what does this tell us about the electoral college? we have indirect elections in the united states, obviously. going back to the election we discussed this afternoon -- so when the voters say, well indiana voted, they voted for the electors. there's no direct election. but you put up a popular vote count. could you maybe explain that whole process? david: sure, the democratization of politics was well under way or the war before the war of 1812 and it continued to accelerate afterwards. so that the broadening franchise -- a lot more people could vote. they dropped property call qualifications, occurred in tandem with the notion to popularized popularize the you popularize the electoral choice. the reported date legislator the elect the was a good period before this, the majority of states' legislatures elected electors the way they did senators. that changing. there were 18 of the 24 states in 1824 that had popular votes for electors. louisiana was not one of them. that's how they were able to control louisiana as much as they did. th

the rationale for that was the same as for the electoral college. it was to prevent the larger states from dominating the elections. a simple majority in the house would then provide the victor. the physical process of the voting and how it was achieved, how it was counted that's kind of a story for another day. what is pertinent for us today are the 1824 election results. there were simply too many candidates. by the time they got to the election in the fall, there were four. secretary of state john quincy adams of massachusetts secretary of the treasury william h. crawford of georgia, speaker of the house henry clay of kentucky and senator andrew jackson of tennessee. the abundance of candidates assured that no one would going to receive a majority in the electoral college and that was apparent by the late fall of 1824. accordingly, the 12th amendment kicked in. the top three in the electoral college vote were jackson, adams and crawford. these would be the candidates before the house of representatives. david: we do a tag team thing here, you kno

college he is proud of the electoral college and the reason is the electoral college will stand between the people and a demagogue, which hamilton would come in the founding era would have been derisively called democracy. what is standing in between is the electoral college, intermediary actors choose the president and if the people really want a demagogue the electoral colleges will say no. now we have inverted that entirely because in fact the people did not elect a demagogue, they rejected a demagogue by something over 3 million votes in the electoral college, having lost faith in the original vision of it where it would exercise independent judgment, mechanistically installed the demagogue in the face of a popular rejection of it. it is actually quite - i don't know whether the conclusion is hamilton got it wrong since he was imagining the electoral college behaving in a different fashion than it did or if the point is intermediary institutions don't work as well, notably the other intermediary institutional used long after the electoral college becomes something of a formality tha

worked out with the electoral college. if that is your problem now, i can well imagine how you feel if, as i expect, donald trump is reelected in 2020 this year. maybe gets a few more seats on the supreme court. i think at that point, maybe people will say i want to respect democracy, and that means secession. host: connecticut, this is gary. good morning. caller: i wanted to speak to the notion of secession as a sleeper issue. ofulting from the failure reconstruction and the failure to properly punish the traitors who raised their hand against the constitution of the united states and the government of the united states. during reconstruction, slowly but surely, blacks were suppressed. jim crow laws came into being. southerners still refer to the war as the war of northern aggression. the lost cause. these people have been waiting to have a voice, and state -- and they now have one in the president. if you look to the issue of monuments, i do not know if you are aware of the colfax massacre in louisiana. there is a monume

that is the problem with the electoral college. at some point the one person one vote, it is not in the bible, you know? it is not a law of nature. but it is pretty good common sense. and if one party keeps winning while losing, i think the country will look at this. peter: back to 1992. george h w bush was the nominee. pat buchanan on super tuesday won about 35% of the delegates. carl: that's right. what did that tell you? i told you he got a prime speaking spot in houston that year. it told you george h w bush was going to be the nominee. you're not a threat to the guy. it also showed this might not have been as strong a candidate as we thought. george h w bush until that point had the highest gallup approval rating in american history. this is the gold standard in social science because the question has been asked identically word for word the same way since george gallup was calling people in the 1930's. do you approve or disapprove of the job harry s truman, linda johnson, ronald reagan, is doing as president? after the gulf w

have enough electorates for the electoral college.” didn't have enough electorates for the electoral college. i am struck by the contrast between these old white men, if you like, and the midterm. what did the midterms returned to congress. they return to this rainbow, young, diverse group of people which seemed at one point to express what the democratic party was going to be about once it moved on, and now we have gone back into this. the other thing is, when you look at how trump is reacting to this, his line is he is trying to provoke bernie into saying it is rigged and unfair. he is saying it for him in his rallies. there you see the democrats, per bernie, he can't get in. the third thing is they are going to now spend eight months hammering away atjoe biden and investigating all of that, and that will just not and investigating all of that, and that willjust not go away. ifjoe biden can't cool that off now, it is going to be a serious drag on his campaign. the democrats are can the democrats are content with losing. would you

