the war in vietnam. one of the reasons for the deep division about vietnam is that many americans have lost confidence in what their government has told him about our policy. the american people cannot and should not be asked to support a policy which involves the overall issues of war and peace unless they know the truth about that policy. tonight, i would like to answer some of the questions that i know are on the minds of many of you listening to me. how and why did america get involved in vietnam in the first place? how has this administration changed the policy of the previous administration? what has really happened in the negotiations in paris and on the battlefront in vietnam? what choices do we have if we were to end the war? what are the prospects for peace? let me begin by describing the situation i found when i was inaugurated on january 20th. the war had been going on for four years. 31,000 americans have been killed in action. the training program for the south vietnamese was beyond schedul

the vietnamization plan was launched following secretary laird's visit to vietnam in march. under the plan, i ordered first a substantial increase in the training and equipment of south vietnamese forces. in july, on my visit to vietnam, i changed general abrams'orders so that they were consistent with the objectives of our new policies. under the new orders, the primary mission of our troops is to enable the south vietnamese forces to assume the full responsibility for the security of south vietnam. our air operations have been reduced by over 20 percent. and now we have begun to see the results of this long overdue change in american policy in vietnam. after 5 years of americans going into vietnam, we are finally bringing american men home. by december 15, over 60,000 men will have been withdrawn from south vietnam, including 20 percent of all of our combat forces. the south vietnamese have continued to gain in strength. as a result they have been able to take over combat responsibilities from our american troops. two other significant developments have occurred since this

was in vietnam. he said 70% to avoid a humiliating defeat. 20% to keep the south vietnamese territory out of chinese hands. and 10% to permit the people of south vietnam to enjoy a better, for your way of life. kind of different from the messages we received during that. of period of time. and another book, marilyn young also describes how little most americans in and out of the corridors of power really new about vietnam itself. there was little scholarly attention given to the vietnamese history. the third scholar, dr. christian happy. he teaches at the university of massachusetts. he is the author of a number of books on the vietnam war. the most recent book american reckoning "american reckoning, " that the vietnam war's shattered the tenant of american national identity. meaning, the broad faith that the u.s. is a unique force for good in the world, that the u.s. is superior, not only in its military and economic power, but in the quality of its government and institutions. he further rights wri

troops from vietnam. ♪ pres. nixon: i would be untrue to my oath of office if i allowed the policy of this nation to be dictated by the minority who hold that point of view, and to try to impose it on the nation by mounting demonstrations in the streets. for almost 200 years, the policy of this nation has been made under our constitution. by those leaders in the congress and the white house elected by all people. if a vocal minority, however fervent its cause, prevails over reason and the majority, this nation has no future as a free society. now, i would like to address a word, if i may, to the young people of this nation who are particularly concerned, and i understand why they are concerned about this war. i respect your idealism. i share your concern for peace. i want peace as much as you do. >> public reaction to the address was prompt, and some regarded as the silent majority broke their silence. the white house reported the president received thousands of telegrams, of which 90% endorsed his statements. ma

vietnam. johnson had escalated the war, but now with the death toll soaring, with protests and riots tearing the nation apart, president johnson had staked his legacy on getting america out of vietnam. >> i told all of you the other day -- >> johnson is talking to nixon, basically saying, i know that you're interfering with my diplomacy, and i think it's about as low as you can get. and nixon lies and denies that he's doing it. >> you just see that your people don't tell the south jet streamese -- vietnamese are going to get any better deal. >> your people. that's how he puts it to nixon. your people are messing things up. in other calls, johnson didn't hesitate to give nixon's people a name. >> mrs. chennault. >> mrs. chennault, anna, a woman known to power brokers across asia and in washington, d.c. as the steel butterfly. >> the number one flying tiger and his chinese bride, darryl claire s the general made second world war history and legend as commander of sky battles in china. >> anna ch

