in 1862, he transfers into the shenandoah valley department in that region. he will take part in the gettysburg campaign, and by 1864, he was helping as commander in western virginia. mccausland graduated from virginia military institute in 1857. the following year he graduated from the university of virginia, then returns to vmi, where he taught. he witnesses john brown's hanging. he will be at for donaldson in the civil war, and in the new market campaign, he will take command after jenkins is killed. mccausland is often remember for his role in the burning of chambersburg, pennsylvania. later in 1864. now, what happens with the union cavalry raid? they will threaten railroads and tie up confederate troops and want to destroy vital supplies. this is almost a microcosm of grant's strategy, happening on a very small scale. they will be targeting places like saltville, where salt is produced, where lead is mined, and the and tennessee railroad, that vital link. it starts off on may 2, george crook leaves and takes the second infantry division with him. he send

taken to the hills and the hamlets of shenandoah valley without paroles. his announcement on april 10, offering the same terms as those given on appomattox, had already convinced at least 35 meant by april 14 to come turn themselves in at winchester. they were go into the town of winchester where they went seek out the marshall and sign their individual parole. but the possibility of assassins heightened the sense of urgency. hancock is riding back and forth, and hallock say do not let anyone into your lines, and he said wait, we have to parole all of these men. we have to encourage them to come in, and he had reports that some of them would come in, so are these men are going to continue to seek out paroles? what and cut does as he is waiting for a response from hallock, although i am not sure he cares what hallock had to say, now instead of just reporting the names of the individuals, the company, and the regiment, and i wish you could see this better. here is a scanned version, slightly darker, we look at the paroles that take place in the valley. he co

he thought the shenandoah valley was going to become uninhabitable. he says that over and over again. our next frontier -- blue ridge mountains. his harshness you can maybe understand some of his harshness. that was the key to it. discipline. he had two books that he used. the dictionary. you see him looking up words and then the issue of discipline. moreover, this is jim moyer's great map. to use this map properly you have got to go to the french and indian war website. this is an interactive map and it shows all of the various places that activities took place during the french and indian war. if you look carefully, you can kind of see route 50. the south branch of the potomac river. the great wagon road. this is a fabulous map that jim has done and you need to take a look at this. in addition to being in winchester, he had outlying forts like fort edwards on the cacapon river and in the spring of 1756, there was a bloody encounter there that is to say that indians led by young french officers were penetrating this close to winchester in the spring

valley and had a strategic importance behind the small number in parsons -- of forces engaged. a professor talks about the 1981 trial and conviction of jean harris, who is accused of murdering the scarsdale diet doctor. televisedastern, a oval office address from november 3, 1969. president nixon delivers what is called his silent majority speech. he contrasted the majority with what he argued is a vocal minority and anti-vietnam protesters. eastern, historian alan mcpherson on his book ghosts of sheridan circle. visit the washington, d.c. location where 1976 car how i washington assassination t'sught in a shea -- pinoche terror to justice. that is what is coming up here on american history tv.

this is talking about movement from richmond west towards the shenandoah valley. i was off to said word that it would be adequate and if possible strike a decisive blow. at the same time general early and the enemy retreated down the valley to and as opportunity offered to follow him to marilyn. it was believed that the valley taken from the president of the enemy. general grant would feel the need to weaken himself so much for their protection with the opportunity to attack him or that he might be the objectives were to remove the operating mission, threaten the north, if possible, and to weaken grant's sieges. all that does happen to her in the campaign. you will see. -- all that does happen during the campaign. you will see what i mean. towards lynchburg, he will ride a few minutes later, and his movement will in many ways shock the union army under hunter in the valley and they will vacate the valley. hunter does not retreat through the valley. he heads west towards west virginia. so, in one of his earliest tasks, you have the army in west virginia under david

should he go after robert e lee's army, which retreated down to the shenandoah valley? instead, he does a flanking move , to the east to fredericksburg, where is that he is hoping to get around the confederates. meade is going to try the same thing at mine run. he wants to get around the confederates. just as ambrose burnside had problems, sodas meade. you might recall, burnside does get around robert e lee and get you fredericksburg. something no one else has been able to do up to this point. he gets to the banks of the rappahannock river and he knew he needed to get across the river and he called ahead for pontoons and nobody at headquarters thought that was important. it takes a while for the pontoons to arrive and burnside has to wait before he is able to get across. meade has similar problems. he is trying to get across the river. he knows he has to get across, he has a large army that has to get across. he splits them into three wings. just before the start of the campaign, there is a downpour that delays the start of the campaign. it turns the roads to mud. it's

valley, and had a -- had a strategic -- this talk was part of a symposium on far gotten -- unforgotten battles of the civil war. pleasure to introduce sarah k bierly. sarah is the managing editor at the civil war and conference correlator for gazette 665. she has spent the last few years exploring ways to share quality historic research in ways that will inform and inspire audiences. young age and through the year she has helped prepare stood -- prepare