of the electoral college is something they don't even bring up they hope they can thread the needle finely enough that they can get our votes by being a little less racist and getting some white people too but that is 1st of all it's a recipe for failure hillary clinton lost donald trump wasn't supposed to be able to win yet he's the one in the white house so if nothing else people have to start looking at the record of the democratic party and their their record of failure obama more than $900.00 democratic seats last across the country for the simple reason that they don't want to do the hard work of getting voters out because then they were. you have to give up their allegiance to court allegiance to corporate interests that is what will get voters out that is what will get blasted voters out sometimes the coolest new things can come from the worst of reasons at least that's what antarctic scientists and researchers are telling themselves up to a brand new island disappeared off the coast of the south pole this summer thanks to the ice melting as you can see in this picture. temperature

college and you know so it's a will we will see about that but i do think that the the criticism is warranted on the idea of buying your way into this election i mean limburg tried to circumvent the normal way of the primaries where the. as for states yeah they don't mean much in terms of delegates but they mean a lot in terms of letting people get to know you doing all of those debate ahead of time for months he said hey how about i don't do that and i just buy my way into super tuesday he has gained some delegates but i don't know if i'm alright here would like to do the math for us this back at the end of this during the break or he's got about 20 delegates tonight right or $500000000.00 is like $25000000.00 a delegate which is probably the costliest sime area in american history but you know listening to him in florida area he seems to say that he still wants to stay in this race why would he say that i mean for the same reason he got into it i think he has had ambitions to be president for some time this is not the 1st election he has talked about running in for whatever it is

obviously the electoral college overstates the sis. wins two crushing victories. the pattern repeats itself. it is fading i think and if you want to tell a story progress you could tell it in that way. but if you want to look back to the declaration and founding for a basic theme of the american story, it is not liberty, equality, it is purchasing unity at the price of racial justice. if you listen closely, you can still hear that they. my main point is that if you look back with clear eyes, the story of america is not so much a burst of idealism that casted light into the present day as a primal sin. a betrayal that echoes down the ages. our standard story tries to put a happy gloss on this but it is not really accurate and the more accurate it gets, the closer it gets to the birth of a nation which is much less happy. i want to explore why this is so. how did this come to be our standard story? wise is the one we tell ourselves? it is largely because of this man. abraham lincoln puts the declaration front and center. he did this really consistently through his l

there's a movement afoot to get rid of the electoral college. carl: yes. this came up in 2000. bush one, atge w. the supreme court and the hanging chads on the floor to -- hanging chads in the florida recount. votes, thousand votes out of several million cast. vote byost the popular almost half a million votes. and people said wait a minute? one, is that the way we should be doing this? when your democratic friend said this to you, if you are me you would say ok. i get the point. if hillary clinton had lost the popular vote by half a million votes and one electoral college, would you be saying this? and if they were friends of yours they might admit that they wouldn't. but this thing four years ago was not a half million votes. half, 3 most to a million votes. it could happen again. there's a limit to the mouth. because it cannot be -- there is a limit to the mathematics. because it not be 20 million. but if it's 4 million votes. or 5 million votes. that, to me, stresses the constitution. i've always believed in the logic of the electoral college. and it is the same logic as th

dead state rank choice national popular vote and now we're in both the fact of the electoral college and the elections of the so that person came in 2nd in those 2 cases in also what is the problem of deciding to blow for the lesser evil is the greater evil when you really want to vote for somebody else bernie sanders he lost the nomination in 2016 but the issues he raised like medicare for our tuition free higher education in real climate action are now part of the real debate in the democratic party so you don't have to win artist to move to move the debate in the us we need to do well it's a great democratic exercise why the green body always do so badly then where we have a winner take all system unlike most countries that have elections there proportional representation and we have a strong tradition we have got all this party in the world. what's been called the 2nd most enthusiastic capitals party in the world it's the democrats in and we have the richest party in the world the most of those if the gap was born in the world the republicans in their entrenched rienzo are if the

