Unclassified--FBIS Daily Report--West Europe

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'ANNIVERSAR Y

| 1941 1991

Daily Report—

West Europe

FBIS-WEU-91-137
Wednesday
17 July 1991

Daily Report
West Europe

FBIS-WEU-91-137 CONTENTS

NOTICE TO READERS: An * indicates material not disseminated in clectronic form
INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS

State. Government Heads Continue G-7 Summit
‘Text of Declaration /London PRESS ASSOCIATION
Statement on Arms Control /London PRESS ASSOCTATION
No “Massive Aid to USSR) /JoyvAo AYODO)
Ignatenko on Political Decree /Jodkyo T1/
Andreott: Urges Soviet Aid = /Rome 1NS4)
Andreotts, Mitterrand Confer /Rome 1NS4/
Monitoring Soviet Economy = /7odvo AYODO)
Japan Unconvinced by Gorbachev /TodAvo AYODO
Kohl Approves Aid Agreement /Hambure DP 4)
Kohl Bnets Press /Coloene Radio)
Gorbachev Meets EBRD’s Attah = /Paris Radio)
Gorbachev, Mitterrand Meet /Paris Radi
Kaifu. Gorbachev Meet /JoAvo AYODO
Reportage on Gorbaches Visit /cross-reference]

AUSTRIA

Mock: Country's, European Security Linked {WIENER ZEITUNG 1° Jul)

Vienna Rejects SFRY Accusations of Interference (DER STANDARD 1° Jul)

Current Account Statistics for Jan-May Reported /D/PF PRESSE 16 Jul)
BENELUYN

Belgium

Eyskens Says Isracl Can Rely on EC Cooperation /Arussels Rad

Netherlands

Turkish Consulate Stoned by Protestors |2 Jul inmAara ANATOLIA
CSFR’‘s Diensthier Holds Talks, Opens Consulate /Pragwe (7A

LUNTTED KINGDOM

Hurd: UK Ready for Military Action Against Iraq /PRESS ASSOCTATION
Turkish Airlines Office, Banks Attacked 1S Jul /dmkara ANATOLI
Israch Foreign Minister Arrives for Talks /PRESS ASSOCTATION

GERMANY

Members of EC Observers Team Leave for Zagreb /4DN

Wairgel Views Course for USSR After G7? Talks (SCE DDECTSCHE ZEIITUNG 18-14 Ju
PDS Granted Greater Rights in Bundestag §/PD/'4

Ex-Stasi Members in Civihan Police Units (DER SPIFGEL 15 Ju

60 Percent of Former GDR Army Property Returned /N\7 08 ZEIT 18 Jul

Lack of Officers, Enlisted Men Predicted /DIF WELT 1S Ju

* Movement Noted in Eastern Housing Upgrading /FRAINAFURTIER ALLGEMEINE 19 Jun

* Burden of GDR's Psychosocial Legacy Weighed (DAIS PAIRLAVENT & Ma
* New Rail Lines Speed Up Freight Transport PFAINDET SAD ATT Osa

17 July 1991

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FBIS-WEL -91-137

17 July 1991 2 West Europe
* Japan's Slow Approach to Europe Charted /FRANAFURTER ALLGEMEINE 6 Jun] 26
* Japanese Slow To Invest in New Laender /WIRTSCHAFTSWOCHE 14 Junj 27
ITALY & VATICAN CITY
Wrap-Up of Current Albanian Refugee Situation /4NS4/ 29
* D’Alema ot PDS Interviewed on Party Prospects /ELROPEO 26-28 Jun] 29
PORTUGAL
Mexican ‘Conflict’ Resolved, Soares To Attend /Lishon Radio] 31
Socialist Party Publishes New Manifesto /DI4RIO DE NOTICIAS 9 Jul) 31
SPAIN
* Majority Sees PSOE Funding Irregularities §=/DIARIO 16, 23 Jun] 32
* Reportage on PSOE Funding Irregularities = /4BC 28 Jun] 33
SWITZERLAND
Incendiary Device Damages Turkish Embassy /Bern International) 35
Government Denies Iraqi Frozen Assets Released = /Bern International) 35
NORDIC COUNTRIES
Denmark
Six Observers To Join EC Team for SFRY /Stockholm Radio/ %6
Sweden
* Impact of Tight Defense Budget Outhned /DAGENS NYHETER 14 Junj %%
* Prospective Commandos Recruitcd From Conscnipts /DAGENS NYHETER 14 Jun] 7
GREECE
Jount US. Plans To Explont Aegean Demed = /4Arhens Radio) 38
Attack Against Turkish Diplomats Denounced = /4thens Radio/ 48
17 Nov Clams Responsibility /4rthens Radio] 48
Papandreou Reportedly Involved in Bank Scandal /A7HENS NEWS 16 Jul) 38
TURKEY
Paper Details Fouled Plans To Kill Bush /W/LLIVET 16 Jul) 39
Bush Agenda Criticized, Called ‘Scandalous’ /HURRIYET 12 Jul) 39
Commentary Views Upcoming Bush Visit, Tactics /7URAIYVE 13 Jul) 9
Mitsotakis’ Disarmament Proposal To Be Studied § /4Ankara Radio] 40
Kurdish Paper Issucs Warning on Foreign Troops /Bonn BERVWEDAN 30 Jun] 40
Bosnia-Herzegovina Leader on Ethnic Strife = /4NATOLIA) 4)
Izetbegovic Briefs Oval /Ankara TV) 42
Notes ‘Territonal Integrity’ /Belerade TANIUG/ 4)
Anatolia Party Deputy From Samsun Resigns /4ndara 71) 4)

DISK Members Acquitted, Closure Vorded /4N4A70L/4) 4.

FBIS-WEL -91-137
17 July 1991

State, Government Heads Cominue G-7 Summit

‘Text’ of Declaration
LDI707125991 London PRESS ASSOCUITION
is Enelish 1140 GMT 17 Jul 91

[“Text™ of London G-7 Economic Summut Declaration]
[Text] Building World Partnership

We. the heads of state and government of the seven
major industrial democracies and the representatives of
the European Community. met in London for our 17th
annual summit

The spread of freedom and democracy which we cele-
brated at Houston has gathered pace over the last year
Together the international community had overcome a
major threat to world peace in the Gulf. But new
challenges and new opportunities confroni us

We seek to build world partnership. based on common
values, and to strengthen the international order. Our
aim 1s to underpin democracy. human mghts, the rule of
law and sound economic management, which together
provide the key to prosperity

To achieve this aim, we will promote a truly multilateral
system, which 1s secure and adaptable and in which
responsibility 1s shared widely and equitably

Central to our aim 1s the need for a stronger. more
effective UN system, and for great attention to the
proliferation and transfer of weapons

Economic Policy

Over the last year. some of our economies have main-
tained good growth, while most have slowed down and
some gone into recession. But a global recession has been
avoided. The uncertainty created by the Gulf crisis 1s
behind us. We welcome the fact that there are now
increasing signs of economic recovery. Progress has been
made too in reducing the largest trade and current
account imbalances

Our shared objectives are a sustained recovery and price
Stability. To this end, we are determined to maintain,
including through our cconomic policy coordination
process, the medium term strategy endorsed by carher
summits. This strategy has contained inflationary expec-
tations and created the conditions for sustainable growth
and new jobs

We therefore commit ourselves to implement fiscal and
monetary policies, which, while reflecting the different
Situations in our countries, provide the basis for lower
real interest rates. In this connection, continued progress
in recucing budget deficits 1s essential

This, together with the efforts being made to reduce
impediments to private saving. »:!! help generate the
increase in global savings needed t) meet demands for
investment. We also welcome the close cooperation on

INTFRNATIGNAL AFFAIRS 1

exchange markets and the work to improve the func-
tioning of the 1aternatior.al monetary sysiem

We will also. with the help of the Organisation for
Economic Cooperation and Development [OECD] and
other institutions, pursue reforms to improve economic
efficrency and thus the potential for growth. These
include

(a) Greater competition in our economics, including
regulatory reform. This can enhance consumer choice.
reduce prices and case burdens on business

(b) Greater transparency. climination or enhanced disci-
pline in subsidies that have distorting effects, since such
subsidies lead to incfficrent allocation of resources and
inflate pubhc expenditure

ic) Improved education and training. to enhance the
skills and improve the opportunities of those both in and
out of employment. as well as policies contributing to
greater flexibility in the employment system

(d) A more efficrent public sector, for example through
higher standards of management and including possibil-
thes of privatization and contracting out

(¢) The wide and rapid diffusion of advances in scrence
and technology

(f) Essential investment, both private and public, in
infrastructure

We will encourage work nationally and internationally to
develop cost effective cconomic imstruments for pro-
tecting the environment, such as taxes, charges and
tradcable permits

International I rade

No rssue has more far-reaching implications for the
future prospects of the world cconomy than the suc-
cessful conclusion of the Uruguay round. It will stemu-
late non-inflationary growth by bolstering confidence,
reversing protectionism and increasing trade flows

It will be essential to encourage the integration of devel-
oping countries and Central and East European nations
into the multilateral trading system. All these benefits
will be lost if we cannot conclude the round. We there-
fore commit ourselves to an ambitious, global and bal-
anced package of results from the round, with the widest
possible participation by both developed and developing
countries

The aim of all contracting parties should be to complete
the round before the end of 1991. We shall cach remain
personally involved in this process, ready to intervene
with one another if differences can only be resolved at
the highest level

To achieve our objective, sustained progress will be
necded in the negotiations at Geneva in all areas over the
rest of thes vear. The principal requirement 1s to move
forward urgently in the following areas taken together

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INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS

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FBIS-WEL -91-137
17 July 1991

their integration into the international economic system
Regional initiatives reinforce our ability to cooperate

All the Central and East European countries cxcept
Albania are now members of the Inicrnational Monctars
Fund (IMF) and the World Bank. We welcome the steps
being taken by those countnes that are implementing
IMF-supported programs of macro-cconomn stabiliza-
ton. It rs crucial that these programs are complemented
by structural reforms. such as privatizing and restruc-
turing siate-owned enterprises. increasing competition
and strengthening property mghts We welcome the
establishment of the European Bank for Reconstruction
and Development (EBRD) which has a mandate to
foster the transition to open. market-onented economies
and © promote private imitative on Central and East
Europesn countries committed to democracy

A favorable environment for private investment. both
foreign and domestic, 1s crucial for sustained growth and
for avonding dependence on external assistance from
governments. In thes respect. technical assistance from
Our private sectors and governments. the European
Community and international institutions should con-
centrate on helping thrs essential market-based transfor-
mation. In thrs context, we emphasize the importance of
micgrating environmental considerations into the cco-
nomi restructuring process im Central and Eastern
Europe

Expanding markets for ther exports are vital for the
Central and East European countrics. We welcome the
substantial increases already made in cxports to market
cconomies and we undertake to improve further their
access ‘0 Our markets for thew products and services
mcluding in arcas such as stecl, textiles, and agricultural
produce. In thes context, we welcome the progress made
iM Negotiating association agreements between the Euro-
pean Community and Poland, Hungary and ( zechosio-
vakia. as well as the Presidential Trade Enhancement
Initiative announced by the United States. all of which
will be on acoordance with GATT principles We wll
support the work of the OFC D to identify restrictions to
Fast West trade and to facilitate thei removal

The Group of Twenty Four (G24) process, inaugurated
by the arch summer and chaired by the European Com.
mission, has mobilized $31 bilhon om bilateral support
for these countries. mcluding balance of payments
finance to underpin IMF -supported programs Such pro-
grams are in place for Poland, Hungary and C zechoslo-
vakia We welcome the contributions already made for
Bulgana and Romama We are intensifying the G24
coordination process and we reaffirm our shared willing-
ness to play our tan part om the glohal assistance cflort

The Soviet | nien

We support the moves toward political and coonomn
transformation on the Sovect Uneon and are ready to
aserst the integration of the Soviet U non into the world
cconoms

INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS 3

Reform to develop the market coonorw 1s essential to
create incentives for change and enable the Sovict people
to mobilize thew own substantial natural and human
resources. A clear and agreed framework within which
the center and the republics evercise thew respective
responsibilities 1s fundamental for the success of polit-
al and coonomic reform

We have mnvited President Gorbachey to meet us for a
discussion of reform polos and their implementation
as well as ways in which we can encourage this process

We commend the IMF. World Bank. OECD and EBRD
for their study of the Sovict coonomy produced. in close
consultation with the European Commission. in
response to the request we made at Houston. Thes study
sects Oul many of the clements necessary for successful
cconomic reform, which include fiscal and monctars
discipline and creating the framework of a market
economy

We are sensitive to the overall political contest mm which
reforms are bering conducted, including the “new think-
ing” in Sovect foreign policy around the world. We are
sensitive also to the importance of shifteng resources
from molitary to civilian use

We are concerned about the detenoration of the Sovict
coonomys. which creates severe hardship not only within
the Sovect Umon but also for the countnes of Central
and Eastern Europe

The Middle Fast

Many countries have suffered cconomicalls as a result of
the Gulf crises. We welcome the success of the Crulf C resis
financial Coordination Group im mobilising nearly $16
tilhon of assistance for those countries suffering the
most direct coonomic impact of the Cull crrses and urge
all donors to complete disbursements rapidly Extensive
assistance 1s beng provided by summit participants tor
the Mediterrancan and the Middle East. as well as by the
IMF and World Bank

We beheve that enhanced coonomic cooperation im this
area. on the basis of the principles of non-discrimination
and open trade. could help repanw the damage and
remtorce political stalulity We weloome the plans of
major ool caporting countnes for providing financial
asestance to others in the region and thew decison to
estabiish a Gulf Development Fund We support closer
links between the international financial institutions and
Arab and other donors. We beheve this would encourage
neccesary coonomn reforms. promote cfficrent use of
financial flows. foster private sector investment. stimu-
late trade Wheralization and facilitate point propects, ¢ eg
m water management, which would draw on our tech-
necal skills and capertise

Developing ( ountries and Debt

Developing countries are playing an imecrcasingly con-
Sructive role om the imternational coonomin system

4 INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS

imcluding the Uruguay round. Many have mtroduced
radical policy reforms and are adopting the followin;

principles

(a) Respect for human mghts and for the law. which
encourages individuals to contnbute to development

(b) Democratic pluralism and open systems of adminis-
tratron, accountable to the public

ic) Sound, market-based cconomic polices to sustain
¢cevelopment and bring people out of poverty

We commend these countnes and urge others to follow
their example. Good governance not only promotes
development at home. but helps to attract cxternal
finance and investment from all sources

Our steadfast commitment to helping developing coun-
ines, om conjunction with a durable non-inflatsonary
recovery of our cconomics and the opening of our
markets. will be the most cflective way we have of
enhancing prosperity in the developing world

Many of these countnes, especially the poorest. need our
financial and technical assistance to buttre-« their own
development endeavours. Additional aid cfforts are
required to enhance both the quantity and the quality of
our support for pnonty development rssucs. These
include alleviating poverty. improving health. education

and training and enhancing the environmental quality of

our and. We endorse the increasing attention being given
to population issucs in devising strategies for sustainable
progress

Afmca deserves our special attention. Progress by
African governments toward sound economic policies
democracy and accountability 1s improving thei pros-
pects for growth. This 1s being helped by our continued
support, focused on stimulating development cf the
private sector, encouraging regional integration. pro-
viding concessional flows and reducing det burdens
The special program of assistance for Africa. coord)-
nated by the World Bank and providing support for
economuc reform in over 20 Afnican countries, 1s proving
its worth, We will provide humanitarian assistance to
those parts of Africa facing severe famine and encourage
the reform of United Nations structures in order to make
this assistance more effective. We will also work to help
the countnes concerned remove the underlying causes of
famine and other emergencies, whether these are natural
or provoked by civil strife

In the Asia-Pacific region, many economics. including
members of the Association of South-East Asian Nations
(ASEAN) and the Asia- Pacific Economic Cooperation
(APEC), continue to achieve dynamic growth. We wel-
come the efforts by those economies of the regron which
are assuming new international responsibilities Other
Asian countnes, which are strengthening their reform
efforts, continue to need external assistance

In Laten America we are encouraged by the progress
being made in carrying out genuine cconomic reforms

FBIS-WEL -91-137
17 July 1991

and by developments in regional integration. We wel-
come the continuing discussions on the Mululatcral
Investment Fund, under the Enterprise for the Amencas
listiateve which, together with other efforts, 1s helping to
create the mght climate tor direct investment, freer trade
and a reversal of capstal fight

We recognize with satisfaction the progress being made
under the strengthened de® stratcgs. Some countnes
have already benefited from the combination of strong
adjustment with commercial bank deM™ reduction of
equivalent measures. We encourage other countrs with
heavy debts to banks to negotiate similar packages

We note

(a) The agreement reached by the Parss Club on dett
reduction or equivalent measures for Poland and Egypt.
which shount be treated as exceptional cases

(b) the Parrs Club's continued examination of the special
situation of some lower middic moome countries on a
case-by-case bvwsrs

