the french losses were even heavier. one hundred sixty thousand dead and two hundred ten thousand wounded. but the french got their victory in the end. the tactical errors the humiliations all behind them now. who. and when the snows come in december of one nine hundred sixteen the battle is officially over. three hundred days of fighting. it would take another eight months to win back the forest of course and dead man's hill and another two years for the war to end. these soldiers these husbands these fathers who had taken bravery to the very limit. they left behind thousands of orphans and they would ask was a glorious this battle. or was it just absurd. or all that was a century ago the trauma of the great wars longest battle reminds us how far we've come and above all perhaps. how much we ourselves have changed. sarah willis is a passionate french horn player. this time she meets. stranded legend and pianist asunder. and he describes what it's like to work with big stars like stevie wonder and prince royce. off the t

one french army. that's pretty much what you'd see the average soldier carrying during the war. you've got the 0715 rifle, and war, they in the developed the m19-16 rifle. the first light war.ne gun of the it's nicknamed after the inventor. you've also got a display here of what you would have seen in trenches. you've got the french soldiers' where he carries his personal items, a piece of squad equipment, mess gear. his entrenching tool, his shelter hat, his mess tin on top. every man in a french section would have carried some piece of it's a squadether an, a coffee grinder or bucket so that when they went theya static position, could move forward and feed the mess. they could go back to the field kitchens. we've also got some trenching tools here. squad carriedhe some form of entrenching tool, shovel,it was a larger whether it was a small, individual spade or the wire things of that nature. picks and hose so that when the squad went into a defensive it could dig in by itself. bayonets forot the the

he was fighting under command of the french general under the french 4th army. he fought close by. his regiment captured several lines. on september 28, 1918, they -- their target is to capture a hill, hill 188. germans put their hands up in the air and they said they were to surrender. soldiers from the 371 get closer to the german trench and of the germans jump back into the rifles and machine guns and start to fire. many officers and soldiers are killed or wounded in a few seconds and freddie stowers was then in charge of this unit because the corporal and most of the officers died around. he decided to rush to the machine gun german positions and was able to kill the gunners. but not only stop the germans first line but decided to go straight to the second line. between the first and second line, he was wounded, bleed, and finally died. >> but he didn't initially received the medal of honor. wasn't it posthumously, years later, 1992? >> 1991. >> 1991, under president george h.w. bush, his family received the medal of honor on his behalf. at the time, he was the only african-ame

it a for sale longest field for say the when the french government or french industry sells equipment abroad you know we also offer training for the equipment orchestra was different that they didn't morally believe russian navy of course supports our industry. they do take our partners by the hand and help them make the most of the equipment and supplies but they will. call off on. the french navy now conducts multi-day maneuvers with egypt every year the maneuvers look much like this training simulation in which the warship is attacked by a foreign fleet. in this way france isn't only exporting weapons but forging permanent relationships with foreign governments in these export decisions questions of human rights in the purchasing country seem to play only a small role saudi arabia is one of france's most important export partnerships. the war raged by saudi arabia and yemen has claimed many thousands of lives millions of people have been displaced saudi arabia is also known as a state in which human rights are often violated but despite this humanitarian disaster the arms exports c

the french will lead the exhausted french surrender and the germans they've just been trying to kill record them full military honors. at the end it could all just end here but that's not what happens. i'm. for having to convert all the germans have cleared the way to the next hill and the next fort over there on the horizon. severe. am. from this rocky promissory which they scale a month later on the eleventh of july began began to feel that victory is within reach and the distance they can see their done and its cathedral their ultimate goal. they'll never get there their final offensive will fail in a village now wiped off the map. foully was taken and then retaken a dozen times in just two weeks. it's the very image of the whole battle heroic and pointless. the two sides have been fighting for six months over one hundred thousand men are dead. like many of his comrades and all its fire a young writer feels he's been sacrificed by as emperor and his generals. the war has been going on too lawn he writes to his wife just one more push they keep telling us in march they said it in a

veterinarian. [ boy speaking french ] >> daniel: fireman. [ daniel speaking french ] [ boy speaking french ] >> daniel: engineering machine gun. >> anthony: he wants to make machine guns? >> daniel: engineer -- engineering machine gun, yeah. >> anthony: okay, keep an eye on that one. all right. for a dope fiend, "feeding the monkey" means finding and sticking with heroin. for one poor guy, it's this. french food. in particular, lyonnais food. the cautionary tale of bill buford. writer, editor, literary lion with a perfectly good job as fiction editor at the prestigious "new yorker" magazine. at undignified age of 53, he pretty much pulled up stakes, put his whole past life on hold, and defected to france to learn how to cook. what happened to you anyway, buford? you used to have a good job, you hang out a couple of nights with batali and the next thing you know you're living in france and cooking. >> bill: it's true. i discovered a whole world that the rest of the world didn't seem to know about. just a very compressed, intense lifelong learned expertise and knowledge of food. it's not the

