so this was what fdr was dealing with. pearl harbor was also for the most part with some monumental exceptions in my view of the japanese and i am skeptical a little bit about the roosevelt policy on the holocaust especially later in the war. but with large exceptions, i think roosevelt was almost a model war president. explain week after week in those firefight jets to the americans, fighting this war for the freedoms. explaining we may have some setbacks, i want you all to get out your maps and those of you have enlisted to be in radio and i'm going to tell you what we intend here. the model of an educator. roosevelt was such a brilliant war president and the combination of world war ii, was both successful and so great for the united states that for most of the time since then, congress has been very happy to succeed to basically let the president have the war power which the founders had hoped to give to congress. 1950s, shuman didn't bother to ask congress for a war declaration, police action was later called. before

there is fdr arriving. where fdr got stalin to back the d-day invasion with a simultaneous offensive on the western front, forcing the wehrmacht to fight on two fronts. in which case the germans would be unable to draw forces from the east to face armies in the west. in france. operation bagratzion. stalin also promises to join the war against japan once hitler surrenders. fdr's trip to cairo and tehran was thus historic, a triumph. when churchill was asked by his doctor whether anything had gone wrong, he snapped, a bloody lot wrong has gone wrong. in fact, as history shows, a bloody lot has gone right. certainly hitler is in no doubt as to the defining importance of an allied cross channel invasion for the fate of the nazi third reich. the landings and subsequent battle will, quote, decide the war, hitler warns his staff and goebels. it will not be too hard to beat the western allies, hitler adds. after all, he doesn't, quote, have the feelings that the british have there, shall we say, whole heart in in

fdr would never had stand back to it. he would have been proud of what truman had did. >> why didn't fdr client state to the u.s. capital. >> this dates back on the eleanor report. something that eleanor was upset, but she hadn't been present when her husband died. she was annoyed with her daughter anna for not having kept it secret. i don't think there's any truth in that. i don't think that's why emily decided against it for her own reasons. i don't think there is much exaggerated feeling of anger. the point is it's impossible for any historian to do believe that they are paralyzed and unwell. but it's impossible to believe that the president surrounded by staff, i don't know but advisors. by politicians. it's impossible to believe the claim that eleanor did not know that lucy was keeping him alive, and after fdr drive died. eleanor went to lucy and sent her an object. i think fdr had an extraordinary relationship with eleanor. obviously you shouldn't have. had that adulterous relationship during world war i. when that

of fdr's passing? or, did he see this as an opportunity to reestablish his greatness in the united kingdoms greatness? >>i don't think churchill in any way wanted to exploit the president's death. it's true he did not go to the funeral, but as you say, they were and are now i wonder how many times in human history has ever been a coalition of two leaders of that sort of level, who have so trusted and communicated with each other, after all is what i talked about tonight the great showdown, as evidence of the fact they did actually have it out i have reached advanced age myself, and finishing this book was sad you know this ill president made me think of mortality, so i prefer to think of churchill not coming to the united states because in some ways, he may not have been able to control his own emotions. which i find difficult enough. >> thank you very much nigel. [ clapping ] >> i said the incomparable nigel hamilton and he proved it like he always does. you know the drill by now, by the book by multi

fdr could only see loyalty in him. he started in 1939, roosevelt was certain to things, europe would erupt into work, keep the united states would end the war. he also realized that at some level, he would need a wartime -- hopkins was born in iowa, the fourth of five children. after graduating college, 1912, he moved to new york and took a job in the lower east and slums. we have progress for his succession social welfare, job development, reputation of someone who got the job done but never cheaply. this came during the great depression when roosevelt established a precursor of the new deal agency. the temporary emergency relief initiation $20 million which a long time ago was a lot of money. speed at which hopkins spent the $20 million impressed the similarly aggressive present. when roosevelt went to the white house, hopkins followed. placed in charge of the newly minted federal emergency administration hopkins did not -- the first $500 million he got. he would join roosevelt on trips and the potential yacht, even