The poorest, most indebted countnes need very special
terms. We agree on the need for additonal dem rchef
measures, on a case-by-case bases. for these countries,
going well bevond the relict already granted under Tor-
onto terms. We therefore call on the Paris Club to
continuc tts discussions on how these measures can best
be implemented promptly

We recognize the need for appropnate new financial
flows to developing countries. We beleve the appro-
priate way to avoid unsustainable levels of deft 1s for
developing countnes to adopt strengthened policies to
attract direct investment and the return of flight capital

We note the kev role of the IMF. whose resources should
be strengthened by the carly implementation of the
quota increase under the Ninth General Review and the
associated Third Amendment to the articles of agree-
ment

b nvironment

The mternational community will face formidable enve-
ronmental challenges in the coming decade Managing
the environment continucs to be a priority rssuc for us

Our coonomic policies should ensure that the use of thes
planet's resources 1s sustainable and safeguards the inter-
ests of both present and future generations. Growing
market cconomics can best mobilize the means for
protecting the environment. while democratic systems
ensure proper accountability Environmental consider-
ations should be integrated into the full range of govern-
ment poles, im a way which reflects their coonomn
costs. We support the valuatc work im thes field berng
undertaken by the OECD. Theos mncludes the systematic
review of member countnes’ environmental pertor-
mance and the devclopment of environmental indicators
for use mm decrssonmaking

FBIS- WEL -91-137
17 *) 1991

Interr ationally. we must develop a cooperative approach
for tackling environmental issucs. Industnal countnes
should set an cxampie and thus encourage developing
countnes and Central and East European nations to play
thew pari

Cooperatnon 1s also required on regronal probiems In
thes contest, we welcome the consensus reached on the
Environmental Protocol of the Antarctic Treaty. armed
at reinforcing the environmental preservation of this
continent. We note the good progress of the Sahara and
Sahel Observatory as well as the Budapest Env:ronental
Center

The UN Conference on Environment and Development
(UNCED) in June, 1992, will be a landmark event. It will
mark the clrma,x of many international cnvironmental
negotiations We commut ourselves to work for a suc-
cesful conference and to give the necessary political

impetus to its preparation
We arm to achieve the following by the tome of UNCED

(a) An effective framework convention on climate
change. containing appropriate commitments and
addressing all sources and sinks for greenhouse gases We
will seck to cxpedite work on implementing protocols to
reinforce the convention

All participants should be committed to design and
implement concrete strategies to limit net emissons of
greenhouse gases. with measures to facthate adaption

Sagnificant actions by industnal countnes will encourage
the participation of developing and East European coun-
tres. which 1s essential to the negotiations

(b) Agreement on principles for the management. con-
servation and sustamable development of all types of
forest. leading to a framework convention This should
be on a form both acceptable to the developing countnes
where tropical forests grows and consistent with the
objective of a global forest convention of agreement
which we set at Houston

We will seck to promote, in the contest of UNCED

(a) Motihzation of financial resources to help devel-
oping countnes tackle environmental problems We sup-
port the use of exrsting mechanisms for thes purpose. in
particular the Global Environment Facility (GEF) The
GEF could become the comprehensive funding mecha-
nism to help devcloping countnes meet ther obhgations
under the new environmental convention

(b) Encouragement of an improved flow of beneficial
technology to developing countnes, making use of com-
mercial mechanisms

ic) A comprehensive approach to the oceans. including
regional seas. The environmental and cconmomic impor.
tance of oceans and scas means that they must be
protected and sustainahy managed

INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS s

(d) Further development of mmtcrnatonal law of the
environment, drawing micr aha on the results of the
Ssena Forum

(¢) The remforcement of imternanonal institutbons con-
cerned with the environment. mcluding the Unined
Nations Environmental Programme (UNEP). for the
decade ahead

We support the negotiation. under the auspices of
UNEP. of an acceptable framework convention on tio-
diversity. if possible to be concluded neu ear. ht should
concentrate on protecting coosysiems. particularly mm
species-rich arcas. without impeding positive develop-
ments in biotechnologs

We remain concerned about the destruction of tropical
forests. We welcome the progress made in devcloping the
pilot program for the conservation of the Brazihan
tropical forest. which has been prepared by the Govern-
ment of Brazil in consultation with the World Bank and
the European Commission. in response to the offer of
cooperation evtended following the Houston summit

We call for further urgent work under the auspices of the
World Bank. in cooperatpon with the European Commrs-
s#on_ on the framework of approprate pohoes and with
careful aticntion to cconomec. technical and social
issues We will financially support the implementation of
the prelominary stage of the pilot program utilizing all
potential sources. including the private sector, non-
governmental organizations. the multilateral develop-
ment hanks. and the Global Env eronmental Factity

When details of the program have been resolved. we will
consider supplementing these resources with bilateral
assistance. so that progress can be made on the ground
We bebleve that good progress with thes proyect will have
a beneficial impact on the treatment of forests at
UNCED We also welcome the spread of dem for nature
exchanges. with an emphasis on forests

The burning o:! wells and polluted seas in the Gulf have
shown that we need greater imternational capacity to
prevent and respond to environmental disasters All
imternational and regronal agreements for thes purpose.
mmchuding those of the Internatronal Maritime Organrsa-
tron (IMO). should be fully uemplemented

We welcome the decrmon by UNEP to establish an
expenental centre for urgent ens erommental assistance
In the hight of the recent storm damage in Bangladesh. we
encourage the work on flood alleviation under the aus-
proces of the World Bank. which we called for at the Arch
Summit

Livong marine resources threatened by over-fisheng and
other harmful practors showld be protected by the
implementation of measures in accordance with mnterna-
tonal law We urge control of marme pollution and
compliance with the regimes estainshed by regronal
fishenes organizations through effective monitormng and
entforcment measures

PRIS. WEL 9-087
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FBIS-WEL -91-137
17 July 1991

outlining the economic reform plan. which 1s criticized
as not different enough from the current planned
coonomys

While pledging Moscow's commitment to transforming
the economy into a market-onented onc. the letter called
for ine West to provide a wide range of assistance. For
instance. the proposal seeks Western support for the
proposed currency stabilization fund to help make the
ruble convertible in international markets

The Gorbachev plan also proposes lifting the limit on
loans to the Soviets from the European Bank for Recon-
struction and Development (EBRD). established in April
lo spur cconomic reforms in Eastern Europe and the
Soviet Union

On the price front, the proposal calls for freeing prices on
70 percent of domestic transactions within the vear

lt also promises to privatize small businesses before
larger ones

Kohl Approves Aid Agreement

LD160°181391] Hambure DPA in German 1734GM7
lt Iu! y/)

[Text] London (DPA}—According to Bonn, at the eco-
nomic summit in London the state and government
heads of the seven leading Western industrialized
nations have to a large extent agreed today on measures
to aid the reforms in the Soviet Umon. Government
Spokesman Dieter Vogel reported this to the press
Federal Chancellor Helmut Kohl is “very satisfied.”

According to Vogel. the seven resolved to have a perma-
nent political dialogue with the Soviet Union which the
respective chairs of the economic summit will conduct
In addition, the Soviet Union will be offered constant
advice from the International Monetary Fund (IMF). the
World Bank. the Organization for Economic Coopera-
tion (OECD). and the London European Bank. The
Soviet Union wall be given special status with the IMF
and the World Bank

hohl Briefs Press
18) 0124991 Cologne Deutschlandtunk Network
in German 1100 GMT I> Jul 91

[Rainer Bittermann report from London]

| Text] Chancellor Helmut Kohl's news conference began
later than scheduled, about half an hour ago. He sand that
the representatives of the seven countries taking part in
the London summut are largely in agreement on their
assessment of the mmternational economic situation. He
said that the weak growth rate will be overcome soon.
and that the economy will clearly recover im the second
half of thes vear or mm 199) at the latest. They expect
about a 3-percent economic growth worldwide next year

Kohl intormed the press that he had told the summitcers
that the cconomy in the old federal laender reached a

INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS i

growth rate of 4.5 percent in the first six months this
year. That 1s clearly more than had even been expected
by Optimists

The chancellor also asked the summuteers to show under-
standing for the way Bonn 1s coping with reconstruction
in the new federal laender. and 1 seems that the seven
did show such understanding

He said that the meeting with Mikhail! Gorbachev in
London marks the beginning of a dialogue that will be
increasingly continued in the future. Kohl then
explained the offers that the seven plan to submit to
Gorbachev this afternoon, including the offer to bind the
Soviet economy into the IMF and the World Bank. In
this context, the summuteers do not speak about assoct-
ation but about a special relationship. They are appar-
ently avonding the term association, mn order not to
classify the Sovict Union as a state of secondary impor-
tance. Full membership will be discussed and decided at
a later date. How long the transition will take has not
been specifically stated

The second offer im this direction will be that the IMF,
the World Bank. the OECD. and the European Bank for
Reconstruction and Development [EBRD] are to sup-
port the Soviet Union by sending experts and specialists
for drafting reform programs

The third pomt is the offer to hold an accompanying
political dialogue with the Soviet Union, which will
above all be conducted with Moscow by the chairman of
the G-7 group. This year, ut will be Britssh Prime
Minister John Mayor, next vear, it will be Chancellor
Helmut Kohl

In addition. the Soviet Union will be offered project-
related aid. particularly in the areas of energy. transport,
environmental protection, and—something that 1s very
important—nuclear reactor safety

The chancellor sand that in the talks with Gorbachev.
which are scheduled to begin this afternoon, he will
advocate the idea that the EBRD should make available
additional credits for the Soviet Union. However, in this
respect, there 1s considerable opposition on the part of
Japan and the United States. So this 1s still very uncer-
tain

Gorbachey Meets EBRD's Attali

LDICT07T092291 Pans France-Inter Radio Network
m French 0900 GMT 17> Jul 91

[Excerpts] The leaders of the seven most industrialized
countnes assembled this morning for the tast official
session of the London summit. [passage omitted] The
Soviet number one began his day with a tete-a-tete
breakfast with Francor Mitterrand. Although not sched-
uled on the program. President Gorbaches this morning
held talks with Jacques Attah. the president of the
Furopean Bank for Reconstruction and Development
[passage omitted]

12 INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS

Gorbachev, Mitterrand Veet

LD1707102391 Panis France-Inter Radio Network
im French 1000 GMT 17 Jul 91

[Excerpts] It 1s the third and last day of the summit of the
seven most industnalized countries in London. [passage
omitted) Mikhail Gorbachev, who arrived in London
yesterday evening, has not lost any time: This morning
the sead of the Kremlin had a tete-a-tete breakfast with
Francois Mitterrand. Following their talks, the two
heads of state said they considered that the meeting of
the Sovict president with the leaders of the seven. the
first of its kind, should lead—I quote—to a precise signal
with a result and mechanisms

After these 45 minutes of talks with Francois Mitterrand.
the head of the Kremlin stated that the USSR cannot be
a pertect replica of the Western countries, but he
expressed the wish that his country should become an
integral part of the world economy

haifu, Gorbachev Veet
OWT 071229191 Tohvo AYVODO on Enelish 1206 GMI
I> Jul 9l

[Text] London, July 17 KYODO—Soviet President

Mikhail Gorbachev on met [as received] with Japanese

FBIS-WEL -91-137
17 July 1991

Prime Minister Toshiki Kaifu Wednesday and called for
promoting ties between the two countries, Japanese
officials sand. Gorbachev told Karfu that ice between
Japan and the Soviet Union has begun melting

During the 40-minute meeting with the Soviet leader.
Kaitu urged Gorbachev to apply his “new thinking”
diplomacy to Asia, rmplying the return to Japan of four
Soviet-held islands off northern Japan

Kaitu renewed Tokyo's call for resolving the territorial
dispute and for concluding a peace treaty, the officials
Said

Reportage on Gorbachev Visit
MWa4/ 0713149]

For Soviet reportage on visit of President Mikhail Gor-
bachey to London, including his meetings with G-7
participants, see the Worldwide Issues section of the 17
July Soviet Unron DAILY REPORT and subsequent

mssucs

FBIS-WEL -91-137
17 July 1991

Mock: Country's, European Security Linked
10] 07093791 Vienna WIENER ZEITUNG
in German 17 Jul 91 p 3

{Unattributed report: “Mock: The Decision Was Cor-
rect]

[Text] There 1s “no security on a supposedly rsolated
island.” stressed Foreign Minister Alors Mock on 16 July
when he commented on the second anniversary of Aus-
tria’s application for membership in the EC on 17 July,
a decison, which in his view was correct

Mock said that the events of the past years and months
have shown the political interrelationship of the Euro-
pean countries, and that the “peace and security of
Europe as a whole are indivisible.”

The foreign minister said that the negotiations on the
European Economic Area have shown that “taking part,
on the basis of equality, in shaping and deciding on the
Furopean process of integration 1s only possible as a
member of the EC.” He added that Austria “will be able
to make a valuable contribution” within the EC. In
addition, he sees the correctness of Austria’s decision to
yorn the EC as confirmed by the fact that Sweden applied
tor membership recently. and all EFTA [European Free
Trade Association] states are seriously discussing mem-
bership

According to Mock, the EC has the urgent task of
“contributing to the economic, social, and political sta-
bility and development of the Eastern European reform
countries.” Despite the difficulties regarding its all-
European responsibility, the EC represents to many
countries of the former Eastern Bloc a “factor of stabil-
ity” and a “center of gravity.” The events in Yugoslavia
have faced the EC with a new challenge. with which “it
has coped actively and. so far, with positive results,” said
Mock

Vienna Rejects SEFRY Accusations of Interference
if / -OCO8S99] Tienna DER STANDARD im German

I> Jul GI pn?

[APA report: “Vienna Rejects Belgrade’s Accusations” ]

[Text] Vienna Belgrade—O'n 16 July Austria strongly
reyected Yugoslavia’s reproaches concerning Austria's

AUSTRIA 13

behavior in connection with events in its southern neigh-
boring country. In a reply presented by Austria's ambas-
sador to Belgrade, Walter Siegl. the accusations leveled
against Austria because of alleged weapons delivernes to
Slovenia and Croatia, as well as of “interference in
Yugoslavia’s internal affairs” were described as “com-
pletely unfounded” and rejected strongly. Belgrade had
also criticized the presence of Austrian soldiers on the
border.

The reply stresses that Austria’s policy toward Yugo-
slavia 1s guided by the “only interest that ut should be
made possible for the peoples in Yugoslavia to shape
their future im accordance with the principles of self-
determination, democracy. the rule of law, human rights
and the mghts of minorities, as well as the market
economy, confirmed in the Paris Charter by all CSCE
member states.” This must be achieved through political
dialogue and without the use of force

Current Account Statistics for Jan-May Reported

10 1607]02691] Vienna DIE PRESSE in German
16 Jul 91 p 12

{[Unattributed report: “The Current Account Deteriw-
rated Compared to Last Year™]

[Text] Vienna—With a deficit of 3.5 billion schillings,
the current account in May 1991 remained largely
unchanged compared to the same month last year, how-
ever, the current account deteriorated in the period from
January through May. Whereas a surplus totaling about
2 bilhon schillings was registered in the same penod of
the previous year, the first five months of 1991 showed a
deficit of 1.9 bilhon schillings

The balance of trade in the first five months of 1991
showed a deficit of 49 billion schillings—!2 bilhon
schillings more than last year. According to the Austnan
Central Office of Statistics, exports increased 2 percent
to 195.2 billion schillings. and imports increased 6.5
percent to 244.2 billhon schillings. The surplus in the
service balance increased 4 percent to 28 billion schill-
ings. Gross revenues from tourism increased about |!
percent, whereas the Austrians expenditures for travels
abroad stagnated. The balance of capital transactions
from January through May 199! showed net capital
exports of 6 billhon schillings as compared to 10 billion
schillings in the same period of 1990

i4 BENELUN

Belgium

Eyskens Says Israel Can Rely on EC Cooperation

ips ‘S4) Bru : la t m Rad Ne? r*
if wiaWwi ;* Iu J]

Text) Mark Evskens ends a vest in Isracl. The Belgian
lorcign minister met with Israch Prince Monester V utzhak
Shamir and a Palestinian deicgation. For Mark Evskens
israc!l can rely on close coonomnic Cooperation with the
F< but on order to do so. he sand to the Israch officials

u Should make peace with the newhboring countrics

Mark Evskens added that he was struck by the skept
sm of the Palestinians on the chances for a peace
process. Dul he concluded thal there ss no reason tor

:
ompictc despair mm getting all the partics around the

Netherlands

lurkish Consulate Stoned by Protestors 12 Jul
POU 145091 Ankara ANATOLI I on be ’

leat] Deventer (A A—About

| srkeah f onmsulate during a cle monsitratwr

proicsicrs reoted at th

lurk sh (novernmecnt witnessecs sand

FBIS-WEL -91-17

1” July 1991
Protesters hurled rocks at the comsulatk mes Casicmn
Dutch city. smash ne scvcral “ITC! Ss
T he attack a beheved wo he nmacad 1 \A car “MlLaN §

clash between securits forces and demonstrators im tf
southeastern Anatohan city of Div arhaker mn what

pcopic “ctc hill a and more inan . . ww
injured
The unrest councided with a stormons t the Turkest

