1 00:18:37,000 --> 00:18:42,000 TERNITED DID SOMETHING WRODEDSG 2 00:28:16,000 --> 00:28:20,000 EhS 3 00:28:20,000 --> 00:28:25,000 DESPE PEOP. 4 00:28:27,000 --> 00:28:32,000 GREAT ATROCITIES WE COPBEdS EUL 5 00:29:00,000 --> 00:29:05,000 THE BURMESE DID MANY, MANY VERYI 6 00:29:06,000 --> 00:29:11,000 IS PROBAY E MOST BRUTAL, 7 00:29:12,000 --> 00:29:13,000 WA WHI IS THE U.S.-BASED 8 00:29:13,000 --> 00:29:18,000 ONE HERE, THE MO 9 00:29:26,000 --> 00:29:31,000 RECENTLY, SHAN STA HgehPBPDG 10 00:29:33,000 --> 00:29:38,000 AR COMPLETY BEKEDEDGS 11 00:29:45,000 --> 00:29:50,000 HEUR BEDPbS KEheDPS 12 00:29:52,000 --> 00:29:57,000 RIVER.hPBKKESE IDHEADPBED 13 00:30:17,000 --> 00:30:18,000 THE E.A. A H OTH CRI 14 00:30:18,000 --> 00:30:23,000 BY BECOMING THE SAVIOR OF HIS ED 15 00:30:37,000 --> 00:30:38,000 THE TARGET OF THE SHAN ATTACK 16 00:30:38,000 --> 00:30:43,000 WAS THE VANGE 17 00:30:44,000 --> 00:30:49,000 MAJOR YOT SERK WAS TO COMMANDheD 18 00:31:08,000 --> 00:31:09,000 OU BUILT UP,NDHE SHA 19 00:31:09,000 --> 00:31:10,000 ATTACKED IN HEAVY RAIN DURING 20 00:31:10,000 --> 00:31:15,000 THE NIGHT. (GUNRE)KQEPS KEie 21 00:31:29,000 --> 00:31:34,000 RELIEVEDBUT DRAINED,Y EDiDhSe 22 00:31:48,000 --> 00:31:49,000 IT LOOKED AS THOH KHUN SA WAS 23 00:31:49,000 --> 00:31:54,000 TRULY LAUNCHED ON THE LONG hPPd 24 00:32:21,000 --> 00:32:26,000 OF TACHILEK. S KKQ 25 00:32:36,000 --> 00:32:41,000 DG 26 00:32:46,000 --> 00:32:47,000 WOULD SOON BE BROUGHT TO THEIR 27 00:32:47,000 --> 00:32:52,000 EES BYAR 28 00:32:59,000 --> 00:33:01,000 KEEPING ANOTHER CARD UP THEIR 29 00:33:01,000 --> 00:33:06,000 ME 30 00:33:08,000 --> 00:33:11,000 E 31 00:33:11,000 --> 00:33:13,000 THE FORM OF OUR OLD FRIEND, THE 32 00:33:13,000 --> 00:33:17,000 FIRST KING OF OPIUM.CEAS 33 00:33:17,000 --> 00:33:19,000 REDUCED TO EIGHT YEARS WHEN HE 34 00:33:19,000 --> 00:33:24,000 WAS RELEASED ON THE ORDERS OFREC 35 00:33:24,000 --> 00:33:29,000 NYUNT.THE BURME WENT ON HELPINGO 36 00:33:31,000 --> 00:33:32,000 HSIN HAN BECOME A SORT OF 37 00:33:32,000 --> 00:33:37,000 GODFATHETO T TIC IGONOFHEA AND . 38 00:33:38,000 --> 00:33:43,000 THERE HE NEGOTIATED A ASE-FIRE 39 00:33:43,000 --> 00:33:48,000 LEADER OF KOKANG'S TRAFFICKERS. 