we can talk about attacks on the office of the president, on the electoral college, on the first amendment, on the senate itself. but most striking of all, has been the shameless efforts to bully our nation's independent judiciary and yesterday, those efforts took a dangerous and disturbing turn. by now, many already know what the democratic leader shouted outside the supreme court yesterday morning. i am sorry to have to read it into the record. first, he prompted a crowd of activists to boo two of the associate justices. as those supreme court justices were professional athletes and senator schumer were jeering from the stands. and then to say your senator from new york said this, i want to tell you for such, i want to tell you, kavanaugh, you have released a whirlwind and you, you will pay the price. you won't know what hit you if you go forward with these awful decisions. ". madam president, i am not sure where to start. there is a nothing call this except a threat. and there's absolutely no question to whom it was directed. contrary to what the democratic leader has since tried to cla

the popular vote and flossed electoral college. what does that say? is says anachronism design for another time no longer works if we move toward one person, one vote, that's how we select winners. lou: changed the rules, she said. [laughter] amusing. breaking news now, i told you we would be saying that a lot. bernie sanders has now one. his home state of vermont, that after our decision desk reached sufficient level of data with which to make that projection. after joe biden won the virginia primary, polls closed in north carolina. just about ten minutes. then six other states follow at 8:00 p.m. alabama, tennessee, texas, oklahoma, massachusetts and maine. we'll update you on the results throughout this broadcast. joining us now, white house political director, he's run more campaigns than anyone else. ed, your thoughts on vermont and virginia pretty much as expected. >> i think so. reality is, super tuesday has never been as large as this one today. fourteen states, they are larger than south carolina. south carolina 54. eight

but whoever the nominee is, has to take a really hard look at the electoral college. what will help him, because that's who it's down to, what will help him win the electoral college, because i think our nominee could win the popular vote again as i did but that doesn't matter, as we know. >> coming up on "gps," hillary clinton on the state of women in american society and around the world. i...decided to take the dna test. and i...was...shocked. right away, called my mom, called my sisters. i'm from cameroon, congo, and...the bantu people. i had ivory coast, and ghana...togo. i was grateful... i just felt more connected... to who i am. greater details. richer stories. and now with health insights. get your dna kit at ancestry.com. when youyou spend lessfair, and get way more. so you can bring your vision to life and save in more ways than one. for small prices, you can build big dreams, spend less, get way more. shop everything home at wayfair.com >>> today is international women's day, fitting then that my guest was the first female presidential nominee of a major a

the electoral college of the united states in most cases that isn't a comparison. but i think all of those candidates and maybe one of them will be that person and many years from now. so we have an opportunity as hillary clinton did in such a way that was so strong and she led the way for these women to go. now they will be thinking about it earlier but to prepare for it and then to have most distinguished governors with that executive experience counts for something. and also people have to know you if people had run before and joe biden so what we have to do is advance women standing on issues of national security and they do but to stand on the economy not just take care of the soft issues but but the broader issues to succeed america succeeds. for that process or anything toto the leadership of that but you don't want to say we should have a woman president to say this is the best person for the job and anyone could have fulfilled tha that. thank you. >> [inaudible] >> i don't think so. no. [inaudible conversations] [inaudible conversations] >> let's begin. th

but whoever the nominee is, has to take a really hard look at the electoral college. what will help him, because that's who it's down to, what will help him win the electoral college, because i think our nominee could win the popular vote again as i did but that doesn't matter as we know. >> coming up on "gps," hillary clinton on the state of women in american society and around the world. at fisher investments, we do things differently and other money managers don't understand why. because our way works great for us! but not for your clients. that's why we're a fiduciary, obligated to put clients first. so, what do you provide? cookie cutter portfolios? nope. we tailor portfolios to our client's needs. but you do sell investments that earn you high commissions, right? we don't have those. so, what's in it for you? our fees are structured so we do better when our clients do better. at fisher investments we're clearly different. how we worship, or who we love. and the 2020 census is how that great promise is kept. because this is the count that informs where hundreds o

