on jim baker. i'm getting one of those bakers all the bakers now. there's no relationship is there. no relationship. so what demon drove you on? what demon drove us on well, thank you kai, and thank you to everyone for coming out today. it's really wonderful to be with you and especially someone who really knows what a biography is meant to be. i would say they're two different answers to that question because i can interpret it as what demon led us to spend seven years on the book versus what demon led us to write any book in any way and i have slightly different answers because actually we never intended of course as no one ever does to spend so long on this project and that definitely was a consequence of shall we say certain unpleasant recent events in the capital that left us otherwise engaged, but i will say speaking for myself if you're going to do something as all consuming as a book project like this one and a biography that's also the story of washington itself in many ways from you know in a period of time from the end of watergate really to the end of the cold war. i gue

sign was very that are at baker to not do more. a and to know where it moves in the day that george w. bush dies and was standing there and then rubbing his feet. and that has different than the modern times. and not the political animal in texas. and then he has been brought toan washington. and then brought into the white house. and to call it the sh it detector. is that a good description? and his cousin said and that became the cover of time magazine. and the smooth fixer and then incredibly hard-nosed. and the very partisan things that he a did. and then to be ultracompetitive. that almost a compulsive thing. and then proclaiming himself and that's part of his wiring. and then there was a route to success that goes through making deals. and that george w. bush was president democrats controlled at least one house of congress. and baker understood that dealmaking and then dealing with soviets that margaret thatcher was as big of an obstacle and then is at the moment? and then they say we need jim baker they are just fundamental

said i gave it to baker and baker said he's lying. it matters so much that nobody remembers this at all when we were interviewing him his wife said that was the most , second wife susan baker who still with him today, married for 50 years, wonderful person. said that the most painful things she ever saw him deal with where the death of a grandchild and this briefing room case even though nobody remembers or cares for thanks much it one way or another because it matters to him that he not be. >> that a great example because it tells you so much about who he was in politics that this was again a little of an act of rebellion for him even to be in washington. you raise the 1988 campaign and is important to think about baker as a partisan actor as well and not just his place in washington today as this sort of effexor who made washington work at a atime when we all say washington doesn't work anymore it was a very sharp elbow partisan and he and george hw bush had a view of politics in a way, maybe this is the position in both of them hum

>> one of the bakers. >> all of the bakers. now there's no relationship, , s there? >> no relationship. >> so what demon drove you on?y >> while, thank you, kai thank you to everyone for coming out today. it's really wonderful to be with you, and especially someone who really knows what a biography is meant to be. i would say there are two different answers to the question because i can interpret it as what demon let us to spend seven years on the book versus what demon let us write an e-book. anyway i've a slightly different answer. a because actually we never intended of course as no one ever does to spend so long on this project and that definitely was a consequence of show we safe certain unpleasant recent events in the capital that left us otherwise engaged. .. as all consuming as a book project like this one and a biography that's also the story of washington itself in many ways from you know in a period of time from the end of watergate really to the end of the cold war. i guess my national was we better do this together because otherwis >> we better because o

baker was very pragmatic. he comes then to run the campaign only at the convention >> to rescue. >> absolutely. they understood the only railway for bush to win he was down 17 points at the convention. this is a pragmatic decision and what happened after the election is quite instructive about what a different moment it is. he's appointed secretary of state in the very first appointment of bush makes and within weeks you sitting down with democrats and sitting down with the democratic speaker of the house and they are planning how they are going to basically and the american support from the contra war. b incredibly does cite -- decisive issue somewhere that most polarizing foreign-policy issues of the entire reagan presidency taken off the table. jimmy carter helped as well as jim ride to take it off the table and that's literally within weeks of him absolutely eviscerating the democratic nominee. >> he was politically. he could use common sense to get a deal done. he wasn't an extremist on policy and he coul