fdr's final odyssey, d-day. using unpublished documents, he writes the famous account of world war ii strategy given by winston churchill in his memoirs. 75 years after detailing the we finally get to see close-up in dramatic detail who was responsible for rescuing and insisting upon the great american invasion in france in june of 1944. as fdr due date trial turns to personal tragedy we watch with heartbreaking compassion the course of the disease and how in the most as u.s. commander into use the dying president attempted at hawaii, quÉbec to prepare the united nation for a post world war order. now we know, even on his deathbed fdr was the worst great visionary. douglas brinkley said, were in peace is hitler's demise. and co-author of american war and peace, a stunning achievement. hamilton commands his talent as both a meticulous military history in the season biographer and the result is an intimate portrait of america's most consequential presidents. nigel hamilton is a best-selling and award-winning biog

under the marital arrangements, fdr -- there was a basket just outside fdr's room called the eleanor basket. their understanding was that if eleanor wrote a memo and stuck it into the basket asking franklin to do something, he would pay attention to that the very next day. he wouldn't always agree with her suggestions or see people she wanted him to see -- in fact, he om did that part of the time, but she had certainly access to him. >> at what point did the united states government or roosevelt administration become aware of the death camps in germany? in other words, were they aware denying these visas they were sending people to the camps. >> they weren't -- they were aware terrible things were happening in germany as early as 1938, 1939, and u.s. diplomats, consuls reported back that the likely consequence of german policy was the extermination of the jews. they didn't imagine it would take place in the way it did take place at the end with the actual construction of death camps. they thought more like sort of hunger or work camps like dachau, where the conditions were so terribl

president, fdr. >> i have a couple of reasons why i love fdr. you know what i'm saying? i feel like it's amazing because he became a president when america was in one of its worst times. and not only are you going through a depression, but you're also going through world war ii. so you're trying to fix the economy while you have to fund a war. it's just like -- i love him. he is my favorite. >> well, i want to be your favorite after i'm elected but we'll see. >> so cardi tweeted she was learning more about sanders' positions on the issues. and you know, when we were going to talk about cardi and politics, we have talked about a lot of fun, crazy cardi moments. i know a lot of people talk about the very different aspects of cardi b. a little crazy fun sometimes, now talking about politics. i think you cannot take away from her and the importance of her getting into politics and bringing the message to people who may not otherwise get that message. hats off to cardi. >> i think you have to take -- people like to say, oh, focus on the way it's said, or the messenger, but no

during the 82 days as vice president he meets with fdr twice .. and it doesn't get a single intelligence briefing or a single foreign leader he isn't briefed on the atomic bomb or right into the house. he's basically out of socializing. april 12, 1945 comey takes his last breath into truman inherits one of the most overwhelming portfolios of the crises of any president in history with less preparation than any president in history. he gets briefed on the manhattan project and has to figure out what he is going to do with the destructive weapon that may or may not work. work. stalin is reneging on promises from yalta. churchill is complex and doesn't know where the countries on the map he spent his first several days in the map room was really getting smarter on what's happening in the war. he has to deal with the reality that he might have to move a million men from the european theater to the theater there is a battle between the arm the ard the navy that threatens the entire effort and again in the first four months he makes the most important d

and president hoover during the 12 years of fdr was president. i infer from that that there wasn't. i would like you to comment on that in the my second part very quickly, is there any relationship between the long and somewhat tedious back and forth between fdr and hoover during the interregnum of 1933 which led to a shortening effect in 1937. >> iq. those are excellent questions. on the first., i think it's always dangerous to exert the negative. i cannot swear to you that they never met. i know of no meeting between the two of them. certain relationships between them were strained. again an echo of it into this in the book, publicly, roosevelt was very pleasant. if i'm not mistaken, often referred to him as brother hoover. but privately i think there was no love lost. i think the biggest thing you can.to there is hoover very much wanted to get back into the government's business. to back up a second. hoover not only was not bothered by the nazis in 1933, he reigned adamantly opposed to american involvement in the second world war even immediat

