People's Republic of China... Foreign Broadcast Information Service

aevermeeD) MILY REPORT
People's Republic of China

AS <n a
Vol I No 65 4 April 1978

INTERNATIONAL *"ATRS
GENERAL

Guyana Weekly: New International Economic Order Needed
Multinational Agricultural Mechanization Show in October ([ANSA]

> >

SOVIET UNION

USSR Uses Cuban Troops as 'Foreign Legion' in Africa
Draft Treaty Reveals Soviet Union's 'Hegemonic Ambitions’
Soviet Third World 'Social Imperialist Expansion' Exposed
Neth rlands Paper Reports Ouste? of Three Soviet Spies

>> > >

NORTH ASTA

Japanese Friendship Delegation Feted in Peking
Fukuda Reported Blaming U.S. for Weakening Dollar Value
Briefs: Envoy in Japan

>> >

SOUTHEAST ASIA & rACIFIC

Allied Naval Exercise Held in Pacific, Indian Oceans
Fwangtung Holds Banquet for Thai Prime Minister
Rice Contract Signed With Malaysia on 31 March
Briefs: Painting Exhibi ion in Piji

>> > >

SOUTH ASIA

Nepalese Assembly Delegation Visits Tachai
Nepal's Ambassador Departs for Home at End of Tour
Maldives Celebrates 13th Anniversary of Independence

>> >

EUROPE

Trade Pact Signed With EEC Marks 'Support' for Exu.vpe
Hope for 'Expansion' [KYODO]

FRG Minister, Chancellor Receive Foreign Trade Minister [DPA]

Huang Hua Gives Banquet for Sweaish Foreign Minister
Swedish Minister's Interview [Stockholm]

Spanish Labor Party Recolution Criticizes U.S., USSR

Spanish vournal Praises Example of Chou En-lai

Keng Piao Meets With Netherlands M-L Party Official

French Businessmen Depart Peking for Shanghai, Hangchow

PEOPLE'S DATLY Officials Fete Prench Newspaper Delegation

Teng Ying-chao Meets With Yugoslav Journalists

rrrrrrr > > > >

oon vn Naw vt +e

wo @®

1/A6
1/A6

1/A6
1/A9
V/A9
1/A10

1/A10
VA11
VAI

WAI
WAI2
W/A13
1/A13

WA13
1/A14
1/A14

/A14
1/81
1/81
1/82
1/83
1/84
1/84
1/86
1/86
1/85
1/86

I.

4 Apr 78 2

Tienanmen Square Incident Explained [TANJUG)
CCP Workers Delegation Welcomed in Romanian Counties
Hungarian Envoy Hosts Liberation Day Party in Peking

MIDDLE EAST & AFRICA

Israelis Demand Concessions From Prime Minister Begin
West Bank Arab Students Protest Israeli Occupation
As-Sadat Cited on Occupied Lands, Palestinian Rights
Palestinian, Lebanese Forces ‘ttack Israeli 'Aggressors'
Arabs Mark 'Day of Land' on 30 March
Syrian Conference Statement Supports Paleetinian Cause
Three Arab Countries Call for Arab Unity
PDRY Prime Minister Postpones Visit to Chiua

Envoy Sees Hospitaiized Premier
President Carter Ends Visit to Nigeria
Mauritius Ambassador Leaves for Home at End of Tour
Briefs: Wushu Group to Africa; Study Group in Zanzibar

WESTERN HEMISPI™RE

Fang I Meets “ith Mexican Scientific Delegation
Peru-Argentina Statement Condemns 'Colonialism'

NATIONAL AFFAIRS ,

Posters Denouncing 'Political Ciowns' Appear in Peking [AFP]
Public Health Vice Minister Addresses Science Conference
Chou's Contributions to Revolutionary United Pront Recounted
PEOPLE'S DAILY Urges Stricter Enforcement of Discipline (24 Mar]
First Issue ot’ CHING-CHI YEN-CHIU Condemns Gang's Economics [No 1]
LIBERATION ARMY DAILY Says Army Must Be 'Big School' [31 Mar]
NCNA Reports on First-Quarter Production Output

Textile Industry Tops Quotas

Oil, Gas Output Increases

Electricity Output Up

Railway Workers Set Record

Light Industries Improve
Social Sciences Academy Holds Forum on Nationalities Affairs

[KWANGMING DAILY 26 Mar]
Foochow Cutting Tools Exhibit Features Ni Chih-fu Innovation
Scientists Produce Atlas on Magnitudes of Drought, Flood
Instrument for Diagnosis of Heart Diseases Developed
Literary Journal Examines Research on Foreign Literature
(WEN-HSUEH PING-LUN No 1 25 Feb]

PEOPLE'S DAILY Calls for 'Taking Grain as Key Link' (26 Mar]
Briefs: Book on Soil Science

CENTRAL-SOUTH REGION

Third Honan Militia Congress Concludes Activities
Chang Chung- ju Report
Closing Ceremony 30 March
Congress Proposal

Hunan Coal Mine Implements Bonus System

Bo & oR MM ME MOE oo Mio Mics BoB ME] > > >rrrr>r> >>>

onu re

1/813
1/814
C1

1/08

1/07

1/10
v011
ci!
1/012
1/012
1/012
1/012
1/C13

11014
1/701
1701
1/02

1/04
1/04

I. 4 Apr 78 3 PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA

Hupeh Taching Conference Concludes Weeklong Session H 9 1/013
28-29 Maroh Session H 9 1/013
Closing Ceremony 31 March H 10 1/014
Han Ning-fu Report Hil 1/61

Hainan Meeting Discusses Triple-Cropping H17 67

SOUTHWEST REUION

Kweichow Provincial Party Congress Ends J 1 16
KWEICHOW DAILY Hails Congress J 2 ee

Kweichow CCP Committee Holds Plenum ‘fo Elect Leaders J 3 460

Szechwan Conference Discusses Industry J 4 «ew

NORTHEAST REGION

Heilungkiang CPPCC Standing Committee Meets L 1 We

Kirin Efforts To Study NPC Guidelines Related L 2 4/4

Kirin's Wang En-mao Addressos Women's Congress L 3 Wa

NORTHWEST REGION
Wang Feng Speaks at Sinkiang Learn-From-Taching, Tachai Meeting M 1 1/4

Briefs: Sinkiang Sheep Breeding M 4 4/F7

APR 1 4 W1@ THU) Prbx 20. PALS CHL -B-Os

me” DAILY REPORT
ORIG

PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC
OF CHINA

Available for Distribution
From NTIS

[Feis | FOREIGN BROADCAST INFORMATION SERVICE

A

»
.
—
as
> >

are supplied by FBIS. Labels such as (Text) or
line of each item indicate how FBIS processed the information from
the original. Names rendered

te

H
Li
.

7

Ht
;
:

i
Hi
i
4

I. 4 Apr 78 PEOPLE'S REPUBLIO OF CHIWA Al
INTRRNATIONAL AFFAIRS

GENERAL
GUYANA WEEKLY: NEW INTERNATLONAL FCONOMIC ORDER NERDED
OWO351315Y Peking NCNA in English 1215 GMT 3 Apr 78 OW

[Text] Georgetuin, 2 Apr (HSINHUA)--The new international e onomic order is seen by
the developing countries as necessary for their national survival and development,
said the Guyana's weekly NEW NATIOV in an article today. It stressed that developing
countries must not depend on "handouts" and aid to improve the standard of living of
their people.

The ertic e pointed out that the under-developed and developing countries together
provide e greater percentage of world's raw materials. But the control of world

prices o. raw materials and also prices of consumer and capital goods by developed
countyics "makes possible rabid exploitation of developing countvies by multinationals
bent on making super profits". The developing countries “have correctly posited that
the new order must reflect the fundamental changes in economic relations and facilitiate
the true deveiopment of the under-developed and developing countries".

It stated that national liberation is a necessary prerequisite for new international
economic order. "The struggles of the peoples of southern Africa, Zimbabwe, Namibia,
and South Africa are, without doubt, the struggles not only of peoples of those
countries for independence and self-determination, but struggles of the entire
developing world for whom the question of new economic order is a matter of survival",
the article concluded.

a

MULTINATIONAL AGRICULTURAL MECHANIZATION SLOW IN OCTOBER
AU310910Y Rome ANSA in English 0850 GMT 31 Mar 78 AU

(Text ] Peking, 31 Mar (ANSA)--An important exhibit devoted to agricultural mechanization
will open in Peking on October 20. Twelve nations will be represented: Eight Western
European nations (including Italy), Romania, Canada, Australia and Japan.

The mechanization of agriculture is one of the chief goals of China's ten-year plan
which aims at a cereal production of 400 million tons by 1985. China also hopes to
have mechanized 85 percent of its agricultural activities by that time. At the century's
end, China hopes to have caught up to or surpassed the per-acre yield of the most
agriculturaliy advanced nations.

The Japanese presence at the show will be massive. Some 70 firms will be represented
many of them among the most important in the island nation. Officials from the Tokyo
Foreign Trade Board, who are in Peking for talks connected to the exhibit, said that
Italy would be one of their stiffest competitors. Italy is particularly strong in the
field of irrigation machinery and in the planting of rice.

SOVIET UNION
USSR USES CUBAN TROOPS AS ‘FOREIGN LEGION' IN AFRICA
OW0O21836Y Peking NCNA in English 1717 GMT 2 Apr 78 OW

(NCNA correspondent's commentary: "What Does Presence of Soviet Union's 'Foreign
Legion' in Africa Mean?" ]

(Text ] Peking, 2 Apr (HSINHUA)--Nineteen days have elapsed since Somalia completed its
troop withdrawal from Ogadenon March 14. Yet there is still no sign that the Cuban

IT. 4& Apr 78 A2 PRC
INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS

troops, whom the world public call the "foreign legion" of the Soviet Union. would
withdraw from the Horn of Africa. Instead, word comes that Cuba is sending veinforce-
ments to the Horn of Africa and southeastern Africa. People now raise the question:
Sance the original pretext for the military intervention no longer exists, why is it
that the mercenary troops in the pay of the Soviet Union should hang on “irst in
Angola and then in the Horn of Africa? And to what part of the African Continent will
the Kremlin direct this seourge next?

The lesson one has learnt from this is: Once the mercenary troops of the Soviet Union
stepped on the soil of an African region on country, they would not quit easily. This
is because their military actions in Africa are not merely acts of military inter-
vention against one region or one country; they are closely related to the ambitions
of social-imperialism for world domination and to its increasingly intense rivalry
with the other superpower. ‘This "foreign legion" formed by Cuban troops is but a

tool of the Kremlin for world hegemony.

Nikita Khrushchev introduced missiles into Cuba in 1962. This action showed that as
early as the 1960's when the Soviet Union was beginning to degenerate into social-
imperialism and to contend for supremacy with U.S. imperialism, the masters of the
Kremlin already singled out Cuba as their base for confrontation and rivalry with

the United States. In the past 10 years or more when the Soviet Union has completely
degenerated into social-imperialism, it has not only turned Cuba into a military
springboard in the Caribbean but also placed the Cuban Armed Forces under its control.
The 20-odd Cuba-based Soviet TU-95B long-range reconnaissance bombers are making
regular flights near the U.S. proper. Cienfuegos of Cuba has been turned into a base
for the Soviet special task fleet to make constant presence in the Caribbean. A
strategic highway best suited for military aircraft in wartime is being built in
Cuba. The Soviet Union has poured more than 3,000 million U.S. dollars' worth of
military hardware into Cuba to equip and train Cuban Armed Forces into the second
strongest combat units in the Western Hemisphere after the U.S. Armed Forces.

The Cuban troops have made their presence as the Soviet Union's "foreign legion" in
some regions of the world at a time when she rivalry between the two superpowers for
hegemony in Europe and its flanks has become ever more acute. They were transported
from the far-off Caribbean to Angola. Equipped with Soviet arms and led by Soviet
generals, the Cuban forces in Angola started their expeditions in the African Continent.
Then came the armed invasion of Zaire engineered by the Soviet Union and Cuba. Then
follows their armed intervention in the Horn of Africa.

In an article carried in the French paper LE MONDE on February 10 discussing the
strategic significance of the presence of the Soviet "foreign legion" in Africa,
defense expert Jacques Isnard says: "Under the umbrella of nuclear deterrent which is
aimed at 'freezing' the sitvation in certain regions of the world, notably in Europe,
the Soviet Union has perfected a military capacity of long-distance int-rvention which
relies on the existence of a new 'foreign legion' in its service: Cubai. units and
technicians of central Europe." According to the intent of the Kremlin, a Cuban
expeditionary corps of professional soldiers "eun be put in the first line of the
scene where the Soviets would not like very much to occup} themselves".

It is very obvious that by supplying Cubans with money and weapons for them to fight
in Africa, the Soviet Union aims to establish its own spheres of influence in Africa,
encircle Burope from the flanks, and pose a threat to the lifeline, namely the sea
route for petroleum transport, of the Western countries.

I. 4 Apr 78 A 3 PRC
INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS

The using of Cuban troops by the Soviet Union to carry out armed intervention in Africa
also indicated that social-imperialism has developed into a stage when it would not
scruple to launch a limited conventional war to realize its strategic ambition for
world supremacy.

After the Soviet mezcenaries staged an armed intervention in Angola, the U.S. weekly
CLARION pointed out that Cuba had become a Troy horse installed by the Soviet Union
in the Third World. Cuba's status as a weak nation being subjected to prolonged
colonial oppression, its leader's "revolutionary" cloak and even the complexion of
its black troops which makes it difficult to differentiate them from the Africans,
all these are factors in the Kremlin choice of Cuba as its cat's-paw to cover up its
armed expansion in Africa.

Western information agencies estimated that Cuban troops in Africa have now exceeded
40,000, or nearly one-third of the strength of the Cuban regular force. To equip

this "foreign legion", the Soviet Union has sent armaments worth over 1,000 million
U.S. dollars to Africa. For sending these Cubans to Africa the Soviet Union organized
a massive long-range air and marine transport unprecedented since World War Two.
Judging by the fact that the Kremlin has set such a big chip in this gambling and that
Soviet mercenaries have been fighting in Africa for the past 3 years, it is clear

that the Soviet Union, after long deliberation, has taken an ambitious strategic
action in Africa, an action which it will never give up lightly.

In the Caribbean crisis in October, 1962 after the United States spotted the missiles
which Khrushchev had furtively sent to Cuba, U.S. President John F. Kennedy, in a
grim trial of force with the Soviet Union, ordered a naval blockade of Cuba. Reeling
back from his acts of adventurism in the subsequent confrontation, Khrushchev turned
to capitulationism and pulled the Soviet missiles and bombers out of Cuba and even
agreed to the humiliating demand for inspection by U.S. ships on the way home.

Now, 16 years later, the Soviet Union and Cuba were emboldened to commit flagrant
military intervention in Africa. As the British MP Winston S. Churchill put it, "This
new crisis finds the West in acute disarray, lacking the will to challenge the brazen
Soviet aggression at any point. The United States sits paralysed as reinforcements
leave Cuba by sea and by air, beneath their very nose."

Nor has the United States reacted in any way to the fact that Soviet aircraft and
warships and even nuclear-powered submarines stay at Cuban bases and that Soviet

pilots took the place of the Cuban ones sent to Africa and fly patrol missions just
off the U.S. limits.

The change that took place in the last 16 years points to the decline of an imperialist
power of te old order and the meteoric rise of a social-imperialist upstart. Today,
the Soviet; Union has become the most dangerous source of another world war.

However, historical development is inexorable. The United States, for many years the
world gendarme, had once engineered the invasion of Cuba by mercenaries it formed of
Cuban exiles, but the whole venture ended in abject fiasco, and it has been on the
decline. Who would care to assert that Soviet social-imperialism, now throwing its
weight around all over the world, will not drift into the same rut of U.S. imperialism.

Iv 4 Apr 7 A 4 PRC
INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS

DRAFT TREATY REVEALS SOVIET UNION'S 'HEGEMONIC AMBITIONS!
0W031726Y Peking NCNA in English 1709 GMT 3 Apr 78 ow

[Text] ‘Tokyo, 3 Apr (HSINHUA)--The draft of the "Soviet-Japan good neighbourhood and
cooperation treaty" is "a vevelation of the hegemonic ambitions of the Brezhnev clique

to put Japan under the sway of the Soviet Union", says organ of the Workers Party of
Japan RONO SENBO in a recent article. The article says that the draft made public uni-
laterally by the Soviet Union not long ago is "a treaty of military alliance which is
aimed at crippling the Japan-U.S. security system, replacing U.S. imperialism with Soviet
social-imperialism and putting Japan under Soviet military control."

"In their attempt to impose a de facto military alliance treaty on Japan, Soviet social-
imperialists are not merely exerting diplomatic pressure. We must realize that they are
also strengthening their military build-up in the Far East and speeding up war prepara-

tions so as to increase their military pressure on Japan", the article adds.

After enumerating Soviet naval and air manoeuvres around Japan since the beginning of
this year, it points out that the vast Soviet military build-up in the Far East is "a
step in its war preparations and in its rivalry for world domination with U.S. imperialism".

The article concludes, "We condemn and firmly oppose the scramble for hegemony by the
two superpowers, the Soviet Union and United States, in Asia as well as in the world,
their encroachment on other countries' sovereignty and independence, and their perverted
acts to increase the danger of a new world war by dragging other countries onto their
chariot of aggression. In particular, we denounce Soviet social-imperialism for its
ruthless oppression and menace against and interference in Japan. And we will put up

a fight against it".

The March issue of AFRO-ASIAN SOLIDARITY, organ of the Japan Committee for Afro-Asian
People's Solidarity, reported that the standing directors of the committee had met to
discuss the dangers implied in the Soviet draft and the ulterior motives in dishing up

the draft.

Many participants repeatedly pointed out ‘n their speeches that the draft offered in
the name of good "neighbourhood and cooperation" is actually a treaty of military alli-
ance. It is a link in Soviet war preparations and in pushing Soviet hegemonic policy
in the whole world, and it is a major step in the Soviet attempt to put Japan under its

control, they said.

SOVIET THIRD WORLD 'SOCIAL IMPERIALIST EXPANSION! EXPOSED
0WO31724Y Peking NCNA in English 1641 GMT 3 Apr 78 OW

[Text] Peking, 3 Apr (HSINHUA)--The Malaysian paper KUANG HUA YIT PAO in an editorial
on April 1 exposes Soviet social-imperialist expansion in the Third World, according to
a Kuala Lumpur report. It points out that a more and more resolute struggle is being
waged by the Third World countries against the Soviet Union recently. This struggle
forcefully shows the irresistible fighting current of the Third World countries anu

peoples.

The editorial says: "The contradictions between the Third World on the one hand and
the Soviet Union and the United States on the other are irreconcilable. The two cuper-
powers have not only made Europe the focus of their contention, but also carried out
expansion in the Third World with broad areas, rich resources and a vast population.

I, 4 Apr 78 | A 5 PRC
INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS

It points out: "The Soviet doings in the Third World stand diametrically opposed to

the latter's interests. When the Third World countries want to defend their national

independence and state sovereignty, the Soviet Union is interfering in their internal

affairs and carrying out subversive activities against them. When a number of Third

World councries need weapons to fight against imperialism and colonialism and to

strengthen their defense ability, the Soviet Union seizes the opportunity to engage in

endless munition ccals and let its military forces infiltrate into these countries and

lord it over them. In a word, the Soviet Union is trying to poke into every nook and

corner of the Third World." e ("

It adds that the Soviet Union is a self-styled "natural @liy" of the Third World and :
keeps crying about its "selfless aid". However, its hyp “erisy cannot cover its true
coleurs. The so-called "selfless aid" is aimed to subjeq, others to its orders. The
so-called "natural alliance" is aimed at putting the Th@ orld countries one by one
into its spheres of influence through agreements full 4% igh-sounding terms.

The editorial says: "Therefore, the Third World countrieg in recent years have engaged

more and more resolutely in the struggle against the Shy Lt Union, breaking its evil
talons of subversion and infiltration, abdrogating treaties with the Soviet Union,

expelling Soviet military personnel and demanding the withdrawal of Soviet military bases

from their territories. These facts positively demonst. ate that the torrent of struggle

against hegemonism waged by the Third World countries and peoples cannot be stemmed."

NETHERLANDS PAPER REPORTS OUSTER OF THREE SOVIET SPIES

OW311419Y Peking NCNA in English 1245 GMT 31 Mar 78 OW

[Text] Brussels, 30 Mar (HSINHUA)--The Government of the Kingdom of the Netherlands has
ousted three Soviet spies from the country, DE TELEGRAAF reported today. The three spies
are S.V. Chervavev, member of the Soviet commercial mission in Amsterdam, I.A. Lepukhev,
director of the bureau of the Soviet "Intourist" in Holland, and A.S. Poleshchuk, a
Soviet citizen residing in the country. The three Soviets collected confidential informa-
tion on computers and electronic research which is very important to the system of modern

weapons.

It was not the first time for Soviet officials in Holland to be engaged in espionage
activities. Another member of the Soviet commercial mission in Amsterdam, Burmistrov,
and a staff member of the Holland-Soviet joint enterprise in Hilversum, Khlystov, were
expelled in April 1976 by the Dutch Government for their spying activities.

Personage concerned in the Netherlands pointed out the case showed once again that
the Russians are engaged in espionage activities under the cover of their institutions

working abroad.

NORTH ASIA
JAPANESE FRIENDSHIP DELEGATION FETED IN PEKING
0W031833Y Peking NCNA in English 1741 GMT 3 Apr 78 OW

[Text] Peking, 3 Apr (HSINHUA)--The Peking branch of the China Internat ional Travel
Service gave a banquet here this evening in honour of a friendship delegation from
various circles of the Tokai region, Japan. They dined on Peking roast duck.

I, 4 apr 78 A 6 PRC
INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS

: Led by Mr Chuji Kuno, an old friend of the Chinese people, the delegation is made up
of more than 120 members. Many of them helped with the successful Chinese exhibition
in Nagoya last year.

During the enjoyable chat between Chinese and Japanese friends this evening, they
it expressed their determination to make further efforts to promote friendship between
l the two peoples, This afternoon, Vice-Chairman of the Peking Municipal Revolutionary
| Committee Wang Hsiao-i met with delegation leader Chuji Kuno, depuvy leader Tatsu Hayashi,
Mrs Hayashi and other Japanese friends, The conversation was cordial and friendly.
The Japanese friends visited Shanghai, Nanking and Yangchow before arriving here on
i April ).

FUKUDA REPORTED BLAMING U.S. FOR WEAKENING DOLLAR VALUE
OW0O31845Y Peking NCNA in English 1735 GMT 3 Apr 78 OW

{(Excerpts] Tokyo, 3 Apr (HSINHUA)--The soaring yen broke the 220 mark to reach a new
high of 218.2 to the U.S, dollar on the foreign exchange market here today.

According to Japanese press reports, answering a question on the yen revaluation by a
! Dietman of the Komei Party at a meeting of the Budget Committee of the House of Councillors,
Prime Minister Fuki ia said, "The nature of the question is the big U.S. trade deficit and

the worsening infl: ’ on in that country."

BRIEFS

ENVOY IN JAPAN--Tokyo, 31 Mar--A special performance was given by the Matsuyama Ballet
Troupe and the Matsuyama Ballet School here this evening to an audience of more than
4,000 to celebrate the 30th founding anniversary of the troupe and the 42d anniversary

) of Mikiko Matsuyama's career as a dancer. Chinese Ambassador to Japan Fu Hao and
diplomatic envoys of some other countries were present. [Peking NCNA in English 1222 GMT

1 Apr 78 ow]

SOUTHEAST ASIA & PACIFIC

ALLIED NAVAL EXERCISE HELD IN PACIFIC, INDIAN OCEANS

OW31550¥Y Peking NCNA in English 1504 GMT 3 Apr 78 OW

[Text] Canberra, 3 Mar (HSINHUA)--Australia, Canada, New Zealand, the United Kingdom
and the United States began today an allied naval exercise in the Pacific and Indian
Oceans, a spokesman for the Australian Department of Defence said here today. A press
release issued by the department on March 28 said that the multi-nation exercise, nick-
named "Roll Call", was designed to "test plans and procedures for the control and protec-
tion of merchant shipping in the Pacific and Indian oceans in the event of hostilities",

The department said that almost 150 Royal Australian Naval Reserve personnel were
mobilised to take part in the exercise and they were supported by staffs of Royal
Australian Nav. and Royal Australian Air Force officers. Australia lad staged three
joint military exercises with some or all of the above-mentioned cow tries since last
November, The exercise is due to end on April 14. Meanwhile, a comtined air force

and army exercise has begun today by Royal Australian Air Force and ioyal Australian
Army at Woomera. The Australian Department of Defence said in a press release last month
: that the exercise called "Shifting Sands Two", is "essentially an exercise in helicopter
tactics and procedures", It involved various kinds of fighters, transport and support
aircraft aud helicopters and more than 300 troops from the infantry, artillery and the
air transport support wegiment. It will last till April ll.