troops from vietnam. nixon the demonstrations are harmful to the attainment of peace, most agree that americans do have a right to demonstrate. president nixon, in his address referred to demonstrators and others who want quick withdrawal of u.s. troops from vietnam. >> i would be untrue to my oath of office if i allowed the policy of this nation to be dictated by the minority who hold that point of view and to try to impose it on the nation by mounting demonstrations. for almost 200 years, the policy of this nation has been made under our constitution. by those leaders and congress and the white house selected by all the people, if a vocal minority, however fervent its cause, prepares prevails over reason and the majority, this nation has no future as a free society. i would like to address a word to the young people of this nation who are particularly concerned, and i understand why they are concerned, about this for war. i respect your idealism. i share your concern for peace. i want peace as much as y

can we have a viable foreign policy if the year from now north vietnam gobbles up south vietnam? >> we can have a viable foreign policy if it looks that way. so we've got to find some formula that holds the thing together a year or two after which after a year, mr. president, vietnam will be a back water. >> we're veterans of vietnam and we're telling the american people that the war is wrong. who do you believe? the veterans of vietnam or tricky dick? >> it really burns me up. we have no pride anymore. there's a credibility about us. they don't believe us. there's a lack of confidence. if we start, you know, catering to these bastards, they would eat us alive. >> each day to facilitate the process by which the united states washes her hands of vietnam, someone has to die so that president nixon won't be -- and these are his words -- the first president to lose a war. >> this fellow kerry, hell, he turns out to be really a phony. >> he is sort of a phony, isn't he? >> i realize in this room there are many reporters who disagree with my policy to bring the war to an end in the way

look at who was the rising part in southeast asia, without question that is vietnam and vietnam would be the asean chairman next year. they are leading the region, leading the loan fight in terms of drawing the line in southeast asia. you see clearly in vietnam and in the philippines, japan is wanted in terms of infrastructure development. it's also injured. drupal talk about this. he is interesting truth about this issue. the role of india and also australian in the region is underestimate people of the efforts of countries in terms of providing alternative avenues for racing infrastructure capital for development projects, if you look at australia helping the philippines encounters ended with isis threat, a lot of things are happening which are not appreciative enough and that leads are experts on the ground. the third thing is this. a lot of people underestimate the struggle for autonomy strategic of smaller countries. i'll take issue with the word small. indonesia is 270 million people asked that i checked. it's almost a concise in terms of demographics, and in turn the gdp indone

nor is free and mom we see on the north that is where north vietnam's military equipment comes from, all of it, they manufacture nothing and so here through the port or through real networks, basically the biggest going up towards the northeast in the second line and rolling thunder the chinese had deployed about 300,000 road workers and anti aircraft crew man to support a north vietnam during that period, during that period they anticipated the campaign law line and had more road work done but to isolate north vietnam would have to start with closing the border in shutting down the transportation routes. law they they came down from there was high technology material that the north vietnamese needed, that the aircraft in service tear missile batteries ed, the chinese to to provide a complementary type of support to the north vietnamese uniforms, small arms infantry weapons, that kind of big. any questions on the general lay out here? >> law okay i think we all have that. carine when so this is a fairly complicated story, so we certainly with him coming into office, at the moment tha

vietnam is not. that changes the dynamic. when the code of arbitration ruling was made, it was interesting to observe the different reactions of different countries. there was a debate as to how to respond to it. it was discouraging to see australia, japan, and the united states took from our statements than vietnam. i think the philippines was slightly different in the context. it made it hard for countries like indiat o say how can we be -- village of the under illusions that others will fight their bat tles for them. that said, there is a lot that all of these countries can do to support each other short of that. one thing is sharing information amongst each other or day-to-day intelligence sharing on pertinent issues. the second is improving interoperability, increasing habits of cooperation amongst militaries. the third is capacity building. we know both economic and philippines have a shortage of capable vessels to undertake some of the operations they would like to do. you see india is providing some countries in the r

vietnam,urse, malaysia. all the states involved in that area. >> that is a lot of questions. >> there is a question i want to ask about geopolitics. because it's more than just trade.nd it is geopolitics. where do you see the i.t., the digital, and the space in vietnam in countering china. >> the specific question on what the u.s. can do, then we will invite others to do geopolitics. >> the cptpp is welcome. because on the surface, we say we can include china, but this tpp excludes china. china's market is very big, and we need our own big market to deal with china. this means tpp is an effective way. so if possible, japan wants to include the united states. because the united states is a most important part of this economy. >> thank you, nago-san. what can the u.s. do? >> >> maybe we can do another talk. [laughter] that is a complicated question. >> give me a couple things the u.s. can do. >> we are seeing are vietnamese friends very profitable. the u.s. had what is called this impossible trinity position,