hoover warns fdr that haters will twist the truth and so fdr proves political spy -- approves political spying, resumption without congress approval. and they want to have every person fingerprinted in america that was the newest technology at the moment. when the aclu complains about groups that don't want to go to war in europe, they're trying to make sure the united states does not become involved in anything that is about to happen over there. fdr responds in writing that he sees nothing wrong with investigating groups that express and spread false information and teaching. noting his house had been boomed in 1919 and that may have colored his views of political dissidents. and in particular, he has the fbi investigate several senators and several prominent public figures, including charles lindberg, all of whom oppose any intervention in europe. hoover learns from this experience that he can curry favor and gain leverage by digging into any president's enemies, perceived enemies. for example, he never blackmails the kennedy brothers, but he does give robert kennedy, attorney genera

and fdr in 1936 the court was one of the greatest enemies. he did not make an issue of the court in the 36 presidential run. democrats even urged him to but they refused to do. they started to campaign against what they considered to be a liberal court. nixon tied his candidacy to the kind of justices he would appoint. so he sent i want to make a liberal appointment to the supreme court. this is normal today, donald trump 2016 put on the list of potential nominees that he would consider but in the 60s this was unheard of. to tie the presidential campaigns so closely to the type of justice you would select. and i found in the archives one of nixon's advisor said it does not make me happy to see this but nixon is convinced that's what voters want. nixon did not overtly support the opposition, he did not say sabotage this all give you the guy you want if i'm elected. but because he was attacking the court for the campaign that was implied, that was clear to everyone and pat buchanan was still around and became an explained privately nixon wanted

fdr did. and later he would tell william christian who worked for the state department under wilson it at that point was procommunist resigned by the state department so angry at russia for not supporting the bolshevik russia it becomes the first ambassador to the soviet union, got there and was so enamored with stalin he literally kissed him on the cheek. wind and it dined for after being there a few years he became one of the strongest best anti-communist in america and he begged hamburger you have got to understandwr i was wrong. these guys are really really bad. fdr said i believe if i give stalin everything he asked for and asked nothing in retur return, then he will work with me to build a world of democracy and peace. thatat is what fdr said. if i give him everything he asked for that he will work with me. chip bolin and said no. in no no. fdr was very naÏve about stalin now what could he have done to stop eastern europe? that's a better question. and the idea that penn goes all the wa

if you ask them about fdr, they love fdr or woodrow wilson. pete: but he has used all caps on twitter. mark require's very painful to watch. mark: this is part of the problem. when you look at the stretch of history in the media, half the american people give or take, the vast majority of republicans. i am not making this up. it's in the book. you can look at the research -- that does not trust the media. the vast majority of democrats do. that's fine. but that means you are playing to a political party. you are playing to an agenda. you couldn't tell me the difference between the democrat agenda and what you hear from chris cuomo or don lemon or a whole list of reporters, the same with msnbc. pete: you lay out on you clear it is how many executives and hosts took senior positions. it appears it's a two-way street back and forth. mark require's extraordinary. that's like the exception to the rule. the rule is you have dozens of democrats who served in the obama administration are now back in the media or vice versa. you have an enormous number

finally i want to highlight fdr and the jews by alan lichtman, a professor at american university. there are a lot of people who get the history wrong about franklin delano roosevelt in the nazi period in the 30s and world war ii about what he could do and what he didn't do. this book is a more sympathetic portrait of what franklin donor roosevelt was dealing with and what he tried to do. there were a lot of pressures, not in terms of anti-semitic pressures and he had to face head winds and was constantly trying to allow more refugees into the united states when nativism and nativist -- out of the entanglements led by doug but god's -- demagogues like charles lindbergh and when fdr was in the white house, had to contend with virulent anti-semitism. tried to resist that. and into the united states especially children. didn't always do it as forcefully as we would like in retrospect. this is a sympathetic portrait of his efforts and difficulties faced at the time and well done, a very sensitive one. that is my account. >> thank you for your time. >> we want to hear what you are readi

