town, ultimately plymouth city. but the maps were not specific to 1620. they were either in the 16th century, so the century before or the century after. it wasn't clear what buildings had fallen to ruin, what the street was, so it was a very long series of many research studies. consulting with historical experts. marshall reed has given us information that was incredibly helpful. these heritage projects very much rely on a certain amount of interpretation, and when you've got such scant resources to go by, then, yes, you're never going to get it 100% right. and there will always be controversy and criticism, but we did the best we could with the resources we had. >> and talk a little bit about your trip to plymouth, massachusetts. >> after we decided we were going to do the mayflower project, it made sense to me to find out as much information as we could not only about the original mayflower, but the mayflower ii. the mayflower ii was in a village just around the corner. it was given to the united states as a gif

in 1620, the mayflower traveled from plymouth, england to america, and the pilgrims settled the plymouth colony on the coast of massachusetts. we talked to robert stone about the virtual mayflower project which uses virtual reality to recreate the ship and the harbor from which it set sail. using avatars and 360-degree images of the virtual world, professor stone describes what life might have been like for the pilgrims and crew. some of the historic features we'll see in the virtual rendering are the 17th century port called the barbercan, plymouth castle and the speedwell, a ship that was set to sail with the mayflower to america but was deemed unseaworthy and returned to port. >> 1620 has been a great labor of love for me over the past six years. it's about trying to use rectory art to bring the mayflower back to life, so that we can experience what it was like for the pilgrims in their mammoth journey across the atlantic back in 1620. what was it like for them? what was the last thing they saw before they got on this leaky, creeky ship and made their way out to the atlantic all those

i found it really telling, and i love how you mentioned the former plymouth plantation, plymouth and petuxit, are trying to show the complexities of the two societies. when researching how wampanogs were enslaved, where were you able to find your research and what were you able to locate? >> sure. well, you know, the colony's records which actually were transcribed in the 19th century, give you the basics of that story. they document the immediate enslavement and export of captives during and after the war. and, you know, then there are ongoing court cases involving native servants. it took me a little while to realize that a lot of the servants, i think, would be more fairly categorized as slaves. also, you know, one of the stories i found poignant was about a satiom named aloshunks who was a female wampanog leader. she -- i found her just remarkable and someone who deserves a lot more attention. she is clearly the leader of her community as of the early 1670s and is really caught in the middle during king phillip's war. doesn't want to fight the english because she thinks that's ul

i find it really telling about how the former plymouth plantation and plymouth hall are trying to show complexities of the two societies. when researching about how wampanoags were enslaved were you able to find -- where were you able to find your research? what were you able to locate? >> sure. >> the colonies record which were transcribed in the 19th century is the basics of the story. they documents the immediate enslavement and export of captives during and after the war. then, there are ongoing court cases involving native servants. it took me a little while to realize a lot of the servants would be more fairly categorized as slaves. also, one of the stories i found poignant was about a station who was a female leader. i am not a local. i am messing it up you can tell me. anyway i found her just remarkable. someone who deserves a lot more attention she is clearly the leader of her community as of the early 1670s. it is really caught in the middle during king philip's for. it doesn't want to fight the english because she thinks back that ultimately that will be bad for her people.

at the famed plymouth rock. and then in the virtual-reality demonstration you can see the fish house there. you can see the chain, even though it may not have been there in the 1620's it was the most important part of the fortification. so observers in plymouth castle could look down and if they thought there was a threat, the chain up. and that would protect them from this french or the spanish. you are taken out in this leaky boat, and are able to look around, to see the view, the last few of plymouth that the mayflower pilgrims would have seen. the system will not take you up onto the ship itself -- will take you up onto the ship itself. and we have various pilgrims and crew. the guy in front of you with a hat on, is not well, and that is bad news because the ship has not left harbor yet, so he is not going to fare very well going over to the americas in the coming weeks, the coming 66 days these guys and gals were at sea. we can look back into plymouth. the castle in some state of ruin, probably the last few

about 45 mile walk from plymouth and they head out. there are no horses yet and plymouth colony. they are walking these trails. they just left the sediment when they come across a group of native americans who were collecting lobsters in plymouth harbor. they begin to talk. as they conversed with a new companion, the englishman learned to walk across the land in southern new england was to travel in time. all along this narrow hardpacked trail circular foot deep hole in the ground that had been dug where any remarkable act had occurred. it was each person's responsibility to maintain the holes and to conform fellow travelers of what had once happened in that particular place so that many things of great antiquity are fresh in memory. winslow and hopkins began to see that they were traversing a mythic land where a sense of community extended far into the distant past. as a man traveled, winslow road, his journey would be the less tedious by reason of the many historical discourses that would be related and to him. in closing, my only plea is that we keep the memory holes alive. th

