josephus was a jewish aristocrat, who eventually ended up in rome where he became a writer of jewish history. >> were it not for josephus, we would know very little about pontius pilate's reign as governor of judaea. in the time of josephus, the province of judaea was ruled from the administrative capital, caesarea maritima. >> when pontius pilate arrives here in caesarea, he would have found a proper roman city befitting the imperial representative of rome. he would have found a man-made harbor complete with a temple to augustus at this beautiful huge hippodrome, where spectators could watch the races while they looked out over the mediterranean. >> according to josephus, pontius pilate arrived in judaea roughly 30 years after the birth of jesus. >> pilate was a roman knight, which means that he belonged to the equestrian order, the lowest rank of the roman nobility. he would have owed his position in judaea to the patronage of the roman emperor tiberius. >> pontius pilate was clearly an ambitious chap. he had been sent to judaea, not the plum appointment of all appointments. he wan

around three percent interest if rome is forced to pay investors more that'll put even more pressure on state finances and let's talk a little bit about that let's bring in a seaman gupta who's standing by for us in rome sima good to see you know there's one piece of good news and that is standard and poor's said another downgrade is likely but is that enough for rome to be able to turn things around well as you mentioned mean it's he's the economy is not in the best of places the economy stumbled at the end of twenty eighteen and then of course the massive debt is you also mentioned but we have the figure of one hundred thirty two percent of the g.d.p. which is essentially the second highest in europe and so all these figures put in place but we had the finance minister giovanni tria speaking just earlier this month seeing that he believes that italy is probably out of recession and that because of encouraging start to the year perhaps it's a little bit more optimistic for the second half so perhaps that might have had some to play in terms of the ratings agencies and how they did n

let's look back to rome in the first century. back then the romans were capable of constructing buildings like st pieces as seen in the roman forum the power center of an empire that ruled the western world. rome exports of its way of life to its full of those provinces it dictated the us culture and architecture of an entire era. at the time rome was home to a million people twenty times more than one of the largest cities of the renaissance. but rome was dominance was built on the oppression of millions of slaves entire people's perception created. for centuries the roman military machine succeeded in holding the impiety gether. but at some point about variance gain the upper hand. the guts and the vandals. in the fifth century the western empire has ceased to exist. roma monday once the capital of the world and home to a million people fell into decay and the dark ages began. much of the knowledge of antiquity was lost in all areas but particularly in engineering architecture mathematics and physics. the ruins of the ancient w

that meant well from florence milan naples venice and rome flowed into smaller places. if you go to italy and enjoy the beauty and diversity of these small towns you get an eye. idea of what it meant back then to turn war and iron into gold and gold into art school. milan in fourteen eighty five you not o's employer was loaded because sports who group the city state. you know to apply to work for him as a military engineer and maker of weapons only mentioning his painting and sculpture in passing that the vicar had great expansion plans was reading himself for war. and so leonardo ended up building high tech weapons for the sports. inspired by antiquity he combined the idea of an enclosed chariot with the torches formation used by the roman legions in siege warfare. it was supposed to be an armored vehicle with incredible firepower but it failed in practice it was too heavy to move easily and the steam engine hadn't yet been invented. the codex atlantica contains more than a thousand pages with sketches. he designed to perpetual motion machine a gearbox and vehicles pow

ostia a seaside suburb of rome. this road links austria to the rest of the city. at the daily newspaper lottery book leka research regarding the explosions is underway. frederica and jelly is a local reporter her beat is mafia activities. as was present with whom two bombs exploded one in front of the house. and one on the balcony of the mother of the principal witness tamara in a mafia case. tamara is a young woman who statements have helped police arrest thirty two members of the spot atlanta. and tomorrow's partner is the nephew of a high level criminal can you know. when a criminal is murdered then his gang which includes the nephew here automatically gets absorbed into a stronger clan with anybody in their chain grab at all chain traffic back to their camp you for. the time for an editorial meeting. they have been bombs in austria evacuations in seven a wrists he went to where there are some new developments in the story first there's the mother who's told me all about her daughter the principal witness who was tracked down by the spot has. given a whole page