I. 4 Apr 78 AT PRC
INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS

KWANGTUNG HOLDS BANQUET FO? THAI PRIME MINISTER
QWO31734Y Peking N’NA in English 1715 GMT 3 Apr 78 OW

[Text] Canton, 3 Apr (HSINHUA)--Prime Minister of the Kingdom of Thailand Kriangsak
Chamanan with his wife and other distinguished Thai guests was honoured at a banquet by
the Kwangtung Provincial Revolutionary Committee here this evening, Reviewing his friendly
visit to China, the Thai prime minister in his toast said: The aim of our current visit

to China is to develop friendly relations and close cooperation between the two countries,
We are very glad to have had a wide exchange of views with Chinese leaders on questions in
the interests of both sides, enhanced our mutual understanding and reached identical

vies with regard to the peace, stability and other major issues of our region. Both sides
- .3e@ to cooperate in promoting trade and science and technology, and have got initial
results in all these fields, I am very glad to note that Chinese leaders have expressed to
me their support for the Association of the Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) and for its
proposal to establish a peaceful, free and neutralized region in Southeast Asia, We.were
deeply impressed by the moving and very friendly hospitality accorded us during ow’ visit.
We also saw tle Chinese people concerting their efforts to surmount difficulties, determined
to accomplish the long-term plan to make China a prosperous, powerful, modern country within
the next 22 years under the leadership of their own wise leader Chairman Hua Kuo-feng,

In his toast, Chiao Lin-i, vice-chairman of the provincial Revolutionary Committee and
chairman of the Canton City Revolutionary Committee, said that ties of kinship bind people
“) Kwangtung with the people of Thailand, because of the long, traditional friendship and
fvequent contacts between them, They fell particularly close to the distinguished guests
com Thailand, When a troupe of young Kwangtung acrobats viuited Thailand not long ago,
he Thai people met them with friendship and hospitality and they had the honour to be
received and feted by Prime Minister Kriangsak Chamanan. The current visit by his ex-
sellency vhe prime minister would be a positive contribution to advancing the friendly
relations and cooperation between the two countries and the friendship between the two
peoples,

Attending the banquet were Vice-Chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's
Congress Chi Peng-fei and Vice-Minister of Foreign Affairs Han Nien-lung, who accompanied
the Thai prime minister and Mrs. Chamanan to Canton,

The distinguished Thai guests arrived in Canton from Kweilin by special plane at noon
today. Airport welcomers included Vice-Chairman Chiao Lin-1 and Deputy Commander of the
Canton units of the Chinese People's Liberation Army Ou Chih-fu.

[Peking NCNA Domestic Service in Chinese at 1648 GM? on 3 April carries a similar item,
rendering this paragraph as follows: "Airport welcomers included Vice Chairman Chiao Lin-i,
Vice Chairman Liu Tien-fu of the Kwangtung Provincial Revolutionary Committee, Deputy
Commander Ou Chih-fu of the Canton PLA units, Vice Chairmen Meng Hsien-te of the Kwangtung
Provincial Revolutionary Committee, Liang Hsiang, vice chairman of the provincial
Revolutionary Committee and the Canton Municipal Revolutionary Committee, Vice Chairman

Liu Kuei-lan of the Canton Municipal Revolutionary Committee, and the responsible personnel
from the departments concerned, including Yang Ko-chung, Chou Chien-fu and Li Chieh,"]

I. 4 Apr 78 A 8 PRC
INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS

The airport was a scene of jubilation, More than 2,000 welcomers beat drums and gongs
and performed traditional lion dances. People carried a streamer inscribed "Long live
the friendship between the Chinese and Thai peoples".

In the afternoon, the Thai prime minister and his wife visited the Tali people's commne in
Nanhai County, accompanied by Vice-Foreign Minister Han Nien-lung and Vice-Chairman Chiao
Lin-i, They saw rice seedlings transplanted, and inspected an irrigation project. The
distinguished guests were warmly received at the commune.

- In the morning, the guests visited the reed flute cave in Kweilin. Upon their departure ;
from Kweilin, the Thai visitors were seen off at the airport by Liu Chung-kuel, vice-

chairman of the Kwangsi Chuang Autonomous Region Revolutionary Committee, and Kuo Peng,

chairman of the Kweilin City Revolutionary Committee.

RICE CONTRACT SIGiWED WITH MALAYSIA ON 31 MARCH
QWO21848Y Peking NCNA in English 1741 GMT 2 Avr 78 OW

[Text] Peking, 2 Apr (HSINHUA)--Acontract on the purchase of rice by Malaysia from China
was signed in Kuala Lumpur on 31 March, according to Malaysian press reports,

Datuk Mohamed Sopiec, chairman of the national paddy and rice board, and Li Feng, commercial
counsellor of the Chinese Embassy in Malaysia, signed the document, under which China will sell
100,000 tons of rice to Malaysia in the later half of this year.

BRIEFS

PAINTING EXHIBITION IN FiJI--Peking, 31 Mar--An exhibition of Chinese traditional paintings,
oil paintings, water colours, new year pictures and engravings was held at the Fiji mseum
from March 22 to 30, according ‘to a Suva report. The exhibits, which depicted the life and
struggle of the working people in new China, were welcomed by the Fijian public. [Excerpt]
[Peking NCNA in English 1255 GMT 27 Mar 78 Ow]

SOUTH ASIA
NEPALESE ASSEMBLY DELEGATION VISITS TACHAI

QWO31600Y Peking NCNA in English 1542 GMT 3 Apr 78 OW

[Text] Tachai, 3 Apr (HSINHUA)--The Nepalese National Panchayat delegation led by

Gunjeswari Prasad Singh, chairman of that body's Water tesources Committee, arrived

at the Tachai production brigade this morning. 0n the visit to this national pace-setter
: in agriculture in north China's Shansi Province, they were accompanied by Chang Chi-lung,
member of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress.

They received a warm welcome from Kuo Feng-lien, vice-chairman of the Shansi Provincial
Revolutionary Committee, and leading member of the producti n brigade, and other commune
members, Kuo Feng-lien told the visiters of the peasants' achievements in changing their
natural environment. She said this was the result of carrying out Chairman Mao!s instructions
and acting in the revolutionary spirit of self-reliance and hard strugg’e.

At the mountainous Tachai brigad., the Nepalese guests inspectea terrac. * elds, the 1
sprinkler irrigation system, reservoirs and the new village that has been built.

{, 4% Apr 78 A

aay

INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS

Cc

Delegat.on leader Gunjeswari Prasad Singh said: "You have really become the masters of
nature, Wepal has many mountains and rivers, so your achievements are very encouraging
for us."

The distinguished guests also called at a few peasant homes. They found a wedding going
on at one of these and wished happiness and harmony to the couple, who served them
wedding cakes, <=» the afternoon, they visited the Tachai brigade exhibition hall, and
saw the film "Tachai Fields," on the deep-going changes in the village.

Kuo Fengelien gave a banquet in their honour this evening in the name of the Shansi
Provincial Revolutionary Committee and the Tachai production brigade.

NEPAL'S; AMBASSADOR DEPARTS FOR HOME AT END OF
OWO31544Y Peking NCNA in English 1513 GMT 3 ° 78 WW

[Text] Peking, 3 Apr (HSINHUA) --K.B, Rana, anbassador of the Kingdom of Nepal to the
People's Republic of China, left here for home today at the end of his term of office.

MALDIVES CELEBRATES 13TH ANNIVERSARY OF INDEPENDENCE
QW011810Y Peking NCNA in English 1635 GMT 1 Apr 78 OW

[Text] Male, 1 Apr (HSINHUA) --Grand celebrations were held here during the past 3 days
to mark the 13th anniversary of the independence of tlie Republic of Maldives. The
capital of Male was in a festival mood. The marin streets were decorated with colourful
flags. On March 29, the national day, about 6,000 people, of whom many ferried in from
outer islands, participated in celebrations held at the national ground in Male. In the
afternoon a mass procession took place, National security guards and school children
in their holiday best marched past the reviewing stand in high spirits. Traditional
dances depicting a national hero fighting against the colonial invaders and showing
Maldivian fishermen working were verformed,.

Cabinet ministers headed by Amir Abdul Hannan Haleem, minister of public safety, attended
the celebration. Chinese Ambassador to the Maldives Sun Sheng-ewei was present on the
occasion,

In the evening, a reception was given to mark the national day. Maldivian Minister of
Agriculture Ibrahim Shihab, Minister of Transport Maumoom Abdul Gayoom and Minister of
txternal Affairs Fathulla Jameel spoke at the reception. They expressed the determination
to safeguard independence and sovereignty and emphasized the importance of economic
development. They also reviewed the great achievements scored by the Maldives under

the leadership of President Amir Ibrahim Nasir.

EUROPE
TRADE PACT SIGNED WITH EEC MARKS ‘SUPPORT! FOR EUROPE
QWO41230Y Peking NCNA in English 1220 GMT 4 Apr 78 W

[Text] Brussels, 3 Apr (HSINHUA) --A trade agreement between the European Economic
Community (EC) and the People's Republic of China was signed here today. The agreement
was signed by Chinese Foreign Trade Minister Li Chiang on behalf of his government, and
by K.B, Andersen, executive president of the EEC Council of Ministers and Danish foreign
minister, and Wilhelm Haferkamp, vice-president of the FEC Commission in Charge of Foreign
Affairs, on behalf of the European Economic Community.

I, 4 Apr 78 A 10. PRC

INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS
Andersen, Haferkamp and J,i Chiang spoke at the signing ceremony, The signing of the
agreement, Andersen said, is "a decisive 1...» in the positive development" of relations
between the two parties. "We are convinced that the agreement will enable our trade
relations to enter a new era," he said, and added; "We are particularly happy about
the development of closer and more friendly relations with the People's Republic of
China." Haferkamp said that the signing of the agreement is "imrortant not only for
economic reasons but also--and above all--for political reasons" and that "the agree-
ment is a beginning of the development that will be of benefit to both sides",

Li Chiang said that the signing of the agreement "marks a new development in the politi-
cal and economic relations between China and the EEC." He said: "Despite the different
social systems between our country and the (EEC) member states, we all face the common
task of safeguarding our independence and sovereignty. We have much in common and should
support each other. We suppoi't Western Euror? in its union for strength and in its
struggle against hegemony, We want to see a united and powerful Europe,"

Andersen gave a reception at the end of the signing ceremony. Haferkamp gave a
luncheon in honour of Li Chiang and his party.

Hope for ‘Expansion!
QW031319Y Tokyo KYODO in English 1239 GMT 3 Apr 78 OW

[Excerpts] Brussels, 3 Apr (KYODO)--The European Communities and China signed a 5-year
agreement for most-favored-nation bilateral trade treatment at the EC headquarters here

Monday morning.

The two sides hope the .wew agreement will lead to a trade expansion equal to the trade
between China and Japan, which totaled about 3.5 billion dollars in 1977.

The trade pact calls for China's favorable consideration to imports of EC products and
the EC's gradual import liberalization for Chinese-made products. Under the accord,
both sides will meet annually. Regarding emergency import curbs, the most difficult
issue in the preliminary negotiations, they agreed that each case should be settled
through friendly consultations, They also agreed that each side wo: 1 be able to
impose unilateral import curbs in emergency cases. The new trade pact is expected to
become a base for China to step up its relations with the Common Market under its

four-point state modernization policy.
FRG MINISTER, CHANCELLOR RECEIVE FOREIGN TRADE MINISTER
LDO4LO“OY Hamburg DPA in German 1026 GYT 4 Apr 78 LD

[Excerpts] Bonn--Federal Economics Minister Otto Graf Lambsdorff today met the Chinese
Foreign Trade Minister Li Chiang for a discussion, The Chinese minister was also re-
ceived by Federal Chancellor Helmut Schmidt for'a talk, Li Chiang is the first Chinese
cabinet member tu pay a visit to the Federal Republic.

Yesterday in Brussels the Chinese minister signed a 5-year tride agreement between the
European Community and the People's Republic of China,

Li Chiang is in the Federal Republic until 10 April at the invitation of Federal
Economics Minister Otto Graf Lambsdorff,

The Chinese minister arrived in the Federal Republic during the nig!.‘: by train from
Brussels.

I. 4 Apr 78 All PRO
INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS

HUANG HUA GIVES BANQUET FOR SWEDISH FOREIGN MINISTER

QWO31712Y Peking NCNA in English 1627 GMT 3 Apr 78 OW

[Text] Peking, 3 Apr (HSINHUA)--Huang Hua, Chinese foreign minister, gave a banquet in :
the Great Hall of the People here this evening in honour of Mrs. Karin Soder, Swedish
minister of foreign affairs, ana her party, Present were Swedish Ambassador to China )
Kaj Bjork and his wife, members of Mrs, Karin Soder's party and accompanying corres- ,
pondents., Attending also were Wang Jun-sheng, vice-minister of foreign trade; Sung ;
Chih-kuang, assistant foreign minister; and fing Hsueh-sung, vice-president of the ;
Chinese People's Association for Friendship With Foreign Countries.

Huang Hua and Mrs. Karin Soder spoke at the banquet which proceeded in an atmosphere full
of warm friendship. Foreign Minister Hua Hua said; "The Swedish people love freedom
and independence, and they have developed advanced industry, agriculture and science

and technulogy with their own talents and industrious work. We appreciate all these as
well as the fact that the Swedish Government pursues a policy cf neutrality, is strength-
ening its defence to safeguard its national independence and state sovereignty and in
international affairs takes a stand for the equality of all countries, irrespective of
their size, and against aggression and expansion,

Sweden was one of the first countries to establish diplomatic rélations with China, he
said, "In recent years, exchanges between our two countries in the political, trade,
cultural, scientific-technological and sports fields have increased day by day, and our
traditional friendship has further developed."

The foreign minister pointed out: "The Chinese people under the leadership of the party
Central Committee headed by our wise leader Chairman Hua Kuo-feng have been advancing
triumphantly on all fronts along Chairman Mao's révolutionary line." "We are determined
to modernize our in‘ustry, agriculture, national defence and science and technology and
develop China into a powerful socialist country by the end of this century."

"In international relations we will, as always," he said, "firmly implement Chairman
Mao's revolutionary line in foreign affairs and will never seek hegemony or become a
superpower, We maintain that all countries, irrespective of their size, should be equal
and that bigger countries should not bully smaller ones and stronger countries should
no pressure weaker ones, We are opposed to superpower interference in other countries’
ir 2rnal affairs or superpower monopoly of international affairs.

"We will follow Chairman Mao's theory on the three worlds and, while strengthening our
unity with other Third World countries, ally with all countries that oppose superpower
aggression, subversion, interference, control or bullying in tie struggle against
superpower hegemonism.,"

Mrs. Karin Soder said: "The Chinese civilization is very old. Chinese goods were
imported into Sweden several hundred years ago, creating a strong interest in things
Chinese in Sweden. Over the centuries this interest has developed into real friendship."
She said that since the establishment of the People's Republic of China, there had been
close cooperation between the two governments and peoples. "Our cooperation is well
established in many fields."

I. 4 Apr 78 A l2 PRC
INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS

"Our trade, which was slackening for a few years, is now showing a new impetus. That
is fine. There are other opportunities in the industrial and scientific fields that
we should use to our mutual advantage."

Mrs, Karin Soder said; "Great changes have taken place in China in the last two years.
Under the leadership of Chairman Hua Kuo-feng and the party Central Committee, the
Chinese people has set oui on a determined course to modernize China, At the recent
Fifth National People's Congress you have set yourselves important economic targets,
the achievement of which will make China an economic world power before the end of the
century. This will be a new Long March ahead, I have no doubt that China will attain

its new goals."

She stressed; "Irrespective of our size and our different political and economic sys-
tems, each of us has a special obligation to contribute to the maintenanve of world
peace, Sweden is a small neutral country in northern Europe. Together with our
Scandinavian neighbours we try to maintain a stable military and political situation in
the Nordic area that is free from tension.

"China is a great power, whose influence is global in several ways, for instance through
the example China is setting by its policy of self-reliance. My visit here today is a
proof of the importance we attach to our cooperation with China in international affairs."

Swedish Minister's Interview
LD032215Y Stockholm Domestic Service in Swedish 1700 GMT 3 Apr 78 LD

{Text] Swedish Foreign Minister “arin Soder arrived in Peking last night, 14 hours late
because of bad weather. During the morning she had talks with her Chinese counterpart,
Huang Hua. A little later in the day she visited the old city of the emperors in the
center of Peking, where she described the first discussions with radio correspondent

Rolf Soderberg:

([Soder--begin recording] (?In Peking) I had a 3-hour discussion, and one can say that
the [word indistinct] I had today, I explained our view on security [words indistinct]
in the north and in Europe, but also (?some) international security issues. We did not
have time to go into them today. In addition, I explained our work in the field of
disarmament and our preparations for the disarmament session in New York.

{Question] With regard to security, have the Chinese in any way spoken about the threat
from the Soviet Union?

{[Answer] The Chinese attitude toward our common neighbor is very well known, In the
latter part of our discussion the Chinese foreign minister explained their view of
security matters. There were (words indistinct] direct news that came out in this

discussion.

{Question indistinct]

{Answer] They did not (?warn) Sweden, but it is quite general that they see very great
possibilities of war if there are not enough efforts to achieve international cooperation
to prevent it. [Words indistinct] to organize our foreign political activity to reduce
tension in the world, and to (?safeguard) peace and prevent a war.

I. 4 Apr 78 A 13 PRC
INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS

[Question] (?The hosts) have been cordial. It has, however, aroused a certain amount
of irritation on the Chinese side that the Swedish delegation arrived via the Soviet
Union and on board a Soviet plane, [Word indistinct] is foreign Minister Karin Soder
surprised over [word indistinct ]?

(Answer) My comment (?is) that we have good relations with both China and the Soviet
Union, and it was cheapest for the Swedish state [word indistinct] the shortest way
{brief passage indistinct ].

SPANISH LABOR PARTY RESOLUTION CRITICIZES U,S,, USSR
OWO4l303Y Peking NCNA in English 1238 amr 4 Apr 78 OW

{[rext] Madrid, 2 Apr (HSINHUA)--The first national congress of the Labour Party of
Spain was held here from March 17 to 20, A total of 800 delegates attended the congress.
Eladio Garcia Castro, general secretary of the party, made a report to the congress on
the work of the party's leading body. The congress elected the first Central Committee
of the party and reelected Eladio Garcia Castro general secretary of the party. It

also adopted eight resolutions.

The resolution on th: present international situation points out, "The United ‘ates and
the Soviet Union are dominating many countries in the political, economic and military
spheres directly or through a third party for the benefit of their contenticn for world
hegemony. They are exploiting, oppressing and aggressive superpowers and the common
enemies of the people over the world,"

The resolution says, "The oppressed people of Asia, Africa and Latin-America, which
stand with the socialist countries, are the main force in the struggle against imperialism
colonialism and superpower hegemonism, "

The resolution on "the need of the party to adapt itself to the changing conditions at
home" says: "The Labour Party of Spain as a vanguard of the working class must have a
revolutionary theory and proper strategy and tactics in conformity with the fundamental
changes in the internal situation, and must adopt a policy which ensures the settlement
of the pressing problems among the masses, so that they can be protected."

SPANISH JOURNAL PRAISES EXAMPLE OF CHOU RN-LAI
OWO31850Y Peking NCNA in English 1726 GMT 3 Apr 78 ow

Text) Madrid, 2 Apr (HSINHUA)--"In Comrade Chou En-lai, all of us communists see the
example of a proletarian revolutionary dedicated to the noblest cause of humanity,"
Says an article carried in the latest issue of EN LUCHA, organ of the Central Committee
of the Spanish Workers! Revolutionary Organization.

The article adds, "Chou En-lai was Chairman Mao's indefatigable comrade-in-arms.

At Chairman Mao's side, he pursued the Long March and, together with Chairman Mao, led

the party and state from the founding of the People's Republic of China till his death

in 1976. “hou En-lai correctly directed the implementation of the domest’> ind foreign
policies of the People's Republic of China, As shown by the exhibition of homage held

in Peking, he led a plain life, did a great deal of work and dedicated all his life

to the cause of revolution, "

INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS

The article notes, "During his prolonged illness, Comrade Chou En-lai continued to work
and even received foreign guests at the hospital. Even at the last stage of his life, he
still diligently studied Marxism-Leninism-Mao Tsetung Thought. "

KENG PIAO MEETS WITH NETHERLANDS M-L PARTY OFFICIAL
OWOL1314yY Peking NCNA in English 1246 GMT 1 Apr 78 ow

[Text] Peking, 1 Apr (HSINHUA)--Keng Piao, member of the Political Bureau of the Central
Committee of the Communist Party of China, this afternoon met and had a cordial and friendly
talk with Cc, Petersen, tecretary of the Central Committee of the Marxist-Leninist Party

of the Netherlands. Present on the occasion were Feng Hsuan, member of the CCP Central
Committee and deputy director of the In‘ernational Liaison Department of the CCP Central
Committee, and Chu Ta-cneng, director of a bureau under the department. Comrade c,

Petersen arrived here on March 25,

FRENCH BUSINESSMEN DEPART PEKiNG FOR SHANGHAI, HANGCHOW
OWO41403Y Peking NCNA in English 1242 GMT 4 Apr 78 OW

[Text] Peking, 4 Apr (HSINHUA)--A delegation of the Chamber of Commerce and Industry of
Melun, France, lefthere for visits to Shanghai and Hangchow before going home. It is

led by the president of the chamber, Pierrs Marc Lautussier. The delegation arrived

here on March 50 at the invitation of the China Council for the Promotion of International
Trade. Li Chuan, vice-chairman of the host organization, mei and feted the French guests
and exchanged views with them on expanding trade with their area. The delegation had
business talks with other Chinese organizations and took time out to sightsee in Peking,

PEOPLE'S DAILY OFFICIALS FETE FRENCH NEWSPAPER DELEGATION

OW3i1632Y Peking NCNA in Mglish 1609 GMT 31 Mar 78 OV

[Text] Peking, 3] Mar (HSINHUA)--Hu Chi-wei, editor-in-chief of the PEOPLE'S DAILY,
hosted a dinner nere this evening in honour of a delegation of the French newspaper
L'HUMANITE ROUGE led by its Deputy Editor-in-Chief Georges Afanasslef, Leading member:

of the PEOPLE'S DAILY and departments concerned under the International Liaison Department

of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China were present at the dinner.

This morning, the French guests called at the PEOPLE'S DAILY and had a cordial talk with
their Chinese colleagues. The delegation arrived here yesterday.

TENG YING-CHAO MEETS WITH YUGOSLAV JOURNALISTS

OWO41214yY Peking NCNA in English 1206 GMT 4 Apr 78 OW

[Text] Peking, 4 Apr (HS!) HUA)--Teng Ying-chao, vice-chairman of the Standing Committee
of the National People’ ‘ress, met and had a cordial and friendly talk here this
morning with two Yugo: essmen: Radisav Brajovic, foreign relations editor of the
paper BORBA, and Maro): llovic, reporter of the paper VJESNIK,

Present on the occasion were Aleksandar Novacic, Peking based correspondent of the
Yugoslav news agency TANJUG, and Dragoslav Rancic, Peking based correspondent of the paper

POLITIKA,
Present was Wang Chen, deputy director of the Information Department of the Foreign
Ministry.

T, 4% Apr 78 A 15 \ PRC 4
INTERNAL LUNAL APPA Li.

Tienanmen Square Incident Explained
LDO4LO55Y Belgrade TANJUG Domestic Service in Serbo-Croatian 0931 GMT 4 Apr 78 LD

[Excerpts] Peking--The question of the "Tienanmen Square incident" has basically been
resolved, Yugoslav journalists were told this today by Teng Ying-chao, vice-chairman if
of the Standing “ommittee of the Chinese National People's Congress, (

She stressed she fully endorsed the assessment py iiua Kuo-feng, chairman of the CCP
Central Committee, who during a working meeting of the leadership said that, following mB
exhaustive investigations, it had been ascertained that Teng Hsiao-ping had no connection
whatever with "the Tienanmen Square incident,"

Assessing these events today, Teng Ying-chao conveyed Hua Kuo-feng!s assessment--the first
time for the foreign public--that the incident had been a popular expression of mourning
for Premier Chou En-lai,

There were people who opposed the "gang of four." ‘They took part in the demonstrations
in Tienanmen Square, said Teng Ying-chao, who is Chou En-lai's widow, In this sitmation,
she added, it is difficult to avoid 2 handful of counterrevolutionary elements acting in
keeping with their own interests.

According to Teng Ying-chao, "The Tienanmen Square incident" does not now represent "a
primary task," because basically the problem has been resolved (?and) adequately explained
(?to the people),

On the eve of memorial day tomorrow, wreaths have again been placed in Tieranmen Square,
They have been brought by representatives of work collectives or by pupils in Peking
schools. In a peaceful and dignified way they are paying tribute--in front of the monument
to people's heroes--to the great personalities China lost during the dramatic year of
1976--Mao Tsetung, Chou En-lai, Chu Te and many others,

CCP WORKERS DEIEGATION WELCOMED IN ROMANIAN COUNTIES
OWO41406Y Peking NCNA in English 1216 GMT 4 Apr 78 OW

[Text] Bucharest, 3 Apr (HSINHUA)--A delegation of Chinese Communist Party workers was
accorded a rousing welcome and reception by leading members of party and government organs
in Mehedinti and Dolu counties on April 1 and 2,

The delegation, which arrived in Romania for a friendly visit on March 31, is led by

Li I-meng, deputy head of the International Liaison Department of the Central Committee of
the Communist Party of China, with Yu Kuang-yuan, vice-president of the Chinese Academy of
Social Sciences and vice-minister of the State Scientific and Technological Commission, and
Chiao Shih, deputy head of the International Liaison Department of the CCP Central
Committee, as deputy heads,

When the Chinese party workers arrived in Mehedinti County near the border after
concluding their visit to Yugoslavia, they were greeted by Dumitru Turous, deputy head

of the Foreign Relations Department under the Central Committee of the Romanian Communist
Party; Florea Dumitrescu, member of the party Central Committee; and Chinese Ambassado~ to
Komenia Li Ting-chuan,

I. 4 Apr 78 A 16 PRC
INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS

HUNGARIAN ENVOY HOSTS LIBERATION DAY PARTY IN PEKING
OWO4ulK23y Peking NCNA in English 1200 GMT 4 Apr 78 OW

[Text] Peking, 4 Apr (HSINHUA)--Hungarian Ambassador and Mrs. Robert Ribanszki gave a
cocktail party at the embassy at noon today to mark the 33rd anniversary of the liber-

ation of Hungary.

Among the guests were Chung Fu-hsiang, minister of posts and telecomminications, Yu
Char, vice-foreign minister, Wu Hsiu-chuan, deputy-chief of General Staff of the
Chinese People's Liberation Army, Wang Jun-sheng, vice-minister of foreign trade, Ma
I, vice-minister of the State Planning Commission, Li Li-kung, vice-chairman of the
Peking Municipal Revolutionary Committee, and Lin Lin, vice-president of the Chinese
People's Association for Friendship with Foreign Countries.