both have already completed training as nurses in their home country of vietnam. nevertheless much is new to them. as i had during my training in vietnam i gave injections are put in drips but washing patients or giving them food was done by other workers. in germany the nurses to perform these tasks therefore trainees from vietnam have to complete the full 3 year training program once again. well. like i said come off. the student nurses are prepared for the german system as part of the training program in their home country still it's not easy for the 2 women. was that it got us i guess it's a very different dialect to the one that i've learned. there are many words i don't know and i'm just learning how i'm a phony how should i have a lot of doc accomplished at the beginning stressed reversed guide to. $300.00 vietnamese trainees have come to germany under the economics ministry scheme to be at me as apprentices are welcome after all they bring a lot of experience with them. but it challenges the mentality words like yes and no don't have the same meaning in vi

s in vietnam, iraq, and afghanistan. then, the fall of the berlin wall. speaks atident trump a veterans day ceremony on parade in new york city. ♪ thank you very much, stanley, and thank you for your tremendous support of this wonderful parade. today, we come together as one nation to salute the veterans of the united states armed forces, the greatest warriors to ever walk the face of the earth. our veterans risked everything for us. now, it is our duty to serve and protect them every single day of our lives. it is truly an honor to come back to new york city right here at madison square park to be the first president ever to attend america's parade. [cheers and applause] pres. trump: to every veteran with us, to the thousands fifthing to march on avenue, it will be something, and to the 18 million veterans across our country, the first lady and i have come to express the everlasting love and loyalty of 327 million americans. i want to recognize the department of veterans affairs deputy secretary james byrne for joining us. thank you, james. thank you,

but it challenges the mentality words like yes and no don't have the same meaning in vietnam as they do in germany. it's not to me this is to some extent problematic in terms of the manuals because when there are work assignments and the question is asked do you understand the vietnamese trainees are likely to say yes because they understood the meaning but perhaps not the content of the question this was the start home of . guns to know coworkers have adjusted to this after all there are workers from over 40 nations in the clinic. as you have want us and the ones here in the nurses station we have hungary ems we have people from bosnia we have macedonians we have one person from syria so it's very varied and colorful here at the nurses' station here because that's once we get. currently the last batch of the program is finishing up the 1st year of training in future clinics will have to arrange the employment of vietnamese workers themselves. the most wonderful time of the year is approaching fast time for cheer and presents under the tree now some people receive puppies as christma

personnel from vietnam. this is business. as welcome asian stock markets got off to a shaky start today as concerns mount that tensions over hong kong may get in the way of a u.s. china trade deal u.s. president donald trump on wednesday signed into law legislation backing pro-democracy protesters in hong kong it requires the u.s. state department to monitor hong kong's autonomy to justify favorable u.s. trading terms and also threaten sanctions for human rights violations china's foreign ministry hit back one of unspecified firm countermeasures that put a lid on a week of gains for asia pacific says. it's thanksgiving day in the united states but it's the protesters in hong kong that finally has something to be thankful about long sought after support for their pro-democracy movement finally came from washington a new law requires that hong kong must remain autonomous to receive favorable trade status which is help the city become a financial center the chinese government was quick to condemn the u.s. legislation and is thre

futurested that for the political fate of vietnam to north and south vietnam. we weren't going to overturn the saigon government as we left, which is what they demanded until a month before our presidential election and they saw nixon was going to get reelected and there were going to be four more years of this madman, and so there better be a deal. they caved in and gave us a military settlement. this exceeded the expectations of critics who thought we would have a coalition government as well as withdrawal and a coalition government was the first step towards collapse of a communist take over. we held out against that and we managed to beat the vietnamese at their game. however that was never possible before that. we outlined as early as the nixon speech in 1970 and we gave a specific seven-point proposal may 1971lped draft in -- they said, you cannot just leave. we couldn't even get our president back. the first argument we could have had was absolute nonsense. second argument, people can disagree on. this is after all collapse and , people can say we should