the french losses were even heavier. one hundred sixty thousand dead and two hundred ten thousand wounded. but the french got their victory and. the tactical errors the humiliations all behind them now. who. and when the snows come and december of one nine hundred sixteen the battle is officially over. three hundred days of fighting. it would take another eight months to win back the forest of course and dead man's hill and another two years for the war to end. these soldiers these husbands these fathers had taken bravery to the very limit. they left behind thousands of orphans and they would ask was a glorious this battle. or was it just absurd. or all that was a century ago the trauma of the great wars longest battle reminds us how far we've come and above all perhaps. how much we ourselves have changed. to cut. this week's archives. moving canvas an italian theatre troupe reenacts paintings by carbide. there are all exhibits a sourdough library in belgium. and nimble fingers nuke us trick on your a guitar virtuoso and

coach are french people. defeat is more romantic than. in terms of passion in terms of history in terms of stadiums of course french and gone the last place french friends certainly haven't had much to get behind when it comes to competing in europe you know how many times french clubs have won the champions league all the europa league once and even the triumph i must say in one thousand nine hundred three is hardly something for french football fans to rally around the club was stripped of the french league title very same season over and. and this is the crux of the matter when we're weighing up the big leagues if you can't win in europe you're always going to struggle to attract the best players from around the world and keep hold of the best local styles and that means the level of quality is going to fall behind the other top leagues. so how does leon rank against the other five leagues i think is the best for creating talents the become world beaters for club and country is the worst for football cultu

here is pershing being introduced to the french generals. french troops to the right. mitchell: pershing is 57 years old. he had a pretty illustrious career, including a couple of stints in the phillipines after the spanish-american war. then he was an advisor and observer during the russo-japanese war. where is this? guillaume: saint nazare. close to nantes. western france. that was one of the main ports where the american troops will arrive during the entire war. from there, heading inland, where there were a lot of american bases for supplies. they had goods, shells, all the logistics there. it was a very important port. mitchell: did the french provide the port to the americans? was it used by them exclusively for their supplies and their troops? guillaume: i am not sure. but that was the main port where supplies would arrive. here is another boat coming. that is probably june of 1917. mitchell: the first combat contingent was the u.s. 1st division. this might be those troops who arrived in france with lots of fanfare. guillaume: bordeaux now. southwest france. ver

school children kiss the french flag. but not everyone in the region shared that enthusiasm catholics a nice us felt more secure in the german empire than they had under the second french empire considered by many to be hostile to the church in addition say sions had come to appreciate the efficiency and order that characterized german rule. french president the more point kathy was born in law then. one cathy believed it would be impossible to achieve a lasting peace with germany given the kaiser's aggressive approach to foreign policy so he sought a license is with russia and and britain. it works to strengthen the french military. german troops returning home after the war found that society had been severely disrupted. the. emperor of the harem of the second stepped down as german emperor and king of prussia on november the ninth one thousand nine hundred eighteen as required by the armistice agreement he spent the rest of his life in exile in the netherlands many germans saw the abdication as a humiliation. in german

the french army barrett's judge barracks. a war of national survival for the french. there is a challenge of research. i am not a french speaker. the battlefields are largely intact. you can visit. there is not a lot of what i will call fantasy associated. with world war i there is the grim reality of war and suffering is fascinating to have the men endured such slaughter for four years.>> tell me about your military service.>> i am a retired u.s. army officer serving in the national guard and regular army for 24 years or so.>> how has the army or military changed from 1918 to today? is >> today the soldier commands much more of the battle space than he did in world war i. units are much smaller. the power that can be put out by the squad is about what could be put out by a company in world war i. so many changes. advances in technology and the ability to know what the enemy is doing is and comparable but the experience is quite common. technology changes but tactics don't. >> good morning. my name is warren clock. a french unit. what i have is a model 1914 machine gu