P-mbo«s on London hm some soores of Kurdish demo
siraiows

CSFR’s Dienstbier Holds Talks. Opens Consulate
i 00017 24591 Praewe CTA on Eneiis
Wwil i» is / 5 J J Ji

[Text] Amsterdam July & (C TK correspond

( zechoslovak Foreign Minister J Densthocr discussed
( vochosiov akia § LAIKS ON AN aSsOctaTNOnN a rol with if
European C ommunity (EC) with hes Dutct nicrpart

Hans van den Brock. today

Another tocus of their talks was the situatoon in \ upo
slavia where Van den Brock has attended tl rounds of
talks with the local parties mvolved : lint asa

member of an EC mediating mrsespor

Drensthier stopped overt Amsterdan ' ‘
Venezvucla and Brazil

This evening he otlicia mncd a rhs ik Pow
orary © onsulatc, which w he headed hs OMdnch t 1

dortsk, | Dutch cue i? rys aT ‘ wis 1 JT hh
World Trade ( enter

FBIS-WEL -91-107
17 July 1991

Hurd: Kk Ready for Military Action Against Iraq

LD100 7182891 London PRESS ASSOCIATION
m bnmelih 12840 16 Jul i

[By James Hardy. PRESS ASSOCTATION lobby corre-
spondecnt |

Text] Britann os ready to participate m any military
action to destroy nuclear establishments in Irag. Foresgn
Secretary Douglas Hurd sand today. No firm decrssons
had been taken by heads of government at the mterna-
onal summit om London. but thes strongly suspe ied
Saddam Husayn was still being evasive about hrs nuctear
capatulity. be sand

Mr Hurd. as host forcign moenester tor the (,? mecting
told a mews conterence for the world’s media that intor-
mation trom Ut nanted Nations nuclear investigators and
Iraq was still berng scrutinised. However, he unsisted
“We are gorng to make sure, one way or the other, that
Irag does not become—does not even create the danger
of becoming—a nuclear power” Asked if that meant
Britain would take part in military action threatened by
LS Presedent Bush. he sand: “Yes. 1 does mean that.” He
added No decrsons have been taken, of course, about
renewed military action against the Iragrs nuclear tacil-
ites because we are al the stage of cxamining a mass of
information which Irag has now produced. “We will
then have to examine whether ot 1s sufficient: We doult
it, We thonk there vs still ev asiveness, but that evaluation
iS Mot vet completed

Mr Hurd made ut clear the leading industrial nations
were om no hurry to case sanctrons against Irag. but sand
the | N Security Counci would be keen to gct human
tartan and to ts people * We are anxrous to reconcile two
things. We don't want the people of Irag to suffer trom
disease or hunger but equally we don't want to enable
or encourage Saddam Husavn. tor reasons which are

familar to cvervbods he sand

lurkish Airlines Office, Banks Attacked 15 Jul
Parse crsolel Amhara ANATORT 1 om Tarkich
2M GUT TS Jul 91

[Text] London (AA}—Tahsin Akt reports—Following

attacks on the Turkish Arrlones office and the Turkesh Is
Bank branch carly thes morning. a group of people
attacked the Ziraat | Agnculture] Bank branch at noon
tuday

UNITED KINGDOM is

About 20) people entered the Ziraat Bank branch on
Bishop's Gate Street. caused extensive damage to the
lobby. and wrote slogans on the walls with red part. No
one was killed of myured. The police have detained the

perpetrators

(nc of the bank personnel told AA: “A group of people
ranied the bank at around 1445. saved mnsede tor about
halt an hour, and were all carned away by the pole The
turmeture om the lobby has been torn and the walls
parnted with bright red slogans.” The same source sand
that nothing had happened to the bank personne!

An official trom the Bishop's Gate police statvon told AA
that the 20) to 25 persons who carned out thes act are
being mmtcrrogated. He sand he docs not vet know to
which organization they belong or the arm of the attack

The Ziraat Bank 1s the fourth targct hit on London since
Froday

Israeli Foreign Minister Arrives for Talks
PD1607 16229) London PRESS ASSOC TATION
m Enelioh IS80 GMT 16 Jul 9

[By Tom Momullan, PRESS ASSOCTATION diplomat
correspondent]

[Text] Israch Foreign Minister David Levi arrived om
London today as the G7 summit leaders increased pres-
sure on hrs Country to assist attempts to reach a Middle
Fast peace settlement. The leaders called mm ther polit
cal declaration tor both sides mn the dispute to “show the
flexibility necessary to allow a peace conference to be
convened”. Specifically. they urged that Israc!l should
suspend its policy of building settlements on the occupied
terrmitones and that the Arabs should halt thew trade
bovoott, Mr Levi, whose visit was arranged some wecks
ago. 1s to meet foreign Secretary Douglas Hurd on
Thursday—and may also hold talks with US. Secretary
of State James Baker

Middle East experts beheve the G? leaders have brought
negotiations on a peace deal significantly nearer by
linking the 40-year Arab boycott of Israch goods and
compames dealing with Isracl with Tel Aviv'’s Settle
ments polis. The announcement that Svna had now
virtually accepted a regional conterence—described fy
President Bush as a “breakthrough” —was thought to
have put renewed pressure on Isracl, whose Prime Min
ster Yitzhag Shamir has been criticised for hes response
to the LS. mutiative

16 GERMANY

Members of EC Observers Team Leave for Zagreb

LDI907142591 Berlin ADN in German 1248 GUT
14 Jul vi

[Text] Bonn (ADN}—The first three of a total of sin
Gserman observers traveled to Zagreb today as part of the
EC observer mission in Yugoslavia. the Ministry of
Foreign 4ffairs announced in Bonn today. According to
the monestry. at first the EC 1s sending up to $0 observers
to Y ugosi.2isa for three months. The mission. headed by
reured Netherlands Ambassador van der Valk. 1s to meet
tor the first tume in Zagreb tomorrow

The Minestry of Foreign Affairs sand that the mission's
task 1s to help stabilize the cease-fire in Yugoslavia and
monitor the three-month suspension of Croatia's and
Vovenia’s independence declarations

Waigel Views Course for USSR After G-7 Talks

10 1 30°7917°9! Munich SLUEDDEUTSCHE ZEITUNG
im Geerman 13-14 Jul Yi pl

[Gerhard Hennemann report on interview with Finance
Minister Theo Wangel. place and date not given: “Wa-
ec! More Ard to the USSR Might Be Too Great a Burden
for German Economy” ]

[Text] Bonn, !2 July—FRG Finance Minister The
W age! regards 11 as impossible for Germany to continuc
to provide extraordinary aid to the USSR and the other
East European reform countnes. On the eve of the
London international economic summit and the subse-
quent meeting of the participants im the summit with
Crorbachey, Waigel spoke out in favor of a fair interna-
tional distribution of the burden resulting from building
the all-European home Wage! told SUEDDEL TSCHE
ZEITUNG that although Germany w:i fulfill its obliga-
trons as agreed. any bilateral aid to avert the economn
collapse of the USSR that goes beyond that might even
be too much for the strong Corman economy

In the view of Finance Minister Waigel, chairman of the
(Christian Social Umon, the London economic summit
should agree on a concrete definition of international
burden sharing (“burden sharing”) and international
responsibility (world partnership’) In Wangel’s
opinion, the majority in the US. Congress 1s finding
very difficult to abandon the idea that the difficult
situation im the USSR and other East European reform
countnes constitutes primanly a German problem. Both
mn the Congress and within the administration in Wash-
ington it has been “noticed with gratitude” that Bonn’s
economic and financial ard for the USSR considerably
contributed to the two world powers’ first cooperation in
foreign policy in a conflict region. Nevertheless, Wash-
ington docs not yet want to draw any conclusions from
it, Hence, at the London summut the Federal Govern.
ment must strongly emphasize that German aid for the
SSR was not only advantageous for the process of
reconstruction. but for the entire free world “I am

FBIS-WEL -91-127
17 July 1991

convinced that Presadent Bush and our European part-
ners share that vice Wage! stressed

In W angel's opimon. the offer that the USSR 1s gencrall,
cipected to be presenied with un London—namely to
youn the IMF and the World Bank as an associated
member soon—should be linked with a certain perspec-
tive for the teme of full membership. and thus matcrial
support) Therefore. the newly established European
Bank tor Reconstruction and Dev clopment must cxtcnd
tS Statutes so credits can also be granted to the USSR in
the tuture “lt assocrated membership m the IMF is
achieved then onc must be ready to take the sec nd step
100.~ Still, W angel admitted that. preor to that. the USSR
must go through a “learning process” as tar as the
function and the tasks of the IMF for adapting structures
of the national cconomy are concerned. Ii s understand.
able that thes 1s a particularly parnful process for a mayor
power such as the USSR. therefore. associated membecr-
ship as a first sep toward full membership is a more
“sensitive solution” than enforcing an immediate plan
for cconoma recovery. Nevertheless, the USSR wall not
be able to do without an adaptation program in the spirit
of the IMF and World Bank statutes. To receive that
multinational support for hrs country. Crorhaches must
create a bas of confidence for money from private
investors and for internathonal financial means of the
community of peoples by making concrete promrses and
presenting a binding timetable

In the actual summit talks or the situation of the
international cconomy. which precede the mecting
between Grorhaches and the he ds of state and govern
ment of the seven major indi malized nations, W argc!
does not rule that the Germans and the US. once again
engage in a tiresome debate on imterest rates In that
event, one Must once More pont out to the partners that
there 1s a clear difference between overcoming recession
with the instrument of monctary policy on the one hand
and keeping cxcessive coonomic growth within lemits
that are tolerable trom the port of view of stability. on
the other hand “Each side must use its room to
mancuver as far as interests are concerned (ine of the
reasons that the Federal Government will not come
under criticrsm regarding international cconomy 1s that
almost all German trade partners. mm particular the
European ones. are currently considerably benefiting
from large German imports, which are a result of unit)
cation. “Thus. we are making a contribution both to the
international cconomy and to stability. after wl. if those
foreign goods were not availahic to us. prices would
explode here.” Wage! concluded

PDS Granted Greater Rights in Bundestag
LDIp0° 01191 Hambure DP 41 on German O81 GMT
it Ju v/

[Text] Karlsruhe (DPA}—The Party for Democratn
Socialism [PDS] Left List 1s not entitled to recognition as
aparhamentary group. bul the Bundestag must grant ita

FBIS-WEL -91-137
17 July 1991

greater say. This was decided by the Federal C onstitu-
tonal Court today. Thus the appeal by the 17 deputies of
the Socialest Unity Party of Germany successor party.
which wants totally cqual status with parhamentary
groups. has been partially successful

Ex-Stasi Members in Civilian Police L nits
40:1 °07095.291 Hambure DER SPIEGEL im German
1S Jul 91 pp 28-31

[Unattnbuted report: “Help With Code 609000" 1

[Text] The last house on Am Heiberg Strasse im the
Schwerm district of Goernes 1s a run-down apartment
block between a factory hall and a bypass road. Sccret
activities are carned out mn it by day and night

Mainly younger. athictic-looking men keep disappearing
behind stec! doors. which block both access to the vard
and the view at the side entrance. Behind the herred
windows of the upper floor one can often sce busy
shadows moving about well into the might. The hoense
plates of the cars mm the vard are covered with cleaning

rags

No sign on the building. which belongs to the premises of
the Soviet Group of Western Forces and 1s losing its
formerly yellow paint in tig patches. reveals the identity
of the mysterious mbhabitants. Neighbors who ask
receive evasive answers “Crovernment emplovees” are
working there. they are told

The secrecy 1s understandable—because behind the pro-
tective Sovect walls there live a group of police invest:
gators, who have to keep secret not only them current
work but also their past

They belong to the about 350 once most secret among
the secret helpers of Stasi. the so-called U -cmplovees
Last summer. at the order of then Intenor Moenister
Peter-Michael Drestel (Christian Democratic U non)
thes smoothly moved from the strictly secret observa-
thon groups of the Ministry of State Security (MPS) to the
changed ex1-GDR police

There they are now dealing again with their accustomed
tasks: They work as undercover investigators—this time
for the criminal police in the new lacnder

In thrs way one dozen members of the so-far unknown
top-secret troop, which was represented as the 1 U Office
in all bezirk crtees on the past, survived the revolution in
Schwernn almost without problem As “a completely
normal observation group.” as Reimer Quade. head of
the Schwerin Criminal Police Directorate. assures us. the
ex-Stasi people are now serving to combat most serious
crimes, “as we also know this from the old lacnder

However, the people from the Heiberg are in no way

“simple employees.” as Quade hkes to pretend The
Schwerin unit 1s now also proving its worth for the west
German constitutional protection According to onc

GERMANY 7

mvestigator. thes already observed occupied houses. in
which “activists of the extra-parhamentarn scene” are
assumed to live

The old comrades are working in somilar wavs im the
other cries of the ex-GDR_ In Leupzig the \ -c:aplovees
gathered again wm an “Organized Crome Ubservation
Group™. m Gera thes are, unnotwed or undisturbed, in a
Covehan Task Force (ZEG)

As m the past. the dic-hard mvesimators are trying to
cover ther ongins with the help of carctully worked out
dentites. Asked by DER SPIEGEL about his past,
Woltgang Rehse. 38. head of the Schwermn unit, swsts
that he was hired “directly” by the former GDR Intenor
Monsstry (Madi) and not by Enoch Moclke’s Stasi Monestry
And Rehse'’s deputy. Ench Kray. *3. also refers to a
“contract with the Md.” In the presence of his supe-
rvors, Kray insists—perspiring and « ringing his hands—
that he was “never pand by the MPS.”

Thes may well be, because acoording to a secret Stas:
directive. whoch called for a particularly caretul “shicld-
ing’ of the L-emplovees “against berng directly linked
with the MPS the PU ons were officially directly
subordinate to the Intervor Ministry and to the infamous
Criminal Commrissariats |

Their formal assignment was to contribute wrth ~s..-fer-
cover forces” —as an order by former GDR fntcror
Minister Fnednch Dickel of 1982 savs—to “fulfilling
special tasks of security and personal checks” and to
averting “hostile attacks agaist the GDR’'s general secu-
rity and state system ~

“Tasks. work methods. forces. means. and service
otyects” of the 1 U). however, were expressly declared “a
State secret” by the minister. It was even prohibited to
put the personal files of the units “into the memory
hanks of the Cadre Administratron” —which was quite
unusual

Secret documents. which are available to DER SPIE-
GEL. and statements by former Stas: officers now prove
that tasks and work methods of the 1 U) Office” not only
required “its constant and direct cooperation” with the
Stas, as Dicke!’s order sand. “In the end” its emplovees
were “almost exclusively” (one ex-officer from Berlin)
full-tume MfS emplovees. they were. as has been shown
now on the salary lists of the Stas: apparatus These lists
contain 37° names of L-cmplovees (as of the end of
1989)—coded and with additional information—under
the subhead of “Ministry of the Interor”

The fact that the undercover investigators were able to
save ther yobs in the united republw ws duc to the
“especially imtricate shiclkding” of the U-cmplovees by
the SED [Socialest Unity Party of Crermany| regime. asa
former officer of the responsilc Stasi Main Department
VIll says

18 GERMANY

According to latest findings by the people responsibic for
dissolving the Stasi, the circle of U-cmplovees was “lim-
ited to the absolutely necessary minimum number.” in
line with the MfS orders. Their work was reserved to
tasks of “special security policy omportance.” as a
“guideline” of the Main Department VIII (Confidential
Matter 001 3D-93/86) savs. Thes were used under very
“special requirements to ensure secrecy and confident:-
ality.”