the other bodies are expected to be returned to vietnam this weekend. our home affairs correspondent daniel sandford reports. a single drum sounded as two young cousins were laid to rest in a cemetery in rural vietnam. nguyen van hung was 33, hoang van tiep just 18. they died together in the back of a lorry trailer crossing the english channel to britain. hoang van tiep's grieving father says he is now glad his son is home. in all, 39 people died in the trailer. the first 16 bodies were flown back yesterday, and driven out to their villages in vietnam's poorer provinces. the cousins' funeral was the first. the priest using it to warn young people of the dangers of leaving their homeland to seek greater wealth overseas. in the village of dien thinh, it was the largest funeral anyone can remember. for two young cousins, who'd left with high hopes, but died locked in the back of a trailer in a way that nobody wants to imagine. daniel sandford, bbc news. security forces in iraq have killed at least 26 anti—government protesters in the city of nasiriya. do

but reagan needs to leave the vietnam era without having been coated with vietnam. he escapes vietnam and watergate, he escapes the two traumatic moments and emerges dry. he is not in a quagmire. he makes a pivot onto vietnam and makes an attempt to move america into a post-vietnam period. this cartoon, i see the shadow of vietnam in the background of several of the reagan cartoons. >> one of the great frustrations of his acting career is he was not able to get the parts that went to john wayne or gary cooper. the heroic western parts. i think one of the satisfactions of his political career was that he did get to play those parts as a leader first in the conservative republican party and as a candidate for president and finally asked president. -- as president. >> one thing cartoonist are seldom credited with is graciousness and i think this is a very gracious farewell to reagan by the end of his term. he was able to claim a great deal of success in terms of prosperity and in terms of peace. there are many people who were worried when he took office that he would b

had half the names that you now see on the vietnam memorial. the war went on and we see now that all of that loss-of-life occurred. general.r in i could reconcile with myself saying that we at least learned a lesson that we will not repeat. some years later we have the war in iraq. i remember colin powell and other vietnam veterans were not as eager to go to erect as those who did not serve -- go to erect -- -- go to iraq as those did not serve. we ended up in another vietnam situation and we are still living with that disaster around the middle east that we see today. this is one of those generational differences that holds up because somehow the same mistakes keep getting made in washington. host: if you had to send a message to the younger people? i remember advice my grandmother gave me after i finished high school and was starting college and she said just prepare yourself because some days the doors of opportunity are going to open up and you want to be able to step inside. that was a common saying among a lot of black folks who were coll

in 1971.r vietnam it was a rare case. i joined the army, the national the basicd all training and all of that than i had to get out of the army to go to the war. they didn't do weekend meetings in saigon so luckily, i worked for a general who worked that out. . went to vietnam it was important for me to go. i couldn't be sitting here with you today making some excuse about why i didn't do it. four of my high school weremates from oregon killed in vietnam. i was the class photographer. i did the annual, the newspaper. these were guys i knew. i want to go see for myself what took them away and i wanted to upon people that came from decisions made by folks sitting halfway around the world. manley, i wanted to cover the story. since the first day at a to the camera, it has been admission of me to do that. these were all photos, briefly i wanted pulitzer prize for photographs that i took -- i won the pulitzer prize for photographs i took in cambodia, muhammadkistan and the ali frazier fight. this suggests also you were in dang

inerved two years in vietnam the first thing i would like to say is to my fellow vietnam veterans, welcome home. and i know it was -- you haven't had an easy go of it. best, as far as your guest host there, i have a couple of comments i would like to make if that's all right. in 1979, i received my disability, i started pretty soon after i got out of the service. and i kept ons going to the v.a., our local , upital for many years until the 1990's and then i got andll from agent orange diabetes and just a whole range of medical problems. program and a that's where i could pick a iivate doctor in my area and had him for 20 years, the best doctor ever had in my entire life, he was also a vietnam veteran, was the colonel in eve that over in vietnam, so we had a pretty cool connection and he did a lot of stuff the doctors do. hisnor surgery room in clinic and he did some minor surgery on me, he gave me mythly phlebotomies because account stopped -- host: do you think it worked to be able to access the private doctor? is that the point? host: i'm almost there. i won't take up too much time. this