40 00:33:49,000 --> 00:33:50,000 THE DEAL LO HSIN HAN BROKERED 41 00:33:50,000 --> 00:33:52,000 WAS KOKANG'S UNRESTRICTED RIGHT 42 00:33:52,000 --> 00:33:57,000 TO MANUFACTURE AND DISTRIBUTE 43 00:33:57,000 --> 00:33:58,000 FOR THE MORE HIS GROUPS 44 00:33:58,000 --> 00:34:02,000 TRNTROLLED THE NARTICS 45 00:34:02,000 --> 00:34:04,000 ECONOMICALLY THE ENEMY THE 46 00:34:04,000 --> 00:34:09,000 BURMESE COULD NOT DEFEAT 47 00:34:16,000 --> 00:34:21,000 ONE, THE KOKANG AND WA, HEROIN , 48 00:34:23,000 --> 00:34:28,000 THATIO, THAFORCESN E 49 00:34:29,000 --> 00:34:34,000 AYE PE NOT ONLY TOOK THAT GROUP 50 00:34:34,000 --> 00:34:39,000 WERE DESERTING FROM OTHER AREAS 51 00:34:41,000 --> 00:34:43,000 BUT THERE'S NO QUESTION THAT LO 52 00:34:43,000 --> 00:34:48,000 HS HAN W KEYTHECH 53 00:34:50,000 --> 00:34:53,000 THE ECTRNCREIN 54 00:34:53,000 --> 00:34:57,000 KHUN SA'S CAPITAL. 55 00:34:57,000 --> 00:35:00,000 huSa: AKG RM 56 00:35:00,000 --> 00:35:02,000 >> Cowell: WHEN SENIOR OFFICERS 57 00:35:02,000 --> 00:35:03,000 BECAME CRITICAL OF KHUN SA, 58 00:35:03,000 --> 00:35:06,000 SERT, SED AND 59 00:35:06,000 --> 00:35:07,000 CHALLENGED THE SHAN ASSEMBLY 60 00:35:07,000 --> 00:35:12,000 WITH A SPEECH OF RESIGNATION. 61 00:35:33,000 --> 00:35:36,000 >> Cowell: WITH AN IRONIC LAUGH 62 00:35:36,000 --> 00:35:38,000 KING OF OPM SIGNED HIS 63 00:35:38,000 --> 00:35:43,000 EXECUTIVE OFFICES. 64 00:35:45,000 --> 00:35:46,000 AT THE SAME TIME, HE SENT SECRET 65 00:35:46,000 --> 00:35:47,000 EMISSARIES TO THE BURMESE 66 00:35:47,000 --> 00:35:52,000 GOVENT A 67 00:35:57,000 --> 00:35:59,000 AFTER DECADES UNABLE TO ENTER 68 00:35:59,000 --> 00:36:00,000 THIS AREA, THE BURMESE JUST 69 00:36:00,000 --> 00:36:02,000 LKN TO AON 70 00:36:02,000 --> 00:36:07,000 LCOM 71 00:36:12,000 --> 00:36:13,000 SOMBERLY, KHUN SA WAITED TO 72 00:36:13,000 --> 00:36:18,000 GREET THE BURMESE GENERAL. 73 00:36:21,000 --> 00:36:23,000 THE GENERAL HAPROMISED HIM 74 00:36:23,000 --> 00:36:24,000 AMNESTY AND TO CEASE BLOCKADING 75 00:36:24,000 --> 00:36:26,000 HIS TRADE ROUTES FOR NARCOTICS 76 00:36:26,000 --> 00:36:31,000 AND OTHER GOODS. 77 00:36:34,000 --> 00:36:35,000 GRIMLY, THE TROOPS ASSEMBLED FOR 78 00:36:35,000 --> 00:36:37,000 A CEREMONY, TO BE FILMED BY THE 79 00:36:37,000 --> 00:36:39,000 BURMESE GOVERNMENT, WHICH ENDED 80 00:36:39,000 --> 00:36:44,000 ALL PESH INDDENC 81 00:36:47,000 --> 00:36:52,000 ALTOGETHER, 12,000 SURRENDERED. 