when the french try to counter defenses areerman stronger than the french counterattack. the frontline will stabilize. that doesn't mean the french won't fight to try to defeat the germans here. thought german defenses -- the german defenses are too strong. we have heavy battles for one year, one and a half. big battles going on in the argonne forest. that will never give any advantage for one or the other. infantry offensive will then switch to a mine war. we have a lot of mine craters. soldiers were not able to go over the top and cross no man's land. they slowly had the idea to dig a tunnel from their position under the enemy line. and put some explosives provoke a mine explosion from the distance. then, they will try to cross no man's land to capture that trench. you have to dig your tunnel, put the explosive. that will never give many advantage. for three years, we will have a heavy battle, speaking about mine war. if we look at the entire front line, that will move forward four years. from my opinion, we were needing an important new american vantage to make a diffe

he was fighting under french general under the french for the army. he thought close by. -- he fought close by. his regiment captured several lines. concept of a 28, 1918, there -- on six over 28, 1918 -- on september 28, 1918, they captured a line. they put their hands up in the air and said they were to surrender. soldiers from the series -- from the 371 get closer. they start the fire. many officers and soldiers are killed or wounded in two seconds and freddie stowers was then in charge of this unit because the corporal, multiple officers died around. to theded to rush machine gun german positions and was able to kill the gunners. but not only stop the germans first line but decided to go straight to the second line. between the first and second line, he was wounded, believed, -- bleed, and finally died. >> but he didn't initially received the medal of honor. it was posthumously, years later, 1992? 1991, under president george h.w. bush, his family received the medal of honor on his behalf. onlye time, he was the african-american soldier to be awar

when the french try to counter attack the german offensive are stronger than the french counterattack. that doesn't mean the french won't fight to try to defeat the germans here. the german offensive is too strong. battles for one year, one and a half. big battles going on in the argonne forest. the classical offensive will then switch to a war. we have a lot of mine craters. soldiers were not able to go over the top that slowly have the idea to pick up from their position under the enemy line. the enemy was still wounded. that will never give many advantage. we will have a heavy battle. if we look at the entire front forward fourl move years. we need an important advantage to make a difference. that's all we did not have for four years here. >> general pershing, you mention the movement war, he oh -- he refer to it as opened warfare. americans do not stay behind the trenches but to utilize weapons, the rifles, the theys and the 1970's that -- a lot of troops hadn't actually spend time training. when they came over here they often fired their weapons for the first time. trieds the fre

i think the caller is quite right. , butlso with the french the french and the british were wrangling about colonial affairs because the french were very expansionist in africa and were running into british spheres of influence. was a real nervous point for the russians because the german development there was very threatening to them. i don't think there was any particular -- there was nothing nefarious about it. it was like the north atlantic treaty. the british got cranky that the german ships were doing so much better. or one reason, they did not keep running into icebergs and sinking. host: and yet as the armistice is put into place, you quote one historian, that that led to the age of catastrophe. explain. know, wilson said this would be a war to make the world safe for democracy and if all the league of nations was going to be this new federation of nations which would stop wars because they got large enough to involve the whole world, but in fact what happened instead was a much worse war in world war ii. revolutions, the beginning of the cold war begins in effect in 1919 when

truer to the stadium this points to an underlying issue with french football an issue with the french people themselves france is not a football country if you compare it with germany. we don't have this football culture that might sound ridiculous for a country that has reached three on one to the last six world cup finals but with us here. when the rest of the countries in this series have a glorious history of football culture. and perhaps locking the biggest problem in france in french football is that the people who are these cultural. people in. the fields is more romantic than. in terms of passion in terms of history in terms of stadiums of course. of the last place print friends certainly haven't had much to get behind when it comes to competing in europe you know how many times french clubs have won the champions league all the europa league wants and even that triumph i must say in one thousand nine hundred three is hardly something for french football fans to rally around the club was stripped of the french title but very same season over a match fixing scandal and this is

french, belgian troops are quite defeated -- the head of the french headquarter will retreat. the french will then march south and march 20, 25 miles per day. the germans are following the french retreat and they will invade the argonne very quickly. they occupied the town of varennes, but they will still make their way further south. they won't stop here. then, a big battle is starting, the first battle of the marne, early september of 1914. that's a big defeat for the germans. they have to withdraw from their position back north. when they withdraw, there are some good places. the germans start to dig trenches and put up barbed wire. when the french try to counter attack, the german defenses are stronger than the french counterattack. the frontline will stabilize. that doesn't mean the french won't fight to try to defeat the germans here. the german defenses are too strong. we have heavy battles for one year, one and a half. all of 1915. big battles going on in the argonne forest. that will never give any advantage for one or the other. the classical infantry offensive will