“Primarily newly hired employees” of the MES were used
as U-emplovees. No other official emplovees were per-
mitted among their family members. Not even “family
relanonships with representatives of publi life” were
permitted

In addition. the “unknown ones” were ecncrally “not
permitted to enter official facuities and installations of
the MfS or M&S facilities which were known to the public
as such.” Their accommodation in so-called U -facthities
had to be “kept appropriately secret” also “from other
members” of the MfS. Even internal personal files were
not permitted 1O CONTAIN “any spec ifie information on a
person's work as | -cmplovec. on particular on hes wen
tity

No wonder that citizens committecs and the pooplic
responsible for dissolving the Stasi. such as Special
Commusssoner Joachim Gauck. have so far been “mostly
im the dark concerning the work and wentity of |

employees.” No wonder that the past of the |
U-investigators also remained in the dark when thes
were taken over by other units

Even the “Prelominary MES Service U net ¢ ipher ( ode

for deciphering the Stas: salary documents. which the
people responsible for dissolving the Stas: have been
using since the revolution. did not allow the uncovering
of these emplovees Only a special “application hand
book.” to whech only a few selected officers had access
provides the decisive information for linking two
codes—for cipher number 609000) which led to the trace
of the alleged Intenor Ministrn, emplovces

whech had |S members until!
n structure and cam

The Schwerm troop
recently. 1s practically exemplar
ouflage. In lone with secret MIPS orders. an observation
group was supposed to const of “at least i4 I

emplovees.” who. as cover, had to accept
employment im the armed organs of thei ck pendent
INStitulhons —for criample = the Midi with ws mans

Organs

Trtitpous

The location of the service faciltres ms to hy chosen in
such a was. the Stas: servece writers Say that of «
impossiPlic to look into them and that entry and cart can
take place larect) without heing obser cd A potential
check of the cars must “not permit an mks to tx
established with the VIN
know ss to he
members of one's own service unit
unknown «s\ stem worked to the last Thy nvcstigators

And the circle of people on the

rigorously mited ‘cr aS

remained undiscovered when in Ob tomer vAY TP

FBIS-WEL -91-1°
17 July 1991

observed the revoluthon demonstrations im Schwcrin’s
city center in order to sdentify “decadent persons” under
the password “Jewel ~

The U-emplovees also remained undiscovered when on
spring 1990 members of the cituzens’ commutices wer
first told about the secret activities on the Sovect pre
mises. Berlin Licutenant Colonc! Heinz Roessicr bead
of the undercover agents
skeptical civil activists by referring to alleged polwe
work

successtully rcassured the

The system of hes even worked when m autumn 19%
Deputy East Berlin Internal Affairs City Councillor
Peter Haupt claimed to have discovered crvihan imves
tigators im the changed Berlin People's Polhwe The
people in gucstion are used only in “discovering latent
crime and “implementing preventive measures.” Dies
tel’s Intenor Ministry immediate! pointed out

The Lewpzig Intenor Ministry os still contesting the
findings. The “top secret” alleged police investigators. 1
S Sand there. were not real Stas: emplovecs. “Even
though they were “on the MES salary Insts.” not even the
investigators themscives knew that. it 1s clarmed with a
weird hog “hecause thes were pand cash tor reasons of
sCTeeN

Even Gauck’s associates on the Stas: archives have hardly
made any progress in clarifveng the maticr They make
finds mostly only if “operational group leaders” of the
l -teams or their deputies were semultancous! regrstered
as “officers with special tasks (ODE) In thes way. Ingo
Mouctier. 4°. and Dectmar Crerester. 37. were uncovered
m Lewpzig and (hwald Terschansh:, 80. mm Schwerm
Most of the UL -emplovees. however. are registered only as
w-called sev units proects (Sivoo) of the former VtmSN Mlaw
Department Vill

\coording to a Stas: archivest from Saxons. Sive opton
mation mainly served the
agaINS INGUISITIVE access — "SO as NOT to let any arr eet to
them ~ Whenever data of an emplovex
tered as a security provect. was demanded. the flow
information was automatically, Mocked w as to
the emplovee 's identity

professional shicid ne

who was reer

rer. yt ’
; .'

()roush. some of the affected persons knew the sv stem
quite well During thew first checks Stas archrv rests
found oul that rent of the Srivo f hes were vhyy aPUrSt \

destroved on purpose” during the revolution

60 Percent of Former GDR Army Property Returned

oP OCTTISY! Bertin NEUE ZEIT om Germas
itJuni Vl ad

NZ ADN- report The Bundesachr Releases Mhor

Burlidings and j and

Text) Detense Minister Crerhard St licenbere has
»

released another ‘ meves ' real cstah iy f on

hectares that used to be used tor milrtary purryMrsc® if

PRIS-WEL 91-17
17 July 1991

the ncw lacndecr As was stated by sowrces in the Defense
Mbarstrn, on Finday. thes fourth reicase of land and
buskdings rs intended to promote the coomomy on the ace
lacndct

The property that was released includes ©) picoes mm
Mecklenburg-Western Pomerama 437 om Brandenburg
srs om Saxony-Anhalt, 15 om Thuremngia. $6 om Saxony. and
cmgit on Bern. Thus. 60 percent of the 2.250 picoes of
properts on Pushdengs and land. ehech were taken over by
the Bundevechr. have been returned to the gencral stack
of tederally owned land More property 1s to be gradually
returned hy 1994-95

Lack of Officers, Ealisted Men Predicted

10 75075 280) Hametere DIE WELT om Gorman
1S Ju vipd

[Rucdecr Momac report “Nember of Votuntecrs for
Bundeswehr ls Too Low”)

| Text) Bonn— The Bundesechr on the united Crermany is
taceng cnormows difficulties mm recrusteng the required
number of officers to sgn up for longer periods of tome
and om recrusieng eninted men The reason. which has
alarmed the leaderstup of the Defense Miner but
whech has also so tar prevented from speaking out m
pubic and from investigating the causes. rs that sence the
middle of the cighties the number of young men volun-
teerong for service om the Armed Forces has stcadsly
declined A decreawng number of voung men want to
become soldrers Thus. it has become clear that mm some
sectrons of the Bundewsechr. the number of officer can-
dodates will not be sufficrent to cower the demand In
oommeng vears. there will be a shortage of voung men m
the motor zed infantry force. the armored infantry force
the nuctear, bologecal, and chemecal ecapons defense
torce, and the artillery force There well also be a lack of
personne! not only om the A Force and the Navy. but
also om the medial servce. where the stuatron has
somewhat rmproved recentl owing to the admiwon of
tomate appln ants

Looording to recent calculations. the Bundevechr needs
2080 offeer candidates m 199) Wath 2090 officer
candidates the Bundesechr hopes to rmprove the struc-
ture of (ts menemum strength of professsonal soldiers and
solders who sgn up for a longer perad of tem | despite
its refuctron of the peaceteme strength to 370.000 men
The beadersfup wants to ensure that a therd officer will be
assigned to every unit (company batters) te cnsure
attractive and high-quality trarning for those dorng hasx
moelitary service. Thos 1s not the case at present. as | M of
a total of 842 wnets of the | Army Corps have only one
offer

In secw of the low number of applcants. the whuaton
atll probally detenorate Morcover. not everybody rs
surted for molrtary service In 1984 the rateo of applicants
to those acoepted was ell 7 |) The troop was able to
select the best to a certam extent In 1990 the rato was
41 Thess tendency contenucs unabated.” the command

GERMANY 19

afl of the Armed Forces seted m an mtcrnal paper
According to cuperts. a gpencral tomdcncs aay trom the
multary 1 to be ofecrved—at east om Cecrmam Even
the hope of Defense Meontn, offioal that encmplos-
ment moght icad to a rrec on applacatroms. partaularly m
the ace lacndcr has not heen fulfilled Thus there me alo
a lack of enlisted men (6% | ful. the Bendesechr eas
short of onc Quartet of the total rogurrement of cninted
men The Aq Force eas not ac to cmplo. more than
eo) of the required 408) men

The commanding general of the | (orm. Lecutenant
(sencral Klaus Naumann. tears an mcrcased cticct on the
troop The general. whe rs to assume rewpomwbelety for a
“healthy” Bundcsechr as tar as structure cgurpment
and motrvation are concerned. sees a lemk The fewer the
leaders om the units. the poorer and lew challenerng the
trammung of those downg hasx mulrtary serv nce will be, and
the spurits of the vowng men eho pot hang about m the
troop will he corresponding!) dampened

Thes tendency 1s strengthened hy a dev chopment toler.
ated th the Federal Groverement In the 199) draft
budgct. the Defense Menrstry «as requested to organize
the reduction of profewsonal srldeers and solders eho
wgn up for a longer pete to 1708) men Is the end of
1994 ma “connal” manner However the means that
the lack of mstructors, whech has carted for vears and
whoch has not been chemenated would he rm corperated om
the new structure The prospects of seach a dev chopment
are alarmong tor leadeng offers They de not under-
stand ehy Detemse Moenester Crorhard Stottenberg ns
mabing lithe cflort to step thr trend

* Movement Noted in fF astern Housing | parading
VIGEOIER Frank tert Maen PRAINATURTER
1 LGE MEINE on German 14 Jen Ol pe

[Artcte fy Lt) “Rehateletateon Is | reent. Praw Adam
Scheactzer Notes Fert Seccewses om Howswng ( omsetruc
thon on East”)

[Text] Berlin —Federal Menestcr of C omstraction \dam
Scheactzer secs rnetial seccewsecs on the cchaPlrtatron of
the entire arling howseng on the new Lacnder The moenestet
sand on Berlen that the v arrows and programs would hx
morcaungly used In Saxony. Anhalt alome 25 0) appl
cathoms have been made for sulodics amounting to “HO
millon Grerman marks (19M) wthech the boderal Growern
ment grants thes vcar for howseng Comstrectoon as part of
the Community Actron | pwarng Fast The Recometrex

thon Loan Corporation ethech has leenhed a DMIO
tulhon credst program. has recened more than “7 nH)
applications and ower 1.10") are added day The Cor

poration thus far has commeiticd credits ammownteng to
DM? S telbon. abut DYMER 4H) melon has already heen
desbursed Theres perimets the Com cheseon that ahowt SOUND
apariments are nore borng rohatwlrtated eith creeds from
the maxdernizatron program

Rehativtation and modermisatron arc erpent to case the
serious howwng shortage om the new Lacndet the menetet

CERVIANY

* Rerden of C.TIR'« Peay hewemctal legacy Wicighed

ais Met 71 =
7 July 109) GERVIANY "
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24 GERMANY

also directed against one’s Own person in such a way that
it only became evident in later psychosocial illnesses, or
had to be paid for with a considerable loss of vitality and
enjoyment of life.

In my publications after the “turnaround™ | tried to
demonstrate that Stalinism was the way of life of an
entire people, and no one was spared the psychosocial
consequences of repression. Of course, one can and must
distinguish between consequences relevant under crim-
inal law, moral failure. and plain human weakness. but
even such significant differences cannot deceive us that
all of us were affected. An attentive public reacted to that
with the question whether, in my opinion, an entire
people would have to undergo therapy. | see a danger
linked to this formulation of the question: It might put
sMO Question the seriousness of the required reflection
through pointing to a possibly exaggerated. generalizing
and unrealistic interpretation. thus slandering the psy-
chosocial dimension of these processes. | also see in it
defense mechanisms against possibly and very probably
having been affected. Unfortunately. defective psychic
developments in the subjective fecling of the individuai
are the lesser es 1! compared to the strenuous and painful
effort of perceiving. remembering. and changing. Insight
into a reyected psychic problem always causes fear, rage.
shame, and sadness over harm inflicted. over constric-
tions and warpedness. over losses and missed chances in
lite

nly this fact makes me understand why we humans
adhere to our self-destructive behavior despite knowing
better, despite existing insight into its harmfulness. This
applies to individuals as well as entire societies, if one
considers, for instance. how the industrial nations are
heading toward an ccological catastrophe. although all
the alarming data have long been known. We were not
allowed to have feelings and express them in differenti-
ated ways, but rather, as a rule we were punished and
ridicuied if we showed anger or pain. The collective
efforts of pain repression give indirect indications of
how much pain and misery dwell in all of us. Were we to
open ourselves to external suffering (if we were truly to
feel the destruction of the env ronment. the poisoning,
the poverty), we would also have to again feel our own
inner suffering. For this reason we prefer to stay closed,
Stay remote, and at most work on symptomatic
“combat” measures without really changing anything

if
On the basis of the turnaround and unification policy,
this collective repression mechanism at present can be
observed directly in Germany. In 1, eastern and western
Germans play two roles in the same drama, only they
represent two different sides of the same com. Ws do not
want true insight into our affectedness and guilt, into our

constrictions and warpedness, rather, we want “quick
salvation.” The defensive nature of our behavior

becomes evident, for instance, in our car-buying frenzy
We want to have the better and more powerful cars.
without having either the roads, parking places, or really

FBIS-WEL -91-137
17 July 1991

the money, which we would need urgently for more
important things. We think we are choosing freedom and
we get stuck in traffic jams. The automobile seems more
important to us than our fuiure. and especially more
significant than the way we live together

Rapid unification, the effort to repress the past (for
example. talk about a general amnesty and the denial of
the milhons of destroyed and burdened human relation-
ships that could be made clear through the Stas: files. the
revaluation of a blocs party to a party of power) are
merely a few indicators how strong the need must be for
us to quickly flee mto a new security. This was also
promoted by the western side above all. and thus an
autonomous. gradually maturing development was pre-
vented here. As an excuse. economic pressures. the
actual political situation and the wish of people for rapid
unification were mentioned, but the ultimate superiority
of west German culture and way of life were probably
also to be demonstrated and secured. thus repressing any
possible critical question for a long time to come. Espe-
cially the “leftists” on western Germany are disappointed
that we have not implemented their revolutionary hopes
and that. because of our lack of political culture. a
considerable setback 1s occurring in all of Germanys

This common German past so far had its worst defective
societal development under national socialism. The
largest part of the German people were not only involved
as victims. For this reason one must also ask how thus
massive abnormality was overcome. After the collapse of
the Third Reich the partition of Germany offered the
possibility of avonding a true coming to grips with the
past. The Americans obligated the western Germans to
parhamentary democracy and opened for them the
opportunity of the “economic muracle”. the Russians
torced the eastern Germans to build up socialism under
an ideological hegemony—not only were both sides fully
occupied with shaping the present so that the past could
fade away immediately. they were also brought up in
mutual hostility and reciprocal prejudices. With the new
external enemy image. the latent evil in individuals
could be brought under control and diveried to the
outside. These reciprocal projections were soon joined
by chances for detachment: We could use [prevailing]
conditions to excuse Our inner Misery, Our constriction.
cowardice and opportunism and push our unlived
freedom over the wall. The western citizens, on the other
hand, did not have to relate their inner poverty, their
smallness and weakness to themselves, because they
could delegate these traits as characteristics of castern
Germans

Thus we have mutually contributed to conceal the
burden of our past. In western Germany. disagreeable
critics were threatened: So go over there to the cast! With
us, dissidents were declared “class enemies steered by
imperialism” or “expatriated™ to the west. In this way
the existence of two German states made it possible for
both systems to stabilize power in order to prevent
fundamental critical questions on the concept of society
and overcoming the past

FBIS-WEL -91-137
17 July 1991

In my
(Berlin 1vV0) |

drome tor GDR conditions ocaus ! sull

wy 4

faction Of essential Dasn psychos
tonal blockage as a result 1 POTIMNeINe !
emotions and imimucal t \. But i am pe I 1
ine Nvpothesis ihat w isc ins ay nb
common. tundamental psychos
found on. lw a . TY ni AT " rms ’

— . i. . : ’
Qgucnces OF Cceicctive so ee n
different compensations for u. Wi mn (

mans understandably, reacted w

depressions to the encompassing oppress Mest
(sermans had to show ercak ‘ ]

ciency Mm ord rl SUL \ gint ' ’

maticr whal thei truc psyc! \ ‘
health and psychosocial stress uruy j

Ton SUIK ides d ,oOrccs ] |
; ’ . rit '
GUespite #reater prosp ing \ }
west, arc in NO way ss ina ind w
want to deny that t Aa ! ; ;
SOMPCLY must N | is i? —" 7.
d sorders We Jit cT unicring im ’ ‘
T rr i snot ty ‘ ;
‘ iG sa wusil :
‘ } he ,
sp | ’ ig? : ag \5
l ltumat 1 f rns
Net ‘ vA sNou : rcs ) ‘ } ‘
mit at 7) rye a« ; <7 ? . . "
:
which sluesS ar cj ‘ sis «? di
inswuer | ins guest nm ss tia / ' : 1%
: . ' ’ ft
principle. Instead it 1s accepted as fevid
Ve ’ thre tnnumph ' +) « 4
1? “> } «? niar r) <7 ‘ } , ¥ "
| » bh rt | te. oa] ’ “’?
ais \ ie) ul ‘
debate whether we might 1 T ket dit!
ry “7 , , , |
‘S | ieas |
thine ' , , ’
r a! sw ‘\ " ‘ ’ ‘
nif Te tS natura ' Mala y [ "
(ur noOwica iastrop! if
+> , +) ; 7 _/ 7, , ; — , ‘ ‘ "
: iT) 14 ny a‘ ML ’ ‘ } |
rising PTCyspn rit\ rouuil if AP! . ’ ’ i’
} ‘ " ‘; ‘
" has cause md sa yg j
resis I hers hor the tru pr bhherse oof th ‘ byl thy
human sur ‘a may tt nocaled hel 1 ¢, =

(scrman ssucs

’
people are only ready tor bitter insight, a parntu n
tf. grips with their ipnorma attit TT iWmhl siren
change, when th ire rea doing badly and at d
Crisis Sore P t that are ti yup! o +} ts)] ; ~

| ‘ " " +} th , ‘ s «)

Aas SOMT Wi Aapait ‘ } ™ ne 4
whi h oT ned up J sulst Tul Satitya ? ‘ '
yutsrcte “her im inner pur ' if n " cf

Gserman unification in the process of an cast-west
Cilatwon so tar has remained a supert ’ ‘L
wrested trom surrounding pressures, but tl nner d
cen ituation. the emotional blockage and tt f
detens ind COTTE nsatiion mm Myanimns Nay rycst
overcome by a long shot. From this aspect of - ©

GERMANY -

, ’ | ns. : 7? tscrTn , ‘ :
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New Rail Lines Speed Up Freight Transport

{,/ iJ j ) : py ay
Renort | “AT? Now | bs ,
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t* mnsport wt T r rs "we ;
hefween <h ppers ar 4 \1
wor) by] ' ‘ ’
Sy ‘ ’
my " ee the
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1 by Bundeshba!l ’ taal | 4 '
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pal Ap 7 | ‘ 4 '

Wuerzbure route Now tl '

na thy ’ TY? ‘
t rniont | +?
ts, va ’ 5
| " ' ‘ ‘ +?

