ne: -- diane: dia

. >> vietnam is the most divisive morally abrasive war americans have ever fought anywhere. >> it is time for the great silent majority to stand up and be counted. >> how do you ask a man to be the last man to die for a mistake. >> we will refuse to do it. you may be in jail but you won't be dead. >> military pressure will continue until a peace settlement is achieved. >> we can achieved peace with honor. >> the americans are leaving. >> the vietnamese must stay and face uncertainty. >> vietnam, we have reached the end of the tunnel and there is no light there. ♪ ♪

the vietnam lesson was apropos to the middle east. ( applause ) he didn't think that the vietnam lesson was apropos to the middle east. that would have been valid if rumsfeld hadn't already learned firsthand lessons of the middle east from the middle east. >> i would send cables to report back on my observations and i titled one of them back in november of 1983 "the swamp." i suspect we ought to lighten our hand in the middle east and keep reminding ourselves that it is easier to get into something than it is to get out of it. >> jon: yeah, you should have kept that in mind. how did you forget that lesson? why did you forget that lesson? oh it was the 80s. everyone of high on coke. you know how stephen king doesn't remember writing "cujo." same with me and my middle east quagmire memo. and why should he? because as we have seen, learning curves... and it's not

all three travel to vietnam during the war and reported on their experiences. during this discussion, they explore the role of the press during the 1960's, as well as the idea of government censorship. this program is about an hour and 20 minutes. ♪ [video clip] >> in 1965, the war was becoming the big story and i was determined that i was going to get there and cover it. so i became the first reporter from a texas newspaper to go to vietnam. >> when the action did begin, i was a veteran. i had in their for years and i was ready to roll. as a war correspondent. >> i was there because i wanted to be involved with the biggest american story of my generation. >> because i learned essentially how to control my fear.

they came from vietnam. later, most of them came from bosnia. they opened stores and helped revive the economy. local authorities were keen to ensure the new arrivals started working straight away. these days, 69% of the population supports giving refugees asylum. robert palmieri is the mayor of utica, and he's very hands-on in his job. here, he's visiting a refugee from myanmar. mayor palmieri: i'm telling you, this gentleman has been here for eight years. you have a house that is freshly painted. you have a lot of pride. you have someone who has put a house back on the tax rolls. he is raising our family in our city to grow. the benefits far outweigh anything we could ever ask for. reporter: a few problems are inevitable. the mayor doesn't mind taking a tough line when he feels he needs to. mayor palmieri: some people with chickens are slaughtering lambs. it's a way of life. but they're in america now and we have codes. you can't have unopened room in your house -- have an open grill in your house. reporter: once class is over, fatuma heads ho

nearly 3 million americans served in vietnam. but whether they returned home few got the homecoming they deserved. that changed this week for hundreds of vietnam vets. we get more from medal of honor recipient, colonel jack jacobs. >> reporter: home comings like these have been woven into our nation's fabric for our last decade welcoming home american forces from iraq and afghanistan. but for many who fought in the vietnam war, there was nothing welcome about coming home. >> i got trashed. >> i was ostracized spit on beat on. and employers wouldn't hire me. >> i wanted to be welcomed home. i didn't get that when i came home. >> reporter: that changed on friday. vietnam veterans from all over the southeast gathered at fort stewart for the homecoming they never had. >> is this the kind of thing you think helps some veterans feel like they are feeling appreciated for what they did? >> i don't think people realize the depth of feeling that those soldiers and sailman and marines feel. >> reporter: more than 58,000 troops died in the v

man, vietnam was crazy, man. it was crazy. uh... i've seen a lot of killing and stuff, man, you know? (gunfire) (explosions) that was rough. it was rough. (plane engine humming) >> mcduffie! (helicopter chopping) >> narrator: since vietnam mcduffie says he's had almost no mental health treatment. he's set to be released from prison in two months. keeping him locked up over the years has cost an estimated $200,000. >> incarcerating people is very, very expensive. creating an infrastructure to house and control hundreds of thousands of people costs billions of dollars. and what's bizarre is that we've actually taken money away from systems that are designed to help people stay out of jail and prison-- education, health and human services, family services, social services-- to fund an investment in incarceration. and you invest it in jails and prisons, almost conceding that there's a whole community that has to go to jail or prison, we can't do anything for them other than incarcerate them. >> my momma was locked up, my daddy, my cousi

host: you mentioned your wife is from vietnam. former senator webb: she was born in vietnam. her family, like so many others fled when the communist took over in 1975. the entire extended family, seven siblings, got on a boat. they were scooped out of the ocean by the united states, and she went to two refugee camps including one in arkansas, and spent most of her growing years in new orleans. worked hard. you know the story of the american dream. she worked hard, got scholarships, went to the university of michigan for asian studies, and then to cornell law school, and we met when she was an attorney. in washington, i was working on a project inside vietnam, one of a number. host: in 2005, 2006, you were announcing your candidacy for the senate, and most people told you you could not win. how did you defeat george allen? former senator webb: first, i spent a lot of time thinking about it before we announced, and a lot of people were worried people -- worrying. people think you have to get out there and do these things, but i wanted to be clear in my head that i could put 100