then the french anthem begins. french national anthem continues. so the french and german anthem is played there as the two leaders come up played there as the two leaders come up the path through the clearing into this forest in compiegne, some 70 kilometres, 40 miles north of paris, such a pivotal, symbolic place in the history of both nations we re place in the history of both nations were the german delegation 100 years ago came in by train through the battle scarred areas of northern france, taking the routes to some extent of emmanuel macron over the last few days as he has inspected this area, he has spent the week stopping in cemeteries and talking to locals in the north of the country. this is, of course, his area, he was born close to hear his great—grandfather fought at the somme so it is a personaljourney for france's president. he is now walking solemnly mixed to germany's chancellor, the first german chancellor, the first german chancellor to visit this spot in 78 yea rs, chancellor to visit this spot in 78 years, and the moment als

not exactly anti french but frightened of financial exploitation and they are frightened of french colonial methods. but there are many christians in syria in the limit and in particular how do they feel that christians are as afraid at the bottom of their hearts as the muslims and only in syria at training center is prevalent everywhere because they know what the french do. that feeling pretty well runs all through. there is the french nationalist party which is sentimental still harking back to the crusades. so science returned and as the current sort of started to come together he was called into downing street at the end of the year on the sixteenth of december nine hundred fifty and then. he must've gone with a map as well because he got into them the meeting with the cabinet the prime minister and his chief ministers sitting around the cabinet table in downing street i believe they fear an arab caliphate. is an independent stage the common language the arabs of tunis algeria and morocco in regional cause they control entirely the french nationalists believe that if the allies when the

french flare we take a trip to the mediterranean sea.

he's in prison on suspicion of falsifying financial reports the japanese comic his french partner brad know is keeping going on as chief executive naming an interim c.e.o. a major rift is a merger between the companies and their alliance even the french and japanese finance ministers are meeting over the matter it was an eagerly awaited decision in tokyo and around the world for hours nissan's top executives held consultations with their c.e.o. hero to psychotic then it became clear go on must leave his position as chairman of the. site is expected to be his temporary successor. carstone has plans from the plush surroundings of his executive suite to a spartan cell behind the walls of this tokyo jail rumors that management was behind his fall from grace spread like wildfire. it's a source of coup de tat by nissan those who didn't like him tonight for him internally to make him full. carlos ghosn is one of the most successful also company bosses of all time in one thousand nine hundred six he began restructuring struggling french carmaker ran zero three years later he engineered the all

in french cinema. is elderly father and his family seek the protection of the victors. historians differ on the significance of the brief war some see it as the last of the colonial conflicts others believe it set the stage for future wars of d. colonizing. the years of mediately following world war one what models by major social and political dislocation. many people abandon religion and turn to political engagement to try to make some sense of life. by the mid one nine hundred twenty s. fascist movements were growing throughout your. communism had spread to the shores of the united states in one thousand nine hundred nineteen this led to a red scare during which a number of communists and anarchists would be ported. about two hundred fifty of them were sent to russia all the transport ship dumped the soviets on. was. in january nine hundred twenty the united states out from all the production importation and sale of alcoholic beverages this was commonly known as prohibition and its supporters had cl

french nationalism is very strong. people hold on to the memory of the first world war in my opinion far too much as our president has just traveled across the vast former battleground of the first world war to show how deep the connection with the war still is that there is a deep connection in every french family all of them had at least one fallen soldier in the first world war and find this the first world war is commemorated in france but in germany it's quite a different story in france they call it luck call and again the great wars the language alone tells us that remembrances different why is that. because a lot more people died in the first than in the second world war. in the second world war and i don't mean this disrespectfully a few hundred thousand french were killed. but in the first world war it was millions every family had their dead people are more reluctant to commemorate the second world war because france wasn't quite as honorable in its defeat. in the log and. by and what is it that the french c

the french guy if there were any french monuments and he said no. only monument we would build in france would be a scaffold on which we could hang the members of the government. which pretty much summed up the french attitude. >> every frenchtown had the world war i memorial for those who died. where is the one in the united states? guest: good question, there isn't one. there's none in washington. there's a small one on independence avenue to americans from d.c. who died in the war, and they building one in pershing square across from the ronald reagan building. is supposed to be done in a year or two. how world war i for most americans has sort of fallen down the memory hole. washington journal, live every day with news and policy issues that impact you. , a discussionng of the week ahead in congress. then the government accountability office will talk about the cost states incur for medicaid expansion. be sure to watch washington journal, live at 7:00 eastern monday morning. join the discussion. >> congress returns tuesday. the house is backed,