Diplomatic envoys of various countries to China were also present.
MIDDLE BA* 7 & AFRICA

ISRAELIS DEMAND CONCESSIONS FROM PRIME MiNISTER BEGIN

OWO21858Y Peking NCNA in English 1746 aMT 2 Apr 78 OW

[Text] Peking, 2 Apr (HSINHUA)--Some 30,000 Israeli people heid a mass rally in Tel
Aviv of Israel yesterday, demanding that Prime Minister Menahem Begin make concession
in negotiations on the Middle East question, according to a report from that city.
The rally was held under the auspices of an organization of Israeli army veterans.
Referring to Begin's view that the West Bank of the Jordan River is Jewish land dated
back from biblical times, the moderator of the rally declured, "we have more respon-
sibility towards our children than towards our forefathers."

The participants of the rally demanded a halt to the building of settlements in the
occupied Arab land and called for more Israeli concession in negotiations as regards
Israeli withd@rawa) from the land it occupies. The organization of Israeli army veterans
announced that it had gathered more than 10,000 signatures on a petition to be presented

to Begin.

WEST BANK ARAB STUDENTS PROTEST ISRAELI OCCUPATION

OWO31849yY Peking NCNA in English 1730 GMT 3 Apr 78 W

[Text] Damascus, 3 Apr (HSINHUA)--Arab students on the West Bank of the Jordan River
staged large-scale demonstrations in protest against the Israeli occupation of the Arab
land, reported AL-BA'TH today. Arab students {hm Nabulus, Jenin and Tul Karim held demon-
strations yesterday, shouting "Down with Zionist ocoupation!" "Strengthen struggle un-
til Israeli withdrawal from all occupied Arab land!” and other slogans. They also put
up placards and distributed leaflets condemming Israeli invasion of south Lebanon.

Employees of Israeli newspapers and radio ani t« «vision services went on strike yester-
day in protest against the authorities' economic policy, reported the same paper. In-
creased taxes and soaring prices have added to the difficulties in the labouring people's
livelihood. Radio and television services were stopped and newspapers were out of
circulation as a result of the strike.

I. 4 Apr 78 A 17 PRC
INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS

AS-SADAT CITED ON OCCUPIED LANDS, PALESTINIAN RIGHTS
QWO21852Y Peking NCNA in English 1743 GMT 2 Apr 78 OW

(Text] Cairo, 1 Apr (HSINHUA) --Egyptian President Anwar as-Sadat yesterday reiterated
the demandfor the liberation of all the territories occupied by Israel in 1967 and for
the restoration to the Palestinians their right to decide their own destiny, according
to MIDDLE EAST NEWS AGENCY reports. Meeting a delegation of U.S, businessmen here, the
president said that none of the Arabs could accept Begin's intransigent policy.

Referring to “Ye negotiations between his country and Israel, President as-Sadat pointed
out that Isre-1 is not ready to accept his peace initiative yet. We are prepared to
resume negotiations as soon as the Israelis and we hve the same language, he added.

But he would not give up a single inch of land or svvereignty, he declared.

Another report said ‘lat Israeli Defence Minister 'Ezer Weizmann visited Egypt on

March 30 and 31. President as-Sadat received him and asked him to tell Begin that "so
far he has not respunded to my peace initiative." He also said, "We do not explore
peace on a bilateral level. We want an ultimate peace in the whole region."

PALESTINIAN, LEBANESE FORCES ATTACK ISRAELI 'AGGRESSORS '
OW031843Y Peking NCNA in English 1733 GMT 3 Apr 78 WW

[Text] Beirut, 2 Apr (HSINHUA)--The joint forces of Palestine and Lebanon continued

to attack Israeli aggressors in southern Lebanon, reported the Palestine news agency.
During the last 10 days of March, they destroyed six enemy tanks and 15 vehiclhs and
killed or wounded nearly 100 troops. The special units of the joint forces also
launched attacks on enemy positions and tank concentrations and ambushed the aggre sors.

Since the Israeli Zionists' proclamation of "cease-fire" in soutnern Lebanon, clashes
between Israel and the joint forces had never stopped. The Israeli artillery bombarded
the positions of the joint forces almost everyday. According to the communique of a
Palestinian military spokesman, Palestinian commandos were active in occupied Palestine.
They attacked the enemy in Jerusalem, Dorah and Haifa in late March.

ARABS MARK 'DAY OF LAND' ON 30 MARCH
QWO11728Y Peking NCNA in English 1535 GMT 1 Apr 78 OW

{Text] Peking, 31 Mar (HSINHUA)--A rally was held in Beirut yesterday marking the "Day
of Land', reported the Palestine news agency. Ina brief speech at the rally, Yasir
‘arafat, chairman of the Executive Committee of the Palestine Liberatim Organization,
condemned the conspiracies of Israel and its supporter, the imperialists.

The Lebanese and Palestinian fighters of the joint forces carried out an unrelenting
fighting in southern Lebanon for 8 consecutive days, he said. He quoted the fighters
as saying, the. land is Arabs' and remains to be theirs so long as rifles are in their
hands. He concluded his speech by saluting the southern Lebanese people, saying: "On
the occasion of the 'Day of Land', I would like to say to the heroic people in southern
Lebanon that we are together till victory."

I. 3 Apr 78 A 18 PRC
INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS

According to the Syrian paper AL-BA'TH, a delegation of Palestinians in the occupied
West Bank of the Jordan River and the Gaza Strip, braving obstruction and repression by
Israeli military and police forces, attended a ceremony in the town of Sakhnin for the
unveiling of a memorial monument for the six martyrs who had given their lives during
the previous "Day of Land" memorial activities. A demonstration was held after the
ceremony.

Palestinians in Khalil, Halfa, Nazareth, Gaza and other places also held demonstrations
and distributed handbills exposing Israeli expansionism and armed invasion in southern
Lebanon,

AL-BA'TH reported that Palestinian refugees in Damascus h2ld a demonstration in the
refugee camp of Yamuk yesterday with the participation of representatives from some
revolutionary and mass organizations.

Jordaniar. newspapers marked the occasion with special articles in which they pointed out
that March 30th is a day to be remembered in the history of the Palestinian people
fighting in the occupied lands, for it betokens the unflinching struggle against Zionist
occupation, The articles denounced the Israeli aggressor's expansionism,

SYRIAN CONFERENCE STATEMENT SUPPORTS PALESTINIAN CAUSE

OQW021900Y Peking NCNA in English 1750 GMT 2 Apr 78 OW

[Text] Damascus, 2 Apr (HSINHUA)--Over 50 organizations of Arab countries and organi-
zations of otrer countries attended a conference held here from March 30 to April 1 in
solidarity with Palestinian peasants and people. A statement issued by the conference
stressed "the necessity of Israeli withdrawal from all Arab territories under its occu-
pation". It "supports the just struggle of the Palestinian Arab people inside and out-
side occupied Palestine under the leadership otf the Palestine Liberation Organization
(PLO) --the sole legal representative of the Palestinian Arab people".

"The conference condemns the Zionist-imperialist scheme to seize Arab lands and evict

the Palestinian Arab people," the statement says. It declared, "The conference vehemently
condemns the savage and treacherous Zionist aggression on south Lebanon which aims at
eliminating the Palestinian Arab people, and demands the immediate withdrawal of Israel

from south Lebanon."

It also stated that the conference calls on all Arab states to put alli cheir forces in
the service of the battle for liberation and to support the Palestinian resistance and
the Palestinian people. The conference sent a cable to Chairman of the PLO Executive
Committee Yas fat to convey its support for the PLO.

THREE ARAB COUNTRIES CALL FOR ARAB UNITY
OW011732Y Peking NCNA in English 1541 GMT 1 Apr 78 OW

{Text] Peking, 1 Apr (HSINHUA)--Tunisia, the United Arab Emirates (UAE) and the Yemen
Aerab Republic have Geclared their intention to work for the restoration of Arab unity
following the 69th session of tne Arab League Council.

Tunisian Foreign Minister Mohamed Fitouri pointed out yesterday that the 69th session of
the Arab League Council, which he had attended, "was a success as it clearly expressed
the common desire for strengthening Arab solidarity at a time when the establishment

of a united front against the Israeli enemy is demanded,"

TI. 4 Apr 78 A 19 PRC
INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS

Radio Kuwait reported today that upon returning to Abu Dhabi after attending the Arab
League Council session, UAE Minister of State for Foreign Affairs Rashid 'Abdullah An
Nu 'aymi said in a statement: "The UAE will explore all its potentials to ensure the
success of President Numayri's effort to restore Arab unity."

He expressed the hope that contacts between Arab countries bring about positive and
remarkable results,

A statement by the spokesman for the Foreign Ministry of the Yomen Arab Republic says
that the Yemeni delegation to the Arab League Council session had closely cooperated
with other Arab delegations in order to bring back Arab solidarity. He declared that
his country would continue to make its afforts in this respect through various channels.
Yemen hoped, he said, that with the joint efforts of Yemen and other Arab countries,

an Arab summit would be held successfully so as to achieve the unification of Arab
ranks oud draw a unified national strategy.

PDRY PRIME MINISTER POSTPONES VISIT TO CHINA
OW311934Y Peking NCNA in English 1854 GMT 31 Mar 78 OW

[Text] Peking, 31 Mar (HSINHUA)--Owing to reasons of health on the part of His Excellency
Prirre Minister 'Ali Nasir Muhammad Hasani, the official visit of the government dele-
gation of the People's Democratic Republic of Yemen headed by him to the People's Republic
of China, originally scheduled to begin on April 1, has been postponed,

Envoy Sees Hospitalized Premier
OW010916Y Peking NCNA in English 0905 GMT 1 Apr 78 OW

[Text] Aden, 31 Mar (HSINHUA)--Premier of the People's Democratic Republic of Yemen 'Ali
Nasir Muhammad Hasayr.i this morning received Chinese Ambassador Huang Shih-hsieh at a
hospital here, wher: the premier is hospitalized for medical treatment. The ambassador
conveyed the Chinese Government's regards for the premier and wished him early recovery.
Upon learning of the Yemeni premier's hospitalization, the Chinese ambassador went to

the hospital to see him last evening.

PRESIDENT CARTER ENDS VISIT TO NIGERIA
OW031616¥ Peking NCNA in English 1600 GMT 3 Apr 78 OW

[Text] Lagos, 3 Apr (HSINHUA)~--U,S, President Jimmy Carter left here today for Monrovia
after a visit to Nigeria beginning March 31. He will make a brie? visit to Liberia before
his return home,

President Carter and Nigerian Head of State Olusegun Obasanjo signed a joint communique
yesterday evening. : 1

Referring to the Zimbabwe problem, the communique disapproved of the "internal settlement"
agreement concocted by the Smith regime. It says: "The two heads of state agreed that
the arrangements made under the Salisbury agreement of March 3 do not change the illegal
character of the present regime and are unacceptable as they do not guarantee a genuine
transfer of power to the majority nor take into consideration the views of all the
Zimbabwean nationalist groups."

I. 4 Apr 78 A 20 PRC
INTERNATIONAL AFFAL RY,

The communique says the two parties agreed tl.at it is essential that Namibia achieve its
independence on the basis of the United Nations Security Council resolution. The Nigerian
head of state particularly pointed to the lack of impact of the many concrete prcposals
put forward in the past to eradicate the system of apartheid. He noted that some nations
have pursued policies of outright collaboration with South Africa, in both military and
economic matters.

The U.S. President made a long speech on April 1 at the National Theatre here. Dealing
with disputes amon; African countries, he said: "The military intervention of outside
powers, or their proxies in such disputes, too often makes local conflict even more
complicated and dangerous."

U.S. Secretary of State Cyrus Vance who accompanied Carter during the visit held talks
here on April 1 with the foreign ministers of three southern African frontline states--
Tanzania, Zambia, and Botswana--on the situation in southern Africa. The Nigerian foreign
minister, the British high commissioner in Nigeria, and the U.S. ambassador to the United
Nations who had recently visited some southern African frontline states, attended the
talks.

MAURITIUS AMBASSADOR LEAVES FOR HOME AT END OF TOUR
OWO31604Y Peking NCNA in English 1514 GMT 3 Apr 78 OW

[Text] Peking, 3 Apr (HSINHUA)--Ameen Kasenally, Mauritius ambassador to the People's
Kepublic of China, left here for nome today at the end of his term of office.

é

BRIEFS

WUSHU GROUP TO AFRICA--Peking, 1 Apr--A Chinese wushu (Chinese traditional boxing and
swordsmanship) delegation led by Sung Pen-lo left here by air yesterday for Tanzania,
Botswana, Rwanda and Zaire on a friendly visit. [Text] [Peking NCNA in English .

0842 GMT 1 Apr 78 Ow]

STUDY GROUF IN ZANZIBAR--Zanzibar, 30 Mar--Ali Mwinyigogo, member of the Zanzibar Revolu-
tionary Council and minister of customs and culture, today received all the members of the
study group of China's Tungfang Song and Dance Ensemble and had a friendly conversation
with them. The study group arrived here on March 27 and lef. here for Tanzania mainland
this evening. [Excerpt] [Peking NCNA in English 0734 GMT 31 Mar 78 OW]

WESTERN HEMISPHERE
PANG I MEETS WITH MEXICAN SCIENTIFIC DELEGATION

OWO4u1 416Y Peking NCNA in English 1208 GMT 4 Apr 78 OW

[Text] Peking, 4 Apr (HSINHUA)--Fang I, vice-premier of the State Council and minister in
charge of the State Scientific and Technological Commission, met and had a cordial and
friendly talk her: this morning with the Mexican scientists! delegation led by Dr Edmundo
Flores, director general of the National Council of Science and Technology.

The Mexican delegation is made up of specialists in agriculture, petroleum, prospecting and
medicine. Fang I told them: "As colleagues, we are not strangers. The relations between
our two countries are fine. Mexican wheat has settled down in China. Friendly cooperation

between our two countries will continue to develop."

Delegation leader Edmundo Flores expiessed pleasure in meeting Vice-Premier Fang I. He said:
"Prom the very beginning, the Chinese revolution enjoyed deep sympathy of Mexico. We paid

particular attention to China's recent science conference. After the conference, China will
surely make great achievements in science anc technology and proceed to move to the advanced

ranks in the world."

I. 4 Apr 78 A 2) PRC
INTERNATIONA. AFFAIRS

—_——
————

Mexican Ambassador to China Omar Martinez Legorreta was present on the occasion.

oe eS lie

Present were Tung Ti-chou, vice-president of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chin Li-
sheng, deputy secretary-general of the academy, Hu Han, director of the Institute of
Genetics, as well as leading members of other departments concerned Shen Chih-wei,
Chang Chi and Feng Yin-fu.

PERU-ARGENTINA STATEMENT CONDEMNS 'COLONIALISM!

2. Aree Pe <2

QWO11326Y Peking NCNA in English 1248 GMT 1 Apr 78 OW

[Text] Lima, 31 Mar (HSINHUA)--Peruvian Foreign Minister Jose de la Puente Radbill and
his Argentine counterpart Antonio Montes signed a joint statement here yesterday
"reiterating their condemnation of the policies of colonialism, neo-colonialism and
other forms of domination." The Argencine minister of foreign affairs paid an official
visit to Peru from March 28 to 30. He was received by Peruvian President Morales
Bermudez.

The joint statement acclaims the achievements maue by the Latin American economic system
in the two years after its founding and expresses sipport for the various sub-regionai
organizations which contribute to vhe progress of Latin American economic integration.
It underlines "the necessity »f accelerating the development of action eommibtees

to promote the process of Latin American integration." it stresses that "the principle
of sovereign equality of all states should be fully applied in connection with the
transfer and sale of nuclear technology for peaceful purposes." Any attempt at dis-
crimination in the transfer and sale of nuclear technoiogy “would affect “he interests
of the developing countries and the entire international community." About the coop-
eration between Peru and Argentina in nuclear technology, the statement says that
"important progress has been achieved in the field of Peruvian-Argentine nuclear coop-
eration in the peaceful utilization of atomic energy."

The two foreign ministers reiterate "the soverrzignty and jurisdiction of the coastal
states cver the maritime zone adjacent to their coasts up to a distance of 200 miles
without imparing the freedom of international navigation.” On the exploitation of sea-
bed beyond the national jurisdiction, the statement says that a new law of the sea
should prescribe "the joint participation of all states in the utilization of this
zone for peaceful purposes, protect the developing, mineral-producing countries from
the danger of uncontrolled exploitation of the sea-bed resources and favor the healthy
growth cf the world economy."

The two foreign ministers “confirm their endusing support for the oppressed peoples of
southern Africa. They also agree on united efforts at international forums to promote
the complete elimination of apartheid and every form of racial discrimination." The
Peruvian foreign minister reiterates the full support of his government for the right
of the Argentine Republic to exercise its sovereignty over the Milvinas Islas in accord-
ance with the juridical principals. The two foreign ministers reaffirm their adherence
to the essential principles and fundamental aims of the non-aligned movement.

Referring to the economic relations between the two countries, the two foreign ministers
stress the importance of scientific and technical cooperation and the transfer of technology.
They also express their common desire to strengthen the cultural ties between both
countries.

I. 4 Apr 78 PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA El
NATIONAL AF PAIRS

POSTERS DENOUNCING 'POLITICAL CLOWNS ' APPEAR IN PEKIG
BKO40917Y Hong Kong AFP in English 0655 GMT 4 Apr 78 BK
{By Francis Deron]

[Text] Peking, 4 Apr (AFP)--Posters denouncing "political clowns" appeared in Peking
today, the eve of the second anniverrary of the April 5 riots.

The posters, not signed, hailed the 1976 incidents as a revolutionary movement and
compared them to the Paris Commune. They accused unnamed leaders, referred to as
"members of the wind school", of "still saying it was a counterrevolutionary incident".
The posters alluded here to the official version given at the time of the violent scenes
which took place that April 5 in the centre of Peking.

- ee

ee

Poetically worded, the posters called on the "glorious combatants of April 5" saying:

"Your fight is not over, this is but a beginning". The six pink and blue sheets,

1 written in ballpoint pen. were put up at the bottom of the monument to the heroes of
the people in the middle of Tienanmer Square, where tributes to China's revolutionary
ma‘*tyrs and heroes began yesterday. Tomorrow is Ching Ming, the Festival of the Dead
in) the old Chinese calendar.

About 199 people jostled to read the posters put up during the night. Nobody took
much notice of officials trying to close off part of the monument to film a documentary.

Observers noted that "members of the wind school" was used recently in the official
Chinese press to denounce "opportunist" leaders accused of not renvuncing attitudes
they ado, ted in the days of the "gang of four" led by Chairman Mao Tse-tung's widow
Chiang Ching. '

i Today's posters refuted the official version of the riots and the opinion of the
"wind school" by asking: "How can these be counterrevolutionary events: Did the
April 5 combatants oppose Premier Chou En-Lai? Did they »sppose Vice-Premier Teng
Hsiao-ping? No, they opposed the gang of four."

The posters made no reference to Peking Mayor Wu Te, who was specifically attacked in
January by big-character posters charging him and Peking Military Region Commander Chen
Hsi-Jien for their position at the time of the incidents.

Readers this morning, especially the Chinese, were intrigued by reference several times
in the posters to “events of April5, 1975" insteaa of 1976. "I do not know, it must be
a mistake, people replied if asked.

i allie.

Two years ago on /pril 5, violent riots broke out on this same spot after a week's
homage to the late Premier Chou En-lai. That evening Wu Te appealed for calm and Tien-
anmen Square was cleared by thousands of militiamen with truncheons. Teng Hsiao-ping

i was made officially responsible for this "counterrevolutionary incident" and relieved
of all his posts on April 7. He was recently cleared of this charge.

Despite the political changes in China since then, the official press has not published
a new version of the events. In January, a poster called for a new official story.
| The writer was especially angry that "the pretence continues that there were no dead when
i everyone knows this is not true". The report published on April 7, 1976 simply said:
"a few criminals received the punishment they deserved," indicating that the riots may
- have ended in death for some demonstrators.

I. 4 Apr 78 E2 PRC
NATIONAL AFFAIRS

PUBLIC HEALTH VICE MINISTER AU? °ESSES SCIENCE CONFERENC?
0W030636Y Peking NCNA Domestic Service in Chinese 0255 GMT 30 Mar 78 OW

[Excerpts] Peking, 30 Mar--In his 29 March speech at the National Science (..ference,
Chien Hsin-chung, vice minister of public health, said that great progress must be made
in moderni~ ’*ng China's medical, pharmaceutical and public health work in raising the
country's medical science to advanced world levels by the end of the century.

Chien Hsin-chung said: We have set forth a draft 8-year plan for developing science

and technology in the fields of medicine, pharmacology and public health. This plan

calls for the study of new ways to eliminate and largely control the 21 diseases listed

in the National Program for Agricultural Development (Draft); research on the pathology,
early diagnoses and control of such puzzling diseases as cancer and cardiovascular disease;
research on the principles of acupuncture anesthesia and planned parenthood; and appiica-
tion of new technologies such as isotopes, lasers and electronic computers to the medical
field. The plan discusses a number of disciplines, including basic, preventive, clinical
and traditional Chinese medicine, pharmacology anc biomedical engineering.

Our tasks are glorious and arduous. Using the principle of grasping tae key disciplines
and crucial technologies as our basis, we must pay attention to the following major
issues so we can quickly modernize our basic and clinical medicine:

It is necessary to clearly recognize the areas where certain diseases are commonplace,
recurrent or endemic and discover their patterns so we can obtain clues to their causes
and develop methods of control. In recent years the scope of epidemiological research
has not been limited to contagious diseases, but has rapidly been broadened to include
noncontegious diseases such as numerous “public hazard" diseases and cancer. With the
development of the chemcial and energy industries and the growth of modern agriculture,
our epidemiological research must advance rapidly toward modernization. We must also
establish modern, scientific statistical methods, master the highly-effective, quick-
result technologies, including microdetermination, and coordinate efforts in order to

rapidly advance our theoretical research on and practical application of preventive medicine.

We must pay attention to molecular biology as a basic science of key importance for
modernized medicine and pharmacology. Since molecular biology entered the field of
medicine, the study of basic medical theories has leaped forward from the cell to
molecular level. In the 1970's, a new discipline--genetic engineering--was born. As
soon as possible, we must train a work contingent and set up modernized laboratories
for conducting strenuous research on the structures and functions on nucleic acids
and proteins with a view to opening a new path for disease control.

With regard to theoretical research on traditional Chinese medicine, efforts must be
concentrated on studying the principles of acupuncture anesthesia. Clinical studies
and fundamentai research must also be conducted on the achievements already made in
combining Western medicine with traditional Chinese therapy.

In order to control diseases more effectively, it is essential to exert all-out efforts
in developing pharmacological science and technology. Remarkable achievements must be
made in selecting and planting medicinal herbs, synthesizing their usable contents

and devising new production methods. ,

I. 4 Apr 78 E 3 PRC
NATIONAL AFFAIRS

In the meantime, we must find and make highly effective, low-toxic pharmaceuticals and
antibiotios and produce biotic preparations, plasma preparations and their substitutes.
In this regard, we must catch up with and surpass advanced world levels in quality and
variety and achieve commensurate developments in theoretical study and technological
research.

Chien Héin-chung suid; ‘1. carry out the o-year plan for developing science and technology
in the fields of medicine, pharmacology and public health, it is imperative to implement
the various related policies and measures laid down by the party and the state. Under

the leadership of the respective party committees, public health departments at all levels
are requested to conscientiously grasp the following three tasks;

1. Departments must stress the development of competent workers and be adept at
identifying such workers, The training and developing of competent workers must be
heightened in order to concentrate efforts on solving difficult problems encountered
in scientific research.

2. Departments must vigorovsly grasp the modernization of equipment and techniques.
Work must be undertaken to manufacture sophisticated, high-precision and advanced
instruments. New equipment and techniques must be introduced. Construction of modern
hospitals and medical science laboratories must be heightened.

3. Departments musc improve management of medical, pharmaceutical and public health
work to insure thet the role of medical science research in disease control is stressed.
Thus, work priorities must be rearranged and work styles must be altered accordingly.

Chien Hsin-chung reviewed the great achievements in medicine, pharmacology and public
health since the founding of new China. He also exposed and criticized the crimes of the
"gang of four" in undermining medical science. He said that during the past 28 years
China's medical, pharmaceutical and public health work has continuously developed and

its quality has greatly improved.

He pointed out; Our country's medical science must be modernized. We have confidence
and favorable conditions for making rapid advances, overcoming difficulties and catching
up with and surpassing advanced world levels.

CHOU'S CONTRIBUTIONS TO REVOLUTIONARY UNITED FRONT RECOUNTED

OWO1LLO4LY Peking NCNA in English 0726 GMT 1 Apr 78 OW

[Text] Peking, 1 Apr (, SINHUA)--Premier Chou En-lai's contributions to the formation
and growth of the revolutionary united front in China were described in two articles
published in ‘he PEOPLE'S DAILY in commemoration of his 80th birthday. Cne of the
articles was written by the theoretical group of the United Front Work Department of the
Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the other by comrades who worked
with Prem‘er Chou before liberation.

Following is a summary of the facts given:

Comrade Chou En-lai's efforts to cement the revolutionary united front date back to 1933
when Japanese imperialism was intensifying its aggression against China.

I, 4 Apr 78 BY PRC
NATTONAL AFFAIRS

In January that year, the CPC Central Committee issued a declaration calling for an end
to the civil war and demanding that the Kuomintang stop attacking the revolutionary base
areas, arm the people, guarantee their rights and join the Comuunist Party in saving the
nation from subjugation by Japanese militarism,

As vice-chairman of the Military Commission of the CPC Central Comnittee, Chou En-lai
shouldered the task of creating conditions in the Kuomintan.-ruled areas for building the
national united front against Japanese aggression,

In the winter of 1936, Chiang Kai-shek rejected the call by the patriotic Generals Chang
Hsueh-liang and Yang Hu-cheng to end civil war and jointly resist Japanese aggression.

He went to Sian and urged them to extend the civil war. But, influenced by the Communist
Party's position for resistance to Japanese aggression, the two generals arrested Chiang
Kai-shek on December 12 in what was later known as the Sian incident.