82 00:36:55,000 --> 00:36:57,000 WITHOUT A SHOT FIRED, BURMESE 83 00:36:57,000 --> 00:36:58,000 OO DOMINATED KHUN 'S 84 00:36:58,000 --> 00:37:03,000 CAPITAL. 85 00:37:12,000 --> 00:37:13,000 >> Cowell: HE PROPOSED KHUN SA'S 86 00:37:13,000 --> 00:37:15,000 ARMY SHOULD BECOME A PRO- 87 00:37:15,000 --> 00:37:16,000 GOVERNMENT MILITIA, LIKE THE 88 00:37:16,000 --> 00:37:18,000 KOKANG AND WA MILITIAS WHICH 89 00:37:18,000 --> 00:37:19,000 CONTROL MOST OF BURMA'S 90 00:37:19,000 --> 00:37:22,000 NARCOTICS. 91 00:37:22,000 --> 00:37:23,000 THUS, BY ABANDONING SHAN 92 00:37:23,000 --> 00:37:25,000 INDEPENDENCE, KHUN SA SECURED 93 00:37:25,000 --> 00:37:26,000 HIS SHARE OF THE NARCOTICS 94 00:37:26,000 --> 00:37:28,000 TRAFFIC AND, POSSIBLY, A 95 00:37:28,000 --> 00:37:33,000 COMFORTABLE RETIREMENT. 96 00:37:33,000 --> 00:37:34,000 >> Nicholas Burns: GIVEN THE 97 00:37:34,000 --> 00:37:35,000 CRIMINAL NOTORIETY OF KHUN SA 98 00:37:35,000 --> 00:37:37,000 AND HIS ORGANIZATION'S EXTENSIVE 99 00:37:37,000 --> 00:37:38,000 INVOLVEMENT IN THE INTERNATIONAL 100 00:37:38,000 --> 00:37:40,000 HEROIN TRADE, WE ARE CONCERNED 101 00:37:40,000 --> 00:37:42,000 THAT THIS APPARENT POLITICAL 102 00:37:42,000 --> 00:37:43,000 AGREEMENT COULD FACILITATE THE 103 00:37:43,000 --> 00:37:45,000 CONTINUED DRUG TRAFFICKING 104 00:37:45,000 --> 00:37:47,000 OPERATIONS OF THE SHAN UNITED 105 00:37:47,000 --> 00:37:49,000 ARMY. 106 00:37:49,000 --> 00:37:50,000 AND, AS YOU KNOW, THIS SUPPLIES 107 00:37:50,000 --> 00:37:51,000 A VERY LARGE AMOUNT OF THE 108 00:37:51,000 --> 00:37:52,000 HEROIN CONSUMED IN THE UNITED 109 00:37:52,000 --> 00:37:54,000 STATES. 110 00:37:54,000 --> 00:37:55,000 SOE ARE CALLING ON THE BURMESE 111 00:37:55,000 --> 00:37:56,000 GOVERNMENT TO TURN KHUN SA OVER 112 00:37:56,000 --> 00:37:58,000 TO THE UNITED STATES 113 00:37:58,000 --> 00:37:59,000 AUTHORITIES. 114 00:37:59,000 --> 00:38:01,000 BECAUSE HE IS A DRUG LORD, HE 115 00:38:01,000 --> 00:38:02,000 SHOULD BE PROSECUTED IN THE 116 00:38:02,000 --> 00:38:03,000 UNITED STATES COURT ON NARCOTICS 117 00:38:03,000 --> 00:38:08,000 CHARGES. 