26 GERMANY

particularly in sectors involving rather long distances
This is especially true of the Hamburg-Munich and
Bremen-Stutigart routes. At night a train travels between
these two economic centers in each direction without
making any other stops along the way. Given a positive
response in the transport market these offerings. which
are still called “pilot lines.” will be expanded later on.
according to the Bundesbahn

the InterC argoExpress uses newly designed freight cars
to transport containers and replaceable containers. To
transport gencral and jyob-lot freight between Hamburg
and Munich the railroad is operating twin-aale sliding
door cars with freight securing. On the Bremen-Stutigart
route the small parcel treight 1s transported in general
freight containers which make house-to-house transter
transport possible

The new transport times of about nine hours for the
roughly S(#)-kilometer long Hamburg-Munich route and
the approximately cight hours tor the Bremen-Stuttgart
run achieve times which need not tear being compared to
truck performance. By gaining about two hours in com-
bined treight transport (AL V) 11 1s possible with the most
io have receiving and
closing times tor treight after 2000 and delivery times
before 0600 on these long routes. House-to-house trans-
is reduced to less than 24 hours on the general
Those are extremely competitive
compared to freight

recent change in the scheduk

,

port tim
yob-lot treight sector
improvements tor the railroad as
transport by road

Another product 1s InterC argo. In the 1991-92 schedule
year the railroad 1s offering under this name additional
reight transport which are patterned after the
connections. Marting

services in?
gualit, standards of the Intercits

in June the improvements incluck

¢ Reshaping the InterC argo offering mn respect to ship-

ping in the Bremen harbor sector

ndependent InterC argo link between
Hambure ind Munich

¢ Handling 24 Inter€ argo trains on the new Hannover-

120 kph

¢ Creating an

WW Ut r7hvure rout 471th a maaan ry speed of

By shiftine train formation from Bremen to Bremer-
haven the rarlroad 1s also offering new direct connections
from the mouth of the Weser River to Mannhemm
Stuttgart. Wuerzburg. Nuernberg. and Munich. Together
with mcreasing the speed to 120) kph users of this
offering benetit from saving up to three hours

In the case of the InterCargo trains which reach 120 kph
on the new route. starting in June naturally only freight

cars whose undercarriage 1s suited to high speeds may be
used Pri

were informed bw th

tte trewht car operators and leasing companies
Bundesbahn’s central office om
Minden about the mecrease in speed for these fremht
trains. Al pr loaded tank cars
may only be used on fremght trains with a maximum speed

nt tor reasons of satets

cyt inp © lin kpn

FBIS-WEL -91-137
17 July 1991

In combined freight transport the railroad 1s planning on
another 20-percent increase in transport volume this
year. Twenty percent 1s seen as being realistic. Thus. to
support the change in the schedule the number of trains
was increased by 6! to 485 KLV trains. Of these. 262
trains are being used in international transport alone

While transport by road 1s becoming noticeably more
crowded and slow-moving. the railroad 1s now pushing
very hard on speed. “The central office in Frankfurt says
that in respect to the EC internal market the Bundesbahn
with its 1991-92 schedule 1s making an important con-
tribution to solving questions related to environmental
and transport policy.”

* Japan's Slow Approach to Europe Charted
YIGEU3S34 Frankfurt/Main FRANAFURTER
IWLLGEMEINE in German 6 Jun 91 p 15

[Peter Odrich commentary: “Japan Discovers Europe” |

[Text] Tokyo—For a long time Japan found it difficult to
take the entity of the European Community seriously
This becomes understandable only by taking into con-
sideration the fact that for 300 yvears—until the middle
of the 19th century—this island state had been com-
pletely cut off from the rest of the world by its rulers
From that penod ideas of national unity. that completels
excluded even a partial renunciation of sovereignty.
remained. It seemed inconceivable to Japanese officials
entrepreneurs, and to most citizens that the citizens of a
country, solely by their own decision, are allowed to live
and work in another country. Therefore. the EC for a
long time was dismissed as an unimportant. artificial
entity. When toward the end of the 1980's the European
inland market started to come closer. some Japanese
especially entrepreneurs, were finally ready to face this
phenomenon intellectually. But with the slogan of “For
tress Europe” the EC at the same time started to take on
forms that forced the Japanese into an opposing posi-
tion. Then something happened in relations between the
Far Eastern rsland empire and the EC that was all grist to
the mills of original Japanese thinking: German reunifi
cation—at least as Tokyo saw it—seemed to brush aside
the entire Europe tuss. For a short time—to be expressed
only in months—the finding generally gained acceptance
that now, finally. the facts trrumphed over the fantasies
in Europe. a united Greater Germany promises to
become the dominant power to keep order

In the beginning. numerous Japanese entreprencurs and
politicians were all too ready to believe mn the end of the
daydreams of a European Community. But then only a
few months later tacts brought them back to the reality of
the (European) tacts. First of all, the difficulties of
integrating the new laender into the FRG: were substan-
tially more serrous than it was considered possible in
Japan. What mmitially was supposed to take little mor
than a few months will extend over many vears. Japan
cannot overlook that either—nor does nu do so. Too
many Japanese entreprencurs went to castern Germany

FBIS-WEL -91-137

17 July 1991 GERMANY 27

in the first flush of expe laons—and returned with a
picture that was characterizecé more by difficulties than
by the prospect of quick successes

Secondly. « was the German attitude that surprised
Japan. There was no mention at all about Greater
Gsermany. Al the same tome the declaration in favor of
Europe was repeated. even strengthened. in spite of all
reunification efforts. Not until Germany's avowals of
Europe afier reunification were the facts brought home
to the Japanese. What seemed to be a European day-
dream up ull now. all of a sudden was accepted as
looming European reality. This rethinking process was
supported not leasi by the efforts of other European
countries, especially Switzerland and Sweden. to Jom the
F«

When EC President Delors was un Tokvo this May. the
EC was taken seriously for the first time by Japanese
officials and entrepreneurs. In thes respect the Delors
visit represented a turning point in Japan's relations with
the EC. The first reactions of the entreprencurs to the
Delors visit are hard to miss: The Japanese companies
will direct their European cflorts even more strongly
toward the EC

In retrospect, 1 1s of Course casy lo assume a grotesque
misjudgment of the EC to the Japanese. But 1 must not
be overlooked that the Europeans by no means are
completely innocent with respect to the incorrect assess-
ment. European officials and politecians for years have
visited the Japanese capital. Basically. they hoped for
investments. In domg so most of them are not even
interested in their homeland but frequently only mm their
region. be at North Rhine-Westphalia. Baden-
Wuertiemberg. or parts of France. of Spain. or other
European countnes. All of them talked only about the
advantages of their region and rarely missed an oppor-
tunity to speak negatively about other parts of the E¢

As a result the Japanese had concluded there could not
be much to the EC. But the more pronounced a common
European toreign trade policy has become lately. the
more the Japanese recognized their mistake. How many
Japanese cars per year will be permitted to be sold in
Europe i the future and whether a “Japanese” car
manutactured in Europe will be classified as a Japanese
or European car will be determined by Brusscls—and
not. for example. by North Rhine-Westphalia or Alsace-
Lorraine or the Itahan Mezzogiorno

Japanese foreign trade policy in the future will certains
be strongly influenced by this surprisingly quick
rethinking. For the first time there rs an alternative with
respect to the United States—Europe. Morcover. for the
matter-of-fact Japanese businessmen a hig European
domestic market of 350 milhon people means far more
than it does to some Europeans. But Europe should react
to Japan's changed attitude. The petty horse trading
about the car import quotas, and especially the recogni.
thon of lapanese cars produced in Europe as “European

cars. does tar more harm to devcloping closer relations
between Japan and the EC than ut benefits some compa-
nies in Europe

* Japanese Slow To Invest in New Laender

VIGEUS43B Ducsseldort UIRISCHAFISUOCHI
ndserman 14 Jun ¥l pp 134. 136

[Mantred Fischer article “Double Mission” |

[Text] The well might be there. but they have not vet
dared to have confidence. In any case that 1s the impres-
sion which Japanese companies Currently convey when-
ever investments mn the new lacnder are at rssuc

Frank .. Moeser, manager of JEP (Gsermany). Lid. mn
Duesseldort, knows that “there os great mmterest.” As a
consultant to Japanese companies he docs. of course
receive Many inquirics aboul opportunitics for compa-
nics in the new lacnder. but fear of the new country sll
dominates. In addition to the unceriamt, there are
mirasiructure problems which cause mvestors trom the
other side of the globe to wart and see

But this will soon be history. Sons. manufacturer of
enieriainment clectronics. intends to dare to take a
spectacular step toward the cast Sony strategists seem
determined to shift large parts of ther European mar-
keting center from Cologne to Berlin. Sony manager
Rainer Wagner. who rs responsible for the proyect. 1s
quite far along im his negotiations on Berlin

There has been a notwceable increase om the interest of
Japanese companies im investing in Grermany The FC
internal market 1s improving sales opportunities for
companies which are mght on the scene. In thers, thus far
the Japanese have preferred the Britesh Isles as ther
locus. Whereas mm 1989 the total of derect mvestment im
the former FRG did pass the threshold of pust $1 bilhon
$5 bilhon went to Great Briam. Te be sure. in the
previous vear the Japanese investment balance sheet for
Grermany showed just $400 million

In the past most imvesiments ended up im holding
companies, and were thus aimed at mvesting money
There were only a few industrial commitments—
primarily in clectroni technology. machine building
and paper. Hoever. sence April of thes vear, the Ohuma
Corp.. the Japanese machine tool giant. has had a
S0-percent stake on the Herbert Walter Tool and
Machine Building Co. Lid. mm Baden Wuertiemberg
Currently Yamazaki Mazak. Lid. 1s venturing to take
the step to castern Grermans. together with Ernst Haat
Lid.. the western Geerman manutacturer of automobile
accessones. The two proncers are om the process of
establishing a marketing center for Japanese lathes in the
vicinity of Leipzig. With the pont venture ¥ amazaki also
intends to explore the marketing opportunities im
Eastern Europe and the USSR

This could become a model proyect: Business consultant
Moeser reports that “many Japanese would venture to

_ PBIS-WEL -91-137
» GERMANY 17 July 1991

aac inc sicp toward castern Gecrmany togcther aith a reconstruction aulhort, wit st ’ }
mas —— . ; , ,
acs is rT pan . } mar . 7 rT anuta suring Fast m ent pearss n Ai na a ws tat 1] iow? wecsl 4
~“mrae ™ os vr . . :
er) $42 DWSINCSS Parinecr who is an CAPCTI in maticrs (scrman CNICTPTiscs 4 rding 1 A lgane CoecrTsi
| Marikct and mentality worth hard cash Derg. Structural researcher at the Mur Miilule |
: F oom rT) Rew ar > +? iruwst «) a. tha }
~OnCT “. sscTal Manulacturing companies trom
, . P . lapancs« COM SO IMhal Cecrmar musi sah :
lanan ha maar ; . . : - —_ : ; ’
apa m ured into the new lacndc These include
\ wn " Ir a h . oo mast tise -—-*
; J : es printis nN
4nuUurac lure > n ne AS The char cs of < a« "1 mart + ot << »
° .
+s SUMS ' Hartn ann \ { iscrman 4 n
4 ; ». Lid are not had Biren Brew ‘ pert IncTs
; _ -—*? 7 ; - .
' Hascs ) mir in omura Research

discussions mn Japan In part

le . ‘ ’
ts. tad r vr ’ . 4 \ wv ’ le

’ : h Arka | i> sand : nN Japar has Peer prepar g ; . mt« teas
ry - ” ’ _ | rt rr a , , » ty | » | .

; . Sid i sia ur ne iClLin machines Nn months “ith nftorn iT : sh rer wm oF ‘ " .<ea-re

° ; j we
, :
(sermans T he Non ura NTOKCTAE ‘ i ne is Non ura
. om at TS Research subsidiary distribute brochures whic Sut

\ : ‘ ' sSeT l rad if nN In i's VOTKINg on a ; = ”
os . .r ; ro rye : posed te ‘ minat< arstir ‘ if riaint ‘

: argc prorect together with the Japancs
Maruben: Corp and the Finnish Neste-h conglom

the . , The publication with tt Na ’ : | iT ratit
af It r r r Gg ' Purld d r™ trorcum re tinery Nn P e ¢ : :

Rostock tor mor thar IN y on Fastern (rermany provides a mut sites} SiS ru

cCCONOMINC OUTIOOK and attests 1 ‘“ at? yur | ‘ ’

Even with these activities the Japanese continuc to lag between 6 and percent per rte ihe neat 1) years
’ _ | . ’ "se? Dy ’ ‘ | . : -~* Py s) ™

far behind tt pportunities. The companies from the =" _ the region studied. In a gS quit

bar Fast at irrently «ts “a ting unt the, are ma Clear for Nomura ‘ lakar y lar sree free look (wr

position to Detter assess market devclopment—and until many 1s Decomung the center of industr peal fos 4
msport and information flow more smoothl, Shon activities on Europe Thus. we must not an te +1
(oda 1 lakenaka construction congh mecraic And the business yournal NIHON KEIZAI promises its

., ‘thal things i take off om the fall or at the readers that “Germany 1s the b ness OF '
mwecginning of al vear In ther offices in Duesseldorf But tin S pressing tor niu . .
Hambure Frankfurt and Berlon the constructor per
sone Na heen Studying devclopment in the cast for ( amera manutacturer Niko ' nat waiting docs
months without thus far being able to decide in favor of — 9t pay. The Japanese optics experts had then r
Tee pT ' Pentacon Dresden itd Yor Hew nh Mandermanr
who is caperienced in nstruction and wl iTS ago
lr racr ft sSircnginen t? lanpanes nmitiative H rg saved Rolk arneras tron | \ ‘ ? rye '
H head of the Trust Ager plans to take a trip to them Mandermann wa i S

| ‘ : | Nu cr , ‘> part ; t Pre Hye riun produ ‘ ad a! }. nis ‘

FBIS-WEL -91-137
17 July 1991

Wrap-l p of Current Albanian Refugee Situation
1£ 1307103291 Rome ANSA in Enelish
OSU GMT 13 Jul 91

[Text] (ANSA) Rome, July |2—The Albanian refugee
emergency in Vitaly seems to be over and Immigration
Minister Margherita Boniver Friday confirmed July 20
as the deadiine by which the would-be immigrants trom
the tiny Balkan nation wall be sent back home if they
have proved unable to regularize their position on this
country under one category or another

The following overview was given of the Albamian ref-
ugee Situation to date

There are 11.151 aspiring Albanian immigrants regis-
tered with the offical Itahan employment office. and
2.000 are enrolled in job training courses. Another 4.000
have found work. even though many of these jobs arc
seasonal

ltaly has granted political refugee status to 645 of some
18.000 Albanians whose requests for such status have so
tar been studied

In agreement with Albanian officials. Italy has expelled
120 for disturbing law and order

Intervor Minister Enzo Scott: Friday announced that the
government has fulfilled its pledge to case the refugee
pressure on the southern regions of Pugha and Basilicata
and said that Albamian authorities had given Rome
assurances that no reprisal measures would be taken
against would-be immigrants who were repatnated In
this context, he stressed Italy's all-out concern that
human rights are respected

Nevertheless, there are still Albanians setting off across
the Adriatic in the hopes of finding a better life outside
their homeland

This morning an Italian coast guard patrol rescued 19
Albamians adrift in two rafts some 15 miles off Italy's
southern Adriatic coasthne. Thursday evening | 2 Alba-
mans were picked up by a motoriaunch off the coast of
(Mranto after they had refused rescuc by a Yugosiay
cargoship. All 31 Albamians are currently aboard two
military vessels docked at the port of Otranto awaiting
orders for their repatriation. All of them were men and
were said to be in good condition

* D’Alema of PDS Interviewed on Party Prospects

VIE SONYA VUnian EL ROPEO in Trahan CA-O8 Jun &!
pp 12-15

linterview with Massimo d'Alema. deputy secretary of
the Democratic Party of the Left, PDS. by Daniele
Prott:. place and date not given: “Dear Craxs, Let Us
tL nity. Otherwise the DC [Christian Democratic Party}
Will Crobble U's I p |