. >> katie: she did not win the electoral college. >> juan: to me on so many levels, the same conversation with elizabeth warren dropped out and about women who said democratic party, you're supposed to be supportive of women's rights and you don't even do it and you point fingers at republicans. i think that is legit and part of what elizabeth warren said when she said young women who look to the current leaders and ask why can't america elect a woman president, why is it that black men had the right to vote before women? there is a problem in terms of how women politicians are viewed in this country. i just think. >> greg: she is still in. >> dana: she also said when she was asked to she would pick for vice president, should it be a woman, does it have to be a woman and she said i think you should pick the person best for the job that can help win the electoral college i thought maybe she didn't learn a thing. >> juan: overall, it is low risk for her to go after bernie at this point and she doesn't like bernie and she keeps saying she doesn't like bernie and i think if she wants to sell

they know better this time you know they have to invest to win the electoral college back to the democratic side would i want to go through quickly and you give me your blurb i want you saw as the format because people on twitter are like this is great, no booing and cheering and it seems like more under control and easier when you only have two people but how we, what did you think? >> it drained some of the drama but seen as [inaudible] were smart to let them debate each other but what struck me in the first coronavirus debate was they did not really take any personal shots at each other print bernie can do delegates math and note joe biden's is the likely nominee and biden knows he knows bernie sanders so they were pretty civil. >> i think the key for me is, again, going back to coronavirus how they dealt with this in the big points scored by biden is that we need results, not revolution. that would be for me the headline quote i would take away. what we heard from how we, i think, going into this there was question about biden going one-on-one with sanders and would he have a flood that

college. if you look at bernie sanders in oklahoma, he won the state of oklahoma in 2016, super tuesday, 2016 this time around, and super tuesday, he lost the state of oklahoma. what's happened to his support? why is he losing ground or underperforming in 2020? >> i was looking at this, and i think that a lot of it, again, can be attributed to the fact that people's priorities in oklahoma, especially when you're looking at the exit polls, were to beat donald trump. they overwhelmingly chose joe biden as their candidate. i also think that there's an element of sexism that plays into it. hillary clinton did very badly there. and joe biden, who is running on a very similar platform, is doing much better than. soledad: what sexism what? i'm shocked. young people and turnout certainly on social media. right. young people overindex. you would think everybody under the age of 35 is marching to the polls, every single caucus and primary. what auado they vote? >> that's not been the case in the last fe

they know better this time you know they have to invest to win the electoral college back to the democratic side would i want to go through quickly and you give me your blurb i want you saw as the format because people on twitter are like this is great, no booing and cheering and it seems like more under control and easier when you only have two people but how we, what did you think? >> it drained some of the drama but seen as [inaudible] were smart to let them debate each other but what struck me in the first coronavirus debate was they did not really take any personal shots at each other print bernie can do delegates math and note joe biden's is the likely nominee and biden knows he knows bernie sanders so they were pretty civil. >> i think the key for me is, again, going back to coronavirus how they dealt with this in the big points scored by biden is that we need results, not revolution. that would be for me the headline quote i would take away. what we heard from how we, i think, going into this there was question about biden going one-on-one with sanders and would he have a flood that

suddenly you have a whole lot of electoral college votes going behind the democratic candidate. that is all much farther down the line. let's see what is happening tonight. we think joe biden has got within one or two points of bernie sanders. what we might see in the next couple of days if that is the case and there is this concerted effort to stop bernie, people going to elizabeth warren on the progressive side of the democratic party, she shares many of the ideas that bernie sanders shares. elizabeth, you're not going to win, you will not get the nomination. perhaps now is the time to drop out and give your support to bernie sanders. that is not guaranteed. she may not necessarily do that in the same way pete buttigieg give his endorsement to joe biden does not mean his supporters will cross over into the biden camp. her numbers could be inflated here in texas because of that surprise moved by b -- pete buttigieg. texas, it just happens in texas. this time, it is a lot more interesting. there are a lot more twists and turns to look for. >> just briefly, you have been casting

in order to beat donald trump, you're going to have to win electoral college. it's not a popular vote issue. if it was a popular vote issue, then maybe bernie sanders could win. hillary won the popular vote. but in order to beat donald trump and be sworn in as the next president, you have to win the electoral college. that means winning michigan. that means winning ohio, winning pennsylvania, that means winning wisconsin, that means winning florida, where we're going to compete. so when you look at it in that sense, oes the is the most elec, also the most experienced, has the best platform, and he is the best equipped to bring this country together again after a disaster routs four years of donald trump. >> there is a perception out there that democrats can no longer work with republicans and vice versa. tom steyer said to to me the other day in south carolina, that it's naive of joe biden to think he can work with republicans in congress. you are in congress right now. do you think it's possible? >> it's absolutely possible. think about this. i'm not a donald