i was in the middle of my theological studies in rome. the opening day, we were in st peter's square and we watched this procession of bishops and then at the end came popejohn the. this procession of bishops and then at the end came popejohn xxiii. the crowds were chanting, it was a very exciting day. 10% of all the bishops here today have come from africa. about 20% have come from south america. it was quite an experience to be exposed to all of these different nationalities, different parts of the church from around the world. you could go into a restaurant and you would see bishops from france or bishops from spain and there would be a lot of spontaneous conversations. there was a tension between those who wanted to keep things the way they were who john xxiii called the prophets of doom, they were whojohn xxiii called the prophets of doom, who saw everything in a negative way. some of the debates could get quite sharp. there were a lot of human tensions, a lot of human dynamics. an exciting modification in the thinking and practice o

my daughter could think this is her ex she would definitely be very surprised but i was go from rome makes gigantic amazing acts out of chocolate for the last ten years the confectioner has created something special for easter this year who was inspired by the world's fashion. the latest coming out in a cellist on a chocolate easter egg. which could tourists extravagant designs inspired val to mosco a confectionery in rome to create sixty giant easter anx based on pieces by big name fashion designers. colorful zigzags or a familiar pattern by the italian missoni fashion house. tribute to karl lagerfeld . chocolate cause say it in the style of french fashion maven john paul gaultier. and an egg inspired by british designer alexander mcqueen a skull to sink your teeth into by feltham a scope. we used tempered for chocolate and molding chocolate for the roses. then we added gold leaf that edible a twenty four degree celsius. you've got it before you know it it took four to five days of work to get in the finished piece weighs seven kilos i don't. think it was it was extremely difficult

roll which could tourists extravagant designs in spine about a month ago a complexion in rome to create sixteen giant east anx based on pieces by big name fashion designers. colorful zigzags or a familiar pattern by the italian missoni fashion house. a tribute to karl lagerfeld. chocolate course eight in the style of french fashion maven john paul gaultier. trend in egg inspired by british designer alexander mcqueen as the goal to sink your teeth into my pal to moscow. i believe that we used tempered for chocolate and molding chocolate for the roses. then we added gold leaf that's edible the twenty four degree celsius. you got it before you know it it took four to five days of work to get in the finished piece weighs seven kilos. here because it was one it was extremely difficult to reproduce the craniums anatomy not only of the crown your time and effort are reflected in the prices for these unique items ranging from one hundred fifty to five hundred euros in the hearts of rome near the colosseum fountain moscow consults a fashion make a friend for advice on his latest east bank collec

time. >> john allen giving us context there live in rome. we'll stay in tush with you throughout the day. now to northern ireland. two suspects have been arrested in connection with the murder of a journalist lyra mckee. police say the killing may be terrorism and a group referred to as the new ira they say is responsible. international diplomatic editor nic robertson following the story live this hour in londonderry. the new ira. help viewers help to understand the background of that group and this new connection that investigators have linked to mckee's killing. >> reporter: it's a dissonant republican group and the police believe that the gunmen the two men they arrested are members of that group. this is a group that has its roots in sort of violent republicanism that they follow in the traditions of what they believe you know, what people might call the old ira that this group the police say that they fear is what they call a new breed of terrorist. now, i think it's lost on no one that lyra mckee's killing really highlights the opportu

>> there is hope. ♪ ♪ >>> rome, the eternal city. seat of the most powerful religious figure in the world. pope francis is the 266th pontiff and he leads the church's 1.2 billion followers. but he's a new kind of pope, a humble latin american jesuit more devoted to the poor than the royal pomp and circumstance that comes with the thrown of st. peter. that's convinced some powerful critics that the holy father is a left wing liberal. and they're coming for him. led by, of all people, an american who loves upsetting the established order. >> the administrative apparatus of the church has to be changed. they even admitted they need help, right? i would love, and i'm rallying people, you know, lay people today in the united states. >> why is steve bannon now taking the vaticansy? >> because nobody else has stepped up to do it. >> president trump's former campaign chairman steve bannon is on a new crew skr crew said. >> are you feeling confident you can also impact change here? >> absolutely. no doubt. >> his goal is to save the catholic