As the plenipotentiary representative of the CPC Central Committee, Chou En-lai went to
Sian, where he held talks and consultations and exchanged views with personages involved
in the incident. While explaining that unity for resistame and national salvation was
the wish of the whole nation, Chou En-lai exposed the scheme of Japanese imperialism to
make use of the pro-Japanese group in the Kuomintang to grab China. He predicted that
Japan's attempt to occupy China by itself would sharpen the contradictions between Japan
and the U.S. and Britain, and this wes one of the international factors for compelling
Chiang Kai-shek to fight Japanese aggression. At the same time, Chou En-lai ordered the
Worker-Peasant Red Army to advame to areas north of the Wei River and deploy its forces
in southern Shensi so as to back up Generals Chang and Yang. The Communist Party's correct
position of defending tne interests of the country and the nation was accepted by people
of all strata. It precipitated the peaceful settlement of the Sian incident and forced
Chiang Kai-shek to accept tne terms of bringing the civil war to a halt and joining forces
to resist Japanese aggression. The swift settlement laid the foundation for advancing

the nationwide united front against Japanese aggression.

Chou En-lai resolutely defended the principle of independence and initiative of the
Communist Party and the People's Army in the united front while rallying all forces to
fight the Japanese aggressors and waging constant struggles against Wang Ming's right
opportunist line in the narty of “everything through the united front" and “everything
submitted to the united front."

He took every opportunity to spread among the people in China and abroad Chairman Mao's
strategic concept of perseverance in all-round resistance and of protracted warfare. Drawing
a clear line of demarcation between friend and foe, Chou En-lai, along with Yeh Chien-

ying, Tung Pi-wu and others, did enormous amounts of work to unite friendly armies and
representatives of local forces. He sent large numbers of progressive young people to the
anti-Japanese base areas, united many literary and srt workers who were then in Wuhan

and organized them to go to the battlefronts to undertake propaganda work against the

enemy. :

After the fall of Wuhan, the war of resistance entered the hardest stage. People in the
Kuomintang-ruled areas were troubled by such questions as what would happen in the inter-
national situation, would the resistance war be won and how to carry the war forward

and tide over the dangerous situation.

I. 4& Apr 78 E 5 PRC
NATIONAL AFFAIRS . «©

Chou En-lai made a celebrated speech on September 29, 1940, entitled "Te International
Situation and China's War of Resistance’. Directing his speech against the pessimism
and uncertainty of some people, he stressed that "the only way out for the Chinese
people is to carry the war of resistance through to the end by relying on their own
efforts" and pointed out that U.S. aid "cannot keep you well-fed, although you may not
starve to death".

Expounding Chairman Mao's strategic concept of protracted war, Chou En-lai saia that
final victory would be won so long as the entire nation united as one to carry on the
war. Basing himself on the contradictions among Britain, the U.S., Germany, Italy
and Japan, which were contending for world hegemony, he foresaw Japan's southward
advance and the inevitable Japan-U.S. conflict. His four-hour speech had a profound
influence on all present, including friends and newsmen from many countries.

Chairman Mac pointed out that the Communist Party should treat the local forces in the
Kuomintang areas as middle-of-the-roaders. Flexibly applying this concept, Chou
En-lai, along with Yeh Chien-ying, Tung Pi-wu, Wu Yu-chang and others, did outstanding
work in winning over local military forces in Szechwan, Sikang, Yunnan, Kweichow,
Kwangtung and Kwangsi. He penetratingly analyzed the political settling in the
Kuomintang areas in his contacts with people from all walks of life, worked to unite
with the majority and isolate the handful of reactionaries among democratic partivs,'
the national bourgeoisie and the local forces in east and southwest China, treating
them according to their diverse characteristics.

During the entire resistance period, Chou En-lai gave warm encouragement and support
to patriotic Overseas Chinese who aided the communist-led Eighth Route Army and New
Fourth Army with donations and material supplies and to young returned Overseas
Chinese who asked to take part in the resistance war.

On January 5, 1941, the Kuomintang diehards mounted a surprise attack on the headquarters
of the New Fourth Army in Chinghsien County, thus creating the southern Anhwei incident.
Most of the 9,000 commanders and fighters of the New Fourth Army headquarters died a
hero's death when their ammunition and rations ran out. Commander Yeh Ting, wounded

and exhausted, was arrested by the Kuomintang and thrown into jail. Chou En-lai was
furious when he received the news at the Communist Party's Chungking liaison office.

He took up the case with the Kuomintang and lodged one protest after another. Chiang
Kai-shek issued a reactionary order on January 17, cancelling the designation of the

New Fourth Army. With great indignation, Chou En-lai promptly rang up Ho Ying-ching,
chief of the Kuomintang General Staff, saying: "Your action grieves our compatriots

and gladdens the enemy. You have done what the Japanese aggressors wanted to do but
were unable to. You Ho Ying-chin will be branded as a traitor of the Chinese nation

down through the ages!"

The January 18 issue of the NEW CHINA DAILY, the Communist Party organ in Chungking,
carried Chou En-lai's inscription, "Mourn those who died for the nation south of the

Yangtze" and his famous poem:

"South of the Yangtze a man named Yeh suffered a wrong as great as history has ever
known.

"Why are they so harsh as to take up the hatchet against fellow countrymen?"

es ee ee

I, 4 Apr 78 EO PRC
NATIONAL AFFAIRS

This laid bare to the country and the world Chiang Kai-shek's opposition to the
Communist Party and the people, his sabotage of the resistance war and his disruption I
of unity.

‘

The Kuomintang instigated their agents to seize copies of the NEW CHINA DAILY. beat
up newsboys selling them and smash up the business office of the paper. Chou En-lai
took the Kuomi: ang negotiating delegate to the streets to make him see for himself
‘the outrages of the Kuomintang agents. After repeating negotiations, the newsboys
got back the newspapers and Chou En-lai joined them in distributing recovered copies
to people around.

Thanks to the struggle waged under the leadership of Chou En-lai by the Communist

Party and progressive personages in the Kuomintang areas, people throughout the country,
democratic parties, Overseas Chinese and the general public abroad came to see the
truth and condemned the Kuomintang for creating the southern Anhwei incident.

After Japanese imperialism launched the Pacific war in December 1941, Chou En-lai took
advantage of the favourable conditions arising from the mutual dependence and contradictions
between the U.S. and Britain on the one hand and Chiang Kai-shek on the other to carry
forward the Communist Party's united front work among democratic parties and personages

of the upper strata of the local forces. He guided the mass movement for democracy and
freedom in cultural, scientific, technical, industrial and commercial circles and among
college professors and students, and actively expanded the party's mass work among

youth, women and workers.

Chiang Kai-shek attempted to enforce one-party autocracy after the Japanese aggressors
surrendered in August 1945, but he hyprocritically asked Chairman Mao to go to Chungking
to "discuss state affairs". Aware of this plot for sham peace and true civil war,

Chairman Mao accepted the invitation.

While Chairman Mao was in Chungking, Chou Er. lai worked day and night to assist him
and ensure his safety. Adhering to Chairman Mao's policy decisions, Chou En-lai |
conducted negotiations with the Kuomintang and exchanged views with democratic parties.
He accompanied Chairman Mao in meeting with personages of the Kuomintang and other
parties and organizations, people from all walks of life, diplomatic envoys of Great
Britain, the U.S., France and the Soviet Union in China, leading members of foreign )
relief organizations, foreign journalists and Japanese antiwar personages then residing
in China and thus made known the party's attitude towards the negotiations with the :
Kuomintang.

After the Chungking negotiations, Chou En-lai courageously and wisely led people in

the Kuomintang areas in struggles to expand the people's democratic united front against
U.S. imperialism and the Chiang clique and to assist the self-defence struggles of
armymen and people in the liberated area.

After nationwide liberation in 1949, Chou En-lai devoted his energies to the convocation
of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, which was to proclaim the
founding of the People's Republic of China. He held consultations with all democratic
parties, people's organizations and patriotic democrats to ensure that everyone who ought
to attend the conference was invited. These consultations have since become a tradition
in deciding the list of deputies to the National People's Congress and CPPCC members.

I. 4 apr 78 E7 PRC
NATIONAL AFFAIRS

In the spring festival of 1962, Premier Chou attended a reception arranged by the

CPPCC National Committee for elderly pe@ple. Shen Chun-ju, then vice-chairman of the
NPC Standing Committee, was just celebrating his 90th birthday. Premier Chou said in
his toast; "Venerable elder Shen Chun-ju is the standard bearer of the left-wing
democrats. He has worked for democracy and is now working for socialism." His words were
a great inspiration to the senior pavriots who had cooperated with the Communist Party
over the years.

During the Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution, the counterrevolutionary conspirators
Lin Piao, the gang of four and their followei. opposed Chairman Mao's concept of the
united front, trampled on the party's united front policy and abolished the related
organizations. Members of the democratic parties and patriotic personages were sl«.dered
as "monsters and demons" and their overthrow was encouraged. Chiang Ching smeared

Dr Sun Yat-sen, the great revolutionary forerunner, as a "demon" and ordered the closing
down of Piyun Monastery where his token tomb containing his clothing is located and the
removal of the Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hall. Acting on Chairman Mao's instructions, Premier
Chou in 1972 instructed the CPPCC to resume activities in commemoration of Dr Sun, and
these activities took place in Peking, Shanghai, Wuhan and Canton, among other places.

Premier Chou valued the important role played by intellectuals in socialist construction.
He held discussions with representatives from educational, scientific, technical and
cultural circles, asking them to devote their efforts to the building of new China. At
the same time, he helped them remould their world outlook and encouraged them to become
both Red and expert and integrate with the worker-peasant masses,

Premier Chou upheld Chairman Mao's policy of uniting with and educating the majority
of the national bourgeoisie to take the socialist road of transformation and asked them
to contribute to socialist construction.

He encouraged the training of cadres from minority nationalities and the development of
local economies and cultures in areas of national autonomy and did a great deal in
uniting, educating and remoulding patriots from the upper strata of minority nationalities
and religious circles.

He showel great friendship for Chinese compatriots abroad, returned Overseas Chinese and
compatriots in Hong Kong and Macao, noting that the overwhelming majority of them are
patriots. He spent much time receiving Overseas Chinese who returned to visit the
motherland.

The late premier concerned himself with the liberation of Taiwan and the reunification

of the motherland. He took a personal hand in winning over a number of top-ranking
Kuomintang personages, including Li Tsung-jen (the former Kuomintang acting president),
Weng Wen-hao (former premier of the Kuomintang Executive Yuan) and Wei Li-huang (a

former high-ranking general), who returned in response to the call of the Communist Party.

Following Chairman Mao's instructions that negative factors should be thanged to positive
ones, Premier Chou worked painstakingly among those released under special amnesty,
including the emperor of Manchukuo, Aisin Ghiorroh Puyi. He received the first group

of releases in 1959 and talked to them for two hours, encouraging them to remould
themselves and take the socialist road.

t. 4& Aor 78 gE 8 PRC
NATIONAL AFFAIRS

PEOPLE'S DAILY URGES STRICTER ENFORCEMENT OF DISCIPLINE
HK310321Y Peking PEOPLE'S DAJLY in Chinese 24 Mar 78 p 3 HK
[ "Letters From neaders" section]

{Text] "This Pao. Is Well Guarded"

Comrade Editors |

The Kaiyuan papermill in Tiehling Prefecture unwarrantedly mustered manpower from the
rural areas. The Planning Commissicn, Labor Bureau and county bank of Kaiyuan County
froze the mill's cash account and ordered the mill to make self-improvement within a
stated time. They were praised by the masses for having guarded the pass well.

Tn the winter of 1975, the Kaiyuan papermill in Tiehling Prefecture appealed to a
commune brickfield in the suburvs for "support during the winter slack period" in

the name of meeting the urgent needs of a "special project." Without prior

approvel; it brought in nearly 100 rural laborers. After comirig to the mill, these
laborers were assigned to various production departments, not to the "special project."
This resulted in the phenomenon of "old hands rely on new hands and new hands rely on
farm hands." In this will, some people worked on their own private concerns. Labor
discipline was lar and political influences were unsound.

In the second year, i.e., 1976, these two units again joined together. Some people in
the mill took the opportunity to bring their friends and relatives in as temporary
workexvs. These temporary workers had been in the mill for two winters, 14 months in
all, but had not completed any "special project." Yet they wasted more than 100,000
yuan, The workers said: They are here to laze away the winter."

Some people had long voiced opposition to such deeds of violating the system and
wasting state funds and property. But the leaders of this mill turned a deaf ear to
them. They listened only to praise, not to criticism.

In August of the third year, i.e,, 1977, in which initial success was won by the party
Central Committee in grasping the key link and bringing about great order across the
land, the Tiehling Prefecture investigated how this enterprise had enforced discipline
in financial and economic matters and pointed out their mistake in unwarrantedly
mustering laborers from rural areas. The mill's leaders not only refused to rectify
their mistake but mustered another 150 laborers at the start of winter. The Kaiyuan
County Revolutionary Committee therefore concurred with the proposal of the county
Planning Commission, Labor Bureau and county bank to freeze the mill's cash account
and stop its cash withdrawals. Oniy then did the mill lay off these laborers. The
masses said: "The Kaiyuan County Revolutionary Committee and concerned departments
have guarded this pass well,"

[Signed] Chiu Shih [3061 1395]
Reply by The Kaiyuan County CCP Committee

Comrade editor:

I received the letter "This Pags Is Well Guarded" you referred to us. After detailed
study, the Standing Committee members of the county party committee believe that what
was reflected was basically true. This mill not only unwarrantedly mustered laborers
but also made mistakes in purchasing straw, [paragraph continues]

I. 4 Apr 78 E 9 PRC 4
NATIONAL AFFAIRS ™

We agrec to publish the letter so that others may swn up experiences, draw lessons
therefrom and carry forward our party's good tradition and work style.

(Signed) ‘the General Office of the Kadyuan County CCP Committee

PEOPLE'S DAILY editor's postscript: "Those Who Pay No Attention to Criticism Must Be
Disciplined"

$
The Kadyuan County hevolutionary Committee, county Planning Commission and other
units have done a good and correct job in taking the courageous measure to freeze thie
funds of the Kaiyuan papermill. °

If a comrade has made mistakes, we must first observe and then help him. We must
patiently educate, advise and criticize him and energetically help him rectify his
mistakes, Hovever, those who refuse to listen after repeated remonst ations, do not
admit their mistakes but go on doing things against the interests of the state and the
people should be dealt with according to party discipline and state law.

We have received letters from the masses telling us how leading cadres who hid committed
offenses against law and discipline threatened the masses who raised criticism, how

some of them even said: "That's my way. What can you do about it?” We hope that the
higher authorities of these units will earnestly uphold our party's principle and main-
tain the solemity of party discipline and state law. If someone in your unit made a
mistake but refuses to heed others! criticism, or has even made such wild remarks as
"what can you do about it," you should meet the lion in his den and deal with him in
accordance with party discipline and state law. If you dare not fight against the
perverse trend of breaking laws and violating discipline, your unit is merely a "flabby
body."

FIRST ISSUE OF CHING-<CHI YEN-CHIU CONDEMNS GANG'S ECONOMICS
HK310745Y Peking CHING -<CHI YEN-CHIU No 1 in Chinese 78 pp 2-6 HK

[Editorial: "Carry Through to the End the Struggle To Expose and Criticize the 'Gang of
Four! on the Economic Theory Front" ]

[Excerpts] In the deepening great political revolution to expose and criticize the
Wang ChangChiang-Yao "gaug of four," the party Central Committee's strategic policy
decision on grasping the key link in running the country well has achieved initial
results. In the excellent situation that has prevailed throughout the country, a
gratifying scene has also appeared on the economic theory front. CHING-CHI YEN-CHIU,
a journal long suppressed by the "Sang of four," has resumed publication.

Exposing and criticizing the "gang of four" for tampering with Marxism fram the
political economy aspect is a most u*gent and inescapable fighving task for economic

theory workers,

The Marxist political econcay is a powerful ideological weapon for the proletariat

and its political party, the Communist Party, to overcome capitalism and build socialism
and communism. It provides the theoretical basis for the proletarian political party

to formilate its program and line. In order to usurp party and state power and disrupt
our party's program and line, the "gang of four" ran wild in tampering with the Marxist
political economy. They dished up revisionist economic theories in order to provide a
theoretical basis for their counterrevolutionary political program and counterrevolution-

ary revisionist line.

I, 4 Apr 78 E 10 PRC
NATIONAL AFFAIRS

In line with the development of the Marxist political economy through criticism an¢
struggle, both Lenin and Chairman Mao had to struggle against opportunist notions of
every description in developing the Marxist political economy. It is our task to
completely repulse the "gang of four's" wild attacks against Marxism, Therefore, crit-
icizing the "gang of four's" alteretion of the Marxist political economy is a battle
to defend Marxism-Leninism-Mao Tsetung Thought and propel the Marxist political economy i
forward,

The "gang of four" tampered with Chairman Mao's theory of continuing the revolution under
the dictatorship of the proletariat, and this seriously manifested itself in the political '
economy.

First, they ran wild in distorting Chairman Mao's theory relating to basic contradictions
in socialist society. They did this to tamper with the theoretical basis of the political
economy.

In order to alter historical materialism by means oi historical idealism and to dress up
this alteration in Marxist garb, the "gang of four" kicked up a great fuss over the
question of "counteraction." They secretly changed what Chairman Mao termed "given
conditions" to "a lack of conditions" and thus arrived at the absurd conclusion that
"throughout the historical period of socialism, the relations of production and the
superstructure have always piayed a decisive role over the productive forces and the
economic base."

Proceeding from this theory of historical idealism and under cover of criticizing the
"Gheory of productive forces," they attacked the fundamental principle of historical
materialism and all types of production practices conducted according to the objective
laws of social development derived from historical materialism in the same way they
lashed at the "theory of productive forces." They disavowed the interaction between
revolution and productive forces, such as bringing about revolution as a result of the
development of productive forces. They also denied that revolution was aimed at liber-
ating productive forces. In their reasoning, developing productive forces was synony-
mous with restoring capitalism.

As examples of building socialism with greater, faster, better and more economical
resulis and as models of "grasoing revolution and boosting production," Tachai and
Taching have steadfastly persisted in continuing the revolution under the dictatorship
of the proletariat. Yet the "gang of four" maliciously attacked Tachai as "an outright
example of adhering to the theory of productive forces" and Taching as "a model of the
theory of productive forces." This shows that they repudiated historical materialism,
the theoretical basis of political economy, and Chairman Mao's great thesis on the basic
contradictions in socialist society, not the theory of "productive forces" debased by
opportunists, i.e., the popularly accepted "theory of productive forces."

Second, they did not have only qualms about distorcing Chairman Mao's important instruc-
tions on the question of theory, altering the object of ae economy and vilifying
the socialist relations of production.

Chairman Mao's important instructions on the question of theory, being an integral part
of the theory of continuing the revolution under the dictatorship of the proletariat
and a further elaboration, in explicit terms, of his theses regarding the basic contra-
dictions in socialist society, have greatly enriched the Marxist political economy.

In their wild attempt to alter Chairman Mao's important instructions, the "gang of four"
boiled them down to the question of "bourgeois rights." By flaunting the banner of
studying Chairman Mao's directives, they trumpeted the notion that "the theory of social-
ist political economy focuses on the theory of bourgeois rights." [paragraph continues ]

4
‘

oe

l. 4 apr 78 E 11 PRC
NATIONAL AFFAIRS

They did this to make an idealist interpretation of "bourgeois rights" not based on
objective realities of economic relations, In their dictionary, "bourgeois rights"
retained under the socialist system were thus synonymous with capitalism. Therefore,
by flaunting the banner of criticizing "bourgeois rights," they were able to twist as
they pleased the socialist relations of production to mean the capitalist relations of
product ion.

Regarding the ownership of the means of production, they openly countered Chairman Mao's
brilliant directive to the effect that "the system of ownership has changed," on the
pretext that "bourgeois rights in respect to ownership have not been completely abolished,"
They simply ignored the historical fact about the basic completion in our -cuntry of the
socialist transformation of the ownership of the means of production,

Regarding men's interrelations in the process of production, they used the argument

that "bourgeois rights still exist to a serious extent." They interpreted the relations
of mutual aid and cooperation fostered by the laboring people in the process of socialist
production on the basis of collectively owning the means of production and the relations
of division of work and cooperation between the leadership and the masses on the basis
of identity of fundamental interests as an antagonistic relationship between the vdour-
geoisie and the proletariat.

Regarding distribution, they deliberately confused the distribucion »>f consumer goods
for individuals with that of the complete range of social products. On the one hand,
they embellished the capitalist system of distribution and alleged that "to each accord-
ing to his work" was also practiced in capitalist society. On the other hand, they
vilified the socialist system of distribution and attributed the gap in 2*flvence brought
by distribution according to work to disparity between the exploiter and the exploited.

Regarding exchange, they harbored an ulterior motive and equated the socialist commodity
system with the capitalist commodity system, thereby using this medium to equate socialist
production with capitalist production.

Finally, by altering political economy and vilifying the socialist relations of production,
they aimed at altering the tasks of political economy in order to provide a thenretical
basis for their counterrevolut ionary political program.

This shows that the "gang of four," under cover of opposing the "theory of productive
forces" and repudiating "bourgeois rights," tampered with Chairman Mao's important
instructions on the thesis of the basic contradictions in socialist society and on the
question of theory. They spread rumors and told gross lies to conceive what they
called a theoretical system of political economy based on revisionism,

In order to eradicate the "gang of four's" "political economy" as a system, we must
uphold the party's good tradition and work style of seeking truth from facts. Their
"political economy" is wholly based on idealism and sham science. Therefore, our
struggle against the "gang of four" on the economic theory front is also a battle
between materialism and idealism, a battle in which science triumphs over lies. We
must truly and completely knock out the "gang of four's" sham science based on idealism
and in this battle inherit, defend and develop political economy based on Marxism-

Leninism-Mao Tsetung Thought.

In order to uproot the "gang of four's" "political economy" as a system, our contingent
of economic theory workers must carry forward the spirit of fighting in unity.

T. 4 Apr 78 E 12 PRC
NATIONA. arFALRS

A battle to penetratingly expose and criticize the "gang of four" theoretically is now
being fought successfully throughout the country. Let urs hold high Chairman Mao's great
banner, closely follow the strategic plan mapped out by the party Central Committee
headed by Chaiiman Hua and carry through to the end the struggle to expose and criticize
the "gang of four" on the economic theory fror.t!

LIBERATION ARMY DAILY SAYS ARMY MUST BE 'BIG SCHOOL'
OW021110Y Peking Domestic Service in Mandarin 2230 GMT 30 Mar 78 OW

[Report on LIBERATION ARMY DAY 31 March Commentator's article: "Run the Army as if
It Were a Big School")

{Text] The article says: our wise leader Chairman Hua issued a great call to the whole
party, the whole army and people of all nationalities throughout the country; "Raise
the scientific and cultural level of the entire Chinese nation." Chairman Hua said:
"Our slogan is: Study, study and study again; unite, unite and unite again; strive to
turn our entire nation into a big school."

This call is actually a tremendous task he set forth in order to build China into a
strong, modern socialist country by the end of the century. It is a strategic task and

a vast class struggle that will insure our triumph over capitalism at home and create
more favorable conditions for us to counter social imperialist and imperialist aggression
from abroad,

If education and training are not grasped, it will be impossible to raise the revolution-
ization and modernization of the army to a new level or achieve modernization of national
defense. Thus, the army will not be able to fulfill its important tasks of defending

and helping to build the motherland. If the entire country is to be a big school, wen,
without a doubt, the army must also be run as if it were a big school.

The article says: Our great leader and teacher Chairman Mao long ago advanced the idea
of running the army as if it were a big sehool. In his 7 May 1966 directive, Chairman
Mao clearly pointed out: The army should be a big school. He also said: The army

has been studying politics, military affairs and culture for decades. Further advances
should now be made in this respect. In the past, our army knew how to fight and build.
Now that our country has entered a new period of socidlist revolution and construction,
it is of even greater importance to run the army as if it were a big school.

The article points out: First of all, running the army as if it were a big school is
in line with army building. At present, we have rifles, aircraft and artillery pieces.
We have some nuclear weapons, and we are advancing in the direction of developing
conventional weapons and other types of weapons. To adapt to the new situation, our
cadres should raise the level of their knowledge and their command and administration
ability. Modern weapons and equipment are based on modern science. It is necessary
to acquire modern scientific knowledge in order to command, utilize and -nrerate such
weapons and equipment. In order to resist aggression by social imperialism and
imperialism, liberate Taiwan and defend the sacred territory of the motherland, we must
broaden our knowledge, deploy the newest types of weapons and equipment, and grasp the
newest tactics for such weapons and equipment.

-_— mo

I. 4 Apr 78 £13 PRC
| NATIONAL AFFAIRS

The article continues: In dealing with various problems, we should not only emphasize
the army. We should also direct our attention toward national construction. Each year
many of our cadres leave active service and move to new localities, and most soldiers
leave the service at the end of their term of duty. Therefore, it is necessary to

create conditions so the cadres and soldiers can play a vital role in the various locali-
ties. We must train departing cadres to do political, administrative and some vocational
and technical work. We must train departing fighters so they acquire technical skills.
In this way, they will be able to make greater contributions in national construction.

The article says; Enabling our cadres and fighters to acquire knowledge of modern warfare
and science and heightening the scientific and cultural level of the entire army are
important matters that deserve our special attention. If our army is armed with
Marxism-Leninism-Mao Tsetung Thought and equipped with knowledge of modern science and
culture, it will have many talented people and develop contingents of good military
commanders, political workers and logistic workers who are both Red and expert, and
develop persons skilled in various professions and trades. This will insure the moderni-
zation and revolutionization of our army. |

We must act quickly and not wait for others. Modernization and revolutionization of the
amy is not difficult if the leadership stresses it and works seriously.

The article calls on every cadre and fighter in the army to respond to Chairman Hua's
call, to work hard to increase scientific and cultural knowledge and to unfold a new
sustained study movement in order to grasp the key link and run the country and army
well and to be ready to fight in war.