118 00:38:21,000 --> 00:38:22,000 >> Ferrarone: WE'D LOVE TO GET 119 00:38:22,000 --> 00:38:23,000 OUR HANDS ON KHUN SA, AND HE 120 00:38:23,000 --> 00:38:25,000 NEEDS TO GO TO JAIL. 121 00:38:25,000 --> 00:38:27,000 HE'S A CROOK, HE'S A LIAR, AND 122 00:38:27,000 --> 00:38:30,000 HE'S A KILLER. 123 00:38:30,000 --> 00:38:31,000 AND HE'S CAUSED THE DEATH OF 124 00:38:31,000 --> 00:38:34,000 THOUSANDS OF PEOPLE IN THE 125 00:38:34,000 --> 00:38:35,000 UNITED STATES OVER A 30-YEAR 126 00:38:35,000 --> 00:38:38,000 PERIOD. 127 00:38:38,000 --> 00:38:39,000 RATHER THAN PUT HIM IN A MANSION 128 00:38:39,000 --> 00:38:40,000 IN RANGOON, WE HAVE A LITTLE 129 00:38:40,000 --> 00:38:42,000 ROOM FOR HIM IN THE EASTERN 130 00:38:42,000 --> 00:38:44,000 DISTRICT IN BROOKLYN WAITING FOR 131 00:38:44,000 --> 00:38:46,000 HIM. 132 00:38:46,000 --> 00:38:48,000 IT'S GOT HIS NAME ON IT. 133 00:38:48,000 --> 00:38:49,000 >> Cowell: IF ALL THIS RESOLVES 134 00:38:49,000 --> 00:38:51,000 THE ENIGMA OF KHUN SA, IT DOES 135 00:38:51,000 --> 00:38:52,000 LITTLE TO SOLVE THE OPIUM 136 00:38:52,000 --> 00:38:55,000 PROBLEM. 137 00:38:55,000 --> 00:38:56,000 AND KHUN SA WAS HIS CRYPTIC SELF 138 00:38:56,000 --> 00:38:58,000 WHEN I SUGGESTED THE D.E.A. WAS 139 00:38:58,000 --> 00:39:00,000 CHASING HIM ROUND IN CIRCLES, 140 00:39:00,000 --> 00:39:05,000 LIKE THE MUSIC BOX ON HIS TABLE. 141 00:39:26,000 --> 00:39:29,000 (MUSIC BOX PLAYING) 142 00:39:29,000 --> 00:39:30,000 >> Cowell: THE WAR ON DRUGS IS A 143 00:39:30,000 --> 00:39:32,000 CEASELESS MERRY-GO-ROUND, AS THE 144 00:39:32,000 --> 00:39:33,000 HISTORY OF THE KINGS OF OPIUM 145 00:39:33,000 --> 00:39:35,000 REVEALS OVER AND OVER AGAIN, TO 146 00:39:35,000 --> 00:39:38,000 THE IMMENSE PROFIT OF EVERYONE 147 00:39:38,000 --> 00:39:40,000 ON BOARD AND TO THE INTENSE 148 00:39:40,000 --> 00:39:42,000 SUFFERING OF THE ADDICTS AND THE 149 00:39:42,000 --> 00:39:47,000 SHAN PEOPLE. 150 00:39:48,000 --> 00:39:49,000 KHUN SA WAS AN INTELLIGENT MAN 151 00:39:49,000 --> 00:39:53,000 WHO HAD THE COURAGE TO USE 152 00:39:53,000 --> 00:39:58,000 POWER. 