. don't think will come from the vatican orfrom rome. i expect also because of the particular relationship between french catholicism and the french state, it will be french money from the french taxpayers but this is something new. again, because when all of these cathedrals were built, there was no taxpayers' money that was giving money to a secular state so this may sound a very peripheral issue for us but for some kind of catholics they feel like there may be some kind of violence done upon this church if it is rebuilt by the secular state. this fire says something about the state of the catholic church globally now but i believe the act of rebuilding will say even more about the situation of the catholic church today. fascinating point about how rebuilding and going forward and what it means the france, what it means that the catholic church and who will ultimately be paying for it as we look at images of notre dame tonight. yes, it is still the fire under control but there is so much work that will need to be redone to reconstruct

james, thank you very much, james reynolds in rome. and meanwhile, here in britain, the queen and the royals are attending an easter service at st george's chapel in windsor, helena lee is there for us now. we set like beautiful easter weather, couldn't have picked a better day, plenty of people hoping to catch a glimpse of of the royal family? yes, blue skies outside windsor castle. that is quite a big crowd outside the castle and the the front entrance was up however, u nfortu nately for front entrance was up however, unfortunately for them, we don't think they will see the queen or any other members of the royal family. the easter sunday service is taking place at the moment in st george's chapel in the grounds of the castle. we saw the queen arrived earlier on, she was greeted by members of her family, the duke of edinburgh has not attended the service today but we know that the duke and duchess of cambridge, they are here. prince harry is here, he is attending the seve rs harry is here, he is attending the severs but meghan markle

james reynolds, bbc news, rome. the headlines on bbc news. at least 200 people have been killed in sri lanka after eight explosions at hotels, and churches during easter services. 27 foreign nationals are believed to have been killed, police have arrested seven people have been arrested in connection with the attacks. the queen has attended an easter service that coincides with her 93rd birthday. the crowd sang happy birthday. the crowd sang happy birthday as she left. sport and it is turning into a very bad day for manchester united, everton a re bad day for manchester united, everton are 4—0 up with only a few minutes remaining. united will miss out on a chance to move back into the top four. konta has given britain a 2—0 lead. britain will win the tie if katie boulton wins her tie next. and at the crucible in sheffield, the former champion shaun murphy as two frames up, live on bbc two for you at the moment. more on around an hour's time. police say they've now arrested more than 830 people protesting in london over climate change. the

of course violence criminality terrorism was always rome still rome today and twenty one thousand we condemn it wholeheartedly we hope that everyone will work in london darien and be further afield with the place service to give them all the support that they need and can i command the officers last night who stood between the community and those who sought to do the community harm. and there is violence came on the eve of the twenty first sound of verse three of the signing of the good friday agreement that largely an. did the decades long complex between catholic irish nationalists and protestants in northern ireland but memories of the troubles are slow to fade in london derry or derry which was the original name of the city. john donnelly is a former ira fighter from derry in his home is a small collection of treasures from the decades of warfare known as the troubles show me a young lad for us the british soldiers belt back contains photos from a secret list of wanted ira members and it was a photo of myself there those are technically army. scale usually do not use their inform

a certain man named judas led a rebellion against both rome and the sons of herod the great. he did so by entering into the city of sepphoris, breaking into the armory, stealing all the weapons and arming his men. >> judas the galilean was a famous rebel against rome who insisted that the empire had no proper right to be ruling israel. >> we know about judas' revolt from josephus. >> come on! >> who writes about it in his historical documents. >> come on! >> here was a native jew who could be king over judea, a new messiah that many jews wanted to support. >> today, we cannot imagine someone going up against a force such as the roman empire in that way, but in judas' time, the romans have not been in israel very long relatively speaking. >> for a while, it may have looked like the rebellion would have been successful, but then the romans sent 15,000 troops down from syria into sepphoris to flatten the city and squash the rebellion. >> i think it would be terrifying to face the roman army. you would know that they were there to utterly destroy you. >> judas was hopelessly outc