NCNA REPORTS ON FIRST-QUARTER PRODUCTION OUTPUT

Textile Industry Tops Quotas
OW0200803Y Peking NCNA in English 0700 GMT 2 Apr 78 OW

[Text] Peking, 2 Apr (HSINHUA)--China's textile industry has topped its production
quotas for the first three months of this year. Industrial output value increased 40
percent over the same period last year. Output of chemical fibre, cotton yarn, cotton
cloth, gunny bags, woolen fabrics, woolen yarn and five other major products surpassed
the previous peaks for this period, with better quality and greater variety.

The rate of production of top-grade cotton yarn has been raised every month since
January, and in March set a record.

Output of chemical fibre was 2.7 times that of the corresponding period last year.

The Shanghai Chemical Fibre Industry Company, whose output makes up one-sixth cf the
national total, has topped its production quotas every month since the beginning of this

year. t

The Paoting rayon factory, China's biggest, suffered serious losses in the last few years
due to the disruption by the cang of four. After the fall of the gang, the workers tried
to bring things back to normal and, since early this year, renewed efforts have been made
to improve their skills. As a result, they had, by the end of last March, fulfilled

35 percent of the production quota for this year and the rate of production of quality
rayon products has been raised by a sizeable margin.

I. 4& Apr 78 E 14 PRC
NATIONAL AFFAIRS

Oil, Gas Output Increases
QWO20822yY Peking NCNA in English 0721 GMT 2 Apr 78 OW

[Text] Peking, 2 Apr (HSINHUA)--China's total crude oil output in the first quarter
of this year was ten percent over the same 1977 period and natural gas twelve percent,
thus overfulfilling the state plans for this period.

Since early this year, the daily output of crude il and natural gas has risen month
by month. Combining oil and natural gas explorat..o with prospecting work, workers in
the Taching, Shengli and north China oilfields and in the enterprises within the
‘SZechwan Provincial Petroleum Administration have acquitted themselves of the tasks
splendidly. Their output of crude oil and natural gas has risen continuously. A
number of high-yielding oil and gas wells have been added one after another in the
northeast, north, northwest, central-south and southwest. New techniques and working
processes have been adopted on a wider scale and the efficiency of drills has improved
remarkably.

Electricity Output Up
OW030856y Peking NCNA in English 0700 GMT 3 Apr 78 OW

[Text] Peking, 3 Apr (HSINHUA)--China fulfilled the electricity output plan for the

first quarter of this year two days ahead of time. The electricity output of the thermal
power plants was 8.5 percent higher than the October-December figure for last year and

hit an all-time high. Pairly big increases were registered for the output generated by ll
of the country's 12 major power grids, compared with the same period in 1977. ‘The central-
north Hunan, Szechwan, Taiyuan and Hupeh power grids supplied more than a 30-percent
increase in the first three months than the same 1977 period.

Since the beginning of this year, efforts have been made to ensure safety at all of the
power plants and this helped to fulfill the plan ahead of schedule. Successes were
achieved in cutting coal consumption. Workers in the industry pledge to redouble their
efforts to supply more electricity to serve the needs of the fast developing national
economy.

Railway Workers Set Record
QW030902Y Peking NCNA in English 0746 GMT 3 Apr 78 OW

[Text] Peking, 3 Apr (HSINHUA)--Chinese railway workers have set an all-time record in
the first quarter of this year. 20 railway administrative bureaus sharply raised freight
transport targets, compared to the first quarter of last year. Among these are the
Kunming, Chengtu, Canton, Peking, Shanghai, Chengchow and seven other administrative
bureaus, which have already fulfilled at least 25 percent of this year's transport
quotas.

During the first quarter, 15 million more passengers were carricd than in the first
quarter last year. At the same time freight, loading and unloading targets topped last
year's fourth quarter levels,

Light Industries Improve
OWO31546Y Peking NCNA in English 1500 GMT 3 Apr 78 OW
(Text ] Peking, 3 Apr (HSINHUA)--Output of major light industrial products such as paper,

cardboard, cigarettes, detergents, light bulbs, sewing machines and scales all surpassed
state plan targets for the first quarter.

I. & Apr 78 E 15 PRC
NATIONAL AFFAIRS

The increases were sizable, compared to the first quarter of 1977. There was also a
Steady improvement in quality. Increases were from 30 to 80 percent for pulp, paper,
cardboard, bicycles, sewing machines, watches, machinery used in light industry, light
bulbs and detergents. There were also considerable increases in some products made
under local plans.

Important factors in the rapid growth of light industries are the technical innovations
and scientific research going on in plants all over the country. Shanghai reports
successful development of a light, portable, multipurpose sewing machine, panoramic
cameras and 33-jewel wrist watches.

SOCIAL SCIENCES ACADEMY HOLDS FORUM ON NATIONALITIES AFFAIRS
HK310801Y eking KWANGMING DAILY in Chinese 26 Mar 78 p 2 HK

(NCNA report: "Chinese Academy of Social Sciences Holds Forum for Planning Scientific
Research in Nationalities"]

{Text} In order to implement Chairman Hua's instruction, "we must organize forces to
map out a national development plan for philosophy and social sciences," the Chinese
Academy of Social Sciences held a forum in Peking from 20 to 23 March for planning
scientific research in nationalities. The meeting was attended by relevant ministries
and commissions of the CCP Central Committee and the State Council, institutions .of
higher learning, research departments, over 30 departments of Peking Municipality and
more than 200 scientific research workers, leading cadres and people engaged in nation-

alities affairs.

Comrade Huang Lo-feng [7806 3157 1496] of the Nationalities Research Institute under
the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences presided over the meeting. Comrade Fu Mao-chi
[0265 2021 0529], Weng Tu-chien [5040 3737 0256], Chiu Fu [4428 3184] and Sun Ching
{1327 7230] of the Nationalities Research Institute gave their initial ideas on the
8-year academic plan for nationalities language, history, science and theory. Noted
Professors Pai Shou-i [4101 11308 1744], Fei Hsiao-tung [6316 1321 6639] and Lin Yao-
hua [2651 5069 5473] also expressed their views on research work in allied fields.

Teng Li-chun [6772 0500 5028], vice president of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences,
also made a speech.

At the forum, everyone expressed their views fully and freely in lively discussions on
the achievements made by China in nationalities science research, the 8-year plan and the.
key themes, as well as the concrete measures of the initial ideas, and compared notes

on the present basic conditions in nationalities research in our country. With reference
to actual conditions in nationalities research, many of the old professors, research
workers and people engaged in nationalities affairs angrily exposed and critized the
"gang of four" for the crime of interfering with and sabotaging nationalities research,
sowing dissension among the nationalities and undermining unity auore nationalities. Many
of the people engaged in nationalities research pointed out that the “gang of four" used
every means to oppose the minority nationalities using and developing their own spoken
and written languages. Nationalities science was strangled and nationalities relics
degraded. The abolition of courses on nationalities in some of the universities and
nationalities research organs in some of the localities forced the research workers to
change their profession, and this caused great harm to nationalities research. All
unanimously agreed that China is a united multinationality country and the success of
nationalities research is of extreme importance in further strengthening unity among
nationalities, upholding the unity of the motherland and developing the politics,
economy, culture and science of various nationalities. [paragraph continues ]

I. 4 Apr 78 E 16 PRC
NATIONAL APFAIRS

They unanimously agreed that they must emancipate their minds, rise in greater vigor,
Quickly push forward nationalities research, and make contributions toward greatly
raising the standards of the scientific and cultural level of the whole Chinese ation.

Among the scholars and people engaged in nationalities affairs at the forum were: Teng
Kuang-ming [6772 1684 6900], Wang Chung-han [3769 6945 5060], Yu Tao-chuan [0060 6670
5123], Wu Feng-pet [0702 6265 1014], Tsai Mei-piao [5591 5019 1753], Han Ching-ching

(7281 6875 3237, Hsu Ta-ling [6079 1129 0109], Chen Yung-ling [7115 2057 0109], Li Tso-
min [2621 0146 3045], Wang Tzu-yeh [3076 1311 6851], Huang Shu-ping [7806 3219 1219], Chia
Lan-po [6328 6595 0980] and Te Mu-chu [1770 2606 2575].

FOOCHOW CUTTING TOOLS EXHIBIT FEATURES NI CHIH-FU INNOVATION
0W021035Y Peking NCNA in English 0707 GMT 2 Apr 76 OW

[Excerpts] Foochow, 2 Apr (HSINHUA)--A 10-day demonstration of tools by technicians
and skilled workers from Peking, Shanghai and other parts of China, sponsored by the
Fukien provincial machine building departments, was held recently in Foochow. The
purpose of the demonstration was tohelp the local plants improve skills in operating
machine cutting tools and speed up the modernization of machine bul.idi..g industry.

National model worker Ma Heng-chang, newly elected member of the Standing Committee of
the Fifth National People's Congress, went with the Heilungkiang team to the Foochow
general machinery plant to demonstrate advanced cutting techniques. "I am over 70 now,
but I still want to contribute my share to the modernization of our country. I want

to see it happen," said the veteran worker.

The team members worked for several days at the general machinery plant and made 54
cutters of 21 kinds. They lectured on basic mechanical tehory, manufacture, adaptibility
and characteristics of cutting tools, and gave on-the-spot demonstrations.

The demonstration of a high-speed, high-efficiency drill by 22-year-old Yen Hsiao-ming
from Peking drew large crowds of spectators. Her superb skill was audibly praised by
the watching workers.

The drill known as the "mass-wisdom drill" is four to six times as eff*cient as ordinary
drills. It is durable and works with high precision. It was a major technical innova-
tion introduced in the 1950s by Ni Chih-fu and his workmates at the Yungting machinery
plant in Peking. Ni Chih-fu is now a member of the Political Bureau of the Central
Committee of the Chinese Communist Party.

The 99 national model workers and technicians on the team demonstrated 180 technical
items in all. Included wereminiature drills and high-speed lathes. The Szechwan team
demonstrated an advanced hard alloy deep~hole drill with spraying coolant for drawing
out chips.

}
"This demonstration will spur the a innovations campaign in our province," said
Chin Chao-tien, secretary of the Fukien4provincial party committee. "We have about
30 ,000 machine tools in Fukien. If advanced tools and operational methods are popularized,
we could double our machine tool capacity by increasing efficiency."

I, 4 Apr 78 E 17 PRO
NATIONAL AFFAIRS

The Chinese machine building departments have paid great attention to cutting tool
innovations since liberation. High-speed cutting methods were popularized during

the first 5-year plan period ending 1957. During the Big Leap Forward in 1958, teams
were organized to demonstrate highly efficient cutting tools. They toured industrial
centres throughout the country. In 1974, a conference to. exchange experiences of
cutting techniques was convoked in Liuchou, Kwangsi, and last year another meeting was
held in Harbin, Heilungkiang. Having concluded their demonstration in Foochow, the
veterans are touring Amoy and Sanming, rising industrial cities of Fukien, to teach
their skills to others.

SCIENTISTS PRODUCE ATLAS ON MAGNITUDES OF DROUGHT, FLOOD
OWO31311Y Peking NCNA in English 1226 GMT 3 Apr 78 OW

(Text] Nanking, 3 Apr (HSINHUA)--Work on the compilation of data on the extent of
flood and drought in different parts of China over the past 500 years has been completed
in Nanking. An atlas containing the data and some 500 charts has been produced.

An initial forecast has been made of the trends in dpought and flood for the coming
ten years in east, central-south, northwest and southwest China, taking account of
drought-flood sequence. This atlas is the first of its kind in the world, both in
terms of its scope and the period covered. The research on long-range forecasts of
drought and flood will provide significant help in making preparations against these
natural disasters.

Chine has a wealth of historical records and scientific analyses of weather and climate,
including records of drought and flood that go back to ancient times. The compilation
was started in 1975 by a number of experienced weathermen from one autonomous region and
nine provinces and cities in north and northeast China who worked under the guidance

of the research institute of the Central Meteorological Bureau and the Geophysics
Department of Peking University. They read a host of ancient books on the subject and
drew charts of the drought-flood distribution in north and northeast China. Then the
work stopped due to disruption by the counterrevolutionary revisionist line of the gang

of four.

After the downfall of the gang, the work was resumed by the Central Meteorological Bureau
in cooperation with the Department of Meteorology in Nanking University. Some 30
meteorological workers from 18 provinces, cities and autonomous regions in central-south,
northwest and southwest China looked up many local histories and related data from the
year 1470 onwards. in four months they filled nearly 90,000 cards with records of
droughts, floods, wind, hailstorms, cold spells and other natural disasters and weather
conditions, calculated the rate of precipitation in summer in 70 places, compiled data
running to 1.5 million Chinese characters and drew 508 charts on the extent and distribu-
tion of drought and flood in different parts of China.

INSTRUMENT FOR DIAGNOSIS OF HEART DISEASES DEVELOPED

OWO40833Y Peking NCNA in English 0714 GMT 4 Apr 78 ow

([Text] Peking, 4 Apr (HSINHUA)--The Swatow ultrasonic electronic instrument factory
in Kwangtung Province has made a contribution to medical modernization with production
of the CTS-16 model ultrasonic instrument for recording heart movements, sounds and

beats.

I. 4 Apr 78 E 18 PRC
NATIONAL AFFAIRS

Simultaneous display on two oscilloscopes make possible both direct observation and
photographic recording for later consideration. The sensitivity, good resolution of
images and accuracy of the machine help in the diagnosis of many heart diseases,
including mitral stenosis, mitral incampetence, aortic stenosis, aortic incompetence,
pericardial effusion, myocardiopathy and congenital heart diseases,

LITERARY JOURNAL EXAMINES RESEARCH ON FOREIGN LITERATURE
HKO31040Y Peking WEN-HSUEH PING-LUN No 1 in Chinese 25 Feb 78 pp 48-52 HK

[Article by Yeh Shui-fu [0673 3055 1133]: "Criticize the Theory of 'Dictatorship by
the Sinister Line in Literature and Art,' and Strive To Make a Success of the Work on
Foreign Literature" ]

[Excerpts] In February 1966, renegade Chiang Ching and careerist Lin Piao collaborated
with each other to jointly dish out the shocking theory of "dictatorship by the sinister
line in literature and art." This theory, like a heavy spiritual shackle and politieai
chain, bound our hands and feet for more than the past decade. The truth has now hit
home,

The introduction and study of foreign literature is a component part of literary and
art work. ‘The struggle on the literary and art front cannot but be reflected in the
work on foreign literature, and some problems even originate from foreign literature.
In this sphere, then, does "dictatorship by the sinister line" apply? The answer is
a flat "no."

Chairman Mao always attached tremendous importance to foreign literature. In the
article "On New Democracy" in 1940, he affirmed the need to absorb in large measure
the progressive culture of foreign countries, including their ancient culture, as raw
material for our culture. Naturally, he did not mean to do this by uncritically taking
it over whole and raw, but by "ELIMINATING ITS DROSS AND ASSIMILATING ITS ESSENCE,"

In 1942, in "Talks at the Yenan Forum on Literature and Art," Chairman Mao presented a
more detailed analysis of the necessity to critically inherit and learn from all

fine legacies of literature and art. He put forward the policy of "LETTING A HUNDRED
FLOWERS BLOSSOM AND WEEDING THROUGH THE OLD TO LET THE NEW EMERGE” in 1951 and the
policy of "MAKING THE PAST SERVE THE PRESENT AND MAKING THINGS FOREIGN SERVE CHINA" in
1954. This even more highly generalized the relationship between past and present and
between Chinese and foreign in the field of literature and art.

In the 17 years after the founding of the People's Republic, significant progress was
made in the work on foreign literature under the party's leadership. With respect to
translation and introduction, we quickly overcame the practice of rushing to publish
translations of foreign works that were poor in quality and often duplicated, a practice
left over from the old society and one that prevailed in the early days of liberation.
The view of "Europe as the center" was reversed. Translations began to be carried out
in an organized way, and selection of subjects from foreign literary works became more
systematic and more comprehensive. They were drawn into a unified plan in the order of
priority, while the quality of translation was also vastly improved.

Over those 17 years, our readers not only read a large number of translated works of
literature focusing on the international proletarian revolution and famous works on
Russia, France, England and Germany but also had access to progressive works on the
struggle of the people of various Third World countries against imperialism, colonialism
and hegemonism.

I. 4% Apr 78 E 19 PRC
NATIONAL AFPFATRS

Compared with the translation and introduction work, the research work on foreign
literature developed somewhat more slowly, but its achievements should not be denied.

In the initial period of the PRC, our foreign literature workers worked hard to study
Marxism-Leninism-Mao Tsetung Thought in preparation for equipping themselves ideologically
and theoretically. Later, the state established specialized foreign literature research
organs, and institutions of higher education also stepped up research work on foreign
literature in their liberal arts departments,

During 1955-56, after the slogans "march on science" and "a hundred flowers blossom, a
hundred schools of thought contend" were raised, literary review publications and general
literary and art magazines, as well as academic journals by institutions of higher education,
began to publish more research results on foreign literature, Chinese works on the history
of foreign literature also appeared, Although these results were still immature and even
erroneous in some respects, most of the authors strove hard to explore and analyze problems
by applying the Marxist stand, viewpoint and approach,

Following the deepening of China's socialist revolution and construction, the development

of class struggle and the ideological struggle at home and abroad, and the active participa-
tion in struggle by our former literature workers, the results of research into foreign
literature were manifested even more acutely in abandoning the style of "study for its own
sake," ceasing to delve into impractjcal issues and scholastic verifications and the clarifi-
cation of the need to take reality into account, face the masses and serve proletarian
politics,

After usurping part of the party and state power and under the pretext of "smashing the
sinister line," the "gang of four" frantically opposed Chairman Mao's line on literature

and art. In the work on foreign literature, they first rejected all legacies of foreign
classical literature and negated all revolutionary literary works of the proletariat,
especially those Soviet revolutionary works represented by Gorkiy during the lenin and Stalin

periods,

Out of the need to usurp party and state power, the "gang of four" felt that it was not
enough only to negate all foreign classical works and revolutionary literature and to
establish their own images as "standardbearers" of proletarian literature and art. So
they used foreign literature to directly serve their counterrevolutionary schemes

and vigorously went in for "making things foreign serve the gang." An outstanding example
of this was their so-called "criticism of Soviet revisionist literature and art."

For a long time, the "gang of four" wildly pushed cultural despotism, All foreign literature
was denounced as "feudal, bourgeois and revisionist" to be "wiped out" along with other
things. In this connection, classical literature was accused of "preparing public opinion
for the development of capitalism and for the establishment and consolidation of a bourgeois
dictatorship in an attempt to save capitalism from its doom," ‘The revolutionary literature
of the international proletariat was also excluded from the history of proletarian literature,
leaving only a "blank spot." The literature of the Third World was regarded with disdain,
The Soviet revisionist literature, however, became the ammnition with which the gang attacked
our socialist revolution, socialist construction and the leading comrades of the Central
Committee, On the other hand, the decadent and reactionary European and American bourgeois
literature and art became "precious products” and spiritual food to be appreciated and engoy-
ed by them while in their deep chambers, Under these circumstances, the indignation of our
foreign literature workers was understandable.

I, 4 apr 78 E 20 PRC :
NATIONAL APFAIRS

Now that the theory of "dictatorship by the sinister line in literature and art" has
been refuted, we, together with the masses of literary and art workers, feel inspired
and happy. In accordance with the policy decisions of the party Central Committee and

Chairman Hua and taking Marxism-Leninism-Mao Tsetung Thought as the weapon, we must penetratingly

criticize the various fallacies spread by the gang in the field of foreign literature
and set to right things they turned upside down,

In accordance with the principle of critical inheritance, we must deeply study and analyze
foreign classical literature. In the light of Chairman Mao's theory of the three worlds,
we must also criticize Soviet revisionist literature and criticize European and American
bourgeois literature that is reactionary and decadent, At the same time, we must step

up the research and introduction of socialist literature from other countries and pro-
gressive literature from Asia, Africa and Latin America.

These tasks are stupendous, but they are also very glorious. Fulfillment of these tasks
will not only enable our foreign literature workers to closely coordinate with or directly
participate in the international and domestic class struggle but also enable them to

make significant contributions to the flourishing and development of Chinese literature
and art,

PEOPLE'S DAILY CALLS FOR 'TAKING GRAIN AS KEY LIN'
HK311533Y Peking PEOPLE'S DAILY in Chinese 26 Mar 78 p 4 HK

(Untitled Editor's Note to newsletter by PEOPLE'S DAILY correspondent entitled: "Imple-
mentation of Policies Leads to the Thriving of All Trades--Shangchih County Develops
Diversified Economy Leading to the Strengthening of the Collective Economy and Higher
Income for Commune Members"]

{Text] In his government work report delivered at the Fifth NPC, Chairman Hua made the
call "mobilize the whole nation and go in for agriculture in a big way." He pointed

out the necessity of making rational arrangements and strengthening leadership on the
basis of the policy of "taking grain as the key link and insuring an all-round develop-
ment" so that agriculture can develop at a high speed. The condition in Shangchih County
shows that implementing the policy of "taking grain as the key link and insuring an all-

round development" is an acute struggle. For several years, because of the "gang of four's"

interference and sabotage, diversified economy in many places could not develop, seriously
hindering development of the collective economy and improvement of people's livelihood.

At present, we must conscientiously solve this problem in the deepening struggle to expose
and criticize the "gang of four,"

BRIEFS

BOOK ON SOIL SCIENCE=--Peking, 31 Mar--"The Soils of China," the first comprehensive scien-
tific analysis of China's cropland, the forest and grassland soils was published by the
Peking science press recently. The inscription for the book was written by Kuo Mo-jo,
president of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, in his own calligraphy. The 1.1 million-
word book provides a scientific basis for the study of China's soils, tapping soil ree
sources and improving soil fertility. Scientists will be able to use the book to study
properties of soil in relation to civil engineering, public health, national defence and
other spheres, [Excerpt] [Peking NCNA in English 0728 GMT 31 Mar 78 WW]

«7

I. 4 Apr 78 PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA H
' CENTRAL-SOUTH REGION

THIRD HONAN MILITIA CONGRESS CONCLUDES ACTIVITIES
Chang Chung- ju Report
SKO020700Y Chengchow Honan Provincial Service in Mandarin 1100 GMT 30 Mar 78 SK

(Excerpts of report by Chang Chung-ju, political commissar of Honan Military District,
at the Third Honan Provincial Militia Congress: "Hold High Chairman Mao's Great
Banner and advance the Militia Building of Our Province to a New Standard--read by

announcer; date not given]

{Excerpts] Comrades: The Fifth National People's Congress set forth the general task
for the new period of development of our country and issued a militant call for building
China into a great, powerful, modern socialist state by the end of this century. The
new Long March toward the four modernizations led by wise leader Chairman Ha has begun,
It is of great significance that we are holding a provincial militia congress in such

a situation. We must closely follow wise leader Chairman Hua and, together with the
people throughout the province, make utmost efforts to achieve the grand goal of the
four modernizations and build a powerful, modern socialist country.

The Second Honan Provincial Militiu Congress was held in 1965, Over the past decade

and more our country has gone through the unprecedented Great Proletarian Cultural
Revolution and won great victories in three line struggles, particularly in the party's
llth line struggle. The masses of militiamen throughout the province, holding high
Chairman Mao's great red banner--his theory on people's war--and overcoming interference
by the gang of four, adhered to the correct orientation of militia building. While the
gang went to great lengths to spread the so-called fresh experience and vigorously set

up militia commands and detachments, many units conducted resolute struggles against
their activities to usurp militia leadership, attack militia departments, and undermine
the militia's tradition and work style. The gang of four was a sinister cabal of old

and new counterrevolutionaries. To attain their criminal aim to usurp the party and

the state's supreme leadership and restore capitalism in China, they pushed a revisionist
line of transforming and rebuilding the militia over a long period. They opposed leader-
ship by local party committees and by military departments in an attempt to usurp

militia leadership. They disrupted the system of combining the field armies, locai

armed forces and militia and advocated establishing a second armed force in a vain attempt
to turn the militia into a tool to restore capitalism. They opposed militia building

by relying on the working class and poor and lower-middle peasants and energetically
engaged in rebuilding the militia by relying on rebels in an attempt to change [words

indistinct] of the militia.

Representing the fundamental interests of the whole party, army and people of the entire
country, the party Central Committee headed by wise leader Chairman Hua smashed the

gang at one stroke--thus blazing a course for us to build the militia along Chairman Mao's
revolutionary line. Over the past year and more, following the instructions of Chairman
Hua and the ; rty Central Committee and bearing closely in mind the situation in Honan
Province, we have conducted three campaigns to expose anc criticize the gang on a large
Scale and vigorously whipped up upsurges in exposure, criticism and investigation. We
have criticized the ultrarightist essence of their counterrevolutionary political program
and revisionist line, investigated persons and deeds implicated in their conspiracy to
usurp party and state power, settled accounts with their crimes in energetically
establishing a counterrevolutionary second armed force, destroyed their bourgeois factional
network, regained that portion of leadership in the militia they had upsurped, consol-
idated militia leading bodies, and further purified militia organizations. Under the
unified leadership of local party committees and, abiding by Chairman Mao's instructions
on pu*ting militia work on a solid basis organizationallg, politically and militarily,

the masses of militiamen have strengthened militia building in an all-round manner.

I. 4 Apr 78 H 2 PRC .
CENTRAL-SOUTH REGION

During the struggle against the gang, we have conducted consolidation work in 95 percent
of the militia battalions and companies of our province, with emphasis on militia leading

bodies.

In particular, fraternal PLA units stationed in Honan, following Chairman Mao's teaching
on disseminating to, organizing and arming the masses, have, over the past years,
carried forward our army's glorious traditions, taken militia work as tneir glorious
responsibility, transferred a large number of their personnel to actively extend
militia work, and made important constributions to the militia work of our province,
Summarizing our work, we have scored important achievements. But it should also be
noted that there are still many problems which we should pay great attention to and
conscientiously solve.