where it seems to have made a difference in how they presented the plymouth story. when usumequen entered into a mutual assistance treaty with the pilgrims both bradford and winslow saw it as a significant event but their accounts differed. winslow's account, the more complete, records the sixth point of the agreement as this. number six, that when their men came to us they should leave their bows and arrows behind them as we should do with our pieces when we came to them. which makes the treaty seem less one sided than bradford's account which eliminates the necessity for the pilgrims to leave their weapons behind when they entered native villages. in addition to this difference there's another significant one which many of you are probably familiar with, and that is the discrepancy in the accounts of bradford and winslow of what we come to call the first thanksgiving. bradford simply talks about the gathering in of the harvest. he does not mention anything about the native presence. it is winslow who gives the fuller account, our harvest being gotten in, our gover

their governor, john endicott, requested help from plymouth. and governor bradford sent samuel fuller, the colonies physician, but also a deacon of the plymouth congregation. this was the first of a number of trips taken by fuller over the next few years to the bay colony. fuller's ability to impact the disease was likely minimal. but, he spent many hours in consultation with the puritan leaders of salem, who had no -- at the time. and then later visits, he engaged in similar discussions with john winthrop and other lay leaders of the 1630 migration. the question before all who immigrated in the early years of massachusetts, help to form churches and undertake worship. the answer was to be found in the practices of those who had formed congregations themselves, such as that -- forming it through lay initiative. in letters to governor bradford, inserted into bradford's letter book and then copied into a -- endicott praised fuller, for his knowledge of mr. robinson's church, expressed his view that he, john endicott, believed the plymouth's face

' process from england to plymouth, massachusetts. the editorial team included from yale, paula of the wampanoag nation, and myself, along with jeremy banks of the american pilgrim museum. because the bradford manuscript included a list of hebrew vocabulary inscribed, we engaged yale's eric raymond to transcribe that material. the inclusion of an essay by a member of the wampanoag nation is the most striking departure of this addition from previous ones. but not the only departure. i would like to discuss some of the things that make this volume unique and then move on to talk about how working on it has helped me to revise my understanding of bradford and his writings. william bradford began to compile his history in 1630. , years after his arrival on the 10 years after his arrival on the mayflower, and in the same year that john winthrop arrived in massachusetts to take charge of the colony that would become the dominant puritan presence in new england. while bradford composed the work in a way that suggested he was preparing it for

this comes from a phrase bradford uses in plymouth plantation -- of plymouth plantation. it's as good as a term of any to refer to them, i think, given the complexity of what was beneath that label. one for 65 days, the mayflower had blundered her way through storms and headwinds. her bottom shaggy pelted seaweed and barnacles. her leaky duck sloughing salt water under her pastures devoted heads. there are hundred and two of them, 104 if you counted the two dogs, a spaniel and giant slobbering mastiff. i was recently continent by a reader who was a mastiff owner who said they have to bring a towel over they take the dog and when she read that opening of mayflower, she felt a vital connection with the pilgrims in plymouth colony when. most of their provisions and equipment were beneath them in the whole, the primary storage area of the vessel. the passengers were in between or tween decks. a dank airless space about 75 feet long and not even five feet high that separated the hole from the upper deck. between ducks was made even made more claustrophobic for the passengers a

this comes from a phrase bradford uses in plymouth plantation of plymouth plantation, and it is as good a term as any to refer to them, i omplexity of the c what was beneath that label. for 65 days, the mayflower has wandered through storms and headwinds. her bottom shaggy with seaweed and particles, her leaky decks spewing saltwater underwear passengers' devoted heads. 104 if you counted the two dogs. i was richly contacted by an owner who is a mastiff ownwer, she said she had to bring eight towel wherever she took her dog. most of their provisions and equipment were beneath them in the hold. the primary storage area of the vessel. the passengers were in the between deck, a dank, airless space about 75 feet long and not even five feet high that separates the hold from the upper deck. between decks is more of a crawlspace than a place to live, made even more claustrophobic by the passenger attempts to provide themselves with some privacy. cabinss of thin-walled had been built, creating a series of rooms that overflowed with people in their possession. there was even a boat cut into piec