it to baker or baker gave itng to me. he says he is lying and it matters so much.ew today nobody remembers at all when we were interviewing him his wife said that was, -- second life still with him today, married 40 or 50 years, wonderful person. said the two most painful things she ever saw him deal with was the death of a grandchild and this briefing book paper evenho though again nobody today remembers or cares or thinks of it one way or another but it mattered so much to him he not be thought of that way. >> that's a great example because it tells you so much about who he was in politics and that again it was a an act of rebellion for him even to be in washington but you read the campaign and it's important to think about baker as a partisan actor as well and not just his place in washington today as the fixer that made washington work at a time we all say washington doesn't workas anymore but he ws a very sharp elbowed partisan and he and george hw bush did haveri a view of politics in a y and maybe this is the patri

constance baker motley emerged as one of the most respected lawyers in america. a story in the "new york times" titled "integration's advocate" captured the professional height to which motley had soared. i am quoting arc tall striking woman with piercing dark eyes is almost always in the courtroom in the eye of hurricane surrounding the struggle for civil rights in the south. motley's fight to desegregate ol' miss brought her public esteem and professional success, along with devastating loss and profound pain. thank you. >> thank you, dean. and, again, welcome everyone. full disclosure, dean -- and this is how people i want you to know, believe me, that's from page 176, that is the exact excerpt i have chosen -- i have got it highlighted. >> okay. >> that is the exact excerpt that i was going to reference. well, how about that. again, welcome, everyone. you know, one of my favorite quotes from an extraordinary person, dean, is ida b. wells from her autobiography, there must always be a remedy for wrong and injustice f we only know how to find it. that's attendi

who — support in his own party but steve baker who called for him to go today is not _ baker who called for him to go today is not one _ baker who called for him to go today is not one of the usual critics, he supported — is not one of the usual critics, he supported mrjohnson for the leadership, and if you cast your mind _ leadership, and if you cast your mind back— leadership, and if you cast your mind back a few weeks ago his leadership seemed potentially in peril and — leadership seemed potentially in peril and that had appeared to subside, — peril and that had appeared to subside, the tension had moved on to the war~ _ subside, the tension had moved on to the war~ he _ subside, the tension had moved onto the war~ he is— subside, the tension had moved on to the war. he is in india seeking to move _ the war. he is in india seeking to move things on. but the focus now is squarely— move things on. but the focus now is squarely back on this issue and today— squarely back on this issue and today there was that big u—turn. this morning a minister saying the plan was _ this

, when she decided on training to become a baker instead of college. lisa had to overcome lots of objections from those close to her, but she stayed the course. it's a wonderful profession and definitely under appreciated of in the far too few people are learning it. and to few women, i'm so happened to have landed here when she learned her trade in a sh, spelled bakery in berlin, but she prefers working with ry here. lisa is making a typically german ride, bragged she needs these ingredients right? flower, wheat, flour, water, sourdough, salt, east, and flavoring. the foundation for a good rye bread is the sour dough, and that needs thorough preparation. comes out it's sour dough. it's always important that it's already written nicely, as you can tell by these fine pores that form that there's a lot of activity in it is. the sour dough is mixed with flour and yeast and salt added. then it goes into the needing machine and water is added. first, the dough is needed slowly, then picks up speed. then it's portion doubt weighed precisely and then rolled i

no one ever would have heard of constance baker monthly. she said so and and he said of her that connie just walked in and took over meaning she litigated, you know hundreds of cases for the naacp legal defense fun and developed a reputation as an excellent lawyer particularly on cross examining and segregationist who just were not accustomed at all to being questioned by a black person. certainly not a black woman and months at marshall supported her career and was there with her including on the day that she was sworn in as the first black woman to have a on the federal judiciary? and we should this is probably a good time to talk about lyndon johnson president johnson and that moved and the feedback if you want to call it that that president johnson received some very let's just call it what it is hateful and and racist responses to to what he is what he had done and you you laid it out in the book and into 2022 we think about and we read about it. oh, yeah that that happened but in that moment we're talking about in the 60s here and and