james in rome. profoundly deaf children, who are unable to use standard hearing aids or implants, are now being offered pioneering brain surgery. specialist teams in london and manchester will perform the procedure, known as auditory brainstem implant, which could help under—fives hear for the first time. well, earlier, bbc breakfast spoke to imelda, whose son, theo, has had the surgery, and neurosurgeon scott rutherford. theo falls into a very select minority of children who unfortunately are not able to have conventional hearing aids or cochlear implants. the reason for that is he has been born without hearing nerves on either side. all of those conventional therapies for congenitally deaf children rely on there being a cable between the inner ear and the brain to conduct those hearing signals. theo did not have that so up until a few years ago there was no option for allowing theo to hear. what can he now hear? in a quiet room in the home, he can hear me calling from upstairs to downstairs, thr

our rome correspondent james reynolds reports. days after one catholic monument in europe was badly damaged by fire, attention turned to another of the church's most iconic structures, st peter's basilica here in rome. under grey skies, worshippers, pilgrims and tourists gathered in the square. the pope celebrated easter mass. he called for peace in conflicts in the middle east, africa, and latin america. from the basilica's main balcony he offered prayers for the victims in sri lanka. translation: i heard of the serious attacks in sri lanka today with great pain and sadness, that on easter sunday have brought mourning and suffering. i would like to express my closeness and affection to the christian community, struck while gathered in prayer and to all the victims of the cruel violence. the archbishop of canterburyjustin welby this morning leading a service in canterbury cathedral called on people to stand with sri lanka in prayer, condolence and solidarity. the will to power leads to the murder of innocents in sri lanka. the utt

camilla's game is going on here let's let's hear from francesco in rome francesco do you agree with. says western powers like france are playing a double game in libya and that haile for have to wouldn't have undertaken this offensive on tripoli unless he had the backing of some of these powers. certainly western powers believe they are able to be friends and everyone in this very complex game in the case for italy for instance if the lee is certainly very close to cut. the things that have hedged itself also against the wrath or say to egypt or the saudis of the iraqi but turns out that it probably has estimated its own and its own insurance policies as it turns out proximity close ties are to egypt. off a little use these days so italy is left wondering whether it did the man properly . then obviously blaming it on france is an old italian handed especially when it comes to libya but yes. there is lot of ambiguity playing these days the ambiguity that our minds especially from from the europeans because they clearly have competing interests in libya do you think that they can overc

james reynolds, bbc news, rome. the headlines on bbc news. at least 200 people have been killed in sri lanka after eight explosions at hotels, and churches during easter services. 27 foreign nationals are believed to have been killed, police have arrested seven people in connection with the attacks. the queen has attended an easter service at windsor castle on her 93rd birthday. a crowd sang "happy birthday" as she left st george's chapel. sport and for a full round up, from the bbc sport centre, here's karthi. good afternoon. manchester united have had a day their fans will want to forget quickly after they were completely outclassed by everton who claimed a 4—0 win at goodison park. the home side were 2—0 up inside half an hour and then lucas digne made it three in the second half. theo walcott rounded off the scoring less than ten minutes later as united lose for the sixth time in eight games and they are real danger of not finishing in the top four this season. i think everyone here hands on heart that it is nowhere near good enough,

john joining us this hour in rome. john, the pope has not yet spoken about what happened in sri lanka, but you say that he will likely make remarks in his noon homily? >> reporter: yeah. so right now the pope is leading the easter sunday mass.. easter is of course the most sacred day on the catholic christian calendar. it's the day the christians celebrate the resurrection of jesus from the dead. he did not mention this and he will keep the focus on the ritual itself. at noon, rome, in about an hour he is going to be delivering what's known as an address to the city that is rome and to the world, which is always a sort of 360 degree review of the global situation, george. we are fully expecting that he will have something to say about sri lanka then. >> keeping in mind the pope was in sri lanka just a few years ago speaking on the issue of reconciliation. >> reporter: yeah, that's right, sri lanka is of course a country that was torn by a very bloody 30 year civil war that ended only in 2009 fueled largely by separatis