[Text] Now that the results of the regronal Sicihan

fwons } " heen filed mw A\ veer (f ‘7 itt iw, 14 ,

ITALY A VATICAN CITY 29

the administrative level are awarting the Andreott: gov-
ernment. beginning with the fateful financial law for
1992 which should become the springboard for entry
into the European Common Market. There 1s no further
talk of early clectrons in October, and at this point, aside
trom C ossiga. the Socialrst congress at Barn 1s expected to
receive the possible blows on the political scence. A
penod of “reflection” 1s berg opened for the PSI [Itahan
Socialist Party}. which must digest its first clectoral
defeat un 15 vears. and for the PDS. which fell to 11.93
percent mm Sicily. Thes ss how Massimo D'Alema. the
Number Two of the PDS. explains the DC victory, the
PSI slow-down, and the ex-Communists’ defeat

[Prottr] The PDS got 11.9 percent mm Sicily. Is that 11.9
percent not an clectoral blow, even leaving aside the past
two difficult vears, the change of name. the competition
of Rifondazrone [Communist Renewal], and the contu-
sion over the symbols, not to speak of Orlando”

[ID Alema] No. 1 1s not a blow. That fact is a point of
departure. Problematic and unsatisfactory. but still a
point of departure. Actually. with the Rifondazione we
are where the PCI [Itahan Communist Party] was in
1990. There was the split. but Rifondazione has not been
devastating. Indeed. on the electoral level I think the
phenomenon will end up being seen for what it 1s. Aside
from the split. the PCT's electoral force mn 1990 (around

,

23 percent) has not disintegrated
[Prott:| How do you expla the DC success”

[1 Alema] One explanation tor the DC success hes mn the
leagues. Southern society 1s grouped around that great
national torce—the guarantor of public cxipense—
against the threat of the leagues. The DC 1s winning in
the South for the same reason it 1s losing in the North

[Prott:] That rs to say. the Sicihan DC electors did Boss:
a tavor’

(1) Alema] They are the two aspects of the Italian crisis
the leagues mn the North and the DC power system in the
South. They are the two aspects of the same crisis
situation of the national state. But there are also other
reasons for the DC success. For example. the division of
the left. All that ventursome campaign over presiden-
tialism and that Socialist line which scems to count on
institutional collapse. strengthens the DC. If the alterna-
tive to the DC presents iself as contusion and an
adventure, then a conservative reflex rs triggered, espe-
cially among the people. What hes ahead for the DC’ A
divided, brawling ieft and a PSI that stirs up contused
plebiscitary campaigns. And so the DC presents itself as
a torce for security from the viewpornt of public cxpen-
ditures and institutional questions

[Prott:| Despite C ossiga”

11} Alema] ©)n the contrary. thanks to C ossiga. C ossiga s
campaign strengthens the Dt

Pr 't) 1 \ strange riryw ratwon

w ITALY A VATICAN CITY

[D’Alema] | do not beheve Cossiga harms the DC. I
believe his Campaign rs diminishing in popularity. And
the DC. with us prudent conduct. profits from 1. Not the
PSI

[Prott:| After thes DC success in Sicily, do you agree with
the forecast of a victory Dy the leagues im the new
political cleclhons”’

[DD Alema] Election results are not decided beforehand
We have entered into a great phase of activity. in politics
and by the Itahan ciectorate. For cxampic. | consider
that if there had not been the referendum. in all proba-
bility the Socialists would have gone to 18 percent wn
Sicily, and we to ¥ percent. In bref, one-third of the
clectoratc 1s changing. and the probiem also concerns the
leagucs. Bul Boss: made a big mistake in the referendum
because he showed hrs truc colors. He 1s a reserve force
for the dominant party burcaucracy. He 1s not a man to
break with the system. He made an agreement with Cran
and found a way to ect along with the DC. The position
on the referendum was not wholly to hrs advantage. But
aside trom Bossi's sensitivity. or lack of ut. Ww the
prospects of power, there remain the real reasons of a
protest against an unjust tax system. against the central
ized and inctiicient state We. too. in the PDS have much
to do to channe! these just protests mto a democratx
direction

[Prot] You wll tx going to the PSI COMETESs What do
vou capect to hear at Barn’

[1D Aiema] Some serious thinking | hope there 1s a
change of direction with respect to the political line the
PSI has followed the last 10 vears. On the one hand. the
policies of a power pact with the DC. and on the other
of clectoral breakdown, thanks to an institutional col-
lapse. have not been successful, That brings the Itahan
left to disaster. and at thes pornt it 1s of no advantage
even to the PSL Hence the problem of political change
arises

[Prott:| Has not C ran: already announced it in some way
in Beirut. by mentioning Socialrst unity on the first place’

[1D Alema] Yes. but even that theme of Socialist unity
Should be treed trom its propagandistic mmplications
Just what 1s Socialrst unity today” Ideological supremacy
of the PSL Socialrst leaders are sending thes message Wi
are the heads of the lett. It sa clear clanm for ideological
not political-programmat No progress 1s
made that way The hestorical left 1s not enough to build
an alternatiy« Another
left. that 1s coming forward trom the ( atholi world and
from civil society. seeks particularly an ethical change in
politics. and ends up by not understanding. and indecd

supremacy

offering to govern the country

reyecting. the watchword of socialist unity

[Prott| \
Democratic power system However, others, even on the
PDS. are talkine about an alternative withoul the PSI of
cise they marntamn. he Lung: Mancon. that

uu Speak of an alternative to the (€ hristian

(hochetto

FBIS-WEL -91-137
17 July 1991

should choose between Crax: and Don Riboldi” And
there are those who do not hide the possibility of an
understanding with the DC against the PSI Can you
explain”

{1 Alema] | emphasize: If the alternative ws to be a
proposal to govern Italy. uo 1s quite cvident that u
involves an agreement with the PSL That docs not mean
thes 1s casy. or pust around the corner. Today the PDS has
two probiems thal cannot be placed one over the other
There a democrat opposition of the left m this
country that should find its point of politcal coagula-
tion. For the ummediate future the PDS has the probiem
of becoming the force that cxupresses a new ieft that today
son the opposition. And Mancon: 1s mght in thes sense
when he recalls the role of Catholic dissent

But if thes arca wishes to propose governing Italy —not
within a month and not within 10) vears—it should take
the socialrst question mto consideration. In terms of
politecal battic, ask the PSI for a change of direction. Let
us not forget that to build an alignment having the
numbers to govern, both Orlando (thal is to say a
(Catholic world that leaves the DC) and Cra: are needed
And t should be time to think about one poant. Let us
put an end to having a subordinate attitude toward
anvone. Including Craxs. At bottom. even he 1s berng cut
down to size

[Protth] How”

[1D Alema]! Crax: was the man tor one political scason
He will continuc to be a leader. but without cultural and
Strategic supremacy over the ieft For heaven's sake, the
PDS has a thousand difficulties, but | am convinced we
are the ones that are hatching the left of the future. The
PSL. taced with the great PCT crises, had that potentiality
a decade ago But ut wasted ut. because insicad of
presenting itself with an ambitious policy for leadership
of the alternative. t followed a medrocre policy. For lack
of foresight. of cultural and strategic generosity We
ourselves had to find thes solution. The PSI has lost an
histor opportunity by throwing itself into the DC's
power Too bad That does not mean the PSI 1s not an
essential interlocutor. But | am not afraid of the PSI Wy
too. have things to do

[Prot] Like others om the PDS”

11) Alema] 1 only say we must pul a stop to the PSI berng
a gadfly to us. which for us 1s a form of subordination. I
happened to me that | was regarded with suspicion
merely because | met Crax: mm a camper in Rimins That
isan infantile form of subordination

[Prott:] Actually. you. who were the most antisocralrst of
the PC1-PD)S. have become the man of PSI dialog

11) Alema] But one must dialog. One must sce past the
lines and programs Being subordinate has two aspects
(ine 1s gorng to dialog with hat im hand. The other 1s
being afrand to dialog We founded a new party especially
to free ourselves of every rrsk of being subordinate

FBIS-WEL -91-13°
17 July 1991

Mexican ‘Conflict’ Resolved: Soares To Attend

L.D1607194191 Lishon Radio Renascenca
in Portuguese to Europe 1800 GMT 16 Jul 91

[Text] Presadent Mano Soares left for Mexico today to
attend the Ibero-Amerncan summit. Al the airport he
reiterated that there had been no misunderstanding with
the prime minister. Maro Soares blamed the news of a
conflict between Belem [presidential residence} and Sao
Bento [prime minister's residence] on the newspapers
and on television reports. He accused the media of being
very imterested im reporting a misunderstanding. which
in reality does not cxrst

Now that the conflict, officially duc to diplomatic prob-
lems with Madnd and with the summit organizers, has
been resolved Portugal will be represented at the highest
level on Guadalajara. Prime Minister Cavaco Silva
leaves for the summit tomorrow

The problem of the Portuguese speeches was also
resolved. It has been agreed with Mexico that both the
president and the prime minister will speak at the
opening session

Socialist Party Publishes New Manifesto

PALI 07090091 Lishon DIARIO DE NOTICIAS
in Portuguese 9 Jul 91 p 3

|U nattnbuted report: “Socialsst Party Manifesto Draws
Diveding Line With Social Democratic Party”)

[Text] The PSP [Socialist Party] clection manifesto
defines practices. pomnts out differences, and presents a
candidate for leadership of the country: Jorge Sampaio
It chooses as its “number-one enemy” the PSD [Social
Democrat Party], a party whose conduct i critecizes
from top to bottom, citing as an instance the prolifera-
ton of “PSD henchmen and their gofathers ~~ In the
document. which will be presented by Jorge Sampaio
today and to which DIARIO DE NOTICIAS has had
aceess, the Socialists draw a dividing line between “a
genuine democracy and a debased democracy.” prom-
ising “Openness. opportunity. greater mgor and respon-
vibility. dialogue. and tolerance”

The manifestu contains 45 pages, comprising 10 sections
thai set out the past that the PSP helped to build and the
future whech ot entends to reach, om key sentences such as
“It was with the PSP that we met the challenge of
democracy, achreved financial recovery. secured entry
inte the EC. and attained constitutional stability, With
the PSP we will meet the challenge of European burlding.
build a supportive and creative Portugal, and accom.
plosh sate change ~

It defines as a “great priority” the cultural battle, which
“has as rts end and means mdividual freedom and the
realivatron of humanist values.” Once in power, the PSP
says that ot well “modernize teaching and learning con-
dithons at schools, so as to prevent pupils with adverse

PORTUGAL uM

home study conditions trom dropping oul. supporting
and recerving them outside the umetabic ~

O -
The document includes equal opportunitics for young
peopic. workers. and farmers. backing a ecnuine national
policy. There 1s talk of improving and protecting the
environment on the basis of the principle of “sustamable
development. namely. linking cconomn devclopment
and environmental concerns ~

With respect to culture. the Socialrsts intend to effect “a
radical change in the alarming state of cultural underde-
velopment cxrsting with respect to the opportunities avail-
able. cxrsting tramuing. or the avaslability of the media”

The PSP accepts as a “national issue” the situation mm East
Timor, and at the same time hacks “progress in Portugal's
European integration.” stating that “European umon will
be an arm to be pursucd without complexes or fears.”

In the arca of employment. it intends to promote quality
linked to vocational tramning. and end the “scandal” of
workers who. while being wage carners. recenve “green
vouchers” [“recibos verdes]. It also rntends to galvanize
social consultation, secking to guarantee the “develop-
ment of labor relations that will encourage productivity
and the real confirmation of workers’ legitimate nmghts.~

Succeed in Lowering Inflation

To succeed mn lowering inflation 1s an important national
aim for the Socialists. They belreve that the process wall
be possible through “a policy of active social consulta-
tron that will make possible increased productivity and
saving.” If 1 rs on power, the PSP says that 1 “wall act so
as to coordinate mcomes policy with a policy of realrstic
reduction of the public deficit un the mitial penod of
deflanon and a monctary policy appropriate to the
escudo’s entry mto European Monetary System's
exchange rate mechanism —

In the section “For a More Just Portugal. tor a Portugal
for All Portuguese People.” the Socialists promise to
provide an answer to the housing problem. guarantee
fiscal fairness, and ensure the efficrency and harmoniza-
tion of the health services (family doctors and consulta-
tions on the same day) In addition, 1 states that i 1s
possible to make social security an instrument of sol-
darity (improve pensions and introduce a guaranteed
mimmum moome), improve the lives of the aged.
combat poverty and social exclusion, and secure a more
accessible and efficient legal system

Regional Elections in 1993

At the end of the section, which sets out the PSP's main
“ambitions” at the local government level and mm which
it advocates regronalization. there 1s a pledge to take the
necessary steps for the 1993 local clectrons to take place
at the same tome as the first regronal clectrons

The PSP says that it has “a government culture, political
leaders, and technical personnel” tor cflective guidance
of the national interest

FBIS-WEL -91-19°
3? SPAIN 17 Jabs 1991

* Najerity Sees PSOF Funding Irregularities DIARIO) 16 One of every seven persons polled cstemates

VIE SOSYAA Vad DLARIL? 16 om \nanie imal ihe responmsiminty for these wreguiariiecs tals on
>? Jun @ , relope (Cronzak pomec munnicr and PSOE [Snanrst
Sociaiest Workers Party “cUTctar ecncrTa
Articic Dy Juan ( arlos Tirado “IC P Rescarch-DIARI
h Po -first paragraph mw DIARE) 16 ewtroductwr Madrnd—An IC P-Rescarch poll finds that $2! peroent
| thos nict wed m™ KM P-Rescarch belecve that th
-a ® i ry ’ ¢ ’ ’ . : : ; :
le 4 ] . Tha T\ | Ypa a! as " | ‘ ri rf nan ne ‘ is * ul . ’ ™ rccni ™\ a. tnrat
Span sh Socualest A whers Part s herng fina 4 t re . ; " rh that supm cts the mart .
gaily. according to an ICP research poll conducted f nurcls lega
‘ ‘é
2 MM A” 7 4 . ss " a> ~
. 44 | om
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Even 28.3 percent of the PSOF’s constituency b , 3 percent to Felipe Gonzalez. Only $6 percent fault
that the party s income rs ilicgall) oMained The Peop Alfonse Crucrra. « ‘% percent taut teu mn
Party tollowse rs ore t havee vw Pu rivet hy that ’ is i, a aaa Tirwoerar ° <4 , hiva ny i.
Socialssts are using ilicgal ways and means of obtarnons rederal ts corvperaett
moncy 736 percent of the PP Poopk s Pari
\n ' ’ » | natitucn ‘ wT nit ’ :
. . . : : {™ i
interviewed responded that the PSO os heonge froma '
: , (nonss ’ ’ horloomenes m th party sa mnt.
iegally. as did 67.8 percent of United Lett (Il land 44 6 '
7, ’ : r fusstl 1? part ‘ rhe eri ’ ar’
percent of Social and Democrate ( cnter i ula irs
Th mMianoerst asthen tt? ‘ rw Now ial and Ih thu Tal
As tf the responsibility tow the yy yf 4 ga tn" in ne / rix » | Vatitiuet ’ 4 th, ‘ta ry mimrater : “* .

.*

x peroent ascribe 7% » The part " oon >) ican aru sahil ; e thy rregulat ; " | ws " ‘ ; , hy ve parts vw it?