who, you know, radio wasn't invented by fdr. herbert hoover could have used it or calvin coolidge, but they didn't use the medium and fdr did with radio, and then i mentioned john f. kennedy started holding white house press conferences and just doing this trapeze act or just throwing questions and answering it on live tv, and then reagan learned how to perfect state of the unions and these like major speeches, and barack obama was the big deal about blackberry president. he had a blackberry. trump took twitter and ran with it, and we still haven't caught up with it because social media is a big phenomenon and donald trump sees the world as how many followers do i have, and he just is power -- he's interested in celebrities that have a lot of followers. if you're a congressperson or a state representative and don't have twitter followers, trump thinks you're a loser. and you know, but how long's twitter going to be the big deal? there's going to be something new coming up. it might be we have to find ways to restrain some social

i co-authored this book with my wife, it's called fdr goes to war. and this was in the 1940s, and we had a 100.6% tax proposed second i thought let's just see -- doesn't strike you? i have not seen any historian who would ever done that. and i thought i would like to know how the debate went on this tax. i discovered one congressman, many sellers, said this, from new york, the government at any time they can come taxes as something big as the necessities of war required. thus, if any plant is not raise enough money, taxis can income be increased. the government always has a moral if not an actual lien on all of our income. wow. senator chandler, senator chandler from kentucky, happy chandler from the state of kentucky, he said this. mr. president, all of us owe the government. we owe it for everything we have. and that is the basis of obligation, and the government can take everything we have if the government needs it. the government can assert its right to have all the taxes it needs for any purpose, either now or at any time in the future. in othe

so he experimented with television the same way fdr experimented with radio and this is on purpose. what robert montgomery talks about is that fdr was innovative and we need to pick up where he left off and take the presidency into the next chapter with television. and so there are a variety of different tactics that he introduces. and in 1954 there is the first televised cabinet meeting and this is available through the c- span archives and i would show you a clip but it is incredibly old and it is not as effective. he was reluctant to have a televised cabinet meeting, that his press secretary said this is a great opportunity and james hagerty said that television allows you to go to the people and go directly to them without them having to read slanted stories by the press. so the same way to use a new medium to bypass critical coverage in the press and allow eisenhower to connect directly to viewers. so he tries televised cabinet meeting, but the issue with that is that it was incredibly skrip did and as you can imagine they set up cameras and they had scripts that they were read

so he experimented with television the same way that fdr had experimented. again, this is on purpose. what robert mann company talked about is fdr was very innovative and we need to pick up where he left off and take the presidency into the next chapter with television so, a variety of tactics he introduces. so in 1954 there's a first televised cabinet meeting also available to the c-span archives . i would show you a clip but it shows how it's not effective. eisenhower was reluctant to have a televised cabinet meeting , but the press secretary said it's a great opportunity to, like radio before, james haggerty says that television allows you to go to the people and go directly to them without them having to read stories by the press. so, the same way using the same medium to bypass critical coverage in the press and allow eisenhower to correct -- connect directly to viewers. we tried the televised cabinet meeting but the issue with the meeting is that it was incredibly scripted. they set up cameras and people had scripts they were reading it was clear this

and so he experimented with television the same way that fdr had experimented with radio. and again, this is on purpose. what robert montgomery talk about in memos is fdr was very innovative and we need to pick up where he tleft off and take the presidency into the next chapter with television. te and so he has a variety of different tactics e that he introduces. in 1954, there's the first televised cabinet meeting. this is also available through the cspan archives. and i would show you a clip but it d is incredibly muddled and think that shows to how it is not as effective. eisenhower was really reluctant to anhave a televised cabinet meeting. but his press secretary said that this is a great opportunity to, like radio before, james haggerty his lo press secretary, says television allows you to go to people. quote, and go directly to them without them having to read slanted stories. so again, that same way as using a new medium to bypass critical coverage in the press and allow eisenhower to connect directly to viewers. so he tries this televised cabinet meeting but the i