in one year plymouth colony goes to the back water. there is really motivators, the colony, their soldiers do not arrive in time to be part of the conflict nap may have been intended. it is a conflict that would radically change the false of power particularly among the native groups of the region and participate in many troubles ways what would happen next. the scale of what happened was very different. hundreds of men, women, and children would die and be -- this brought a level of violence and brutality and this was a real wake up call to the stake of any conflict that would spread that was very local. >> now that the president signed the coronavirus relief and government funding bill, congress still has work to do this week. they begin in the house today with a vote on whether or not to override the veto of the $740 billion authorization bill. in his veto message, president trump said he objected to part 430. if the veto override is successful in the house it goes to the senate. the house gavels in at 2:00 p.m. on c-span. the first

in 1620, the mayflower traveled from plymouth, england to america, and the pilgrim settled the plymouth colony on the coast of massachusetts. we talked to robert stone about the virtual mayflower project, which uses virtual reality to re-create the ship and the harbor from which it set sail. using avatars and 360 degree images of the virtual world, professor stone describes what life would have been like for the pilgrims and the crew. some of the historic features we will see in the virtual rendering are the 17th-century port. plymouth castle, and the speedwell, a ship that was set to sail to america but was deemed on seaworthy and returned to the port. >> it has been a big day for me over the last 6 years, it's about trying to use virtual reality to embark to new england, for people who live there, to experience what it was like for the pilgrims and their journey across the atlantic in 1620. what was it like for them? what was it like before they got on the creaky ship all those centuries ago? >> we are going to jump right in and take a look at some of those 360s.>> what we have here a

on the shore of plymouth where wilderness greeted the pilgrims now stands the monument on plymouth rock. a cheering throng reached the second mayflower. captain vineyards and his men receive a hero's ovation at plymouth. close by plymouth rock where the pilgrims first set foot in the new world, the mayflower ii will be docked permanently, living memorial to a great voyage. ♪ >>> you're watching american history tv, every weekend on c-span 3. explore our nation's past. american history tv on c-span3, create created by america's cable television companies and today brought to you by these television companies who provide american history tv to viewers as a public service. >>> weeknight this is month, we're featuring american history tv programs as a preview of what's available every weekend on c-span3. tonight, we look at the cold war. historian william hitchcock discusses presidential leadership during the cold war and the era's lasting impact on politics. author of "the age of eisenhower:america and the world in the 1950s." watch tonight beginning at 8:00 p.m. eastern, and enjoy ameri

in one year plymouth colony goes from a region to the backwater. it was the great migration bringing thousands into the boston area, they quickly spread through massachusetts, maine and new hampshire but also to connecticut. it was really the pure tans that were really the motivators behind the war. plymouth colony didn't -- their soldiers did not arrive in time to be part of the conflict, and that may have been intended. i see that conflict, as many -- being the pure tan version of a conflict that would radically change the balance of power particularly among the native groups of the region. and would anticipate in many troubling ways what would happen next. the scale of what happened in the war was very different. hundreds of men, women, and children would die and be massacred at a fort that is now mystic, connecticut. and this brought a level of violence and brutality that was not a part of native warfare before this. this was a wake-up call to the stakes of any kind of conflict that might spread beyond something that was very local. thank you v

plymouth, massachusetts. mayflower ii is behind me, a full-scale reproduction of the ship that brought the pilgrims to new england in 1620. a writer by the name of albert matthews gives them the name of pilgrim fathers, which still, in the united kingdom today, they're called the pilgrim fathers. we as americans tend to call them pilgrims. and the reason the word is cited is that william bradford, in his chronicle and also in his poetry, refers to them as pilgrims, not upper case big p famous pilgrims, but as pilgrims, people who went on a journey for religious reasons, went on a journey for personal discovery. and so that use of the word "pilgrim" gives them a group identity. but we all need to remember they themselves did not have a group identity. they were a very heterogenuous w group who had to learn to live together. aboard the mayflower and the few ships that would follow, there were up to 17 different dialect regions represented in plymouth, and they lived in an age prior to recording. very rarely, un