they themselves recognized this electoral college got its problems and ascended, some of the structures they had problems with. some of them they did that support. franklin wanted the direct election of the present, for example, as did james wilson and governor morse from pennsylvania, alex and hamilton from new york. they had their differences, but they realize something was necessary and they were committed to creating this country and he did a pretty good job. >> thank you for being here at the atlanta history center. my question is, do you think if ben franklin was younger then washington might've included in his cabinet or administration? >> i think it franklin had been younger, both washington and franklin would have both each served president. they were larger-than-life. you look at them. look at them. here in georgia the first thing we did after the revolution was create the college, the first called pritikin state college. after the revolution and we named it franklin college. it wasn't the university of georgia. the whole thing was franklin college. when tennessee was come int

you know, when george bush 43 came in, he had lost the popular vote, one the electoral college. it was contested until december. the supreme court handed it to him. he was called an illegitimate president. but what happened was he kept his head down. he surrounded himself with advisers. 9/11 happened, and he was able to rally the nation together. we look to the president regardless of party for unity and leadership, and i've always wondered will donald trump be able to unify the nation if we face a crisis? i had thought that might be on the world stage, a national security event. it may be a public health crisis, and i think the answer is no. and as a nation we do want to be able to trust our government, but under his leadership i'm afraid we're not going to be able to. and the affirmation of that distrust will come in the financial markets, not on fox news. he can't lie this one away if the financial markets continue to collapse and we see evidence of that failed leadership. >> so notwithstanding the fact, beth, that the president talks about financial markets in a way that no

college. and they were the most famous americans in the world. their final letters to each other represented a fitting end to a three-decade partnership that more than any other pairing would forge the american nation. their relationship began during the french and indian war when franklin supplied the wagons for british general edward braddock's ill-fated assault on fort due cane. and washington buried the general's body under the dirted road traveled by those retreating wagons. they warned braddock against the attack, you'll be cut to pieces going through the woods, which they were. rekindled in 1775 during the second continentalling congress, this friendship continued through the revolution, the constitutional convention and the establishment of the federal government. perhaps because of the differences in the background, the age, the manner, the public image their relationship was not wide hi commented on -- widely commented on then and remains little discussed today which is why i decided

college put him over the top but that's really crucial because in those 3 states where you won the electoral college votes you only won by less than one percent of the vote and if even one percent switches over and says sir presidents didn't react properly to this crisis that could hurt him actually has not been top of this right now and i'm not sure things are taking up like this should the other trying i mean it's getting better but look at what south korea did immediately in the excess of 300000 people were driving through test sites in the u.s. refused under president trump refused testing kits for that were double double nature which are protesting its early on and said look at our own testing it's well taken a long time right and then the fact that he disband adulterant disbanded the white house office focusing on pandemic preparedness then cut funding to the c.d.c. again. we're going to create problems there that was unconscionable that when president obama had that in place from the obama about crisis and further on it was all the way through to the 1st 2 years of president trumpet t

college and the party primary process is very confusing and complicated and the quality of education on civic matters is quite low we decided to talk to some younger people here in new york city and find out why the numbers of young people going out to vote is so low did you vote in the last election now do you plan to vote in the upcoming primary vote maybe. navy better believe it why might you not vote. it just doesn't make sense that the public's opinion doesn't even matter when it comes to a presidential election now why do you think a lot of young americans don't vote. cause it doesn't make any sense to close the most the defense of the. people sometimes the lines are really long but. not as long as adults knew that's what younger people just either don't think it's employ. because there so if people voting or they just. don't know. well i feel like a lot of them probably think that their vote doesn't make a difference as i hear from a lot of my friends who can vote so that's probably the devil is what happened last election as well i don't think they feel that their voices hear

college. the would tell you presidential election is 14 months away. all the press in this country is concentrating on it now. my hope would be is that we would be a little bit more long-term and not thinking and thinking a lot the problems in front of the country right now. having the discussion of why aren't appropriation bills going to the house and the senate. when they do a continuing resolution, it is loaded with junk. and you don't get to see it for years. it takes two years to unpack it because it is headed in. and that's not a way to run a government. it ought to be transparent. and there is a great new website up that is available for you to see with transparency how things have been sent -- spent in the past, that there is nothing up there for you to see how things are going to be spent this year. you can't read the details until right before you vote on it. and that is a -- that is not representative. host: this fiscal year and september 30. that is the deadline for the congress to