myth number two fdr or frank and roosevelt with his new deal, huge government effectively to help get the united states out of the great depression. franklin roosevelt with his new deal used government effectively to help get the united states out of the great depression. how many of you had that talk to you in school? that's exact weight what i have taught to me. and over here, how many of you have that? that is the prominent teaching. there are sometimes variations that some professors will say well the new deal may not have completely got the south but it helped. it was a movement in the right direction and then other things came later to help more. the new deal was a step in the right direction and some will say it was really the whole way out of the great depression or some part of the great depression. capitalism failed, government through new deal programs is ready to come to the rescue. franklin roosevelt. when i was writing my look and i wrote the book new deal or a raw deal. in writing that book i spent a lot of time, about 10 years writing it the longest time i ever spent w

and fdr are now. you hear people asking questions and they want to know who else was involved in epstein's crimes or even just activities. i guess that will be revealed in time. bill: the president said this on friday at the white house. >> i think i have influence over the senate and the house. i think we can get something really good done. i think we can have some really meaningful back rent checks. bill: the first part about that, where he says i've greater influence over the house and senate. what is his plan to influence and use the influence? >> the president has been actively talking to republicans or democrats on the matter of background check's and being able to have meaningful usual reforms that don't confiscate law-abiding citizens, firearms without due process. at the same time keep the firearms out of people who have violence. when the president signed into law in 2018 that was a big deal because it would've prevented the stronger background checks in the federal estate 40s would've preve

part of that involves fdr himself. he was instrumental in creating the uso and part of the rationale for the uso was military men had to have civilian influences. the public in world war ii was very concerned about long-term deployment. nobody knew how long it was going to be in there was a lot of public concern about very long deployment and what effects that has on men who are away from civilian influences and away from women. that was a very real concern for military officials, what will we do for these men who have been around only men for who knows how long and how would they come back home and reintegrate into society? >> the red cross picked up with the ymca and salvation army left off and they established 1000 clubs and all the theaters and they created about 319 club mobiles to drive around and provide. in the uso provided recreation. that is a tradition that continues today. women who are to go to work. there to provide the men in image of something to fight for and bolster their sense of manhood but not too

hostedpular entertainer a popular national radio and tv show and a good friend of fdr. >> we could call it the march of dimes. >> we could ask the people to send their times directly to the president of the u.s. >> good evening, ladies and gents. bringing you the hour. i would like to speak with you regarding an important message. the march of dimes will allow you even the children to show our president we are with him. >> two days after this radio address, the white house reported a modest increase in volume. two days after that, the roof fell in. 5000, 30000 and then 150,000 letters. >> the united states government could not clear enough dimes. >> the basic strategy remain the same. >> giving millions of ordinary people a stake in the crusade. by the 1950's, polio was one of the serious communicable diseases among children in the u.s. 50,000 alone, nearly children contracted this disease. thousands were paralyzed and 3000 died. >> the combination of a national leader having a personally's variance with polio and american public motivated by fear paid for this. >> the march of dimes di

fdr's final odyssey, d-day. using unpublished documents, he writes the famous account of world war ii strategy given by winston churchill in his memoirs. 75 years after detailing the we finally get to see close-up in dramatic detail who was responsible for rescuing and insisting upon the great american invasion in france in june

he allowed perhaps even though they get along with each other well, fdr probably respected wheeler. i think that was the case. one more thing, he was mildly critical of mansfield. he said he didn't think mansfield was a very strong leader in the u.s. senate. he said what's the point of holding an important public office if you don't stand up strongly for the things you personally believe in. i had indicated to him i was kind of interested in getting interest politics. he emphasized to me, there's no point in doing it if all you're trying to do is get re-elected. if you're going to do it, people give you an opportunity to help make policy, follow your best judgment and do it. >> stand for something. yeah. you mentioned a couple of things there i'll touch on briefly. in 1927, senator and mrs. wheeler, and i believe their three older children made this incredible trip to the orient. they went to philippines, japan, korea, china. this is a time when, you know, the senate was out of session for months on end, so members could travel extensively. unlike a lot of other people in this perio