153 00:39:58,000 --> 00:40:00,000 HE MAY HAVE USED IT WRONGFULLY, 154 00:40:00,000 --> 00:40:02,000 BUT HE WAS SOMEONE WHO CAME FROM 155 00:40:02,000 --> 00:40:05,000 MORE OR LESS NOWHERE, SAW THAT 156 00:40:05,000 --> 00:40:07,000 THE SECRET TO THIS GUERRILLA WAR 157 00:40:07,000 --> 00:40:09,000 WAS TO BUILD UP THE ECONOMIC 158 00:40:09,000 --> 00:40:11,000 RESOURCES TO PUT INTO A MAJOR 159 00:40:11,000 --> 00:40:14,000 ARMY, AND HE DID THAT. 160 00:40:14,000 --> 00:40:15,000 WHAT HE BETRAYED, OF COURSE, WAS 161 00:40:15,000 --> 00:40:18,000 THE THOUSANDS OF YOUNG MEN WHO 162 00:40:18,000 --> 00:40:20,000 JOINED HIS ARMY AND GOT PAID 163 00:40:20,000 --> 00:40:22,000 VERY LITTLE FOR IT AND WHO 164 00:40:22,000 --> 00:40:25,000 FOUGHT FOR HIM ALL THOSE YEARS, 165 00:40:25,000 --> 00:40:26,000 AND THE THOUSANDS WHO GOT KILLED 166 00:40:26,000 --> 00:40:28,000 AS WELL. 167 00:40:28,000 --> 00:40:29,000 AND THAT'S WHAT MANY SHAN PEOPLE 168 00:40:29,000 --> 00:40:34,000 CANNOT FORGIVE HIM FOR. 169 00:41:19,000 --> 00:41:21,000 >> CHECK OUT "FRONTLINE" ON-LINE 170 00:41:21,000 --> 00:41:22,000 AT THIS ADDRESS FOR MORE ON THE 171 00:41:22,000 --> 00:41:25,000 OPIUM AND HEROIN TRADE. 172 00:41:25,000 --> 00:41:26,000 FIND OUT HOW FOUR U.S. DRUG 173 00:41:26,000 --> 00:41:27,000 CZARS WOULD CRACK DOWN ON 174 00:41:27,000 --> 00:41:29,000 HEROIN; EXPLORE THE PROCESS 175 00:41:29,000 --> 00:41:31,000 THAT TURNS POPPY FLOWERS INTO 176 00:41:31,000 --> 00:41:34,000 HEROIN; READ ABOUT HEROIN IN 177 00:41:34,000 --> 00:41:36,000 THE BRAIN, AND HOW ADDICTION TO 178 00:41:36,000 --> 00:41:39,000 IT WORKS. 179 00:41:39,000 --> 00:41:40,000 PLORE MUCH MORE AT 180 00:41:40,000 --> 00:41:45,000 -L:seDGPBS KEteUeDGhS EEHA 181 00:41:52,000 --> 00:41:53,000 I HATE YOU! 182 00:41:53,000 --> 00:41:55,000 >> ...A MODERN-DAY WITCH HUNT. 183 00:41:55,000 --> 00:41:56,000 >> Jury Foreperson: THIRD-DEGREE 184 00:41:56,000 --> 00:41:57,000 SEXUAL OFFENSE. 185 00:41:57,000 --> 00:41:58,000 SEVEN PEUSED AND 186 00:41:58,000 --> 00:41:59,000 INDICTED FOR UNSPEAKABLE 187 00:41:59,000 --> 00:42:00,000 CRIMES.Nó 188 00:42:00,000 --> 00:42:01,000 : EIGHT YEARS LATER, THEY MUST 189 00:42:01,000 --> 00:42:03,000 CHOOSE BSETWEEN GETTING?ACK 190 00:42:03,000 --> 00:42:04,000 THEIR LIVES AND THE TRUTH. 191 00:42:04,000 --> 00:42:05,000 >> Man: IF I'M A MONSTER, THEN 192 00:42:05,000 --> 00:42:06,000 WHY DID THEY OFFER ME A COURT 193 00:42:06,000 --> 00:42:07,000 ARING? 194 00:42:07,000 --> 00:42:08,000 >> "FRONTLINE'S" INVESTIGATION 195 00:42:08,000 --> 00:42:13,000 Sé 196 01:57:52,000 --> 01:57:55,000 !L