. >> i'm the deputy executive director of plymouth museums and we are at plymouth massachusetts. mayflower two is behind me, a full scale of reproduction of the ship, that brought the programs to new england in 1620. provided by the name of albert, getting the name of pilgrim fathers, which is still in the united kingdom today, they are called the pilgrim fathers, but americans tend to call them pilgrims. william bradford in his chronicle and also in his poetry referred to them as pilgrims, not uppercase famous pilgrims, but as pilgrims, people who went on a journey for religious regions reasons. and for personal discovery. so the use of the word pilgrims gives them identity but we all need to remember, they themselves did not have a group identity, they were a very heterogeneous group that had to learn to live together. when you think about, how did people sound in colonial new england? the first few ships that would follow, there were upwards of 17 different dialect, representing plymouth, and they lived in an age prior to recording, very rarely unless you were in a big city di

they would call it plymouth, named by an earlier explorer of new england. they began to unload passengers and goods from the mayflower. december 25, christmas day was not a holiday celebrated by the pilgrims, so as bradford wrote -- >> on the 25th day of december, they would receive them and their grace. >> the ground was measured out for each family. they would waste no time in building the settlement, it is now winter and many of them were becoming ill. those who were able, kept working to build houses. but, the cold winter weather and the sickness they suffered on their long voyage began to strike them down. >> so, our 100 percent group, a scarce 50 remained, and of these, with abundance of hazard of their own health, they would make their beds, wash their clothing, and they endured. >> after that first terrible week, life improved for the pilgrims. bradford continues his story. >> with spring approaching, the sick recovered. >> about 16 march, an indian came around. he spoke to them in english, his name was somerset. >> somerset, a local chief had learn

of the plantation of new plymouth. neither shall i suffer the same to be spoken or done but should hinder, oppose, and discover to the governor and assistant governors. i shall faithfully submit on to such good and wholesome laws. as are or shall be made for the ordering and government of the same. excellent. >> and shall endeavor to advance the growth and the good of the plantation, all of which i promise and wear by the name of god of seven. simply, truly, and faithfully to perform as i hope for help from god. who is the god of truth and the punisher of falsehood. excellent, you're now all well reformed members of the community. the civil body is to keep order to advance business to defend the town. the church body may not be everyone in the room. in the 17th century you're not a member of the covenant unless you express your faith in christ and it may be that even though you're attending church, you may not be a member of the church. this is very important to talk about when you're thinking about thomas macy and how

they would call it plymouth, named after an earlier explorer of new england. using the shallop, they began to unload passengers and goods from the mayflower. december 25, christmas day, was not a holiday celebrated by pilgrims, so as bradford wrote, >> on the 25th day of december, they began to erect the first house for common use, to receive them and their goods. ♪ [chopping wood] narrator: plots of ground were measured out for each family. they could waste no time in planning and building their settlement, because it was now winter, and many of them were becoming ill. those who were able kept working to build the houses. but the cold, damp winter weather and the sicknesses they had suffered on their long voyage began to strike them down. >> so as they died, sometimes two or three a day, of 100 on persons, a scarce 50 remained. and of these, there were but six or seven sound persons who spared no pain night or day, but with an abundance of toil and hazard fetched would for the sick, fed them, made their beds, washed their clothes and did all the necessary o

the plymouth colony is a smaller enterprise. it's first, and i think that document, the compact, is very dispositive for things that come later. but, we should remember that. and when we think the pequot war, we speak of things like that. there are different communities engaging with native americans and engaging themselves and the strangers among them in slightly different ways. >> in our closing section, would you like to comment on anything else that we can learn as americans today, from the mayflower compact that perhaps has been overlooked? >> if i may go first, i will try to be very brief. as-the leader to this mayflower compact legacy. i don't want to make too much of it. the women look even at the structure of this document. with a preamble, if you will. they are not exactly we the people, but you know, we the undersigned. and then, a statement of purposes of their journey. and then the creation of that civil body politic. and then a kind of pledge at the end that sort of pledges mutuality. and then the signatories. that

on the shore of plymouth where wilderness greeted the pilgrims. a cheering throng reached the second mayflower. captain vin yards and his men receive a hero's ovation at plymouth. close by plymouth rock where the pilgrims first set foot in the new world, the mayflower ii will be docked permanently, living memorial to a great voyage. ♪ >>> now that the president has signed the coronavirus relief and government funding bill, congress still has work to do this week. they begin in the house today with a vote on whether to override the veto of the $700 billion authorization bill. in his veto message, president trump said he objected to the bill's failure to repeal section 230 which protects companies and the removal of military names on installations. if the veto is successful in the house, it goes to the senate. the senate may also try to raise the relief covid checks from $600 to $2,000. the first votes of the senate are expected tuesday on c-span 2. >>> week nights this month we're featuring american history tv programs as a preview of what's avai