FBIS-WEL 91-187
17 July 1991

27.1 percent bebeveng that Gonzalez responwbie for
the PSCE's olicgal frnanceng The majorsty among the PP
voters also fault the prome menestcr. although mm lesser
proportion 15.3 percent of those polled attribute the
responsituints to the socsalest secretary general and 17!
percent to the growp om charge of the party's cconoma
aftaors

In any case. the majorsty of Spamards have a ncgative
opemon of the polutycal parves financeng methods $5 3
percent of the persons polled bebeve that all partes are
illegally frmanced and only 18.5 percent thenk that ther
revenucs come from lawful sources. 15.3 peroent say that
im party funding as om any other maticr. “there 1s a bit of
everviheng

How the Poll Was Taken

Poll was managed and taken by ICP Research (INRA
Spain) Environment Natromeide U niverse Population
of both sexes 18 years of age and ower, reseding m any
Spanish muncipality Suze SOO onterveews distributed
proportionately with respect to population. by autono-
mows commentsces Margen of crror Plus of minus 3
percent for a sgneficance prohabilsty of 95.5 percent
Sampling technique Mixed random selection of tele-
phones and of rndiv nduals by sex and age quotas. Type of
micrvicee Telephone Dates Gathering and processing
of data 21-22 June 1991

* Reportage on PSOE Funding Irregularities
VIP SONYET Vadrid 180 om Spanih 28 Jun 9]

»*) »
pp 234

| Artacte by Jose Clemente “Felope CGeonzalez and Alfonso
(rwerra Keew of Spannh Socwlest Workers Party Par.
alle! Financone Scheme]

[Teat) The story goes hack to 197° when the Catalan
leadersup of the Spannh Socialet Workers Party
(PSOE) decoded te set up two firms mm C ataloma to rane
funds for the Soacvalest orgamzation The financial oper.
atom had a swift and drsastrous endeng a vear later when
several suits were Drought agarnet the saed firms mm the
cowrts of Barcelona on charges of embezziement and
fraud

The forms emplcated om the “sflan” (CARYNSA and
ADP S.A) leapanwons not given] were created by the
PSC PSOE [Socutet Party of Cataloma-PSOE], and the
management! powtonms were accupred hy various mil-
tants of the ( atalan Socsalest orgamzatron These two
firms one of them devoted to the buyeng and sctiing of
vehectes. and the other to graphec arts and advertrwng.
earned more that 20) melon pewtas. that went directly
mite the PSO 's treasery Part of these funds were used
© france the clecten of Narco Serra. the current
deputy prime menmter to Barcefona’s city council
According to the depowtron made to Barcoetona’s | ith
( owrt of Prelemenary E xamenation on 10 February 1983
hy the former Socvalest meltant who denounced the
PSOE s financal scheme both firms were created by

SPAIN u

order of the scorctary of the PSOE Catalan Fodcrateon
Jose Mana Trgincr. who, m March of 1979. convened
prominent icaders of the party to ciplamn to them be
“paralici financong plan ~

In thes depowtion the ertncss states “The soretary
general of the PSOE Catalan Federation revealed to me
that the party needed funds to fimance its activites and
that « had been decoded to cvtabirsh + arrows Commerc!
firms, whose profits would be weed for thes purpos ~

The Barcelona lawyer accepted the asuignment from hes
party boss and ummecdiaich, formed the two companies
that were to rane fends for the PSOE. ( atalan Foedera-
thon muiltants Antomo Paredes Lucas and Santiago
Quintana Moreno. deputy mayor of Santa Mara dec
Barbera. were chosen to bead CARY NSA. The two
Socsuaist beads of the firm sold vwehucies manly to
mulstants of the party and to workers affihated with the
UGT [General Umon of Workers]. charging them also
for the tax on luxury goods

The orregularies were discovered when the local tas
office demanded payment of thes tax by some of the
workers and by Ignacto Pujana, Socialist mayor of How.
pitalct de Liobregat. Through these demands tor pay-
ment of the tax, « was discovered that the CARY NSA
managers had not been turning the tas collections over
to the local tas office Asa result, charges of alleged fraud
started to rain down on the heads of those mmvolved

Also discovered was a pile of notes payabic totaling \)
mulhon pesctas. meeed by CARY NSA. and collected
through the imtermediation of a pris ate investment com-
pany a subudiar of the Spanrsh-Amerncan Bank

(ince the alleged fraud was discovered. the top leaders of
the PSOE Catalan Federation held several meetings. one
of them mm a well-inown restaurant om Barcelona, to try
to resolve the conflict without damaging the party's
mage. masmuch as there was little tome left betore the
mutecipal clectioms that eventuall) won for Serra a scat
on Barcetona’s city counci

Leandro Cerda. prewdent of the ( atalan PSOE. Juan
Ravenios, secretary of the Federatron. Jose Mana Trg
mer, Rodolfo Guerra. and Eduardo Martin Toval
spokewman for the Socialnst Parhamentary Crrowp. all
attended the dinner given at the “Cesar Aveusto” ree
taurant “to decede what showld be done hecauw the
truth of the matter was that Santiage erntana had
seindicd the private investment company with talsfied
Grafts, had charged the car buvers for the tas on bewery
goods. and had then pocketed the total amount recenved
Moreover, senwng that the scandal «as ahout to freak
he had fled to Veneructa ©

According to the depowtion made to the court. the
Rarcetona lawyer had t.commended that these actions
be reported in order to mitigate powslle comsequences
but “Mr Raventos. Marten Toval. and Radotfo Crwerra
felt they should not he reported so as to avond a wandal
on the eve of the munecupal clectrom ~

M4 SPAIN

To resolve the profiem. Raventos gave a subviantial
amount of mone: to Ratacl Gcrro lrquectda. wcretary of
finance of the LT. so that he could pay the private
mvcsiment companys

In June of 1983. BRaroctona’s | ith C oert of Prohemenars
Examination concluded its imvesiegatioms. and Judgc
Humterio Guadalupe tried the two emplxated mm the
alicged ( ARV NSA fraud case on the charge of ember.
viement of over one mulhbon peoctas. Antonw Poredes
Lucas, one of thow omplxated m the sandal was
released on hail. and the magrstirate ordered the pursunt
and capture of the deputy mavor of Santa Mana dc
Rartera

Craphw (Arts

The graph arts and advertewing firm ADP SA. was
retarned for some tome to handle the PSOE ( stalan
Federatvon’s pubbocety Sence thes firm's bids were gener-
ally much better than thow of the competition, n. Ihe
CARY NSA. was weed by varnous Soceaieast enone It was
also used to rare funds for the parts

ADP SA's oneratron ended when one fine dav. on 17
March 1982). exthouwt prior warneng. some fifty workers
Comprising its staf! fownd a locked-up firm and notice of
dumewsal. The ADP S.A. conflet reached the Labor
Relations ( ourts and the PSOE was compelicd to die
burse a comsderatlic sum of moneys to Compensatc those
who had heen aflected It has also been learned that
Leopoldo Torres. the adminrstratron’s present atiorncs
general acted as labor's attorneys om the handling of the
proceedings that were enstituted agarmst one of the forms
mvolved on the Socsalest paralic! frnanceng scheme

Carlos C'hregon. a Barcelona attorneys. recenved many
anonymous threats. ewhech he ompleed. came from PMO
militants or from persons close to the culprits It wo
happens that the ((+T participated om the alleged oper
atoms. fully cogmizant of the frnanceng scheme that had
been created. and helped the Socialrst officials to resolve
the conflicts and comtrontations with those emplicated on
the car swrndics

Surprise has been generated mm podecsal corcles fy he
actions of the ( atalan Socialists, who apparently toed to
reap major benectits at the capense of then oan members
and sympathizers

\ arvous letters sent to the leaders of the Sociale Party
hy f)hregon have come to heht amome the documents
relatong to thes network of firms These may reveal what
the leaders actually knew concermeng the “paralict
frmancing s hern

{one of those letters says that “a cog of thes letter har
heen sent to Alfonse Crwerra elope Cronzales. Valenton
Anton, and the PSO} C ommuittice on the Resolution of
( onflots

BIS WEL 91-1
17 July 1991

In another letter. dated 23 July 1982. Carlos (lbregon
tells Ravenios that “a repeated cfiort « herng made to
mmpixatc us on dctamaton mancuscring «ithow! ictup
knowing thal thes represents a squandcring of moncy |
also represents unncoessary discrediting of our having
acted mm good fanh. hy poopie who happen te belong to
the PSOE

Further on. ot adds “lt hard to undersiand how priv atc
forms can be created through & hich peopic arc se rndicd
he CARY NSA. and that casts can fe fived when the
courts of pustue are shout to mvoke cocroinec procedurcs
ithe caw of Tecnecas de Imprcseon SA} amd the
reputation of persons who ecre used as swroems to heck
the real culprits has been vrolated and tarnished

Lastly. Obregon reminds Raventos that “I always
beheved that the Sociainsts were another maticr Yow
showed me. to a sachening cvient how to throw stones
and hide one's hand. how to take ad\ antage of another +
good faith to reach shametul ofyectives. regardless of
cost or damage done ~ The lawver concludes. “1 ask vou
once again to arrange tor my withdraeal trom
CARY NSA and from Tecnicas de Impreson, S.A. both
herng property of the Socalet Party. and trom both of
whech | have reoened only humilsations as pest pay ment
for my Soculest sdeologecal ingenenty | am gratctul to
vou for having opened my eves

Last week, the Catalan Associatron Against Inpestice and
( orruption, beaded Mh Carlos (yregon, tied a com
plant against those responublc for the “Pilesa € am
specifically agarnst Jose Maria Sala. the scoretary of the
PSC organization. Eduardo Marten Toval, spokesman
tor the Socwuha Parhamentary Crroup. Carlos Navarro
head of the (: aps frmances. and even agarnst (run!
ermo Caleote, the PSOE's proncepal financial coord)
natow

Photo € aptrons

i 4 «gy om a letter trom ( reopen to Raventios om whaich
(hregon states that he has sent copies to Cronzales and
(euctra. among others

> Letter m whech Alonso Sarmiento. who was replaced
by Craloote as the PSOE 's secretary for finance. entornms
Navarro of Obregon 's complaints

+ Letter m which former Scoretary tor Finance Emoto
Vlenso Sarmiento enforms Obregon that he ms aware of
the CARY NSA and ADP “messes

4 Letter m whech the present attornces general of thy
natronal goverament notifics Clregon of the Supreme
( owrt’s decmmon eth respect to one of the terns
mvoled im the scheme

S Cop of the rocesupt wgned fy Navarro om whch he
acknow ledgers having recenved a set of keys to the offrcs
of Tome Eaport

FBIS-WEL 91.137
17 Joly 1991

Incendiary Device Damages Turkish Embassy
1 D140 16189! Bern Sauces Rads Intemnatn ma:
, ; nen iswaWw7 id Sai v/

[Text] Pohoe m the Swe federal capmal. Bern. ay
Kurdish demonstrators from Turkey threes an moen-
diary device into the entry hall of the Turkish Embassy
during a scoond day of protest at the mission

The poloe sand part of the embassy 's reception arca was
damaged by fire, and damage also occurred to the main
door of the burkding and several windows

The polwe detamed |) of the estimated $0 protestors In
another modent polwe detaincd one man when a
Turkish Embassy emplovee was molested om Bern city

crnicT

()n Saturday police used tear gas to disperse a group of
demonstraiors protesting outude the embassy against
what they sand was Turkish Government repression of
the cowntrs 's Kurdish moinority

SWITZERLAND “

Sones wer thrown al the crm hassy Muthiing and armiage

ous aie cousecd wo the Turkesh ( onsulate wm Jurech

during a semular protest there

Geverament Denies Iraqi Fresca Assets Released |
1 DIG" 218291 Bere Sans Rado Internationa |

nine 7" Vmaw) in JF ,

[Text] Sevveriand has demed a statement by lrag
alicging «t has allowed Baghdad to use funds froven m
Serss hanks Irag sand Senvcrland had authored hanks
te release Irag’s troven asects and that $7) mudhon had
alread, returned to Baghdad Hoacrver a
spokesman tor the federal goxcrament on Berne sand
Iraq's Matement was without foundation He wad Sen
retiand had imposed sanctions on Irag m lnc with
United Nathoms resolutions

heen

The UN Sanctroms Commuittce decuded m Mav to allow
the release of $1 OK) millon of lrag: funds frozen abroad
but only to permet frag to bus toad and medicme

Denmark

Six (CPbservers To Jou FC leam fer SPRY

Sweden

"Impact of light Defense Buedgect Outhned

NORDIC COL NTRIES

+RIS VEL 9-0
1” Jel 1991

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* GREECE

Joint U.S. Plans To Exploit Aegean Denied

VC 1607131991 Athens Ellinihi Radhiotonia Radi
Nerwork on Greek 1130 GMT 16 Jul 9)

[Text] In response to a reporter's question on whether
the rssue of yornt exploitation of the Aegean will be raised
during the talks between Greece and the Unnted States.
government spokesman Viron Polidhoras said that ne1-
ther side ever rarsed this topic, and such an issue will not
arise. Polidhoras also said that he knows nothing about
any discussion on this topic and added that this kind of
joint action 1s not considered probable.

Attack Against Turkish Diplomats Denounced

VC 1607130191 Athens Ellinithi Radhiotonia Radiw
Network in Greek 11320GM7 16 Jul 9]

[Text] ‘¢ Gsreek Government issued a statement a short
lume ago .n which nt denounced strongly and unequivo-
cally tod» s abhorrent terrorist act against the Turkish
vuiploma’ . employees and expressed its revulsion over
‘ve incident. The statement added: We want to believe
that such a criminal act wall not disturb the efforts being
mac tor the substantive improvement of relations
between Greece and Turkey

The statement concludes: The Greek Government
which ts well known for its struggle against terrorism, 1s
making every effort to protect foreign diplomatic
employees in our country and to find and punish the
culprits responsible tor thrs criminal act

17 Nov Claims Responsibility
NVC 160 °211591 Athens Eiliniha Radhiotonia Radio
Ni rw rh iii (sreck 00 ty vi 1 Jul wv)

[Text] The 17 November terrorist organization sent a
leaflet to the ELEVTHEROTIPIA newspaper this
evening claiming responsibility for this morning's bomb
attack in which three Turkish diplomats were myured
An anonymous caller informed the paper where the
envelope containing the leaflet could be found

Papandreow Reportedly Involved in Bank Scandal

Vc J 080797 Athens ATHENS NEWS on Enelish
lt Jy 4] y’ 7

[Excerpts] The Bank of Crete embezziement scandal trial
was resumed vesterday at the High Court after repeated
postponements duc to the abstention of defense councels
participating in the dispute of the Athens Bar Associa-
tion and the government

FBIS-WEL -91-137
17 July 1991

Yeoryios Koskotas. the former owner of the Bank of
Crete, extradited from the US last month, continued his
testimony for more than five hours, with revelations and
accusations against former premier Andreas Papan-
dreou

Koskotas said that former Prime Minister Papandeou
and Justice Minister in the Panhellenic Socialist Move-
ment [PASOK] government Agamemnon Koutsoyior-
gas—who died of a stroke in May—knew of the existence
of the deficits of the Bank of Crete as well as the causes
that created them. Koutsoyiorgas by orders of Papan-
dreou coordinated the legislation that would safeguard
Koskotas against incrimination for embezzlement
charges, the former banker said

Koskotas clamed that about nine million dollars was
deposited in various accounts in London and Brussels
banks. He also said that PASOK had set up various
companies with Greek and foreign businessmen for the
sale of armaments. The commussion was paid to special
accounts im several banks. and the amount of moncy
deposited in the accounts, he said

Koskotas, continuing his testimony. said that he regu-
larly paid Ycoryios Louvaris sums of money and it was
Louvaris who received the sum of 90 milhon drachmas
packed in a Pampers box

He also said that he handed over all together the sum of
S00 million drachmas to Koutsoyiorgas as commission
from the Public Firms and Organizations deposit
accounts in the Bank of Crete

\ regular “contnbution” of one millon drachmas
monthly was paid to the personal guards of Andreas
Papandreou to turn a blind eve. [passage omitted]

The PASOK press office in a press release said: The cvcle
of the myths of the svcophany of the Greek political lite
based on what the big scoundrel says has entered a new
phase. In this filthy case everything has gone beyond
lymits. The attempt to blame PASOK and tts President
Andreas Papandreou for allegedly receiving iicgal
money will not succeed. The result of this attempt will be
the revelation of conspiracy. The supposed “signed
note” by Papandreou which Koskotas produced in court,
has nothing to do with the leader of PASOK and the
fakeness of it 1s there for all to see

FBIS-WEL -91-137
17 July 1991

Paper Details Foiled Plans To Kill Bush

NC1707120391 Istanbul MILLIVET in Turkish
16 Jul 91 p 10

[Excerpt] (MILLIYET NEWS AGENCY} The opera-
tion that the directorate of police's political department
launched in Istanbul based on information provided by
the National Intelligence Organization [NIO] has been
broadened to cover several other provinces in Turkey.
including Ankara and Izmir. The police killed 10 mil-
tants and captured 12 others during the Istanbul opera-
tion, and they discovered plans in the militants’ cell
houses that, coupled with the revelations made by those
arrested, have revealed that an attempt was planned to
assassinate President Bush when he visited Ankara

According to a high-ranking police officer, an illegal
Organization also planned to assassinate two of the
high-ranking U.S. security officials in Istanbul at the
same time. It has been reported that the police discov-
ered the statements that would have been sent to the
newspapers after the assassination as well as the type-
writers used to type them

The police were amazed at the large amount of docu-
ments and ammunition discovered in the eight cell
houses the illegal organization used. The police began to
study the documents after NIO and political police
department bomb disposal experts and intelligence offi-
cials cleared the cell houses of booby traps in an opera-
tion which lasted 17 hours. The police department
chemists have been asked to study the documents that
the militants tried to burn

The investigation thus far indicates that the illegal orga-
nization’s members planned to kill President Bush either
when he visited Ataturk’s Mausoleum in Ankara or when
his car entered the main road as he left the mausoleum
4 parked car was to be exploded by remote control as
President Bush's car entered the main road. Plans were
also made to kill the US. security expert and his assis-
tant responsible for security during President Bush's
Istanbul visit. The expert and his assistant were to take
charge of security in Istanbul as soon as President Bush
departed from Ankara. It has been reported that the
three explosives, which had been hidden in the ground
floor of the militants’ cell house in Istanbul's Nisantasi
quarter, were strong enough to destroy President Bush's
armored car, which will be brought to Turkey for the
presidential visit. [passage omitted repeating details of
operation, listing nares of those arrested]

Bush Agenda Criticized, Called “Scandalous

NC 1607184291 Istanbul HURRIYVET in Turkish
12 Jul YI p 16

[Aziz Utkan report: “Confusion Over the 15-Minute
Bush-Yilmaz Meeting” ]

[Text] Ankara, (HURRIYET}—The agenda for Presi-
dent Bush's visit has created some confusion in Ankara.
The Turkish Foreign Ministry 1s baffled by the draft

TURKEY 9

agenda. which allocates 30 minutes for President Bush to
meet with each of the opposition party leaders and only
15 minutes for his talks with Prime Minister Yilmaz.
This draft agenda has been descnbed as “scandalous.”
Foreign Ministry Spokesman Murat Sungar said: “We
do not believe the agenda has been finalized yet.”