we are also pleased to be joined by veterans of the korean war, the vietnam war, the gulf war, and the war on terror. you are the reason our hearts swell with pride, our foes tremble with fear, and our nation thrives. would you please stand, so that we can honor your your heroic service, please? [applause] pres. trump: thank you very much. thank you. thank you all. each year, this parade highlights one branch of our military. this year, we honor the elite masters of air, land, and sea. the legendary leathernecks, the feared devil dogs, the first to fly, the united states marines. let's hear it. [cheers and applause] pres. trump: that's good. yesterday, we celebrated the marines' 244th birthday. that's pretty good. the few and the proud are always faithful, and they always win. i also want to thank the marine corps law enforcement foundation, which provides scholarships to children of our fallen heroes. to every gold star family, we will stand by your side forever. it is very fitting that the veterans' day parade begins right here in new york city. since the earliest days of our nation,

in vietnam andd desert storm. i am a disabled veteran. has a book of benefits that is four inches thick. issued -- i have one right in front of me, federal benefit program for veterans and survivors. it is only 1/8 of an inch thick. in the past 30 years, i have applied for every single benefit that is inside that book. bound -- downed by every single one of them. they're not interesting helping myself or all the other veterans. have allthat they these benefits in our worthless. care, in my health area, which is a rural area, we don't have enough civilian doctors to take care of the veterans in this area. needs to increase the amount of doctors in rural areas for veterans. host: let's take that point or it -- point. guest: access has been an issue for decades. and populations for you have a high number of veterans, there wasn't easy access to v.a. clinics and they would have to find rides. that is one of the many issues. provider inmedical the world, a population is aging and been exposed to combat. they have a lot of serious medical issue

we saw a massive jump in the days after vietnam. but this is -- vietnam. but this is a national problem. one of the days that i testified in front of the senate appropriations committee, "the new york times" and national public radio ran stories about a 30% increase in the teen suicides amongst those teenagers who had watched a netflix show called "13 reasons why." today, suicide is the number one cause of death for american youth. one day the new york police department, the finest in the world, is now being hit with an epidemic of suicides. in our own veterans world, 20 a day take their lives. of those 20, 60% have no contact with v.a. the majority of those who take their lives from my father's generation from vietnam. ladies and gentlemen, lyndon johnson left washington, d.c., 50 years ago in january. that is how long many of the problems have been brewing with so many of our warriors. so for the first time, we are making a national call to combat the scourge. the prevent task force from the president is the first attempt to bring a whole of government,

it would call for a halt to american bombing of north vietnam. as a gesture to get negotiations started to end the war. johnson threatened to denounce humphrey as jeopardizing the lives of american soldiers if he came out for a bombing halt. while humphrey was becoming the leader of the party, he was still very much under johnson's control, and i think this captures this almost cruelly. >> i belong to the generation that was in college when all of this was going on. i cannot read. i feel a draft the way it was intended. if it was supposed to be about johnson being drafted for the nomination, i cannot see that word without thinking something else. >> i think it reflects the contemporary perceptions of the johnson/humphrey relationship, but i guess i want to push back a little bit and say i think it is a tad unfair to hubert humphrey. he did try hard to carve out some independent space. the overwhelming personality of johnson made it very difficult, but just to see humphrey as the child in the adult boots i think diminishes humphrey's stature even

by vietnam, it was 1.4 times. now it is 1.7 times. a bad trend. the poor kids are taking the hit increasingly. i am talking about lower middle-class working kids. i think we have to break that. or we are going to be in big trouble. gregory: in one sentence or less , what is the most important thing that you want everyone here tonight to take away from the conversation? marjorie: our country will not survive if we do not have some form of national service going forward. [applause] and! of current a lot news about the peace talks in afghanistan. we need to have women. the studies show throughout several decades of research, find this research, we need to have women at the table for these peace talks and building of the agreement. when we do, these agreements have a 35% chance of lasting. [applause] i don't know about you but i want it to last. just a thought. that my one sense would be we have to start remembering that we are a republic. everyone in the republic is responsible for fighting the republic's wars. to trainhave been able people to shoot