>> "plymouth colony the first : year" is a 1980 coronet education film about the pilgrims and their voyage to new england in 1620. it ends with the depiction of the first thanksgiving in massachusetts. much of the narration is taken from the book "of plymouth plantation," written by william bradford. ♪ [waves churning] ♪ narrator: the time is september in the year 1620. the good ship mayflower is carrying pilgrims across the sea to america. but who were the pilgrims? why did they leave their homes? the answers are hidden history -- are in the history of plymouth plantation, written by william bradford, second governor of the colony. bradford's history begins with religious problems in england, where a new ruler, james the first, became king in 1603. as king, james was also supreme head of the church of england, the official church. but some people objected to the expensive robes and rituals of the church of england. they withdrew from it, and were called separatists. the story of their religious persecution in england, how they became pilgrims, and how they eventually found religious f

the speedwell went back to plymouth. september 6, the mayflower sailed alone. >> they had no friends to welcome them, none to entertain , no hobbies to return to. as for the season, it was winter. they would know the winter of the country, know them to be sharp, violent, besides, what could they see but a hideous and desolate area full of wild beasts and wild men, and what would be of them they knew not. as for themselves, only 35 true pilgrims. the rest, strangers to their faith. and, as the captain had foreseen, this would threaten the very purpose of the pilgrimage. >> an. >> an enter. >> yes, what is it? >> master carver, when we came on this voyage, we understand that your group had a patent from a virginia company to settle in virginia. >> so, we have. >> then command us now, master carver. only simply this, the ship was drawn off course, the land is not virginia, but new england. so, we demand this pilgrimage given to us by god, and you be strangers. >> command us, master carver. >> i say this, the landfall is som

takenf the narration is -- athe book of permission plymouth plantation. it was written by william bradford. ♪ ♪ ♪ >> the time is september in the year 1620. the good ship mayflower is carrying pilgrims across the sea to america. who were the pilgrims? why did they leave their homes? the answer is in the history of the plymouth plantation, written by william bradford, second governor of the colony. bradford's history against with -- begins with religious problems in england when james the first became king in 1603. as king, james was also supreme head of the church of england, the official church, but some people objected to the expensive robes and rituals of the church of england. they withdrew from it and they were called separatists. the story of their religious persecution in england, how they became pilgrims and how they found religious freedom was recorded by william bradford. >> therefore, the lord's free people joined themselves into a church or state. they were from various towns and villages. after they had continued together for about a ye

plymouth colony is a smaller enterprise. it is first in i think that document that compact is very dispositive of thing that s that come later. we should remember that. we speak of the peaquat war. they are engaging americans and engaging themselves and strangers among them in slightly different ways. >> and our closing section, would you like to comment on anything else that we can learn as americans today from the mayflower compact that perhaps has been overlooked? >> well, if i may go first, i will try to be brief. i have alluded to this legacy of the mayflower compact and i don't want to make too much of it, but when we look at the structure of this document, with a preamble, if you will, not exactly we the people, but, we the undersigned and then a statement of purposes of their journey, and then the creation of that civil body politic. and then a kind of pledge at the end, sort of pledge of mutuality. and then the signatories. that should look familiar to americans even today, right? that looks like the declaration of

and no one from plymouth returns aboard her. she arrives in england in the middle of may. much to the distress of the merchants, she returns utterly empty with nothing to compensate them for the investment they've made. i can't even imagine what the first winter was like. 102 passengers arrive in november, and by the end of february half of them are gone. and we know from the writings of william bradford and edward winslow that there were times in february when two and three a day were dying. their houses were incomplete, so imagine simple little houses that are clapboarded on the outside. and for some insulation there's 2 or 3 inches of clay that are standing within a lave and people are watching that just wash away. so imagine the sickness, the death and houses literally melting in the winter weather. they set their seed in february because february comes beautifully like an english february. they didn't know it would be followed by a brutal new england march. the native people come to them late in march, and this is the first time they've seen each other and they've mot