in his address to the french president. he didn't only talk about the events of one hundred years ago he spoke at length about applying the lessons of the past to the present in the future and he also made some remarks that well he seemed pointed at president thought will trump let's take a listen. patriotism isn't it's not just opposite of nationalism disunity it's all nationalism is a sense of this trail patriotism when you say our interests where some protests about the authors that are to strong his own party has carried the nation to be the greatest it is it destroys its moral values not just what makes a country right so i mean pose the question to you because we lost our signal there with with max what the french president just said there it sounded like a direct rebuke. of donald trump and his america first here well i mean i think the french president was. following a difficult line a difficult balancing act between what needs to happen on this day a day of commemoration looking back of course to the history and re

purchased from the french. here you have a mascot brought over, probably snuck over by americans because i don't think dogs were typically allowed on the transports. here you have americans entering france for the first time. in letters i have read, it was astonishing, because often they would see in these towns were women dressed in black. widows or the daughters of fathers of those who were killed. susan: the europeans must have just been floored at the numbers of americans who came over. mitchell: they are jumping ahead here. contini. this is the americans being put into the line to help stop the germans in this great offensive in the spring and early summer of 1918. -- cantigny. allison: and this battle is famous for the efforts of the first edition, the big red one. mitchell: this is the artillery. french artillery. the americans did not have their own guns to bring over. so, we borrowed them from the french. one of the more famous artillery commanders in world war i was captain harry s. truman, who was a

we have to do is convince the french. the french agree to the deal in september sixteen forty six truck months dorf reaches a provisional arrangement with friends. you can watch during joining yourself the french are making peace with the emperor . so watch that's just a draft of the war so instead of us to see what the french will get how long is long we're going to wait until he agrees to the whole thing you know everything what we're even losing half of pomerania. pullman's the french will go their own way. and in the end will be alone in the war between will know except that. where did you get this it came and know mostly they just want to pressure our success even so we must mean drought was gone half way calm. in february sixteenth forty seven the ambassadors respond to truckman story of software. sweden agrees to the division of pomerania. the good news we still have to negotiate a ban on public evangelicals worship and how to read it or lapsed i suggest we discuss it later later we're not discussing that at all. t

which has been signed for the first time between french and german. in one thousand and twenty seven and we see that railcar there now exactly. is just reminded that. of europe france and germany and europe as a whole been in peace for seventy three years it's the longest time they've been in peace in history. the song sung by these children was also very moving they called. all ancestors and. it's a cover version of the french national him he was in the musée years and they say this would be normal war anymore for all children let's join together to make sure no warning will. be crucial of michael's face was quite moved by that. the medical appears to be the first to sign the book the first and the last apparently the last page of this book that's what the. head of of the association just saved. certainly of a fitting last page so that he has a medical and. that final page in closing one hundred years of history. we have any idea of the other names that would be in this golden book they're looking through it now. certainly many people over the years

what we have here is the workhorse of the french army. and the americans, for that matter, because this is a 75-millimeter artillery piece. this gun, and many others like it, were used throughout the western front by the french. it had been used as early as the 1870's, and it was a valuable piece of machinery for the americans. it should be known that the americans didn't have their own artillery, but relied on the french to provide artillery pieces in this part of the western front, not only the 75, but the 105, and 110. artillery was used heavily during the battle of belleau wood, find deep into the woo ds, which forced the germans germans to scatter from their trench position, and allowed an opening, which the fifth and sixth marines took advantage of. the marines launch an offensive belleau wood, and the americans are forced to go across hedges and heavy rows of wheat, which is now in full bloom in june. it will take another two weeks before the americans are able to penetrate to the south into the woods. finally on june 24, a major t

upsked the french guy come were there any french monuments? he said, no. the only monument we would hold in france would be a scaffold on which we could hang the government. [laughter] guest: that pretty much sums up the french attitude. guest: you go to french towns, and every french town has a world war i memorial to those who died. host: where is the one in the united states? guest: a very good question. there isn't one. guest: kansas city? guest: that is a museum. there is a very small one not too far from here on independence avenue to americans from d.c. who died in the war. they are bit -- building one in pershing square at the ronald reagan building. i don't know when it's supposed to be done, a year or two? the fact that there is no memorial for those who died in -- it's a sign of how world war i has mostly fallen down the memory hole. store is joining us from mechanicsville, virginia. caller: good morning. my father was a veteran also a world war ii and for years, he had a foot locker down in the whoment of my grandfather was in a horse-drawn art