for meddling in its domestic affairs and in vietnam the 1st funerals take place for some of the $39.00 trafficking victims found dead in a truck and britain last month. on my heart thank you so much for your company everyone in the european parliament has voted to declare a climate emergency a resolution was passed with a clear majority in strasburg lawmakers their hope the move will send a powerful signal to the u.n. climate summit which starts in madrid next week also aiming to put pressure on the incoming executive to take a leading role in the global fight against climate change. all right they're upping the ante let's take you now to gary marcus our correspondent in brussels good to see you gail how significant is this. it is of course symbolic gesture here that comes from the peace in strasbourg and they're well aware of that there were some concerns that it could be a sign of panic and that is why. a number of conservative m.p.'s in particular voted against this motion but overall a lot of support for the idea which is say it's not just an urgency it is an emergency that is taki

forge tosnow of valley the jungles of vietnam. --m the forest abella would from the mounds of afghanistan to the deserts of iraq, that spirit has helped our fighters fascism,rants, conquer vanquish communism and face down terrorism. ago, americanks special forces raided the isis compound and brought the world's number one terrorist leader to justice. warriors, herican is dead, his second in charge is dead, we have eyes on number three, his reign of terror is over and our enemies are running very, very, scared. thank you. those who threaten our people don't stand a chance against the righteous might of the american military. mark theweeks, we will 75th anniversary of the battle of the bulge, our nation's bloodiest battle of world war ii. more than 47,000 americans were wounded and 19,000 gave their last breath. today by adly joined veteran of the battle of the bulge, a native new yorker who is 94 years old and still going very strong corporal jack fully -- corporal jack. [applause] pres. trump: you look good, jack. you look good. j

he was also a vietnam veteran. he was a colonel and an evac over in vietnam so we had a cool connection. he did a lot of stuff that military doctors do. room in minor surgery his clinic. he did some minor surgery on me. he checked my red and white blood count. worked toyou think it be able to access a private doctor? --that the point must mark is that the point? caller: i am almost there. i won't take up too much mortar time. the program worked out so good for me. course, people retire, my doctor retired, left me without a doctor and i had to go searching for a doctor. clinic on thei north coast of oregon called the northcoast clinic. change was so horrible and i got so frustrated, probably said some things to the doctor that were not politically correct, i guess you could say, and she fired me. time, trump became president and i got on this community care, which is what they are using now. it goes through an insurance company and everything has to be preapproved, you can choose your own doctor, they assign you to

the first funerals are held in vietnam for some of the 39 people found dead in a refrigerated lorry in essex last month. and as politicians on all sides pledge to plant trees for the future — we look at the parties plans to tackle the climate crisis. and at 11:30, we'll be taking an in—depth look at the papers with our reviewers — anand menon, director of the uk in a changing europe, and katy balls, deputy political editor of the spectator. good evening. 30 years after the hillsborough disaster, no one has been held responsible for the deaths of the 96 fans who lost their lives after being crushed on the terraces. today a jury found the policeman in charge on the day at the fa cup semifinal, chief superintendent david duckenfield, not guilty of manslaughter by gross negligence. it's the third time he's been on trial since 1989. as the verdict was read out, there were gasps and tears in court from the families of some of those who died. our north of england correspondent judith moritz has been at preston crown court. and this was a decisive moment in the very long history of hills

had to return to a vietnam that had been destroyed by war then in 1987 she was offered the opportunity to return to east germany in a small town as a contract worker but the attitude towards foreigners had changed him of envy i wore become an. eyesore. whenever we went shopping the cashiers look down at us as though we had just walked out of the jungle. this is the building that one true used to work in a former clothes factory she quickly realized that people like her were only there to make up for the lack of skilled workers in east germany they were encouraged to not have contact with east germans in 1909 the wall fell germans were overjoyed but it was a precarious time for contract workers. when i was so worried i didn't know what was going to happen i thought it was all over me and. over the following years the government tried to put the form of contract workers. was allowed to stay because she was married to a german but she ran into opposition including her doctor he had been in charge of the contract workers in her small town. he asked me what are you still doing here i answer