what he thinks are private concerns about the plymouth colony government and the plymouth the colony churches are put in print and come back to boston and he is now caught his own words. this is what he says. and conditionte of things among us, it is said. and like so to continue. the anti-christian persecuting is very active and in the powers of this world, he that will not whip, lash and persecute men that differ in matters of religion much -- must not sit on the bench to sustain any office in the commonwealth. i was called before the court and so i signified to the court i was no quaker. but must bear my testimony against things they held, an opportunity but with all i told them as i was no quaker. i would be no persecutor. he speaking these words, lost all social standing whatsoever. not only had he called people into talk so that he could learn of them. one night in the middle of a blizzard, two elderly quakers who had been banished from boston and were trying to get to , because thee natives were very protective of them they appeared at his home in the middle of a blizzard and

>>> plymouth colony, the first year is a 1980 educational film dramatizing the pilgrimage from england to holland. it ends with a depiction of the first thanksgiving in massachusetts. much of the narration is taken from the book "of plymouth plantation" written by pilgrim william bradford. ♪ ♪ >>> the time is september in the year 1620. the good ship mayflower is carrying pilgrims across the sea to america. but who were the pilgrims? why did they leave their homes? the answers are on the plantation written by william bradford. a new ruler, james i game kibecg in 1603. as king, james was also the supreme head of the church of england. the official church, but some people objected to the expensive ro robes and rituals of the church of england. they withdrew from it and were called separatists. the story of their religious persecution, how they became pilgrims, and how they found religious freedom was all recorded by william bradford. >> the free people join themselves into a church state. ♪ there were various towns and villages, nottinghamshire, england. after they continued togeth

but when we look at what happened at plymouth, something quite different occurred. the ship was about half full of the people that we call the pilgrims. they were religious congregants, from the church of england. the other half were sailers and people the pilgrims called strangers, secular british people who were on their way to virginia in order to become farmers and tradesman. because their ship was blown off course and came to what was the wilderness of massachusetts, a lot of dissension broke out. they said we are no longer bound by the contracts we signed. we are going to be free and independence agents and do what we want. whereas the where issing community were concerned that an anarchy would break out, so before they landed, the strangers and pilgrims came together and brought together in what that they feared to be a brutal winter and indian attacks. they decided they better cooperate. they put their wish to cooperate together in about a 200-word document and that document is what we call the mayflower compact. it did several things that were in a way brea

took his head back to plymouth and put it on a post. what are they going to do with his wife and kids? a lot of these people were sold as slaves. a lot of these people were sold down to bermuda. one of the islands down there. andthose people still have their cultural identity. they know who they are. we as wampanoag go down and visit them. july 4th weekend, if you are around. it is kind of cool. moving forward to what happened here. there is a large population of 400 or so people in nantucket. in 1764, they wiped outtwo- thirds of the population. what happened to these people afterwards? a lot of people might have taken off to martha's vineyard. people were spread out. a lot of people say, if it was not recorded, it's not true. if it is not written down, it is not true. so that happened. you guys heard of president jackson? yes. 1830, he wanted to remove all native people, west of the mississippi. oklahoma was one of the states. those agents came around here, too. they wanted us out west in oklahoma. and there was one non-native voice t

put back to plymouth. september the 6th, ad 1620. the mayflower sales alone. ♪ ♪ ♪ >> they had no friends to welcome them. nor inns to entertain, no houses or much less tarps, as for the season, it was winter. they that know the winters of the company know them to be sharp, violent. besides, what could they see but a hideous and decembsolite wilderness full of wild beasts and wild men? and what multitudes there might be of them they knew not. as for themselves, they numbered 102 souls. only 35 true pilgrims. the rest strangers to their faith. as captain standish had foreseen, this was to threaten the very purpose of the pilgrimage. >> enter. >> master, these men have a grievance. >> yes, what is it? >> master carver, when we came on this voyage we understood that you had a patent from the virginia company to settle in virginia. >> so we have. >> command us now, master carver -- >> what is your meaning? >> our meaning is simply this, this ship was blown off course. that land out there is not virginia, but new england. >> and? >>