but fdr felt there was more to be gained by getting macarthur out of their. for the select members of the staff and he goes to australia, says i shall return to the philippines. he will think in terms of building up an army to go back to the philippines is almost an article of faith, almost a messy commission. he will claim when he gets to australia that he would leave under the pretense he felt there was a reinforcement waiting in australia and he would immediately go back having been gone only a couple of weeks. i personally feel that is a little impetuous as that could possibly be the case that is what he would often claimed. before he left, he accepted half a million dollar payment from the treasury that also wasn't known at the time. personal money to him while on active duty and the staff as well, that is about $8 million. needless to say the average american didn't know that. for the person who left behind video is the lieutenant general who was born to be a soldier, the son of a calgary and, had been the first captain since west point class of 06, rem

i am an old fdr democrat. i love the idea of us going into rural america, and i think we can transform the map. >> the president was critical of the military exercises with america and south korea. what are the benefits of those exercises are today? is that something you are willing to give up for peace with north korea? rep. ryan: i hate to jump in. i've been in congress for 17 years. for a lot of those years i have , been on either the armed services committee or defense appropriations committee. i know enough to not jump into a donald trump tweet about a crazy idea he has. and somehow act like that is american policy moving forward. i will just say that north korea is a threat. china is moving into the south china sea in a big way. we see the problems they're having in hong kong and taiwan and other areas. there is a lot of stuff going on. they are moving out and showing a lot of force. we have got to make sure we have some balance and friends in the region. that includes military exercises. not just with s

then we can build that fdr they should, because i will. then we can build that fdr national copyright cable satellite corp 2019] >> besides thank you you all for coming out on a summer evening, you a little bit about the series, which we plan o keep running right through until our primary, believe it or not, there are many months still a little bit of time ahead and i want to thank the organizations who have this forum put together. in fact, most of them are represented here tonight. roger nunnen from the new england farmers union is in the back here. we belong to rogers farm, csa. michelle from new hampshire business -- thank you, lucas are you here? yep. from new hampshire young democrats. podcast the wesome other night. he went to a trump ramally and about it.t >> so thank you all. n addition to helping put the forum together, these fellow nonprofits and activists have questions the together that we're going to be putting to the various candidates. ow, tonight, of course, we'll be speaking with two candidates, and i'll explain the progr

then we can build that fdr they should, because i will. then we can build that fdr national copyright cable satellite corp 2019] >> besides thank you you all for coming out on a summer evening, you a little bit about the series, which we plan o keep running right through until our primary, believe it or not, there are many months still a little bit of time ahead and i want to thank the organizations who have this forum put together. in fact, most of them are >> we want to welcome you all to stoneyfield. in particular, besides thanking you all for coming out on a summer evening, i want to tell you a little bit about the series, which we plan to keep running right through until our primary, believe it or not, there are many months still to go here so a little bit of time ahead and i want to thank the organizations who have helped to us put this forum together. in fact, most of them are represented here tonight. roger noonan from the new england farmers union is in the back here. also, we belong to rogers farm, our csa. michelle from new hamp

the beautiful baritone voice and the accent that ordinary americans would become familiar with from fdr fireside chat. certainly no signs of him slowing down. feeling as i did 50 years ago except i am much happier he told the american diplomat louis einstein one of his considerably younger friends. he bounded up the stairs to his study to at a time and begin each day with a bracing cold bath the practice he carried on through age 88 when he finally gave it up for a warmer bath at that time. with the mental and physical vigor in the extraordinary embodiment and as a union officer in the civil war he barely escaped death at antietam when musket balls tore through his chest and neck meese missing his heart and his spine and carotid artery. pnc lincoln dodge enemy fire in the raid on washington as a boy he knew ralph waldo emerson is a family friend and remember a summer neighbor as a gruff and taciturn man traveling europe after the war and the father of virginia woolf and then became friends with henry james and brother william to become respectfully the novelist and philosopher of their