french italian collaboration. the family longer duck shown here setting sail from the military port of to loom is one of the most modern warships in the world along with naval capabilities it's equipped for anti submarine and anti aircraft warfare. its equipment includes cruise missiles which allow precision attacks on land targets from a great distance. the frigates were killed designed by the french company naval group which is more than sixty percent stay turned a single frigate costs more than six hundred million euros the commander of the long duk. is proud that the flame war ship is also being sold abroad of the waterfalls of only that if they get it in the shore france has sold multi-mission frigates to morocco and egypt. that it did not hold up part of our mission is to support weapons exports that help expand french influence and help implement our strategic interests. it's that simple. for people. in june twenty fifth iin a family frigate was officially handed over to egypt the french minister of defense

he was fighting under french command. >> that was the french fourth army? >> yes, french fourth army. >> stowers would be awarded the medal of honor posthumously by president george h.w. bush. >> back in 1991, i think. now we have another african-american soldier that was awarded the medal of honor, private johnson. he was awarded two years ago, 2015, by obama. part of the 93rd. anright here you see american ambulance. usually they were fords. >> how many african-american soldiers saw action in the first world war? around 150,000? >> a little bit more than that. about 200,000 were in france, but many of them didn't actually see combat. they did labor battalion work or stevedore work back in the rear, unloading ships. only the 92nd and the composite combat. >> the 93rd was the famous harlem hellfighters. >> the harlem hellfighters also known as the harlem rattlers were a national guard unit mostly out of harlem, new york. a good shot of them cooking up potatoes. >> they were on line for moere days than other units. >> that's right. they saw significant actio

whatsoever as to how he was treated by some french officers. most who didn't at all the but what can you could be the butt of them so we were. in belize can land them to beat up beat up where they can you could do some of the but raid but. such as and ok no day even if he were to. atone suffered a will. accept me that having. me if he was of had an ad that will end combat wedding and that will i know when i. like a family way way where you money and a happy man. shared a kind. it has one of. the den i could only see. as soon as father spoke of discrimination and this is part of a bigger question of army discipline in the. desire to face execution. but the french are accused of something more sinister the ancient roman army practice of decimation the killing of every tenth member of a unit for failures of discipline. france is reported to have used it against its north african troops. as in roman times decimation was used against a whole unit rather than individuals. investigated an incident here in the belgian village of zilla back near the bat

no we have to do is convince the french. the french agree to the deal in september sixteen forty six tried months dorf reaches a provisional arrangement with friends. even was during joyous self the french are making peace with the emperor. so watch out that's just a draft of off. since you first you see what the french. how long is long we're going to wait until you grease the whole thing you know everything well we're even losing half of pomerania. departments the french will go their own way and in the end will be alone in the war between will know except that you can. where did you get this it came anonymously they just want to pressure ours. even so we must meet drought which door half way. in february sixteenth forty seven the ambassadors respond to troponin story of software. sweden agrees to the division of pomerania. that's just good manners we still have to negotiate the ban on public evangelicals worship and a half back hereditary lambs i suggest we discuss that later better we are not discussing that at all. the

of french interests abroad. though they paid lip service to independence for the arab provinces of the ottoman empire the ambitions of their respective countries where their real priorities is never the case the people assume the people i saw mark sites and other british and the french policy makers were being disingenuous in their support for the idea of national freedom in the middle east that at base it was just frankly a lie that they were sincere in their support for this idea of a new era of national freight and because how could they be when they had their own very clear british french imperial objectives in the middle east. at this stage this was a paper exercise dependent on the course of the war. during the buttons moon of the century doubly mons. and also to the treasury the monkey that when it was she'd make it about. poker but there it was the open to it well i'd need a call could be liz i may don't. look at them the suez and joy sayed the one thing expedition point. is eight and the ship the ridge

was by and what is it that the french commemorate about the first world war. is it fake to read or what is it is this is this. human thought thing that i was a boy scout when i was eight or nine years old or. there were six of us in a group and every member of this group competed. i was competitive too i won as the leader of this group and i said that's a little strange i'm still a german yes but you'll be french they said and it's symbolic for you to do it. i didn't experience anything else. my mother's first experiences my father died when i was young wonderful and in school it was great how they accepted me. i had private lessons for free with a teacher and so on then after a year my french was advanced and i was really proud. of. that as i'm not good would it have been different if you had been treated differently here how did you feel about it. and it wasn't integration it was really assimilation. and the boy scouts group was wonderful my school mates it wasn't easy at the beginning i couldn't speak a word of french they asked me come onto to parrot becau