before that it was referred to as an agreement between new plymouth settlers. the pilgrims were a group of religious persons in england who do not believe they could correctly practice christianity within the state sanctioned church of england. unwilling to follow the law, they fled to the netherlands in 1610. they made an agreement with merchants in london from the new england northern virginia company for a colony in the new world which would be built in the area of the hudson river. the pilgrims returned briefly to england and set sail quickly on the mayflower to america. the passengers on the ship were comprised of both pilgrims and a good number of others, mergers --merchants and adventurers seeking to settle in the new world. their voyage brought them to america, but they had been blown off course and found themselves with few provisions now in bay, willn cape cod north of the boundary of the northern virginia company. their plan was to set up a colony there, but immediately there was difficulties. they were not where they were supposed to be. friction gr

they arrive in what is called -- finally settle in plymouth, what is plymouth today, december 1620. they had a really bad year that winter. a lot of people died. from what i hear, february was the deadliest month. but they were building their homes, staying on the "mayflower." they settled there because it was good water, it was cleared out already. so massaquoi two days walk away four miles west of plymouth, pfister island today, he heard about these people building homes. one thing we're used to, we're always used to people coming over -- europeans coming over here, the only thing we weren't used to people coming over and staying, okay. that was different. what made these people different is they brought their women and children and that might have meant a friendlier type of people. still, massaquoi didn't know. he probably called over samoset, hey, samoset, come here. you know how to speak english, right? of course, yeah. go to these people and find out why people are building their homes. massaquoi was a leader. he wasn't dumb. he's thinking this guy is considered to be a sag am

many of it is taken from the book of plymouth plan

many of it is taken from the book of plymouth plan station. >> the time is september in 1620. they are carrying across the sea to america. who were the pilgrims. the answers are on the plantation written by william bradford. a new ruler, james the 1st, became king in 1603. but some people objected to the expensive robes and rituals of the church of england. they withdrew and were called sprattists. the story of their religious persecution, how they became pilgrims, and how they found religious freedom was all recorded. >> they join themselves into a church state. they were various towns and villages. after they continued together for about a year they saw they could no longer continue. so they resolved to go to holland that was in 1607 and 1608. >> the sprattists would leave england to find freedom in holland. >> to leave their native country, all of their friends and familiar acquaintances were as much. >> about 125 separatists reached holland, the netherlands. they is a sow many cities. there are different manners and customs. so it seemed they were coming to a new world. yo

and it's almost impossible these days to talk about the pilgrims at plymouth colony without arousing the response that the date that americans were here first. well, of course, they were. before that, many other native-american peoples had formed into empires or alliances, the league was created 300 years earlier than the aztecs had been defeated in north and south america. people came and went under sometimes bloody and cruel world. but those histories, as important as they are, are not histories of the united states and they have very little to do what became the united states. so then when we turn our attention to those things that stirred into life the traditions, the ideals that became the basis for the declaration of independence in 1776, we have to think about what actually was created. what was created when the white lion brought african slaves to jamestown? well, hardly anything at all. the slaves were turned into servants and a few years released and some of them prospered actual american slavery as we know it from the 19th century began a good deal later than that. >> but

they arrive and what is called in plymouth what it's called today. they had a really bad year, that winter, a lot of people died. february was the deadliest month. they were building the home staying in the mayflower. they settled it because it was cleared out already. two days away 40 miles west of plymouth, he heard about these people building homes. one thing we were not used to, we are always used to europeans coming over, we were used to them coming over and staying. what made these people different is that they brought their women and children. but he didn't know. so we said, you know how to speak english right? why don't you go and find out why these people are building their homes. he was probably thinking, well he's a sagamore chief to but he can speak english, and he's not one of my men, so i don't know what's gonna happen to him. 16 21, saga zach walks into the pogrom village. they considered him to be naked. he didn't have this much clothing as this guy does. just out on a cloth. he goes in, welcome englishman in their own language, which

they were stopped in the town of plymouth. i want you to imagine three fingers, long rods bound together the width of the human finger. william brand, an elderly man, was whipped 10 times with those three rods bound together. copeland,r man, john was bound, was beaten with six rods bound together 22 times in the chest, 22 times in the back. they were sent out into the storm bleeding after the beating. this was the kind of horror that was witnessed. we know of the fact jane could worth lost his children to the quakers because his teenaged daughter married in secret without telling him, to another quaker teenager. they were arrested, because they had stood for a quaker and exchanged vows, and there was no civil authority on that. civil marriage started in plymouth colony in 1620. there was no ministerial marriage at any point. it was all to people with legal witnesses before a magistrate. cell,has to go to a jail where his teenage daughter has been placed after illegal marriage, and must convince her to get married before a magi