the life of a baker can be an arduous one. but for lisa sophie, shirts, and berlin, it's her dream job for ingredients are yeast, flour and sour dough. baking bread is berliner liza sophie should says, great passion as which was i'd say that i have a fine sense for it, especially does i consent? exactly how they're coming along. almost you have to get acquainted with dough and learn recipes to know how they work and what they feel like. and the reasons for that fine sense has even helped elisa sophie schultz when the title of world champion of young bakers. when she decided on training to become a baker instead of college, lisa had to overcome lots of objections from those close to her. but she stayed the course. it's a wonderful profession and definitely under appreciate it of, in the far too few people are learning it and to few women. i'm so happened to have landed here when she learned her trade in a spelled bakery in berlin, but she prefers working with ry here. lisa is making a typically german rye bread. she needs these

jim baker went to george h.w. bush and said there is currently no more foreign policy problem more deserving of your attention. the soviet union is broken up. another one of the surprises in my research was what a huge flip that caused inside the bush presidency. secretary of defense dick cheney said this is the greatest thing ever. instead of one arsenal, we have an arsenal broken up between four countries. we should break up the soviet union into the tiniest possible pieces, and secretary jim baker said that is exactly wrong. this is more dangerous. we need to do everything possible to consolidate that arsenal inside russia. he went to bush and convinced bush that he was right, so baker started working with russia to convince them to denuclearize. as this is happening in 1992 president bush loses his reelection campaign. president clinton sees that he has got ukraine, is country is becoming a market economy, and he says both publicly and privately we just raised the cold war line across europe. why should we dra

baker roommates? >> approximately six months, your honor. >> judge judy: did you move in to her home? >> no, your honor. >> judge judy: she moved in to yours, or you moved in together? >> the way that it happened, your honor, was i rented a two-bedroom condo with one of my friends at the time. about three months in, it was determined that we could no longer live together. the romate at thimkind ock up his stan toe the full at,e.ble m she came back slightly later and said, "i have a friend --" the friend was ms. shelly baker -- "who needs a place to stay, and if you allow ms. baker to live with you, then you can resume paying the normal rent amount. >> judge judy: why did you need a place to stay? >> i was in between homes. i was actually homeless for about seven da

first of all, lyndon johnson was so proud to have appointed constance baker motley to the bench. he vetted her comprehensively. talked to all of the civil rights establishment. talked to some of the judges who had heard her argue. even supreme court justices and others in the federal government. people thought very highly of her. at the same time, there was pushback after the appointment, after she was sworn in and along the way. there were some who said -- i'm talking about white liberals in new york who said that her practice experience as a civil rights lawyer was too narrow for the federal district court. you have to note that the district court that she joined in manhattan was nations -- and still is the nation's most prestigious. the judges hear a lot of financial litigation. there were those who thought that she wasn't suitable. after she was appointed, some people did write in to lyndon johnson and say that, why did you do this? the bench has been preserved for legal scholars and people who are well-known. i quote -- it's the last sentence of the chapter -- the administra

tom baker, ktvu fox two news. while

every single one of them was a baker. every single one came to america and opened bakeries. >> reporter: this bread made of flour, hints of honey, brown sugar, salt, yeast to rise honors more than just the catholic faith. it braids together in an italian sweet bread. >> you flip it this way. >> reporter: to incorporate pass over and easter. >> when it comes down to it, it was really about family, about being together, about love. >> reporter: for franc who did not take baking on a career himself, creating this bread is a large part of his heart. >> i am a baker, my father, grandfather was a baker. it's not only a profession. it's a lifestyle, you know. it's the kind of thing we would sleep during the day and bake all night long. nice! >> reporter: while each family has their own secrets and styles to recipes. >> do it like this. then you roll it like that. >> reporter: now you are just showing off. >> i am, totally. there you go. >> reporter: give me some pasta flour and this will be a different game fra nc. >> reporter:

interesting that steve baker who came _ interesting that steve baker who came out — interesting that steve baker who came out very strongly today saying the prime _ came out very strongly today saying the prime minister should resign is of course _ the prime minister should resign is of course in — the prime minister should resign is of course in atch brexiteer. the brexiteers _ of course in atch brexiteer. the brexiteers are turning on boris johnson — brexiteers are turning on boris johnson now. this story in the financial— johnson now. this story in the financial times is a story that number— financial times is a story that number ten financial times is a story that numberten may financial times is a story that number ten may not be threatening to shred _ number ten may not be threatening to shred the _ number ten may not be threatening to shred the brexit trade deal with eight _ shred the brexit trade deal with eight new northern ireland bill. the is sources— eight new northern ireland bill. the is sources saying both borisjohnson and liz— is sources saying both borisj