1. Further increase understanding of the militia's strategic role. It was Chairman
Mao's constant strategic theory to do a good job in militia building and wage a
people's war. During the protracted revolutionary struggle and in socialist revolution
and construction, Chairman Mao gave a series of brilliant instructions on militia

work. Furthermore, he established the armed forces system of combining the field armies,
local armed forces and militia, which is the best form for embodying people's war. In
the past, we relied on people's war to defeat powerful enemies at home and abroad. In
the future, we should still rely on people's war in wars against aggression. Whether

to attach importance to or neglect militia building is a fundamental distinction between
proletarian and bourgeois military thinking. Wise leader and supreme commander Chairman
Hua has constantly attached importance to militia building. [In nis political report

to the llth National CCP Congress, he stressed: "Militia work is most important. In
accordance with the system under which our armed forces are integrated to comprise the
field armies, the regional forces and the militia, we must strengthen the building up

of the militia and insure that work is carried through organizationally, politically

and militarily in order to contribute to the consolidation of the dictatorship of the
proletariat." We must conscientiously study and resolutely implement tne important
instructions of Chairman Mao and Chairman Hua on militia building, raise our understanding
of the militia's strategic role and pass on Chairman Mao's theory on people's war to
future generations.

2. Carry the great struggle to expose and criticize the gang of four through to the end,
In his gov>rnment work report to the Fifth National People's Congress, Chairman Hua
pointed our: "The primary task for the people of our country at present and for some
time to come is still to expose and criticize the gang of four and carry this great
struggle through to the end." To strengthen militia building, it is first of all im-
perative to effectively grasp this primary task,

The foundation of our province's militia work was scund. However, our province was also
a heavily afflicted area suffering severe interference and sabotage by the gang.
Following the party Central Committee's plans, we must continue to deepen the struggle
against the gang and win a complete victory organizationally, ideologically and
politically. We must further urge militiamen to earnestly study works by Marx, Lenin
and Chairman Mao, study Chairman Hua's important instructions, the llth party congress!
documents and the government work revort at the Fifth National People's Congress,
master the ideological weapon to make a success of the third campaign, and penetratingly
criticize the gang's counterrevolutionary political program and the ultrarightist
essence of their revisionist line from the point of view of philosophy, political
economy and scientific socialism.

I, 4 Apr 78 H 3 PRC
CENTRAL@GOU'TH REG LON

In line with the actual militia building situation, it is imperative to thoroughly cri-
ticize the gang, the person in command and the active agent in our province who pushed
their ultrarightist counterrevolutionary revisionist:line, and the gang's henchmen for
their crimes in opposing the party, confusing the army and undermining militia building,

so that the things they confused will be clarified, the right and wrong they turned up~
side down will be corrected, the glorious traditions in performing militia work will be
restored and carried forward, and Chairman Mao's revolutionary ‘ine will be comprehensively
and accurately implemented.

3. Widely carry out the movement to establish advanced units in which militia work is
carried through organizationally, politically and militarily. Chairman Mao's directive
that militia work should be put on a solid basis organizationally, politically and mili-
tarily is a scientific distillation of the experience our country has gaived in militia
work, It clearly charted the true roei for building militia in the socialist historical
period. Carrying out the movement to establish advanced units is an important measure
in strengthening militia building in an all-round way, [t is an effective step in carry-
ing out the revolutionary emulation drive to enulate, learn from, catch up with and help
each other among militiamen, in bringing into play the enthusiasm of the broad masses

of militiamen and in continuously pushing militia work forward.

In 1964, according to the minutes of the militia political work conference held by the
General Political Department with the approval of the party Central Committee, our pro-
vince carried out this movement, which was discontinued due to the inter?ference and
sabotage of Lin Piao and the gang of four. Now the smashing of the gang of four has
created favorable conditions for vigorously and quickly developing militia work, We
must conduct this movement in a vigorous and down-to-earth way. In evarrying out this
movenent it is necessary to strengthen leadership, work out overall plans, relentlessly
gresp implementation, and examine, compare and appraise results of the movement in the
second half of this year, Militia departments and party committees at all levels should,
in line with the demands of the congress and in connection with the situation in each
specific area and unit, fully mobilize the masses and formulate concrete plans and
practical measures.

In conducting the movement to establish advanced units in which the militia work is carried
through organizationally, politically and militarily, the stress should be laid on basic
units and on substantial results. In comparing and appraising advanced units, we should
persist in maintaining high standards and strict demands and not resort to deceit or
excessive bestowing of awards. We should ceaselessly check the results of this movement
and sum up experiences so as to make it sound and protracted. It is necessary to closely
combine the movement to establish advanced units with the mass movement to learn from
Tachai in asriculture and Taching in industry. As long as we are good at training militia
While working hard for socialism and persist in combining productive labor and military
training, militia cuilding will correctly advance.

4, Do a good job in putting militia work on a solid basis organizationally, politically
and militarily and concentratedly strengthen the contingent of armed militiamen at the
basic level. Vice Chairman Yeh pointed out: "It is necessary to put militia work on

a solid basis organizationally, politically and militarily and to concentratedly zrasp
the armed militia at the basic level,"

We should follow Vice Chariman Yeh's directive to see to it that the militia work is
carried through organizationally, politically and militarily and do a good job in building
the contingent of armed militiamen at the basic level.

CENTRAL-SOUTH REGION

First of all we should grasp the building of militia organizations. We should, in
accordance with the five requirements for successors to the revolutionary cause 9f the
proletariat set forth by Chairman Mao, assign proper and sufficient militia cadres at
all levels and insure that [words indistinct] and that organization has been put on a
sound footing. It is necessary to carry out militia activities based on the central
task and to continuously consolidate militia organizations. Those units in which
conditions are ripe should establish and improve leading organs of militia divisions
in a planned way. Those units, plants and mines in which the militia work has long
lagged behind should quicken their tempo in strengthening militia organization. While
strengthening militia organization, it is imperative to, in accordance with [words
indistinct ] concentratedly strengthen the building of the armed cadres regiment at the
basic level and the antiaircraft and various other specialized technical subdivisions,
and, with an increase in arms, gradually expand them in a planned way--insuring that
organizations are rationally set up and cadres are sufficient.

While deepening the struggle to expose and criticize the gang of four, conscientious
efforts should be made to investigate militia cadres and armed militiamen at the

basic level so as to purify the militia contingent. Ideological education is a crucial
point in uniting the whole party to wage a great political struggle. It is necessary,
in light of political movements in various periods, to strengthen the militia's
political and ideological work and organize militiamen to study the works of Marx,
Lenin and Chairman Mao and study Chairman Mao's theory of people's war so as to do a
good job in conducting education regarding the party's basic line, the militia's
tasks, the revolutionary tradition, the current situation and war preparedness. It

is necessary to do a good job in the political and ideological work of [words
indistinct] and continuously raise the class consciousness of the broad masses of
militiamen and their awareness with regard to following the party's line.

It .s necessary to conduct the movement to learn from Lei Feng, the model armed militia
cadre (Pa Hsiang), and the heroic militia leader (Wang Hsing-an), and build the

milicia with the experience of the Hard-Bone 6th Company. It is imperative to strengthen
the building of the full-time armed cadres contingent. As the full-time armed cadres
are backbone forces at the basic level in doing a good job in militia work as well as
importait forces in leading militiamen in battle during wartime, party committees at
all levels should, in accordance with the directives of the next higher party
committe:s, designate sufficient full-time armed cadres and do a good job in educating
and trail.ing them. It is necessary to show concern for their political life, support
their work and subsidize their livelihood so as to fully utilize their enthusiasm.

It is necessary to insure the militia's military training from the strategic level

and, in accordance with the demands of the state and the Military Commission of the
party Central Committee, guarantee completion of every year's military training with
high standards.

5. Conscientiously strengthen leadership over militia work. Strengthening party
leadership is the key to doing a good job in militia work. Local party committees

at all levels should follow Chairman Mao's teaching of the whole party grasping
military work and making everyone a soldier, bring into play the glorious tradition

of the party commands the armed forces, resolutely implement Chairman Mao's theory,
line’, principle and policy regarding militia building, and conscientiously carry out
the important directives of Chairman Hua, the party Central Committee and its Military
Commission, so as to strengthen leadership over militia work in 4 down-to-earth

way (words indistinct].

The major task of provincial military districts and subdistricts and militia
departments is to do a good job in militia work.

Tt. 4 Apr 78 H 5 PRC
CENTRAL-SOUTH REGION

Militia work is a major criterion in judging the work done by our provincial military
districts and subdistricts and militia departments of counties and municipalities. In
order to do a good job in militia work and to seize the initiative in this work it is
imperative to constantly send cadres to grassroots units to investigate research and
grasp work regarding the key points so as to guide the movement in all areas with the
experience gained in the work on key points. Comrades of provincial military districts,
subdistricts and militia departments shoul” go to grassroots units no less than 3 to 5
months a year. Great attention should be paid to the professional knowledge of cadres
and establishing the system of personal responsibility, making sure that every cadre

is able to handle both mass and military work [words indistinct].

Closing Ceremony 30 March
SKO10645Y Chengchow Honan Provincial Service in Mandarin 1100 GMT 31 Mar 78 SK

[Excerpts] The Third Honan Provincial Militia Congress which lasted for 8 days
successfully closed on the afternoon of 30 March in Cnengchow Municipality.

Attending the closing ceremony were Liu Chien-hsun, first secretary of the Honan Provincial
CCP Committee, chairman of the Honan Prcevincial Revolutionary Committee and first political
commissar of the Honan Military district; Hu Li-chiao, second secretary of the Honan
provincial party committee and vice chairman of the Honan Provincial Revolutionary
Committee; Hu Shang-li, secretary of the Honan Provincial party committee, vice chairman

of the Honan Provincial Revolutionary Committee and political commissar of the Honan
Military District; Wang Hui and Cheng Yung-ho, secretaries of the Honan provincial party
committee and vice chairmen of the Honan Provincial Revolutionary Committee; Liu Hung-

wen, deputy secretary of the Honan provincial party committee and vice chairman of the
Honan Provincial Revolutionary Committee; Wen Hsiang-lan and Wang Ping-chang, Standing
Committee members of the Honan provincial party committee; (Chou Chih-kang), responsible
comrade of Wuhan PLA units; Chang Chung- ju, Shang Kan, (Chung Chuan-cnun), (Yang Shu-yuan),
(Kao Chi-kuan), Yang Tsung-i, (Lu Chieh), (Li Chien), Liu Yen, Peng Hui, (Kuo Wan-chien),
(Sun Kuan-tseng), Tu Ho-ti, Chen Tuan, (Ma Hung-shih), (Wei Tsai), (Yang Kuan-wen), (Pai
Wan-1i), (Sun Yung) and Tsai Ming, responsible comrades of the Honan Military Dictrict;

and (Chang Hung-yu), (Chi Kan-ming), (Li Tzu-ching), (Liu Ta) and (Chou Fen), ~esponsible
comrades of PLA units stationed in Honan Province. Also attending the ceremony were
responsible comrades of departments and committees concerned of provincial-.evel organs,
responsible comrades of leading organs of the Honan Military District and, by special
invitation, veteran Red Army soldiers, old self-defense group members and veteran
militiamen.

At 1500 the ceremony opened with the solemn rendering of the national anthem. Comrade
Chang Chung- ju, political commissar of the Honan Military District, presided over the

ceremony.

Comrade Shang Kan, deputy commander of the Honan Military District, read the decision
of the Honan provincial and the Honan Military District Party Committees on commending
advanced units and individuals in militia work. Comrades Liu Chien-Hsun, Hu Li-chiao
and Hu Shang-li separately awarded prizes to 62 advanced units and 21 advanced individuals.

I. 4 Apr 78 H 6 PRC
CENTRAL-SOUTH REGION

Amid warm applause Comrade Liu Chien-hsun delivered a speech. He sald; [begin reocord-
ing] Comrades; Since the opening of the Third Honan Provincial Militia Congress,

under the guidancezand inspiration of the guidelines of the Fifti NPC, participants

have conscientiously studied, discussed and exchanged experiences, further raised their
understanding and clearly defined their orientation. This congress is a gathering of
heroes on holding high Chairman Mao's great banner and implementing the guidelines of

the Fifth NPC [words indistinct]. This is an oath-taking rally on implementing Chairman «
Mao's theory of people's war so as to accelerate militia building and do a good job in
preparation for war against aggressors. The victorious convocation of the Third Honan
Provincial Militia Congress will soon bring the militia building of Honan Province to a
new level, serve to better implement directives of Chairman Mao and Chairman Hua on
militia work, and further bring into play the role of the broad masses of militiamen as

a backbone force in the three great revolutionary movements so as to win greater victories
in grasping the key link of class struggle and bringing about great order across the

land, and in striving to build China into a great, powerful, modern socialist country.

At present, an upsurge of studying, publicizing and implementing the guidelines of the
Fifth NPC has taken place in Honan Province. The guidelines of the Pifth NPC are [words
indistinct] and powerful motive forces in carrying out socialist revolution and construc-
tion. In realizing the four modernizations the crucial point is the modernization of
Science and technology. Thus, the National Science Conference which was held following
the Fifth NPC is of great significance. In his government work report, Chairman Hua
Clearly pointed out that the general task in the new period is to firmly carry out the
line of the llth National CCP Congress, persevere in contiming the revolution under the
dictatorship of the proletariat, deepen the three great revolutionary movements of

Class struggle, the struggle for production and scientific experimentation, and

make China a great and powerful socialist country with modern agriculture, industry,
national defence and science anc technology by the end of the century.

A people's war participated in by people throughout the country is now starting. We
Should resolutely respond to the call of the Fifth NPC and the National Science Confer-
ence, closely follow the party Central Committee headed by wise leader Chairman Hua,
mobilize the people throughout the province to get united, and strive to build China into
a great, powerful, modern socialist country and to raise the scientific and cultural

level of the entire Chinese nation.

Participants in this congress should [words indistinct] devote all strength to realizing
the four modernizations.

Organizing contingents of the militia on a large scale and strengthening militia build-
ing is an important strategic measure in following Chairman Mao's constant strategic
theory, in doing ry good job in preparation for war against aggressors, in safeguarding
the dictatorship of the proletariat and in building socialigm. Chairman Mao always
paid great attention to militia building and regarded the militia as a major force

in [words indistinct]. Chairman Mao taught us to organize militia contingents on a
large scale and make everybody a soldier. Carrying out Chairman Mao's behest, wise
leader Chairman Hua urges us to persist in the system ofcombining field armies, local
armed forces and the militia, to continuously do a good job in militia building, to

see to it that the work is carried through organizationally, politically and militarily
and to bring into full play the role of che militia as [words indistinct] in socialist
revolution and construction and in safeguarding our fatherland.

I. 4 apr 78 H 7 PRC
CENTRAL -SOUTH REGION

We should conscientiously study and resolutely carry out the series of important direct-
ives of Chairman Mao and Chairman Hua on militia work, clearly understand the important
Significance of militia building, make up our mind to do a good job in militia work and
insure that militia work advances in accordance with the orientation set forth by Chairman
Mao and Chairman Hua. [end recording]

Comrade Liu Chien-hsun pointed out: Guided by Chairman Mao's revolutionary line, led

by the Wuhan Military Region party committee, vigorously supported by PLA units stationed
in Honan Province and throuzh the concerted efforts of the broad masses of militiamen,
the militia work of Honan Province has scored great achievements. As has been fully
proved in practice and struggle, the Honan militia, with a glorious revolutionary tradi-
tion, is able to stand tests. And Chairman Mao's revolutionary line occupies the leading
position in our province's militia work. But we must acknowledge that the noxious effects
caused by the interference and sabotage of Lin Piao, particularly the gang of four, are
serious, We should never underestimate the pernicious influence of the gang of four,

We must follow the directive of Chairman Hua and the party Central Committee to doa

good job of the struggle to expose and criticize the gang of four,

In carrying out the struggle to expose and criticize the gang of four, it is necessary
to conscientiously strengthen the militia organizationally, particularly basic units of
the militia, and to solve the problem of impurities in organization, ideology and work
style. It is imperative to deeply carry out the movement to learn from Taching, Tachai,
Lei Feng and the Hard-Bone 6th Company and (Wang Hsi-han), do a good job in putting
militia work on a solid basis organizationally, politically and militarily, and bring
into full play the role of the broad masses of militiamen as a backbone force in the

three great revolutionary movements,

Comrade Liu Chien-hsun said: Party committees at all levels should practically strengthen
leadersnip over militia work. They should properly handle the relationship between economic
construction and militia building, bring militia work to a new level and build Honan
Province into a solid strategic rear base which has both a solid material foundation and
powerful reserve forces,

In conclusion, Comrade Liu Chien-hsun s7id: [begin recording] Comrades: Let us more
closely rally round the party Central Committee headed by Chairman Hua, hold high
Chairman Mao's great banner, resolutely carry out the llth national party congress! line,
work hard to fulfill the various tasks set forth by the Fifth NPC and strive to build
China into a great and powerful socialist, modern country. [end recording ]

Comrade Hu Shang-li, political commissar of the Honan Military District, delivered the
closing speech.

Congress Proposal
SK031120Y Chengchow Honan Provincial Service in Mandarin 1100 GMI 31 Mar 78 SK

{Proposal adopted 30 March by all delegates of the Third Honan Militia Congress to,
militia comrades throughout Honan ]

[Excerpts] Militia comrades: The beauty of spring shines upon both banks of the

Yellow River; a dynamic and vigorous situation is developing over the vast central

plain. Under the excellent situation in which the hundreds of millions of Chinese people
and armymen hold high the great banner of Chairman Mao, and closely follow wise leader
Chairman Hua to march toward the grand goal of realizing the four modernizations, the Third
Honan Militia Congress has been victoriously held,

I. 4& Apr 78 H 8 PRC
CENTRAL-SOUTH REGION

The convocation of the congress will surely play a role in advancing militia building
in Honan. To this end, we advance the following proposal to all militia comrades in Honan:

1. Contime our triumphant advance, and carry the struggle against the gang of four through
to the end. It is also necessary to better understand the six adherences and six opposi-
tions concerning militia building work, to further clarify the right and wrong of line,

to thoroughly wipe out the gang's pernicious influence, to restore and carry forward the
fine tradition regarding militia building, and to enable militia building in Honan to al-
ways successfully progress along Chairman Mao's proletarian line.

2. Step up militia building work and raise it to a new level. At present, an all-round
leap-forward situation on the various domestic fronts is taking shape. The scramble for
hegemony between the United States and the Soviet Union is becoming more intense. A big
War is brewing. The new situation imposes higher demands on militia building work. There-
fore, under the leadership of the party committees and military organs in the various
localities, we should race against time to advance the work of militia building as soon as
possible, to do a good job in consolidating the militia organizations, to expand the militia
ranks, to strengthen political and ideological work, and to adhere to the principle of
regularly carrying out education and combining labor with mil: tary training. Great efforts
should be made in military training, in weapons management, a's? in fulfilling the tasks of
preparedness against war, thus enabling the Honan militia to be a contingent which is Red
in ideology, precise in techniques, fine in work style and strict in discipline, and achieve
a situation in which--as soon as Chairman Hua issues an order--we are able to respond to the
call immediately, able to fight in a war and able to win a war.

3. Carry out the campaign to emulate the advanced, learn from and overtake them, and help
the less advanced. Great efforts should be made to promote and build more advanced units
which place militia work on a solid basis organizationally, politically and militarily.

In 1978, 15 percent of the Honan militia battalions and companies should be wuilt into this
kind of advanced unit; and by the end of 1980 the figure should reach one-third.

4, Go all out and work hard to render contributions to realization of the four moderniza-
tions.

Comrades: Let us more closely rally round the party Central Committee headed by Chairman
Hua to hold high the great banner of Chairman Mao, and »ravely stride forward in the new
Long March,

HUNAN COAL MINE IMPLEMENTS BONUS SYSTEM
HKO10758Y Changsha Hunan Provincial Service in Mandarin 1100 GMT 31 Mar 78 HK

[Excerpt:] Implementation of the party's policy of "two each according to his work" is
one of the important economic policies for mobilizing the activism of the masses of
staff and workers to develop socialism in a big way and for developing the national
economy at high speed. The party committee of Chenchi coal mine carries out the policy
of time rate plus bonuses and thus promotes production, which is yet another effective
demonstration of putting politics in command.

Before 1973, Chenchi coal mine was one of the progressive enterprises in the coal system
in Hunan. Later, however, with the serious interference and sabotage of the gang of four,
the party's economic policies were not implemented for a long time, the socialist activism
of the masses was suppressed and production decreased and retrogressed.

ee

I. 4& Apr 78 H 9 PRC
CENTRAL-SOUTH REGION

In 1975, on the basis of management enterprise rectification this mine implemented
taking spiritual encouragement as the main feature with appropriate material rewards

of secondary importance. This was welcomed by the masses of staff and workers. How-
ever, because of their courterrevolutionary needs, the gang of four discredited this

as "material incentive" and "a revival of revisionism." The socialist activism of

the masses of staff and workers which had just been stimulated was once again suppressed.

After the smashing of the gang of four and with the deepening of the struggle to expose
and criticize them, the mine's party committee guided the staff and workers to serious-
ly study Chairman Mao's relevent teachings and, in connection with the mine's situ-
ation, to fiercely criticize the gang's crimes in sabotaging the party's economic
policies. They have further obtained a clear picture of the right and wrong in the

lim. ?

»

Since October last year and on the basis of unified *hinking, the principal responsible
comrades of the party committee of the mine have personally gone to (Shamuchi) work
district to settle at various locations. They have carried out the policy' of time rate

plus bomuses.

Through ceaselessly summing up experiences, they finally implemented the tasks and
bomises down to various work shifts and groups in a unified manner. The work shifts and
groups then appraised the political manifestation, the manner of labor, the technical
level, and the amount of contributions of each person. People are ranked : into grades
A, B and C each month and bomuses are given to those whose performance is above average.
They will give no bonus to those persons whose monthly attendame fails to meet the
quota or who fail to meet the above four conditions. In this way, they have put pro-
letarian politics in a prominent position and have also manifested the principle of "to
each according to his work."

At present, there has appeared an excellent situation of the staff and workers spontane-
ously plunging into political movements, obeying revolutionary discipline and actively
studying production techniques in the mine. They have persistently gone all out to
work hard within the 8 hours and have strived to make more contributions beyond the 8

hours .

Coal and coke production quotas and the tunneling plan in the first quarter this year
have been fulfilled 24, 23 and 11 days ahead of schedule respectively, surpassing the
best records previously set for the corresponding period.

While carrying out the policy of tim rate plus bonuses, the Chenchi coal mine has also
paid attention to the management of production.

HUPEH TACHING CONFERENCE CONCLUDES WEEKLONG SESSION
28-29 March Session
HK310902Y Wuhan Hupeh Provincial Service in Mandarin 1100 GMT 30 Mar 78 HK
[Summary] The Hupeh conference on learning from Taching in industry held a full ses-
sion on 28 and 29 March to exchange experiences. Responsible comrades of the provin-

cial CCP and revolutionary committees, the provincial organs and the various dele-~
gations attended the conference. A Kwangtung industrial front delegation also attended.

$

- It also commended the progressives and discussed future tasks. The conference was
the masses and will advance the mass movement to learn from Taching in industry.

"Comrade Yang Te-chih stressed the importance of implementing the general principle on de-

I. 4 Apr 78 H 10 PRC ”
CENTRAL-SOUTH REGION

During the session representatives of the Chiang-Han Project Administrative Bureau,

Tsaoyang County Transport Company, Wuhan Iron and Steel Company, Wuhan Municipal CCP |
Committee, No 3541 factory, the provincial Coal Industry Bureau and other units made
Speeches introducing their experiences in fighting the third campaign to expose and |
criticize the gang of four, setting high standards in learning from Taching, rectify-

ing and building leadership groups, strengthening enterprise management, learning

science and technology, making technical innovations and revolution, vigorously support -
ing agriculture and so on. Members of the Kwangtung delegation also spoke.

The meeting pledged to learn from the progressive experiences of Kwangtung's industrial
front and to make contributions to developing the national economy at high speed and to
achieving the four modernizations.

Closing Ceremony 31 March
HKO31020Y Wuhan Hupeh Provincial Service in Mandarin 1100 GMT 1 Apr 78 HK

{[Summary] The 1978 Hupeh provincial conference on learning from Taching in industry
concluded oh 31 March after being in session for 7 days. Comrade Han Ning-fu delivered
an important speech at the closing ceremony. Yang Te-chih, commander of the Wuhan PLA
units; Li Cheng-fang, first political commissar of the Wuhan PLA units; Chen Pi-hsien,
second secretary of the Hupeh Provincial CCP Committee and first vice chairman of the
previncial Revolutionary Committee; Han Ning-fu, Ku Ta-chun, (Jen Chung-lin), Chang Hsiu-
lung, Li Fu-chuan, Hsueh Tan, Chia Te-hsiu, Chang Chin-hsien, Ma Hsueh-li, Liu
Hui-nung, (Chen Ming) and Hao Kuo-tco, responsible comrades of the provincial party

and revolutionary committees; Yen Cheng, Chou Shih-chung, Kung Ching-te, Hsiao Yung-
yin, Cheng Chih-shih, Hsieh Tang-chung, (Li Hsueh-sheng), Pan Chen-wu and Chang Jih-
ching, responsible comrades of the Wuhan PLA units, attended the closing ceremony.

Alsc present were responsible comrades of leading organs of the Wuhan PLA units,

Wuhan PLA Air Force units, the Hupeh Provincial Military District and military colleges
and schools stationed in Wuhan and representatives of the office for learning from
Taching in industry of the State Planning Commission.

Comrade Chen Pi-hsien presided over the closing ceremony. Comrade Yang Te-chih

spoke. He said: "In the past year, under the correct leadership of the Hupeh provin-
cial party :committee, party committees at all levels and the masses of staff and
Workers on the industry, comminicaticas and capital construction fronts throughout

the province have been in high fighting spirits. The struggle to expose and criticize
the gang of four has contimously deepened. The mass movement to learn from Taching
in industry has vigorously developed. A new ieap forward has emerged in industrial
production. We have victoriously achieved initial success in 1 year in grasping the
key link of class struggle and in bringing about great order across the land. This
year we have again made a good start. A number of Taching-type enterprises and heroic
models have emerged in the struggle. We are very happy about the achievements scored
by the workers and masses throughout Hupeh. The masses of commanders and fighters of
our PLA units have been greatly encouraged by the revolutionary spirit of the workers
and masses throughout the province.