in 1620, the mayflower traveled from plymouth, england to america, and the pilgrim settled the plymouth colony on the coast of massachusetts. we talked to robert stone about the virtual mayflower project, which uses virtual reality to re-create the ship and the harbor from which it set sail. using avatars and 360 degree images of the virtual world, professor stone describes what life

virtual reality to re-create the ship and plymouth england harbor from which it set sail. watch wednesday, beginning at 8 p.m. eastern and enjoy american history tv every weekend on c-span 3. >> you are watching american history tv every weekend on c-span 3, explore our nation's path, american history tv on c-span 3, created by cable television companies and provide american history tv to viewers as a public service. >> at an event hosted by the heritage foundation, participants look at the compact. the panelists discuss the basis for these laws and relationship to america's founding documents. the heritage foundation provided the video for this event. >> in today's event we and our distinguishing guest will talk about the mayflower compact and the foundations of the rule of law. in 1661 the philosopher thomas hobbs offered the theory of the social contract. he saw it as a political community in which all of its members submitted itselves to an absolute sovereign in exchange for their security. a generation before hobbs, however, the pilgrims at cape cod had drafted their

the landing of the may flower in 1620 in plymouth, massachusetts. this event has long been celebrated as the first founding, which is an argument that was first put forward by john quincy adams in 1802 and then taken up by daniel webster on the 200-year anniversary. and it is also to be found or at least the thesis of it in one of the most famous books ever written about our tradition. the first founders and it spends many, many pages discussing what they contribute d to the formation of the american character. it's where this landing took place. contrary to what so many thought, there were already a good deal of things taking place on the coast of new england with europeans involved. jamestown had been settled to the south 13 years earlier in 1607. saints augusta to the first south was established by the spanish in 1665 and the ro noek island was establish ed in nort carolina in 1595. at the same time without a full settlement, there were traders up and down the coast active on the shores and they had to count their many indians, not always in a fr

join the discussion to trace the true origins of pro market thinking from the economic structures of plymouth and to discover the influence on modern day property rights and economic liberty, i want to introduce you to paul winfrey who will moderate the panel. paul is the director of the thomas a. row institute for dmek policy studies at the heritage foundation. prior to returning to heritage, paul served as the deputy assistant to the president for domestic policy. he was also the deputy director of the domestic policy council and the director of budget policy. all at the white house. paul also chaired the deputies committee that oversaw the execution of all domestic policy at the deputy secretary level throughout the entire administration as well as interagency policy coordination. paul led the team responsible for the office of management and budget. at the white house, paul was responsible for develop and executing the president's executive order to establish a comprehensive plan for reorganizing the executive branch. ladies and gentlemen, please welcome your moderator, paul winfrey. >> t

plymouth. not that there's anything wrong with plymouth. but they had to drink beer. they could not drink the water. so the way you drink water, they drink beer. if there's any possible thing that they may have needed to do with a clear, head that was already difficult for them. anyway, that is not the point of this paragraph. sorry. for brad ford, the pilgrims story was parallel to the biblical story of exodus. new world is -- finally found there cain. bradford's view of history, like many of his companions on the mayflower, was entirely shaped by his knowledge of the king james bible old testament. which had been completed just a few years earlier. every seat was the red sea. every voyage was the voyage of the israel lights. every hardship is biblical. bradford's worldview made him an effective leader and recently in seoul. whatever happened to the pilgrims, happened in a larger and spiritual context overseen by in erratic but loving god. this was a controlled idea which he saw, understood and wrote about everything. bradford cook history, personally. modern history

so, patients have come both to plymouth and to bristol from kent. there's been a small number of patients transferred around the country very long distances to enable them to receive intensive care. so, patients have come both to plymouth and to bristol from kent. the end of a nearly 50—year partnership — the uk leaves the trading bloc of the eu at 11pm tonight. the delay to the return of secondary schools in england will be as "short as possible" say government ministers. at midnight tonight, another 20 million people in england will go into tier 4, the highest level of covid restrictions. hello, i'm olly foster, these are our final sportsday headlines of 2020. king of the track and now knight of the realm. that caps a remarkable year for sir lewis hamilton. farewll to the doc. the former manchester united and scotland maanger who has died at the age of 92. and on new year's eve, we look ahead to what we all hope and a look back at at the year that brought the greatest challenges. we will look back at the moments that stand out in 2021. hello t