so he redeemed goldman and wall street in the eyes of fdr and the country in a way. by getting his friend, that he invested with and that invested with him to basically support the incoming president and his other writing on the t lease. that kind of thing has continued throughout time since. there's a tremendous of interlocking board memberships between institutions. and also a vast percentage of people in congress on stocks in companies. it doesn't take a lot of scientist to figure out how they related to policy. that those very, as people might be promoting. so that still happens. >> phil, portland, oregon. please go ahead with your question or comment for nomi prins. >> thank you c-span for taking my call. where to begin after all you said been . can the president get the 10 percent to pay the fare share tax? to reconstruct america's infrastructure? the mercer's, produce, waltons, they all laugh in america's face. americans like you and me that try to keep as much money as they can. can a president get 10 percent from the wealthy without creating a civil war in t

sometimes it will be lincoln, sometimes it will be washington, sometimes it's fdr. the interesting thing about this is we do not know what george really looked like. we have images of lincoln, photographed images and you can see how he changed, aged, and of course we have images of fdr. we even have images and generally the press did not take images of him in his wheelchair. with george washington he was there before photography. what we have instead is artist representation. they are not always very accurate. you look at some representation of abstract art. does it really look like a tube? maybe not. george washington, we've spent the better part of for teen weeks addressing him, talking about him. we know he's a famous man and a commander of the continental army. we knew he served in the continental congress for a short amount of time before accepting command. it will subsequently allow me to be president and a famous man in our history but he's also a man who had faults, a man who had insecurity, a man who had vices. a man who was a human being like all of us and

i think it would have been much more difficult for fdr with his polio to be a successful pr president in the 1950s because his campaign and staff is alwayt doing everything they could to but down his physical ailment. but instead with television, wih it's much easier to use the personality that roosevelt used to appeal to the people and later candidates and kennedy and reagan use different backgrounds than, say, the party politics th that truman or mckinley or any of the antebellum presidents th came out of. and that's the biggest change that television creates on the presidency. >> excellent. yes.s. itch challenges party structure. and allows for those people who can command media attention to not have to negotiate and wheel and deal behinde the scenes to gain power and privilege within the party but to go to the to public. and this doesthe pu set up very what comes next on thursday, which is the 1960 election when john f. kennedy does exactly that. brent?what >> sorry about the delay. what i was going to say is, also on the oppositete side of that, asas kell kelly mentioned in their

fdr. my fifth cousin by blood and my uncle by law. in fact he said it at the very trial that had aprons have written about in this extraordinary book about very little known episode and theodore roosevelt's life in the twilight of his life. it's an extraordinary legal episode in defense against a charge of bible that was argued here in new york state. so dan, welcome. soon i think you. >> it's always an honor to be interviewed by you and always intimidating. the fact a little better though that we are not talking about lincoln. then i would be in fear. >> have no fear. i think it's going to be considered new by everybody to who we meet. start with the obvious. why this book and why this case? >> so in the context of working on the lincoln book, if lincoln book in his last trial, we use this transcript, the only transcripts that exist. not for nine months before he got the republican nomination. david fisher, my co-author had brought me this and said fascinating transcript out there only discovered in 1989, no one is written about it.