. >> in the baker institute? >> and the history department. >> but you have said i have seen in many interviews that you are center left politically. >> yeah. >> what are you doing in the james a. baker iii institute? >> i have a lot of -- first off, james baker is an incredible person. i was telling you about dean atchison and paul nitz. i think secretaries of state, george schultz and james baker iii are outstanding secretaries of state. they were just outstanding. and baker and i got along well. get along well. >> how did you meet him? how did you get into this? >> i went -- let me see. it really was more about the rice university recruiting me, the president, david lebron wanted me in the history department. but in order to get the proper position, they wanted me to double -- be history and in their public policy center. which was named after secretary baker. bush 41 was living there. by rice in houston. so the public policy center, he would bring in world leaders all the time. it's astounding these young peo

you're in the baker institute. yeah part of it and the history department and the history department, but you have said i've seen him many interviews say that you are center left politically. yeah, what are you doing in the james a baker? the third institute oh, you know. have a lot of well first off james baker's an incredible. person to talk to i was telling you about dean acheson and paul knits. i mean, i think as as secretaries of state george schultz. and james baker the third or outstanding secretaries of state. they were just outstanding and and baker and i got along well got along medium. how did you get into? um, i went let me see. so the it really was more about the rice university recruiting me the president david lebron and wanted me in the history department, but in order to get the proper position, they wanted me to double, you know be a history and in their public policy center, which was is named after secretary baker bush 41 was living there by rice in houston. and so the public policy center bake

every single one of them was a baker. every single one of them came to america and opened a bakery. >> reporter: this bread made with flour, hints of honey, brown sugar, salt and of course yeast to rise also represents and honors more than just the catholic faith. it braids together a jewish bread and italian sweetbread. to incorporate both passover and easter. spoke when it comes down to it, it is really about family and being together and love to >> reporter: frank did not take taking on as a career himself, creating the spread is a large part of his heart. >> i am a baker. my grandfather was a baker. it just was, it's not only a profession. it is a lifestyle. you know? the kind of thing where we would sleep during the day and bake on a long. talk about each family has their own secrets and styles and recipes -- >> you are like this? then like that? >> do you are just showing up it was but i am. >> there you go. >> it may some pasta flour food and this will be different. >> reporter: setting the table for those we love

especially with master baker ludovic ship one. i hope he opens a baker here in berlin. now we're off to northern spain. when i take a trip to new city, i like to plan a few things in advance. but would i have more fun if i left up to chance? well, that's what i reporter did in bol bow. she asked the locals to points her in the right direction to get the best i to her trip. his bill bo is the largest city of the best country in north, in the spain. it attracts visitors with art culture and calling the retreat some 350000 people live here. but what do we get to think if we do things to chance? don't ask the locals for recommendations. for what you can't miss and build bow is a visit to the guggenheim museum, or for argue the address for the architecture is spectacular, and very different from other museums here. or what eminent and temporary exhibitions are great, and what i'll ask is on monday, if you guys 1st stopped, then the guggenheim museum in the city center. the building was designed by world famous architect, frank gehry, in 1993 visitors are greeted by a 12 mete