"The conference seriovsly studied and implemented the spirit of the Fifth NPC and summed
up and exchanged experiences in the mass movement to learn from Taching in industry.

successfully held. It will definitely play a great role in mobilizing and encouraging

veloping the national economy of taking agriculture as the foundation and industry as the
leading factor. He also noted that developing socialist industry at high speed is very

important.

I. 4& Apr 78 H 11 PRC
CENTRAL-SOUTH REGION

"He said; Agriculture must be mechanized, modernized and developed at high speed. It
mist be armed by industry, It must rely on industry to provide it with machinery,
facilities, chemical fertilizers and farm drugs. The modernigation of the national
defense mist rely on industry to provide modern weapons and installations. Tie modern-
igation of science and technology is also related to industry. Improvement of the
people's material and cultural lives must also rely on the development of industry.

Our comrades who are struggling on the industry front shoulder glorious and great

tasks, It is imperative to seriously implement the spirit of the conference, the speech
and report delivered by Comrades Chen Pi-hsien and Han Ning-fu at the conference and the
various combat tasks put forward by the conference. It is necessary to whip up a new
upsurge in the mass movement to learn from Vaching in industry and to build Taching-type
enterprises throughout the country, It is essential to fulfill and overfulfill this
year's state plans and to make new and greater contributions to developing Hupeh's
socialist industry at high speed."

The conference cited a number of Taching-type enterprises and progressive enterprises,
collectives, producers and workers in learning from Taching in industry.

Han Ning-fu Report
HKO31130Y Wuhan Hupeh Provincial Service in Mandarin 1100 GMT 2 Apr 78 HK

{Excerpts from report delivered 30 March by Han Ning-fu, secretary of Hupeh Provincial
CCP Committee and vice chairman of the provincial Revolutionary Committee--read by

announcer }

(Excerpts ] Our working class is the main force on the new Long March and shoulders heavy
responsibilities. In recent years Hupeh sufferred serious interference and sabotage from
the gang of four and their black ace generals. The harm done on the industry and com
munications front was particularly great, seriously hindering the unfolding of the move-
ment to learn from Taching in industry. Since the gang of four were smashed, the people
of the province have resolutely implemented the strategic policy decision of Chairman

Hua and the party Central Committee on grasping the key link of class struggle and bring-
ing about great order across the land and unfolded the struggle to expose and criticize
the gang of four, winning major victories.

The province now has 112 Taching-type enterprises. The workers have rolled up their
Sleeves to work hard at building socialism, with the result that industrial production
in the province has reversed the protracted state of stagnation and decline, and a
si-uation of new leap forward has appeared. Total value of industrial output in 1977
was 21.5 percent over 1976 and 6.9 percent over 1975, the previous record year. Since
the Lith party congress, the Wuhan Iron and Steel Company, which was particularly ser-
iously interfered with and sabotaged by the gang and their black ace generals, has
achieved a leap forward in both revolution and production. Exposure, criticism and
investigation work have developed in depth. Marked achievements have been scored in
correcting the enterprise. Since last September, iron and steel production has risen
continuously. Last year, after reversing the situation of stoppage and semistoppage of
production, the Wuhan heavy machine tool plant victoriously fulfilled state plans.
Output of super-heavy machine tools set a new record.

In the fourth quarter of last year, despite low water and coal shortage, the electric
power industry did everything possible to increase power output. Coal departments
overfulfilled state plans by 500,000 tons, making contributions to the great and rapid
improvement in industry in the province,

I. 4 Apr 78 H 12 PRC
CENTRAL-SOUTH REGION

On the basis of victoriously fulfilling the demand to achieve initial success in 1 year
in grasping the key link of class struggle and bringing about great order across the
land, the province's industrial production again set new records in January and
February this year. Total output value was more than 80 percent over the corresponding
period last year. Further increases have been recorded in March. In short, the current
situation is excellent, and we should make still greater efforts to take great strides .
and bravely advance along the road of the new Long March.

In order to develop the national econany at high speed, we must persistently take class
struggle as the key link and implement the general principle of taking agriculture as

the foundation and industry as the leading factor. We must realize that the most out-
standing feature of the backwardness of China's national economy is agricultural
backwardness. Our province is one of the key areas for national construction, and its
proportion of industry is relatively great. If we fail to pay more attention to grasping
agriculture, insuring that the province's agriculture can develop much faster than before,
it is bound to hinder industry and the whole national economy and we will be in an
extremely passive position. Every comrade must profoundly understand this issue.

The fundamental way to transform the backward state of agriculture is through mechani-
zation. We must rely on industry to arm and transform agriculture with modern technology
and equipment. This is the most important embodiment of industry's role as the leading
factor. It is the glorious and arduous task of the workers on the industrial front

and their overriding responsibility.

The recent 13th enlarged meeting of the third provincial CCP Committee issued a
decision on mobilizing the whole province to develop agriculture in a big way and reap
a great bumper harvest in 1978. We must resolutely respond to Chairman Hua's call,
seriously implement the decision of the provincial CCP Committee and make a thorough
success of all work in supporting agriculture. The enlarged meeting clearly pointed
out that this year the province must fight two battles of annihilation well, one to
insure steel, and the other to insure grain and cotton. To fight two battles of
annihilation well, and fulfill steel, grain, cotton, chemical fertilizer and electric
power targets constitute the key points for battle in the province this year and the
common major task of the party, government, army and people of the whole province.

In these two battles of annihilation, the industry, communications and capital con-
struction fronts shoulder the dual task of insuring steel and supporting agriculture.
Their responsibility is heavy. We must go all out to overcome all difficulties and do
a good job of fulfilling this task.

The current key question is to continue to get a good and tight grasp of electric power.
Power generating departments must do everything possible to tap potentials and increase
output. We must further reduce consumption of electricity in the lower stations and
along the transmission lines and strive to increase power supplies. We must do a good
job of maintaining generating equipment and transmission lines and insure safe and
economic transmission and steady, greater and balanced generation.

We must speed up construction of large and medium-sized power stations and put them
into operation as soon as possible. We must build small hydroelectric stations in a
big way, implementing the principle of "the station belongs to whoever constructs and
manages it and benefits from it" and [words indistinct]. It is necessary to strengthen
planned electricity consumption and distribute electrical power in a highly centralized
and unified way. It .. necessary to increase supprvision over electricity consumption
and strictly observe discipline in consumption. All factories, mines, enterprises,
offices, schools, shops and streets must vigorously unfold activities to consume
electricity in a planned and economical way and to have the masses operate electrical
stations.

In order to grasp electrical power, we must further grasp coal. Workers on the province's
coal front must overcame all difficulties and advance at high speed.

} p
——_ SY

I. 4 Apr 78 ‘ H 13 PRC
? CENTRAL-SOUTH REGION

7

We must do everything possible to fight the battle of annihilation to insure steel

well, first insuring production in the Wuhan Iron and Steel Campany and other key
enterprises. At the same time, we must grasp production in local iron and steel plants,
to provide more raw material for agricultural mechanization and other industrial pro-
duction and construction. Local iron and steel plants must overfulfill their production
plans for the year. We must strive to increase production of chemical fertilizer, agri-
cultural chemicals and plastic sheeting for agriculture.

We must produce more and better farm machines and other supporteagriculture products

to achieve agricultural mechanization. Before the end of the year, we must reorganize
farm machinery in accordance with the principle of coordination between specialized
departments. We must promote output and speed from coordination and insure the province
basically achieves agricultural mechanization by 1980. First, we must reorganize
tractor production and strengthen the standardization, systematization, and generalization
of farm machinery. At present, we must give priority to production of machine parts and
ancillary equipment, and get a particularly good grasp of certain key machine parts and
ancillary machinery and implements. This year's plans for producing tractor and
internal combustion engine parts are 77 percent greater than last year. Departments and
enterprises concerned must fulfill these plans.

We must correctly handle the relationship between agriculture, light industry and heavy
industry and arrange light industry production well, striving to achieve self-sufficiency
in the main light industry products as soon as possible.

We must do a good job of communications and transport work. Communications departments
at all levels, the Yangtze Navigation Company and the railways must give priority to
planning and transporting key materials for extracting coal and insuring electrical
power and steel, and support-agriculture materials such as seed, chemical fertilizer,
agricultural chemicals and farm machinery. We must do a good job of road construction in
the mountainous areas and strive to link all commures by road before the end of the year.
In areas where there are networks of rivers, it is necessary to fully use tributaries,
small rivers, and drainage and irrigation channels to develop waterway transport.

In order to fulfill this year's battle tasks and do still better in building Taching-
type enterprises everywhere, we must get a thoroughly good grasp of work in the
following six aspects:

1. Continue to unfold the struggle to expose and criticize the gang of four. To

tightly grasp the key link of exposing and criticizing the gang of four is the touchstone
to distinguish between genuine{or sham learning from Taching and is also the first
standard for assessing Taching*type units. This year, on the basis of the successes
already gained, we must carry out this great struggle in depth. We must continue to

grasp it as the cardinal task. .

Speaking of the province as a whole, investigation work has now been basically completed.
However, there are still a few backward units to which the leadership at all levels must
attach a high degree of importance. After this meeting, upper-level leading departments
must immediately investigate matters and formulate plans and measures for solving problems
one by one. Units which have basically completed investigation work must get a good

grasp of compiling the material and prepare to handle the urgent cases. They shculd not
be handled hastily. It is necessary to rely on the masses to (?carry out thorough investi-
gations) and insure that no hidden danger remains. We shoulc rapidly release those
persons whose problems come under the category of contradictions among the people and who
have made a clean breast of things should continue to do so among the masses. With regard
to those who have to be screened, including the backbone elements, we must not, because

of their problems, discriminate against their dependents and offspring.

I. 4 Apr 78 H 14 PRC
CENTRAL=SOUTH REGION

We must seriously do a good job of the "two blows" movement, striking resolute blows at
the class enemies' sabotage activities and the frenzied assaults of capitalist forces.
Units which have basically completed investigation work should, in connection with
their plans for learning from Taching and fighting the two battles of annihilation for
insuring steel, grain and cotton, spend some time in unfolding the "two blows" movement.

With regard to policy problems in the struggle to expose and criticize the gang of four

and the "two blows" movement, Chairman Hua has already given a very clear exposition in the
political report at the llth party congress and the government work report at the Fifth
NPC. All areas and units must resolutely implement this.

2. Seriously do a good job of building the leadership groups and the ranks of workers.
Practice of the past year's struggle and more has shown that the great majority of the
leadership groups in the province's industry, communications and capital construction
are good or fairly good. However, there are also a very small number of groups with
many problems.

In rectifying the leadership groups, we must emphasize ideological education. At the
same time, it is necessary to carry out the necessary organizational rectification,

We must deal seriously with those people who took part in the gang of four's conspiratorial
activities to usurp party and state power, sold their souls and joined them. They cannot
remain in the leadership groups. With regard to a few soft, lazy and loose leadership
groups which cannot grasp work properly, on the basis of conducting ideological rectifi-
cation we must carry out the necessapy readjustment and strengthening. In particular,

we must do a good job of assigning the top three men. We cannot allow people consumed
with ambition, whose political qualities are poor and work style very bad to enter the
leadership groups. We cannot employ them. As to the good and fairly good leadership
groups and leading members--the great majority--the main thing is, through rectification,
to sum up positive and negative experiences in the llth line struggle, enhance their
awareness of the line struggle and grasp policies, st»engthen party spirit and unity,
carry forward the party's fine traditions and work style and do well in improving their
work.

We must fully utilize the backbone role of veteran cadres, who should do a good Job of
passing on their experiences and providing help and guidance. We must pay attention to
discovering and cultivating able people from among middle-aged and young cadres. Those
outstanding elements who meet the five requirements for successors and have done well in
the three great revolutionary movements should be promoted to strengthen leadership
groups at all levels. Wemust take a comprehensive view of those who, when the gang of four
were running rampant, persisted in working on the frontline but said or did some wrong
things under pressure from the gang and their black ace generals. These comrades should
take the party spirit stand and set strict demands for themselves. The few who have not
yet seriously conducted self-criticism should do so. We must also strictly distinguish
these comrades from those persons who followed the gang of four and intrigued and con-

spired.

We must adopt the principle of education and enhancement. In matters for which the
upper-level authorities accept responsibility, they should come out to help these
comrades to make a clean breast. We should welcome those who have already conducted
self-criticism. We should not grab them without letting go.

As a result of conducting the movement for more than a year, leadership groups in the
industry, communications and capital construction fronts have been initially rectified,
Necessary readjustments have been made in the leadership groups of some key enterprises
at and above county level. On this basis we must further get a good grasp of rectifying
and building the leadership groups at all levels.

gr

I. 4 Apr 78 H 15 PRC
CENTRAL-SOUTH REGION

On the basis of rectifying and building leadership groups at all levels well, we must
vigorously step up the building of the ranks of workers. Every enterprise must learn
from the experiences of the PLA and Teching, set up and put on a sound basir political
work organs and a political work system, organize the workers and their dependents to
seriously study Marxist-Leninist works and Chairman Mao's works and constantly enhance
their awareness of the class and line struggles and of continuing the revolution, We
must strengthen political and ideological work in the enterprises, regularly analyze the
state of mind of the ranks of workers and carry out appropriate education in class, line,
the situation, and revolutionary traditions, We must vigorously unfold activities to
assess thinking, compare contributions, and establish pace setters, and commend progressive
figures, We must step up technical training.

We must strengthen the building of basic level party branches in the enterprises and give
full play to their battle fortress role and to the vanguard and model role of the party
members. We must give play to the backbone role of workshift and group leaders and old
workers, This is the key to doing a good job of building the ranks of workers. We must
go all out to grasp this well.

Enterprise offices must be streamlined, Excessive personnel must be removed, Cadres
must persist in taking part in collective productive labor,

3. Straighten out enterprise management in an all-round, serious and thoroughgoing way.
At present, we must first revive and establish the system of division of responsibilities
to the factory manager under the leadership of the party committee, At the same time, we
must revive technical titles and set up and put on a sound basis the system of respon-
sibility for technicians, so that engineers and technicians have jobs, power and
responsibilities, their role cau be fully utilized, and their sense of responsibility can
be strengthened. We must seriously implement the principle of "two participations, one
reform and the three-in-one combination" and launch the worker masses to take part in
enterprise management, Cadres must participate in collective productive labor,

In factories, mines and enterprises, it is necessary to further establish and put on a
sound basis various rules and regulations centered on the post responsibility system and
truly insure that everything has someone in charge of it and everyone has specific
responsibilities,

We must get a comprehensive grasp of the eight economic and technical indexes. At pre-
sent, we must particularly concentrate on improving product quality, reducing consumption
af raw materials, and increasing accumulation. This year every system and enterprise
must complete the eight great targets set by the state and strive to catch up with and
overtake progressive levels in their ‘rade.

4, Go all out to tap potentials and carry out reforms and innovations and unfold the
technical revolution in a big way. We must seriously implement the spirit 01: the imvortant
speeches of Chairman Hua and Vice Chairman Teng delivered at the National Science Conference,
ride on the powerful east wind of this conference, and stimulate the deeper and more
extensive unfolding of the mass movement of technical innovation and revolution in the
province. Hupeh's industrial base is relatively strong, but its production technology
level is not high, and there are great potentials, Industrial departments and enter-
prises must base their work on the existing foundation and regard tapping potentials and
carrying out reforms and innovations as the primary way to speed up industrial development,
launch the masses to compare themselves with the progressives, discover shortcomings and
formulate plans, unfold the movement of technical innovation and revolution and go all out
to improve the level of production technology. |

I. 4 Apr 78 H 16 PRC
CENTRAL-SOUTH REGION

In this work it is necessary to give prominence to th. key points. As far as industry

in the province as a whole is concerned, the key points now and for a time to come are;
increasing production and practicing economy in and multipurpose use of iron and steel,
coal, electric power, and other raw materials; high-efficiency production lines for key
parts and ancillary equipment of motive power farm machinery; and high output, fine
quality, and low consumption of raw materials. The province's industry and communications
front has already formulated a draft plan for keypoint technical innovations for populari-
zation during 1978-80. According to this plan, it is particularly important to grasp the
multipurpose use of gangue; the use of surplus heat to generate electricity; use of the
{word indistinct] boiler to produce calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer; and high-
efficiency procuction lines for the farm machinery industry. While giving precedence to
insuring fulfillment of the province's keypoint projects, various agricultural departments
and enterprises must also thoroughly grasp a number of projects themselves and get them
into production,

We must conduct the necessary technical training for existing workers, We must do a
good job of running 21 July universities, technical schools and night schools and unfold
technical training. We must put into effect the system of technical inspections, In
short, we must adopt various measures and ways and strive to build a vast Red and expert
force with a mastery of modern science and technology. This is an important strategic
plan for edvancing toward socialist modernization,

5. Extensively unfold socialist labor emulation and give full play to the masses!
socialist activism, The central contents of labor emulation are increasing production
and practicing economy, striving to increase production, improve quality, raise labor
productivity, reduce consumption and production costs, and increase profits, All
departments and factories, mines and enterprises must, in accordance with their actual
situation, put forward specific demands and targets in these respects and seriously

do a good job of organizing emulation so that our economic construction will fully meet
the demands of "greater, faster, better and more economic,”

6. Persistently follow the 7 May road and care for the workers! daily life. To organize
the workers and dependents to follow the 7 May road is a major affair related to the
question of an enterprise's orientation and road, It plays an important role in imple-
menting the strategic principle "be prepared against war, be prepared against natural
disasters, do everything for the people," promoting the ideological revolutionization of
the workers and dependents, improving the workers! daily life, promoting production,
strengthening the worker-peasant alliance, and narrowing the three great gaps. All
factories, mines, enterprises and units in the province must, proceeding from their

own actual conditions, actively make a success of this work.

Where possible, it is necessary to organize workers and dependents to do a good job of
agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry, sideline occupations and fisheries, They can
also operate a number of commercial and service trades which serve the factory workers
daily life, It is necessary to be self-reliant and struggle arduously to build up the
business, People should mainly rely on their own efforts to reclaim barren land for
agriculture. They must not [words indistinct] or encroach on the peasants! interests,
At the same time, they must vigorously support agriculture and do a good job of worker-
peasant unity.

Local party committees and departments concerned should, according to possibilities,
provide the necessary support for factories and mines to follow the 7 May road. Where
possible, enterprises far from the towns can put into effect the combination of industry
and agriculture and unity of [word indistinct]. Factories and enterprises in large

towns, where it is not possible to reclaim land for agriculture, should also pay attention
to grasping production of subsidiary foodstuffs by raising pigs and so on,

I, 4 apr 78 H 17 PRC
CENTRAL-SOUTH REGION

Commune and brigade enterprises must make full use of local resources and persist in
following the principle of serving agriculture. The power of management over these
enterprises must be firmly in the hands of the poor and lower-middle peasants.

We must regard care for the masses' livelihood as an important content of political work
and grasp it well. All towns must implement the principle of serving production and the
workers' livelihood and strive to run public enterprises, commerce and service trades
well and gradually solve problems of housing, water supplies and so on for the worker
masses. prefectures and municipalities must help factories, mines and other enterprises
solve problems of the workers' material and cultural life and insure doing a good job

of supplying vegetables and subsidiary foodstuffs. All factories, mines and enterprises
must run workers! canteens, creches, kindergartens, and cultural, medical and other
collective welfare enterprises well. Where possible, problems of husband and wife being
separated for a long time should be solved. It is necessary to grasp birth control well,
do a good job of labor protection, improve labor conditions, and pay attention to production
safety and to combining labor and rest.

HAINAN MEETING DISCUSSES TRIPLE-CROPPING
HKO30944Y Haikow Hainan Island Regional Service in Mandarin 0430 GMT 2 Apr 78 HK

([Summary] The Hainan Regional Revolutionary Committee recently held a conference on
switching to triple-cropping. They summed up last year's successful experiences and
formulated plans and measures for this year. The conference called on all places to imple-
ment the spirit of the Fifth NPC, get rid of fear of hardship and fatigue and work hard

to make a success of preparing for the mid-season crop and to popularize last year's
experiences over wide areas.

Last year Hainan grew 2 rice crops and 1 late autumn sweet potato crop on 250,000 mou
and 3 rice crops on 60,000 mou, generally recording marked increases in production.
Experiments were also conducted in growing two rice crops and one corn crop, two rice
and one potato, two rice and one tobacco, and one peanut and two rice crops.

Summing up last year's experiences, the conference noted that big increases in production
had been recorded over large areas in switching to triple-cropping. The conference demanded
that all places do a good job of the following tasks in order to achieve s*ill greater
success this year:

1. Sum up experiences in switching to triple-cropping and do a good job of propaganda
work to publicize the advantages of triple-cropping.

2. Make an early start in preparatory work so as to seize the initiative. It is necessary
to prepare to fight two battles of annihilation, to transplant early and mid-season rice.

3. Give full play to the important role of farm machinery in switching to triple-cropping.
It is necessary to strengthen management of agricultural machines and insure that they are

used properly.

4. It is necessary to do a good job of conducting investigation and study so as to
stimulate the work of switching to triple-cropping. All sectors of the economy must provide
support.

I. 4 apr 78 PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHIWA J1
SOUTHWEST REGION

KWEICHOW PROVINCIAL PARTY CONGRESS ENDS
HKO30956Y Kwedyang Kweichow Provincial Service in Mandarin 1100 GMT 1 Apr 78 HK

(Summary) "The Fourth Kweichow Provincial CCP Congress successfully ended on 31 March.
The representatives who attended the congress seriously studied the documents of the

llth national party congress, studied the government work report deliverea by chairman
Hua at the Fifth NPC, studied the speeches of Chairman Hua and Vice Chairman Teng at

the National Science Conference, listened to and discussed the work report delivered by
Comrade Ma Li on behalf of the provincial CCP Committee ard discussed the 10-year plan
put forward by the provincial CCP Committee for developing the national economy in our province. "

The congress held a full session on the afternoon of 31 March. Comrade Ma Li presided.
The representatives at the session unanimously approved the resolution on the report
delivered by Comrade Ma Li.

"The draft resolution of Fourth Kweichow Provincial CCP Committee on the work report,
adopted by the session of the Presidium on 29 March 1978, says: The Fourth Kweichow
Provincial CCP Congress unanimously approves the work report delivered by Comrade Ma Li
on behalf of the provincial CCP Committee. The congress held: Comrade Ma Li's work
report follows the line of the llth national party congress and the spirit of the Fifth
NPC, sums up our province's work and basic experiences since the third Provincial CCP
Congress, analyzes the excellent situation of achieving initial succes in grasping the
key link of class struggle and bringing about great order throughout Kweichow, puts
forward the plans and measures for redlizing the general tasks of the new period in

our province and puts forward the future combat tasks. Th@ work report is in accord with
our province's practical situation, reflects the common wish of the masses of party
members and the people 6f all nationalities throughout our province and has a great
Significance in rapidly developing the national economy and in rapidly changing our
province's backwardness. The congress called on the party, army and people throughout -
our province to hold high Chairman Mao's great banner further closely rally around the
party Central Committee headed by wise leader Chairman Hua on the new Long March,
resolutely implement the line of the llth national party congress and the general

tasks of the new period put forward by the Fifth NPC, adhere to continuing the revolution
under the dictatorship of the proletariat, carry through to the end the great struggle
to expose and criticize the gang of four, grasp the three revolutionary movements

of class struggle, of the struggle for production and of scientific experimentation
simultaneously, moblize all positive factors, unite all the forces that can be united,
strive to implement the combat tasks but forward by the work report and contribute to
realizing the goal of achieving great success in grasping the key link of class struggle
and bringing about order throughout Kweichow, to realizing the 10-year outline program
for developing the national economy in our province, to building our province into a
strong strategic rear base of our motherland and into a modern socialist industrial
province and to building our country into a modern and powerful socialist state with

the four modernizations."

The 887 representatives at the session then elected 87 members and 29 alternate members
of the Fourth Kweichow Provincial CCP Committee by secret ballot. Th: congress held a
closing ceremony at 0920 on 31 March.

I. 4 Apr 78 J2 PRC
SOUTHWEST REGION

KWEICHOW DAILY Hails Congress
HKO31010Y Kweiyang Kweichow Provincial Service in Mandarin 1100 GMT 2 Apr 78 HK

(KWEICHOW DAILY editorial: "Unite Closely, Advance Together and Strive To Realize the
the General Tasks of the New Period--Fervently Halling the Successful Closing of the

Fourth Provincial CCP Congress"--date not given]

[Excerpts] With the warm concern of the party Central Committee headed by wise leader
Chairman Hua, the Fourth Kweichow Provincial CCP Congress has successfully ended. We
fervently hail the full success of the congress. The congress was held amid the
excellent situation in which the gang of four were smaShed at one blow by wise leader
Chairman Hua, in which we have scored initial success in grasping the key link of

class struggle and bringing about great order across the land and in grasping the key
link of class struggle and bringing about great order throughout Kweichow and in which
our country has entered a new period of development. The Congress held Chairman Mao's
great banner, followed the line of the llth national party congress, summed up the

work and basic experiences of our province since the Third Provincial CCP Congress,
discussed and formulated the plans and measures for realizing the general tasks of the
new period and elected the Fourth Kwiechow Provincial CCP Committee in line with the
five criteria for successors and the principle of the combination of the old, middle-aged
and young put forward by Chairman Mao. The congress unanimoulsy approved the work report
delivered by Comrade Ma Li on behalf of the Third Provincial CCP Gommittee. The
congress gave full play to democracy and was a congress of liveliness, of unity and of
victory. This was also an oath-taking congress to follow the party Central Committee
headed by the wise leader Chairman Hua on the new Long March. This congress has a great
Significance in mobilizing and organizing the party members and the 25 million people

of all nationalities throughout our province to realize the general task of the new
period and in building Kweichow into a consolidated strategic rear base and into a modern
and powerful socialist industrial province of our country.