no surprise a rapper loves fdr. we all remember the famous rap battle of the bulge when roosevelt defeated m.c. hitler. (laughter) yeah, sure, sure, why not. very few people know that. >> jon: yeah. >> stephen: very few people know that. >> jon: don't hurt him. too legit to quit. >> stephen: please hitler, don't hurt him. the video is not out yet but cardi b posted this photo of the two hanging out in a high end nail salon. >> cardi, i want you to know i believe in mani pedi care for all. >> stephen: sometimes-- (applause) sometimes all the political stories are so upsetting as they are frequently, jon, as you know, it can be disspiritting sometimes to be out here talking about all the crazy things going on. sometimes you have to talk about something else in the news. unfortunately that is jeffrey epstein. and we just learned that the alleged sexual predator and alleged multimillionare apparently had an interest in cryonics. and told people that he wanted his head and penis to be frozen. you know what, if jeffrey ep

war department steps in, gives federal backing and manages it until 1830 31 theident fdr just a month,eld, six weeks after the fight is talking about preserving the battlefield. there could be no more fitting . this is an historic photographs. we are standing on the union lines, looking west toward seminary ridge. they purchase over 500 acres of land. they preserve is lines on the union army. they don't do well in preserving .and along seminary ridge confederate battle ends -- battle lines. the firstalso oversee monuments and memorials in the battlefield. this is a cool photograph. you can recognize the monument, rights? background, you can see some of the early entrenchment of jim crow. the war department steps in and preserves five civil war battlefields. shiloh in 1894. ontysburg becomes preserved february 11, and i bet you know the individual who spearheads the legislation to make gettysburg national military park. that's right. the iconic union victory becomes a place where union veterans and .onfederate veterans can meet you have seen some of these historic photographs before. y

so what we have, harry hopkins was one of the leaders on the relief act, was one of fdr's people in his ministration was helping to distribute the money and they would be careful to distribute the money to the people who they thought were politically most worthy of receiving it. now, boston is caught in a bind and it's part of my research in the book, i was trying to deal with how massachusetts was dealing with this. listen to this. massachusetts constantly worked to raise money because now massachusetts has to feed its own unemployed, plus it has to send taxesto washington to feed illinois . listen to this. in massachusetts, a statewide unemployment drive raised over $3 million. by the way, that in today's money would be morelike $50 million . the boston civic symphony gave concerts to benefit the jobless. boston college and holy cross laid an exhibition football game for charity, benefit wrestling match at boston gardens, supplied $5000 for local need. that would be close to 200,000 today. city officials helped they are currently boston raise a remarkable $2.5 million as gifts from ci

it's almost like the fdr with the new deal. we have a new fdr. he's being bold with his ideas. no other candidate is being this bold. president trump is going to hit trillion dollar deficit. president clinton had a zero deficit. maybe we do need a democrat with these bold, aggressive ideas to get us back to those lower numbers. >> charles: what lower numbers? speak with the deficit. this is going to pay for -- >> charles: $16 trillion? how does he raise that kind of money? >> 16 trillion, it's going to pay for itself over 15 years. training, jobs. he says it's going to get unions together and get both sides together because were going to have new jobs, more training. it's a win-win situation. more infrastructure, more opportunities for work. buildings are going to get stronger. if you don't care about the climate -- you can't be against this green new deal. how can you be against it? >> charles: here's the thing that bothers me. ironically, bernie sanders admitted as much that this is a global issue. if you believed in this hook, line, and sinker, you still would have to acknow

that's with an "s," brains trust as fdr did. okay, fdr recruited intellectuals to give advice about policy. and ike was not really inclined in that direction, although he would listen to economists and try to understand. he was converted to some extent to a view of the economy. so in that regard he was worth it to people. but generally, no, that was not part of his personality. >> just getting back to the 1960s. president kennedy ended up taking responsibility for the bay of pigs. he's such a great military strategist, did that sort of disappoint ike? what was your understanding of ike's position in the bay of pigs and helping planning and getting it going? >> well, he never i think would have launched the bay of pigs in the way it was launched. you remember d-day was done with overwhelming power concentrated. concentrated overwhelming to the point where he attacked. so i think he was -- he was skeptical of it as he was skeptical of the french in vietnam. he was skeptical of their ability, and he was skeptical of our ability to