briefly that not one inch is a reference to a comment made by james baker as many of you may know as part of speculative hypothetical discussions about how to unify germany in the wake of the unexpected opening of the berlin wall. it was clear that germans wanted to unify but the problem for that was that the unconditional nazi surrender of 1945 was just that, unconditional. it meant that still in 1989-1990 the soviet union had extensive legal rights over all of germany and at 380,000 troops there. and so the question was what with the leader lastly to the soviet union mikhail gorbachev, what would he want to give up, both those rights and those troops? as part of an early hypothetical speculative discussion, the u.s. secretary of state james baker said to mikhail gorbachev something to the effect of, i'm paraphrasing but the exact quotation is in my book united states, james baker said how about this, how about you let your half of germany go and we agree that nato will move not one inch eastward? gorbachev said something to the extent of, that sounds good, certainly nato should not

you can do this. >> baker: now, you said that you've been having some memories. do you remember who shot you? >> steffy: i'm starting to remember. ♪♪

secretary of state, james baker said something to the effect of i'm paraphrasing the x-acto education is in my book not 1 inch but how about this you let your half of germany go and we agreed that nato will move not 1 inch eastward rick gorbachev said something to the extent of that sounds good certainly nato should not move eastward but nothing formal result when baker gets home for that visit to moscow to washington to talk to his old friend and boss president george h.w. bush president bush basically says you lean too far forward over your skis i think nato should not only persist but its ability to enlarge and process it's been expanding since the 50s we are across the cold war frontline which run to the front line of germany but not the least of made ofne does not move 1 inch eastward than half of united germany will be outside of nato will have a country of half and half at that does not make any sense and other complications. as artists in earlyon speculatie discussion of nato's role in eastern and central europe against speculative butop it is their agency the record i documen

baker the third institute. >> i have a lot of -- first off, james baker is an incredible person. and james baker iii are outstanding secretaries of state they were just outstanding. and baker and i got along well. i went it was about the rice university recruiting me. the president wanted me in the history department, but in order to get the proper position, they wanted me to be in their public policy center. which was named after secretary baker. bush 41 was living there. so the public policy center, he would bring in world leaders all the time. he is outstanding these young people get to meet everybody. i'm talking across the board current world leaders with somebody prime minister of japan comes to washington. they might end up giving a talk for james baker on campus and students get to interact. it's pretty special. and baker had written me letters of recommendation for things this life and the like, and they call him bake. but if you're going to do the right biography of him, i would title it "the velvet hammer", because that's really what he is. he's very skiend and warm. i

secretary of state james baker told soviet leader kyle gorbachev that nato would not expand eastward, not one inch -- mikhail gorbachev. vladimir putin used those words to suggest that the united states and nato were not interested in peace and could not be trusted. sunday, a history professor and author of "not one inch" talks about the comment and the impact nato expansion has had on u.s.-russia relations. >> it showed that baker had to write back to allies and apologize for that language. the problem is it took gorbachev a while to say this, and he started pressing to have it in writing, but that is no longer an offer. when push comes to shove and there is actually a treaty negotiated, that treaty specifically allows nato to move across societies. >> you can listen to "q&a" and all of our podcasts on our free c-span now app. listen to c-span radio with our free mobile app, c-span now, get complete access to what is happening in washington wherever you are with live streams of floor proceedings and hearings from u.s. congress. the courts, campaigns, and more, plus analysis from the

secretary of state, james baker told soviet leader mikal gorbachev that nato would not expand eastward, not one inch. in the lead up to the russian invasion of ukraine, vladimir putin used those words to suggest the u.s. and nato were not interested in peace and should not be trusted. tonight on "q&a" a history professor and author of "not one inch" talks about the 1990 comment and the impact nato expansion has had on u.s.-russian relations. >> one of the newest documents i found found -- showed baker went right back to allies and said sorry about that language, drop it, we are not going to use it anymore. the problem is it took mikal gorbachev a while to see this and he starts pressing in the summer and fall to get that in writing. but that is no longer on offer. when push comes to shove, when there is actually a treaty negotiated, that treaty explicitly allows nato to move eastward across the former cold war line. >> tonight at 8:00 eastern on c-span's "q&a." you can listen to it and all of our podcasts on our free c-span now app. >> at least six presidents recorded conversations whi