This statement conflicts with the agenda, later described
as a “draft.” received from Washington. the problematic
points of which follow:

1. According to the draft agenda, President Bush will
arrive at the prime minister's mansion on 20 July for his
meeting with Prime Minister Yilmaz at 1405 and will
leave at 1420. The only thing that can be done in that
short an amount of time 1s picture taking.

2. President Bush will meet Suleyman Demirel, leader of
the True Path Party, at the Ciragan Palace at 1455 on 2!
July for 30 minutes. President Bush will meet Erdal
Inonu, leader of the Social Democratic Populist Party, at
1530 for another 30-minute meeting.

3. The draft agenda refers to the prime munister as
Yildirim Akbulut. Erdal Inonu’s name was spelled incor-
rectly: He 1s referred to as Endal Inonu.

The Greek Factor

4. Another discrepancy came to light when the draft
agenda was compared with President Bush's agenda in
Greece. According to the agenda received from the
White House, President Bush will meet with Prime
Minister Konstandinos Mitsotakis for three and a half
hours. He will meet with Prime Minister Mesut Yilmaz
for only 15 minutes

Talks on the F-16 Project

One of the most critical essues that will be discussed with
President Bush in Ankara next week will be the question
of the financing of the second stage of the F-16 project
The project, worth $4.2 billion, provides for the manu-
facture of an additional 160 F-16 fighters. The matter
was raised by Turkey during the Gulf crisis

Commentary Views Upcoming Bush Visit, Tactics

VC 1607182291 Istanbul TURKIVE in Turkish
13 Jul Vi pp iil

[Commentary by Omer Ozturkmen: “Diyarbakir Inci-
dents Are Connected With the Visit of Bush” ]

[Text] The comcidence of the Diyarbakir incidents and
LS. President George Bush's upcoming visit to Turkey
draws one’s attention

We would not be surprised if the CIA and other organi-
zations under its control have undertaken subversive
acts on the eve of the visit during which the Cyprus
problem, a subject Turkey 1s very sensitive about, and
the rapid deployment force. a subject Turkey ts very
suspicious about, will be discussed

0 TURKEY

The aim of these incidents may be to weaken Turkey and
portray it as an unstable country during the course of
these talks in the belief that they will thereby get the
concessions they want

The duty of the CIA and other foreign organizations
linked {0 it 1s to see to it that the U_S. President emerges
from these talks as successful as possible and to show
that he has not come to Turkey in vain. They would also
like to have him solve chronic problems that have
dragged on for years

We must carefully examine how the incidents in
Diyarbakir started just one week before President Bush's
visit to Turkey. In addition to finding the perpetrators of
these acts, we would like to uncover the foreign organi-
zations that arranged them.

There 1s still one week to go before Bush's arrival.
Finding a clue linking the United States to the incidents
and being brave enough to announce it would be the best
lesson we could give to Bush, who is coming here to
extract concessions from us. We doubt, however, that
any politician would show such courage.

We might be able to get concessions from U.S. President
Bush if we present him with a report on the bloody
incidents that took place at the CIA‘s instigation and
encouragement shortly after his arrival.

Bush is coming to our country with the attitude that the
Cyprus and deployment force problems have already been
solved and that he is visiting Ankara out of protocol to
merely sign an agreement.

We would like to inform the honorable President that
Turkey will not surrender that easily on issues sensitive
for her. Turkey has to explain to Bush that it 1s not an
easy morsel for him to swallow. We have to show him
how sensitive we are, particularly on the Cyprus
problem, territorial integrity and sovereignty, and that
we are a people mad enough to consider waging war on
these issues.

We have to convey the fact that we will not bow to the
plots of the CIA or to American dollars and that we will
not compromise whatsoever on our national problems.

Just as after the Johnson letter we conducted an inde-
pendent foreign policy in spite of America’s wishes, we
have to make Bush understand that we would be willing
to say goodbye for a few years to Turkish-American
friendship.

Turkey will exist in this world even without America

Mitsotakis’ Disarmament Proposal To Be Studied

TA1707110491 Ankara Turkive Radyolari Network
in Turkish 1000 GMT 17 Jul 199]

[Text] Turkey has announced that it will exert contin-
uous efforts to develop cooperation and fruntful relations
based on mutual respect, equality of mghts, and security

FBIS-WEL -91-137
17 July 1991

with all its nesghbors, including Greece. Turkey further
declared that if the proposal made by Greek Prime
Minister Konstandinos Mitsotakis on | 2 July is to serve
this goal. it must display a comprehensive and multidi-
mensional approach

In his weekly news conference today, Foreign Ministry
spokesman Murat Sungar made a statement concerning
Mitsotakis’ proposal. which he claims 1s aimed at
Strengthening regional peace. security, and cooperation.
and at eliminating the sources of tension

Stressing that the importance Turkey attaches to regional
peace and stability as well as to any dialogue aimed at
achieving this goal 1s well known, Sungar noted that the
Greek prime minister's proposal will be studied from all
aspects. Sungar said that it 1s beneficial at this stage to
bring certain matters to everyone's attention. He added:
One of these matters 1s the fact that the Turkish and
Greek units mentioned in the Greek proposal are
deployed for purposes of common security and in accor-
dance with plans drawn up by NATO—of which Greece
too 1s a member—and, like the Bulgarian units, these
units are subject to the rules of the recently concluded
CFE agreement. Therefore, 11 1s difficult to say that the
Turkish, Greek, and Bulgarian units in the region would
have a negative effect on the establishment of an atmo-
sphere of trust among our countries.

Sungar remarked that one of the basic issues affecting the
establishment and consolidation of an atmosphere of
trust between Turkey and Greece consists of the failure
to transform the Aegean into a sea of peace and cooper-
ation between the two countries, despite all efforts on the
part of Turkey. The spokesman pointed out that
Greece's moves to militarize the eastern Aegean islands
in violation of its international commitments is one of
the major reasons for this state of affairs and constitutes
an important issue with regard to efforts aimed at
securing mutual trust in the region

Sungar sa:d that Greek (’comphance) with its interna-
tional commitments in this field will make it easier to
assess Mitsotakis’ proposal within a more solid and
comprehensive framework. Sungar added that this
would render Greek initiatives more substantial and
credible

Kurdish Paper Issues Warning on Foreign Troops

VC 1607143891 Bonn BERXNWEDAN in Turkish
30 Jun 91 pp 1, 12-13

[Unattributed commentary entitled: “The Plan Hatched
by the Imperalists Aims To Defend the Collapsing
Turkish Republic, Not the Kurds]

[Excerpts] Important developments have taken place in
Kurdistan and Turkey im the last few days. [passage
omitted]

The most important development was the work carned
out by the United States and its imperialist allies in

FBIS-WEL -91-137
17 July 1991

deploying a special team in Silop: in northwestern Kur-
distan under the pretext of “defending the Kurds.”
[passage omitted]

Anyone wishing to station forces in Kurdistan for any
reason whatsoever should disregard Turkey's stance on
the operation and pay attention to what the PKK
[Workers Party of Kurdistan] and the ARGK [People's
Liberation Army of Kurdistan] say about the plans. We
Say this because the colonialist authority of the Turkish
Republic 1s disintegrating in northwestern Kurdistan at
the same time as the national liberation authority. rep-
resented by the PKK. the ERNK [National Liberation
Front of Kurdistan} and the ARGK. 1s gradually gaining
ground and strength. If the PKK brings its authority and
weight into play, it will not be easy for any force to stay
in the region. Any military force in Botan or in any other
part of Kurdistan would be entering an area directly
under the control of our people's liberation army. the
ARGK. The fact that any force in the area would be in
danger of a confrontation with the ARGK 1s something
that the authors of the plan should understand and
consider. It would be a mayor mistake to assume that our
people—who are waging an unprecedented fight to oust
the fascist Turkish colomalism with its military and
civilian institutions from Kurdistan, and shedding a lot
of their own blood in the process—would be mere
onlookers to the roaming of the imperialist teams on our
own land

In analyzing the imperialists’ real intentions in sta-
toning their teams in the north some other factors
should also be mentioned. One point in particular must
be stressed: The US. imperialists’ claim about the “pro-
tecting the Kurds” and the West's accompanying uproar
and propaganda on the issue are nothing but an enor-
mous deception. Would a power that intends to protect
the Kurds against further genocide by Saddam Husayn
have given him the green light to implement such a
policy only a few months ago” The US. mmperialssts did
not mstigate the Kurdish uprising only to stop their
attacks against Saddam at a time when he could have
carned out a policy of genocide against the Kurds
without a reason. The U.S. was pursuing very clandes-
tine objectives. It had unjustifiably entered the Middle
East and started a bloody war, which generated world-
wide condemnation and exposed the face of its aggres-
sive imperialism. The world public saw this naked US
aggression as a threat against mankind. However, with
Saddam's attack on southern Kurdistan, the filthy face
and the US. aggression faded behind Saddam's plan of
genocide. This 1s how the United States was able to make
the world to forget its deeds, t deflected the critecrsms to
Saddam. Unfortunately, some dimwitted quasi-
progressives and democrats, who always fall for the
imperialist propaganda, contributed to the mumperialrst
plan

The U.S. impenalists, therefore, not only managed to
hide their aggression but also transformed themselves
into angels of goodness by rushing to help the Kurds
[passage omitted]

TURKEY 4!

4 month before the claims of “protecting the Kurds” was
im the air, the NATO defense ministers, at their spring
meeting in the Belgian capital of Brussels, discussed
establishing a “rapid sinmke force” within the NATO
structure. Eventually, they decided to sect up a multina-
tional “Rapid Deployment Force” “for timely imterven-
won in case of any sudden development that threatens
the stability of NATO countnes.”

Undoubtedly. the force was to be stationed in the region
where the threat was the greatest and because the greatest
threat comes from the Kurdish revolution, the NATO
force was deployed to Kurdistan. [passage omitted]

In short, various facturs, the most umportant being the
Kurdish people's struggic for independence, have shaken
the Turkish Republic to such an extent that 1 can no
longer stand independently. Yet. thes “sick man” has to
be kept alive for the interest of the imperialists. Thus, the
plans being developed by the United States and is
imperialist allies under the pretext of “defending the
Kurds” do not arm to defend or brace the Kurds, but to
help the collapsing Turkish Republic. [passage omitted]

Bosnia-Herzegovina Leader on Ethnic Strife

141607180091 Ankara ANATOLIA in Turkish
ISSSGsMT 16 Jul 9!

[Text] Ankara (AA}—Pornting out that the present situ-
ation in Yugoslavia 1s the result of tension among ethnic
groups, Alya Izetbegovic, president of Yugoslavia’s
Republic of Bosmia-Herzegov ina. said that this tension
had been being forcibly suppressed under the communist
regime

Speaking with an ANATOLIA correspondent in Ankara,
Izethegovic added) Those who rarsed nationalist rssues
and complained openly during that regime were
detained and lost the: jobs. Various ways and means
were used to suppress these difficulties. All these prob-
lems have come out into the open

The visiting president noted that ethnic tension exrsts in
Yugoslavia particularly among Serbs, Croats, and Alba-
mans. He added that the fact tha: the Serbs are most
influential in the country's admunistration has prevented
the federation. which should be based on equality, from
functioning efficiently

Pointing out that trust has disappeared among certain
groups forming the federation, Izetbegovic warned that
the breakup of the federation would result im uncertain-
tes, umbalances, and even civil war

Claiming that some wish to disrupt and divide Bosma-
Herzegovina. he warned that such a development would
certainly mean civil war We want the imternational
community to understand well that such a development
would certainly mean a civil war, he added

He said that the Republic of Bosnia-Herzegovina wanted
to preserve Yugoslavia’s unity He continued: The con-
ditions necessary for all the republics to live within

a TURKEY

Yugoslavia must be created. We are mmsrsteng on this
point Probiems can be solved forcibly or peacefully. We
prefer peaceful means

(in hes contacts mm Turkey. the president recalled that
agreement had been reached on a loan from the Turkish
Exrm [Export-Import; bank. although the amount had
not yet been fixed. and a desire had been cupressed to
open a Turkish consulate im Sarayevo. Work on this
subject will be carreed out by the foreign ministries of the
two countnes. He concluded by saying that he had
briefed Turkish officials during hrs talks on the srtuation
m Yugoslavia

Ivetbegovic Briefs Ozal

141607185991 Ankara TRI Televison Network
m Turkioch PPOOGMT 16 Jal 9]

[Text] Oval. currently on Marmaris for his summer work,
received today Alya Izetbegovic. president of Yugosia-
via’s Republic of Bosnia-Herzegovina. Presidential
spokesman Ambassador Kaya Topern made the fol-
lowing statement on the vrsit

During the talks, held on a very fnendly and constructive
atmosphere, Bosnia-Herzegovina’s President Izetbe-
govec breted Presedent Oval on recent developments in
Yugoslavia Stressing Turkey's regronal smportance, the
visiting president sand that it constitutes a model for
them During the vesit, on which it was decoded to further
relatrons between the two countries. the visiting presi-
dent invited our president to visit Bosmia-Herzegovina

Following his talks with Oval, Izethbegovic went to Istan-
bul. In a statement at hes arrival at the Ataturk Arrport,
the visiting president sand that his contacts in Turkey
had been extremely positive and beneficial

Notes ‘Territorial lategrity

LDI-OCOSI99! Belerade TANIUG in Frnelish
ISS GMT 16 Jul 91

[Text] Ankara, July 16 (TANJUG)—President of the
Presidency of the Yugoslav Republic of Bosnia-
Hercegovina Alya lvetbegovic said in Ankara today that
he had explained to Turkish officials that the “ethnic
map of Bosma-Hercegovina was so complicated that i
was impossible to put up any boundaries other than
those cxrsting al present”

Today. the third day of hes official vest to Turkey,
Ivethbegovic conferred with Turkish Pressdent Turgut
()val on internatronal topecs and the Yugoslav crvsis.
specifically the position of Bosmia-Hercegovina

In hes statement to TANJUG., Ivethegovec sard that all
nations in mult: ethan Bosma-Hercegovina-Musiims,

FBIS-WEL -91-137
17 July 1991

Serbs and (Croats-would lose with a division of the
republic He repeated the warning that the impiementa-
ton of a concept of dividing the central Yugoslav
republic would result mn civil war in which everybody
would fight everybody else”. [quotation mark as
received]

Croatian Presadent Franyo Tudyman said in an interview
to THE TIMES last week that a “division of Bosma-
Hercegovina would be the best way to resolve the Y ugo-
slay crises”. on which port he was im agreement with
Sertian President Slobodan Miloses x

Izetbegovic’s talks with Turkrsh officials brought to light
full support for the “territoral integrity of Yugoslavia™
and the “internal boundaries” between the carting
republics

Izetbegovic ends the visit to Turkey today

The Turkish side promised to acquaint US. President
George Bush. due in Turkey on July 20. and the confer-
ence of Islamic countries, opening in Istanbul in carly
August, with the Yugoslav criss and the situatemn mm
Bosmia-Hercegovina

Izetbegovic sand he had proposed that Turkey open a
consular office in the republican capital Sarajyevo

He stressed that the visit to Turkey and his forthcoming
visits to other European countries and the United States
were all armed at “interesting the international public on
Yugoslavia and Bosnia-Hercegos ina and contributing to
our sobering up”

Anatolia Party Deputy From Samsun Resigns
1416071 0391 Ankara TRI Televimon Network
m Turkish 1600 GUT 16 Jul 9!

[Text] Huseyin Ovalp. Anatoha Party's deputy from
Samsun, has resigned from hes party With Ovalp’s
resignation, only one Anatoha Party deputy remains at
the Turkish Grand National Assembly

DISK Members Acquitted: Closure \ vided
141607164891 Ankara ANATOLIA im Turkih
ISOS GMT 16 Jul 9!

[Excerpt] Ankara (AA}—The Military Court of Appeals
has acquitted all of those convected m the case of the
Confederation of Revolutronary Worker U mons (DISK)
and voided the decision to close the organization on the
grounds that the legal basis for domg so has been
climinated

The court acquitted the 272 defendants becauw Article
141 of the Turkish Penal Code under which they had
been convicted has since been Wfted with the new ante-
terrorism law [passage omitted]

ee

END OF
FICHE

DATE FILMED
S July 197