picture of jesus as crucifixion is on the door of the church of st sabina on the oven time hill in rome kids from the fifth century and. so there seems to have been some reticence about depicting the cross in the early church records as christians in the first centuries seem to have had a problem accepting the symbol of defeat execution and suffering to represent their faith and their god. you're young and forgot. the conversion of the roman emperor constantine marked a turning point legend has it that constantine had a vision on the eve of battle in the year three hundred twelve he saw the cross and the words in this sign conquer. he had crosses painted on his soldiers shields and he won that decisive battle the emperor converted and declared christianity the state religion. another point on the cross lost its associations with the shameful death it spread across the roman empire first in the form of a monogram combining in the first two letters of the greek word christophe's keith and row. over the centuries it was increasingly figured as across. in these early depictions the chris of

prices for these unique items ranging from one hundred fifty to five hundred euros in the hearts of rome near the colosseum to moscow consults a fashion make a friend for advice on his latest east bank collection. designer luigi bullen a recommends this lady's jacket trim didn't run stay. alive all ready for the garment that we already were. here you see how i laid out the geometric patterns. there is like the ancient roman mosaic floors. where the color combination is also striking. a lot of here we have pure gold and black and smoke greystones before me. with our use cocoa butter. and make the egg cream colored here as well. well to moscow has his workshop in south room. the base for this creation is an egg of white chocolate. to make the stems fountain moscow he uses is a multiple guess substitute. the confectioner also in studies designs by great twentieth century couture creates for his ideas face chocolate sculptures. among others the and avant garde concepts and spanish fashion designer christabel blend santa has drawn his attention. level journey and a lot more that they live thr

she is an american-born art historian now based in rome. i spoke to her a short time ago via skype. elizabeth lev, thank you very much for talking with us. what was your reaction wen you first hearabout this fire? >> it's a kind of shock that comes from having read about, as an histian, destruction of monuments, the fires that have taken placen monuments hundreds of years ago. i never thought i would livuge thsomething like this. i never thought that i would personally feel that separation of a work of art that you assumed would always be there, would see me born, it would seee me. i never thought i would outlive a great work of art. >> woodruff: we don't know yet, of urse, what all had been lost, but what is at stake here? a >> thee several hundred fire officers trying to get the works of ah art out of the cathedral. it is the cathedral itself which is a work of art. it's the cathedral itself ich is an iconic monument, and that, already, has been seriously damaged and will undoubtedly submitted more damage before the whole thing is over.uf >> woo what about what's inside the catdr?

paul outside the walls burned down in the early 19th century. >> in rome. >> in rome. and was essentially rebuilt by the whole world. liz would know the detail. but major figures from all over the world contributed to the rebuilding of that basilica which was really a piece of the world's patronmoney. i hope when it comes to rebuilding notre dame, whether all of us might want to take some role in helping the church of paris rebuild this extraordinary place of truth and goodness and beauty. >> liz, we were mentioning before that there are many times in the past where this cathedral had fallen into great disrepair. and in fact, at times, it seemed to be almost irredeemable. but they've had major restorations. major renovations. it's hard to even wrap your head around right now, so early into this, just a few hours after the extent of the damage that we're seeing. but you can rebuild. you can come together as a world community, as a church community, as a city. we've seen it in the past, have we not, liz, and rebuilt? >> yes, i've been thinking about the st. paul's outsid