for more than 30 years east germany encouraged people from vietnam to move there to help deal with the labor shortage after german unification many vietnamese were sent home but some others were allowed to stay. home told to always dreamed of owning her own restaurant in 1976 the 62 year old came to the former east germany from vietnam. nor in need of my right flower dress represented germany because it was given to me by german aid workers. so when i got the job training offer i immediately said yes i had no idea what i was getting myself into. it was an equal. release she liked life in the former east vietnamese people were considered to be very industrious but after her job training from 2 to had to return to vietnam that had been destroyed by war. then in 1987 she was offered the opportunity to return to eastern germany in a small town as a contract worker but the attitude towards foreigners had changed him of envy i don't call for war we common. so. whenever we went shopping the cashiers the good looking down at us as though we had just walked out of the jungle the whole us all. o

by vietnam, it was 1.4 times. now it's 1.7 times. that's a very bad trend, that the poor kids are taking the hit, increasingly. is the republic at war? or are we just outsourcing it to the poor -- and i'm not talking about ghetto kids. i'm talking about lower middle class, working class kids. those are the ones that carry the burden. i think we've got to break that or we're going to be in big trouble. >> all right. in one sentence or less -- [laughter] what is the most important thing that you want everyone here tonight to take away from a conversation about the relationships between war and society? >> one sentence or less. >> that's yours. [laughter] >> carl's books are like this. [laughter] >> my gosh. our country will not survive if we do not have some form of national service going forward. [applause] >> and i'll keep -- last thought. i just need to say this, because we've had a lot of current news about the peace talks in afghanistan. we need to have women -- i'm not saying this because i'm a woman -- but the studies show throu

he praised them when they came back for the job they did in vietnam. and which he said was honorably undertaken and honorably ended, and he said that our american soldiers are the strongest hope for america's future. i am very fortunate to be in this position. to be in a position where we care for our veterans, and we care for their families, and we remind people everyday that they are sleeping soundly at night because of the sacrifices of their fellow citizens who have experienced the incommunicable experience of war. a few years ago, the va was not in a very good place. it was scandal after scandal and many in this department and this place have noted. i believe that we have turned the corner. this year, i was able on behalf of the president to present the largest budget in the history of veterans affairs, $220 billion calling for 400,000 employees over 172 hospitals. our patient satisfaction rates are at the great nest the history, 89.7%. we have embarked on the most transformational period in our history with the mission act, and we finally put the

i had a brother who was a mechanic in vietnam, another one who built roads in vietnam for two years. i wrote press releases in waco, texas and directed tv in the philippines. my view of the war was still the same. i did not think it was just. i had no reason to believe we needed to be there. when i got to kent state, i held that view, but my personal desire to do photography was stronger than my desire to be a protester. and so i chose that, and that way, i had to keep myself a little bit more objectified than trying to do one side or the other. yes? >> why do you think the national guard opened fire? howard: i can explain that, really. and it is quite strange. when governor rhodes -- all of this is in the book. when governor rhodes arrived on campus, he went and had his public appearance. but then he had a private appearance in the firehouse with the -- i do not even believe there were any kent state officials or administrators there. fire, police, national guardsmen, some reporters. and he -- his words were being broadcast also to the -- i don't want to call them dormitories, but t

this is worth a lot of money to vietnam. migrant labourers are expected to send back almost $17 billion to vietnam this year, more than 6% of the gross domestic product. here's quynh le again. today the police in the central province where most of the victims are believed to come from announced they have made eight arrests against suspects in the local province, this brings the total number of people arrested in vietnam now to turn. the police are insisting that this is just the initial stage of the investigation —— now to turn. some people may be arrested or they may be released later. is it possible to estimate the scale of the problem of people trafficking or illegal immigration from vietnam? how may people will try to carry out these journeys? according to some researchers i spoke to an estimated 18,000 vietnamese people are smuggled into europe including the uk every year. it is a fairly small numberfor a uk every year. it is a fairly small number for a country of 95 million people but it is still a serious problem