the two leaders spent a couple of days in rome, at a spiritual retreat led by pope francis. as their summit came to an end, the pope reached out with a symbolic statement of hope. from rome, our religion editor martin bashir. this is not happy peace summits normally end. salsa dance leaders had spent two days on retreat when hope francis due matters to a close in dramatic fashion. the symbolism of kissing the president and vice is at its feet brought many to tears. this, after he had issued a direct unscripted appealfor he had issued a direct unscripted appeal for these he had issued a direct unscripted appealfor these enemies he had issued a direct unscripted appeal for these enemies to seek the common good. i ask you as a brother, stay in peace. i am asking you with my heart. there will be struggles, disagreements amongst you, but in front of the people, hold hands, united. south saddam plunged into civil war two years after gaining independence in 2011. after the president from the majority fired his deputy. 400,000 have lost their lives and more than a third of the count

genie: fema grououped u up -- fh gupta reported from rome. the prime minister hasas annound that if reelected, he will annex jewiwish settlements in ththe wt banknk. one has called benenjamin netanyahu's move e the end of peace, as netanyahu is facing come petition from the newly formed blue and white party, led by former army chief b benny dadance. benny gance. reporter: it is the city israel haifa.s as a model, muslimsms, and christians live inin harmomony . ththese arab-b-israeli companyny centnters work toward d that go. >> here, we learn n how to redue the tension.. to deliver, no matter who you arare -- you are ok and we can live together.r. something hapappens, we do not blame the whole society. there is an organized visisit for arab women. it lets them know the history of their city from muslim and jewish perspectives, to o promoe coexistetence. in haifa, bebefore the creatition of israel, in 191948e liveved together, anand always . reporter: despipite this posisie image, daily life is not always easy for arabs in haifa. they say they

. >> reporter: we drove outside rome where bannon is restoring this grand monastery. bannon plans to build an apartment for himself here and live here part of the year in this monastery of bannonism. he says this will be a school to teach judeo-christian values to a new generation of nationalist populists. and bannon says the pope is the most powerful opponent to his plans. >> he's constantly coming back and putting all the faults in the world on this populist nationalist movement. >> reporter: maybe he's right. maybe they are a problem. >> absolutely nonsense. >> reporter: bannon's ambitions go far beyond the u.s. there e and think, oh, no, steve bannon, the guy who helped put trump in the white house, now has his sights set on the vatican. >> why would they think that? >> why can't you stop? because it's true because that's what you're doing? you're trying to bring change to this institution. >> this institution needs change. this institution is in decline. i think people will say that. >> this is just the beginning? >> very beginning. very beginning. this will take

now rebuilding the not in paris will not be easy but a famous cathedral in the french city of rome proves it can be done also called not true down the road cathedral was almost destroyed by fire and shelling jaring world war one as in sasha but reports now it took twenty five years to restore the building to its former glory. it's not as famous as not to dam in paris but not a dam in a class is equally impressive a towering gothic splendor soaring into the sky built in the eleventh century francis kings were crowned here but in world war one it was left in ruins by german artillery the cathedral was eventually rebuilt with painstaking attention to detail that there was in character a discussion on true go to decide whether we should leave the cathedral as a room remembering all that force had been done during the war or if we had to rebuild the cathedral and or for society to rebuild it like not to dam in paris the roof here was destroyed inside heat resistant cement was used in the new version instead of timber it took twenty five years to restore the casie jewel french president emanuel

located in the tiny village of two exultingly which lies a two and a half hour's drive south east of rome there we meet a man called benjamin hanwell who steve bannon has installed as his chief strategist in what he said to be a training camp for the next wave of populist think has and activists. here in a tranquil and secluded rural setting benjamin harn wells mission is to establish a training center in a former monastery here in trees ulti an academy with extremely conservative outlooks. with his so-called institute for human dignity hardwell has set himself an ambitious goal to save western civilization mobilizing christians and jews in the fight against islam which he refers to religious role models for his mission. the picture of him behind me is his martyrdom. it was skin to life for his faith in jesus christ. i'm going to remember that today in the work christianity is the world's most pesach used religion. and to get that in the west the academy aims to train budding young politicians to become staunch catholics and right wing populists resulting in the next generation is going t