In order to meet the needs of the new situation and follow Chairman Hua to continue the
new Long March, all provincial organizations must take our party's basic experience in the
lith line struggle summd up by Chairman Hua dnd the Party Central Committee as the
example, implement the spirit of this congress and, in connection with the reality of our
localities and units, think things over and sum up the main expsriences--the successful
and erronous experiences. We must remember that, at any time and under whatever circum-
stances, we must always adhere to the basic principle of "three dos and three don'ts"
and render our services to the party. We must practice Marxism, and not revisionism,
unite and don't split, be open and aboveboard and don't intrigue and conspire. We must,
at anytime and under whatever circumstances, adhere to the party's basic line, always
remember class struggle, rely on the majority of the people and cadres and always adhere
to the fundamental principles of Marxism-Leninism-Mao Tsetung Thought.

Our province shoulders a glorious and arduous task in the new historical period. The
congress followed the line of the llth national party congress, implemented the spirit
of the Fifth NPC, put forward the short term and long term goals and formulated all-
round plans for effecting the work of socialist revolution and construction.

I. 4 apr 78 J 3 PRC
SOUTHWEST REGION

The goals are magnificent, the tasks are arduous and the time is pressing. We mst
advance together, fight in unity, really work hard and overcome all difficulties

so as to turn the magnificent goals into bright reality by stages. we must first

carry out an ideological mobilization [ssu hsiang fa tung] inside and outside the

party throughout the province. We must further deeply and widely publicize, study

and implement the line of the ?1th national party congress and the documents of the
Fifth NPC, organize the people throughout the province to seriously study the important
Speeches of Chairman Hua and Vice Chairman Teng at the National Science Conference and
publicize the goal of building Kweichow into a modern and powerful socialist industrial
province, the six basic experiences and the 10 combat tasks put forward by the provin-
Cial party congress so as to enable everyone to knw about them.

In order to implement the spirit of this congress, we must rely on the unity of the
cadres and people inside and outside the party throughout the province. The congress
was a successful congress which united the forces of the whole party of our province on
the basis on the line of the llth national party congress. Unity is force. Only by
unity can we organize all the forces to advance together on the new Long March. We
must strengthen the party's unity, the unity among the ranks of the people and the
unity among the leadership groups.

In order to implement the spirit of this congress, we must revive and carry forward the
party's fine traditions and work style. At present, in light of our province's situ-
ation, we must especially pay attention to the unification between theory and practice
and between words and actions. The unification between theory and practice means to
integrate the instructions of Chairman Hua and the party Central Committee and the plans
of upper level party committees with the actual situation in our own localities and
units. We must hold discussions with the people, adhere to the principle of seeking
truth from facts, respect the law of objectivity, advocate research and investigation,
establish examples, do what we say, work hard, participate in collective labor and
produce results. Upper level units mist first do the things they want the lower level
units to do and the leaders must first do the thing they want the people to do. We
must oppose empty words, lies, false words and the bad habit in which words are not in
conformity with actions. Under the excellent situation in which the people are in high
spirits in work, the leadership must show concern for them, understand their feelings
and needs and respect their experiences. We can overcome all difficulties and complete
arduous tasks only if we strengthen the party's leadership and do a good job of reviving
and carrying forward the party's fine work style.

KWEICHOW CCP COMMITTEE HOLDS PLENUM TO ELECT LEADERS
HKO31212Y Kweiyang Kweichow Provincial Service in Mandarin 1100 GMT 2 Apr 78 HK

[Text] On the morning of 1 April the Fourth Kweichow Provincial CCP Committee held
its first plenum. In accordance with the principles of democratic centraiism and
after full exchange of views, the plenum elected by ballot the first secretary, .
second secretary, secretaries, deputy secretaries and Standing Committee members. In
accordance with the stipulations of the party constitution, the plenum elected the-
secretary, deputy secretaries and members of the Discipline Inspection Committee and
organized the Discipline Inspection Committee of the Fourth Kweichow Provincial CCP

Comittee.

SOUTHWEST REGION

The plemum also discussed and passed the decision of the Kweichow Provincial CCP Com-
mittee on improving leadership style.

The decision points out: It is essential to hold high Chairman Mao's great banner and
élosely follow wise leader Chairman Hua to take the new Long March. To fulfill the
general task in the new period, in compliance with the three basic principles, "pursue
Marxism, not revisionism, unite, don't split, be open and aboveboard, don't intrigue
and conspire," we must contime to solve the problems of leadership style which were
caused by the gang of four's sabotage and which now exist in our province so that the
thinking, work style and work method of all party committees can be promoted and
improved.

The decision emphatic: lly points out: \

1. It is necessary to a»siduously study Marxist-Leninist and Chairman Mao's works and
completely and accurately appreciate and grasp the system of Mao Tsetung Thought.

2. It is imperative to vigorously conduct the style of investigation and study and to
seriously set up points.

3. We mst trust and rely on the masses and wholeheartedly do everything for the people.

4, We mst persistently carry out the system of division of labor and responsibilities
under the collective leadership of the party committees.

5. We mst rectify the work style.

6. Except for the old, weak, sick and disabled, all cadres mst actively take part in
collective productive labor.

7. We must have better troops and simpler administration and overcome the "five exces-
sives."

8. We must be modest and prudent and struggle hard. :

The decision demands that party committees and party groups at and above county level
seriously implement the above and inspect every 6 months the situation in implementing

them.
SZECHWAN CONFERENCE DISCUSSES INDUSTRY
HKO31050Y Chengtu Szechwan Provincial Service in Mandarin 2140 GMT 2 apr 78 HK

[Summary] On 29 March, the Szechwan Provincial CCP Committee held a telephone confer-
ence to further implement the spirit of the Fifth NPC, arrange industrial production for
the second quarter, and mobilize the cadres and workers to fulfill more than half the
yea?'s task in half the year. Comrade Hsu Chih, secretary of the provincial CCP Com-
mittee, presided. Comrade Wu Hsi-hai, vice chairman of the provincial Revolutionary
Committee, spoke. The participants included responsible comrades of all prefectural,
municipal and county CCP committees, of factories and mines at and above county level,

and of the provincial organs concerned.

The current situation on the province's industry and commnications front is excellent.

I. 4 Apr 78 J 5 PRC
SOUTHWEST REGION

The total value of output in the first quarter exceeded that for the first 4 months of
last year and set a new record for the period. The year's production plans for most
products were 2/+ percent fulfilled. In some products the plans were more than 25 percent
fulfilled. Industries which have done well include coal, metallurgy and chemicals.
Chengtu Railway Bureau overfulfilled its quotas for freight transport every month. In
view of the low level of the rivers, the electric power departments have done everything
possible to step up output of thermal electricity. By the end of March, the year's
electricity generation plan had been 24.7 percent fulfilled. Capital construction in
the province has also speeded up.

Compared with January and February last year, losses in enterprises fell by 63 percent
in units running at a loss in the first 2 months of the year, while profits rose by
97 percent in units running at a profit.

The conference demanded that industrial departments fulfill more than half the year's
task in the first half of the year, and strive to do even better if possible. "The

key points in industrial production work are to boost electric power, natural gas and
transport as rapidly as possible. We must concentrate all forces to generate more
electricity and produce more gas. At the same time, we must organize and arrange well
the products for supporting agriculture, without missing the farming season, and help
agriculture to reap a still greater bumper harvest. We must do a good job of production
in the light and chemical industries and production of goods for export."

The conference pointed out: In the second quarter, the industry and communications front
must continue to study, prepagese and implement the spirit of the Fifth NPC and do a still
better job of all work.

"1, We mst continue to grasp well the movement to criticize one thing and rectify two.
At present we must fully launch the masses to fight well the third campaign of exposing
and criticizing the gang of four. In rectifying the enterprises, we must first get a
good grasp of rectifying the leadership groups. We mist make great efforts to rectify
enterprise management, set up and put on a sound basis various management systems
centered on the system of post reSponsibility, and perfect the management-command system.
Leading cadres must dare to grasp and to manage and succeed in exercising strict manage-
ment and setting strict demands. In the second quarter, all prefectures and trades mist
grasp tynical examples of rectifying enterprise management and apply their experiences to
guide the whole effort so as to speed up tiie work of rectifying enterprise management."

It is necessary to continue to grasp the movement to learn from Taching and organize
the movement to criticize one thing and rectify two and the movement to learn from
Taching into a unified movement.

"2, Seriously implement the party's policies. In grasping the implementation of
policies, the key lies in grasping action. We must not just shout about it, we must
go into action. We must seriously implement the policies on cadres, intellectuals
and old workers, pay attention to bringing into play the role of engineers and
technicians and fully mobilize their revolutionary activism to serve socialist
construction. We should actively revive technical titles such as chief engineer
and chief accountant, rapidly put the system oi responsibility in technical affairs
on a sound basis, and give free rein to them to work, insuring that they have jobs,
power and responsibility.

I. 4& Apr 78 J 6 PRC
SOUTHWEST REGION

"The old workers are the backbone of the ranks of workers. We must give full play to
their model and leading role. We must speed up the work of implementing the policy of
'from each according to his ability, to each according to his work! ,"

It is necessary tc implement the instructions of Chairman Hua on the wage system
contained in the government work report delivered at the Fifth NPC. All enterprises
must do a good job of labor protection, get a good grasp of paying subsidies for over-
time, night shift work and work in high temperatures. Subsidies for underground and
outdoor work must also be implemented in accordance with the regulations.

3. Contimie to grasp the three weak points of electricity, natural gas and transport.
"With the second quarter we have entered the rainy season, and hydroelectric supplies

will gradually increase. However, we must certainly not view this lightly. In the
second quarter it is still necessary to give prominence to grasping electric power
production. The communications departments must unfold emulation activities in safety,
punctuality, high quality and high output, go all out to tap existing transport potentials
and improve transport efficiency, At present, we are in the busy spring farming season,
We must transport chemical fertilizer and other materials ‘o the frontline of agri-

cultural production in good time."

4,. Strive to improve product quality, cut consumption of raw materials, turn from loss

to profit, and fulfill all eight economic and technical indexes. "In the second quarter,
output of the various industrial products should reach 50 percent of the year's plans.

The main economic and technical indexes should show marked increases over the first
quarter. We must continue to get a vigorous grasp of the three important key links of
quality, consumption and accumulation. We must follow the principle of ‘quality and variety
first,' vigorously grasp product quality and strive to increase variety of products.
Products which fail to meet the standard and the contract in quality, variety and
specification cannot be counted as part of fulfilling the plan, and must not leave the
factory. All enterprises must strictly observe this regulation and must not look for

ways of getting around it.

"In order to raise production in the second quarter to a new level, we mist base our
work on tapping potentials within the enterprises. In particular, we must go all out
to reduce consumption of raw materials and seek increased production through practicing

economy." :

5. We must vigorously learn science and technology and unfold mass technical innovation
activities. All areas, departments and enterprises should organize the cadres and masses
to study the speeches of Chairman Hua and Vice Chairman Teng at the National Science
Conference and implement the spirit of the conference. Leading cadres must take the
lead in studying professional work, technology and science.

6. We must grasp production safety and care for the workers' daily life. All areas,
departments and enterprises must immediately carry out a major check up on production
safety; the leaders at all levels should personally take part in checking up at mines,
" factories, construction sites, transport depots, wharves and so on. We must do a good
job of running collective welfare enterprises for the workers and of solving various
problems for them, such as that of transport for night shift workers. |

I, 4 Apr 78 PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHIWA Lil
NORTHEAST REGION

HEILUNGKIANG CPPCC STANDING COMMITTEE MEETS
a
SKO4O820Y Harbin Heilungkiang Provincial Service in Mandarin 1100 GMT 31 Mar 78 SK

(Text] From 26 to 30 March the Fourth Heilungkiang Committee of the CPPCC held the third
enlarged session of the Standing Committee to convey and study the spirit of the Fifth
National People's Congress and of the Fifth CPPCC. Comrade Li Chien-pai, secretary of

the provincial party committee, attended and spoke. Vice Chairmen of the Heilungkiang

CPPCC Committee Chang Jui-lin, (Wang Min-kuei), (Chang Jen-chin), (Wang Chao-chih) and

(Kuo Tsouechang) attended, Also attending the session were some members of the provincial
CPPEC Committee, patriotic personages from various fields, directors of party united front
work departments of leagues and municipalities, and comrades in charge of united front work
in institutions of higher education and vocational schools. All the participants were filled
with jubilation.

At first, the session listened to Vice Chairman of the Heilungkiang CPPCC Committee and
Deputy Director of the United Front Department of the Provincial CCP Committee Chang Jui-li:
conveying the majestic atmosphere of the first session of the Fifth CPPCC and of the Fifth
NPC. The documents of the two conferences and important speeches of Chairman Hua and Vice
Chairman Teng delivered at the National Science Conference were then sincerely studied.
Fervent talks and discussions were hi ld in receiving the great teachings and encouragement,
The session deeply felt the boundless kind concern of Chairman Hua and the party Central
Committee for patriotic democrats, patriotic personages, compatriots in Taiwan, Hong Kong
and Macao as well as Overseas Chinese, The participants expressed their ardent determination
to hold high Chairman Mao's great banner, closely rally around the Central Committee of the
Chinese Communist Party headed by wise leader Chairman Hua, give full piay to the organiza-
tional role of revolutionary united front work and fulfill glorious tasks bequeathed by
history.

The session fully displayed socialist democracy and all the people attending freely expressed
their opinions, Citing a number of their own experiences, they exposed and criticized the
gang for basically reversing the relationship of the peopie to the enemy in the socialist
historical stage, for wantonly trampling upon the party's policy on united front work, for
disrupting the party's policies on intellectuals, nationalities and Overseas Chinese

affairs and for undermining the revolutionary united front. They clarified right and wrong
on the question of political line, emancipated their minds and strengthened their political
awareness in comprehensively and correctly implementing Chairman Mao's revolutionary line,

Through studying and discussion, all the participants acquired a gcod and increased under-
standing of general tasks for the new period of development in socixlist revolution and
socialist construction, clearly understood the significance and urgency of the work of
quickening socialist construction and achieving the four modernizations by the end of this
century, and clearly understood that the new constitution was a body of basic laws, They
made up their minds to enhance their concept of legality, to supervise the implementation of
the new constitution, to be models in observing the new constitution and to improve and
strengthen the revolutionary united front so as to create a new and more lively situation
in the work of the Political Consultative Conference. They gladly pointed out: At present
all people of this province together with people of all nationalities throughout the country
have embarked on a new Long March under the leadership of Chairman Hua and the party Central
Committee,

;
i
i
'
‘

I, 4Ape 78 L2 PRC
NORTHEAST REGION

We should enthusiastically become promoters and men of action who assist the progress of
the new Long March, suggest ways and means of closely focusing on the great goal of
achieving the four modernizations by the end of this century by fully displaying our
talents. concentrate our energy on perfecting our skills in vocational work, map out
feasible plans for advancing by leaps and bounds and swing into action.

Comrade Lt Chien-pat emphatically pointed out in his speech: In order to unite all
forces that can be united and mobilize all positive factors that can be mobilized, all
party committees should raise the level of their political understanding, sincerely carry
out the party's policies on the work of the united front, the intellectuals, nationalities
and Overseas Chinese affairs, and thoroughly wipe out the pernicious influence of the
gang on the work of the united front,

In his speech, Comrade Li Chien-pai also warmly encouraged all the participants to
strive to study the works of Marx, Lenin and Mao Tsetung while carrying out the three
great revolutionary movements of class struggle and the struggle for production and
scientific experiment, to conscientiously remold the world outlook, to try to learn
everything and remold themselves as long as they live, to endeavor to make all possible
contributions to socialist causes, to continuously achieve new improvement in remolding
their thinking and to make concerted efforts to fulfill the several tasks for the new
period and build the province into a prosperous and strong frontier region.

KIRIN EFFORTS TO STUDY NPC CUIDELINES RELATED
SKO1O440Y Changchun Kirin Provincial Service in Mandarin 0420 GMT 30 Mar 78 SK

[Text] An upsurge of studying, publicizing and implementing the guidelines of the
Fifth NPC is taking shape in both urban and rural areas of Kirin Province. Immediately
following the closure of the first session of the Fifth NPC, leading cadres of the
Kirin Provincial CCP Committee at all levels took the lead in studying and implementing
the guidelines of the Fifth NPC in line with actual provincial conditions. At the same
time they have carried out propaganda activities in a big way, insisting that through
these acSivities every family and person be aware of and understand the general task

of the new period and the new constitution. Principal leading cadres of the Kirin
provincial party committee and all leading comrades have taken the lead in propaganda
work, Party committees of municipalities, chou and leagues and large plants, mines and
enterprises have established short-term training classes in order to train propagandists
and then have sent them to communes and brigades of rural areas and to the groups and
teams in workshops to explain the documents of the Fifth NPC.

In studying all leading cadres and the masses have held discussions in order to work
out concrete measures to implement the general task of the new period. Many units
have mobilized the masses to take the documents of the Fifth NPC as weapons to deeply
expose and criticize the gang of four, pledging to carry the struggle to expose and
criticize the gang of four through to the end. All leading cadres are determined to
simultaneously grasp the three great revolutionary m-vements, quicken the tempo in
socialist building of our province so as to insure that a new leap forward is made in
the national economy throughout Kirin Province.

Party members and cadres of the Changchun No 1 vehicie plant have taken the lead in
studying and implementing the documents and guidelines of the Fifth NPC. Leading
cadres of this plant have taken the lead in discussing their own understanding and study,

I. 4 Apr 78 L 3 PRC
NORTHEAST REGION

The party committee of the general installation factory of this plant made several
demands on staff and workers in studying: 1) Understand the great significance of
building China into a powerful, socialist, moderncountry. 2) Understand the general
task of the new period of socialist revolution and construction. 3) Understand the
concrete principle, policy and measures in carrying out the general task. 4) Understand
how to strive to fulfill the general task in a practical way.

Studying the documents of the Fifth NPC has promoted the revolution and production.

The staff and workers of the Kirin papermill, in light of actual conditions, have deeply
exposed and criticized the gang of four for their crimes of spreading the fallacy that
directing the spearhead at higher levels is the great orientation, and of stirring up
an ideological trend of anarchism. The mill has strengthened the system of personal
responsibility and established various rules and regulations. Since the beginning of
March, the mill has overfulfilled the daily production plan and has achieved the best
record in history in terms of product quality.

KIRIN'S WANG EN-MAO ADDRESSES WOMEN'S CONGRESS
SKO30745Y Changchun Kirin Provincial Service in Mandarin 1100 GMT 2 Apr 78 SK

[Text] The Kirin women's congress of advanced collectives and advanced individuals in
socialist revolution and socialist construction successfully concluded on the afternoon
of 30 March. First Secretary of the Kirin CCP Committee and Chairman of the Kirin
Revolutionary Committee Wang Bn-Ma6 and other leading comrades of the Kirin party and
revolutionary committees including Kao Yang, Yu Ko, Tsung Hsi-yun, Mu Lin, (Chen Hung),
Sung Chen-ting and An Chih-wen attended the closing ceremony. Comrade (To Chung),
responsible person of the National Women's Federation, was also present.

Comrade Wang En-mao addressed the ceremony. First, on behalf of the provincial party
committee, he extended warm congratulations to the congress, expressed greetings to the
representatives who had scored outstanding achievements on various fronts by persisting
in labor and trying to do their work, and paid tl.em his respects.

Comrade Wang En-mo talked about the role of Chinese women in all historical periods of
revolution in China, and stressed that women were a great revolutionary force. He said:
Now, we have entered a new period of development in socialist revolution and socialist
construction, The general tasks for this new period of development, put forward by
Chairman Hua in his government work report to the Fifth NPC are a great historical
mission for the people of all nationalities in China to fulfill. He continued: [It is
necessary to vigorously carry out a mass movement in order to accelerate socialist
construction. Women account for halt of all people. Extensively mobilizing and
organizing women to take part in socialist construction and making them play a role

in it decisively influences the vigorous launching of mass movements and accelerating

socialist construction.

I. 4 Apr 78 L 4 PRC
NORTHEAST REGION

Therefore, we must extensively mobilize, organize and give full scope to the force of
the masses of women to accelerate socialist construction and fulfill the general tasks
for the new period of development as soon as possible,

Comrade Wang En-mao pointed out: In order to bring into full play the role of women in
fulfilling the general tasks for the new period of development, we must extensively,
deeply and boldly mobilize women to participate in the struggle t« expose and criticize
the gang. In regard to some localities and departments which are trying to hold on the
lid, it is imperative to mobilize the masses of women to take part in the struggle to

lift the lid, Efforts should be made, in connection with the actual conditions of
various fronts and particularly in connection with women's work, to thoroughly expose and
criticize tne gang and the former responsible person in the provincial party committee for
their crimes of pushing the counterrevolutionary revisionist line, It is necessary to
thoroughiy expose and criticize their crimes in negating the leading status of Chairman
Mao's revolutionary line on women's work and in disrupting it, clarify the right ana wrong
on lines ideologically and theoretically, wipe out their pernicious influence, com-
pletely smash the bourgeois fational networks, consolidate and strengthen leading bodies
at various levels, restore and carry forward the excellent tradition and work style of
the party, persist in carrying out Chairman Mao's revolutionary line politically, ideo-
logically, organizationally and in work style, and wobilize and organize women to bring
their role into full play, enabling them to make greater contributions to the struggle

to build a modern and powerful socialist country,

Comrade Wang En-mao called on women on the fronts of agriculture, industry and communi-
cations, machinery, finance and commerce, science and technology, and culture and
education, to follow the example of the women @n Tachai and in Taching in vigorously
critizing revisionism and capitalism, to go all-out for building socialism to actively
launch socialist emulation drives and to fully display their initiative at each post,
so as to continuously make new contributions, He said: It is necessary to unfold a
naw and prolonged movement of study, raise to a new standard the movement to study
Marxism, Leninism and Mao Tsetung Thought, and strive to study culture and knowlege

of modern science in order to master labor techniques and administrative methods that
are required for achieving an increase ir. production in modern ways,

Comraue Wang En-mao continued: Party committee at the various levels should strengthen
their leadership over women's work, bring into *ull play the role of women's organiza-
tions, pay attention to and solve the problem of vital interests of women and further
carry out the party's policy regarding their protection,

Comrade Wang En-mao finally said: Serving as advanced women's representatives, you bear
an important responsibility in carrying out socialist revolution and socialist construc-
tion on all fronts, You should unite and lead women of various nationalities in various
fields of the entire province by setting an example through your own conduct, Under
the leadership cf the party Central Committee headed by wise leader Chairman Hua, it is
necessary to hold high Chairman Mao's great banner, resolutely implement the line of
the lith national party congress and play a greater role in and make greater contri-
pution to fulfilling various fighting tasks set forth st the Fifth NPC, realizing the
behests of Chairman Mao and Premier Chou and budiding our country into a modern and
powerful socialist one by the end of this century,

The congress commended and designated 25 March 8th red-banner units and red-banner pace
setters, and commended 143 advanced collectives and 262 advanced individuals, At the
closing ceremony, Comrades Wang En-mao and Kao Yang awarded prizes to them, The congres
also issued a letter of proposal to a11 women in the province,

I. 4 apr 78 PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA Mil
NORTHWEST REGION

WANG FENG SPEAKS .T SINKIANG LEARN-FROM-TACHING, TACHAI MEETING
QW032130¥ Urumchi Sinkiang Regional Service in Mandarin 1300 GMT 31 Mar 78 OW

{Excerpts] The finance and trade fronts of tne Sinkiang Autononous Region on 30 March
held a conference on learning from Taching and Tachai. Comrade Wang Feng, first
secretary of the regional party committee and chairman of the regional Revolutionary
Committee, delivered an important speech at the conference,

The conference was presided over by Comrade Sung Chih-ho, secretary of the regional
party committee and vice chairman of the regional Revolutionary Committee. Present

also were the responsible comrades of the regional party committee, the regional Revolu-
tionary Committee and the Sinkiang PLA units, including Liu Chen, Szu-ma-i Ai-mai-ti,
Chang Chih-kung, Tieh-mu-erh Ta-wa-mai-ti, Li Yun-ho, (Yang Tse), (Han Chun-hao),

Hu Liang-tsai, (Hou Liang), Chang Ssu-ming, and (Tien Chung).

Comrade Wang Feng pointed out in his speech:

1. Sinkiang is developing rapidly and a new, gratifying atmosphere has appeared on
the finance and trade fronts. Beginning this year, marked improvements have been

made in the pople's livelihood and market supply in the urban and rural areas. This
has greatly pleased the people. But generally speaking, we still lag behind the
(?advanced areas). Therefore, we must push the national economy forward without delay,
make up the losses caused by the gang of four's interference in Sinkiang, and strive to
achieve greater development in the next 3 to 5 years to catch up with other parts of
the country.

The vast numbers of cadres and masses on the finance and trade fronts must fully under-
stand the current situation, press ahead and rapidly develop the national economy.

We must realize that some comrades have failed to cope with the new situation ideologically.
Instead of looking forward, they always looked backward, They are afraid of hardships,
hard work and trouble in performing their duties, Such an attitude will not do. In

fact, difficulties are inevitable in the course of revolution. Under Chairman Mao's
leadership, the Red Army completed the world-shaking 25,000-li Long March, surmounted
indescribable difficulties and finally reached northern Shensi. In developing the eccnomy
today, especially in achieving the four modernizations, we will definitely run into ail
sorts of problems. Without waging a painstaking struggle, we will never be able to ful-
fill the mission of the new Long March,

2. Finance and trade work is not only important but also helps achieve the four modern-
izations of agriculture, industry, national defense and science and technology. The
finance and trade departments must do a good job in supporting this work so as to better
serve the needs cf strengthening the dictatorship of the proletariat, increasing agri-
cultural and livestock production and improving the people's livelihood during the new
Long March. Two kinds of erroneous attitudes toward the finance and trade work exist:

First, there is the tendency to make illegal profits, Because commercial service is
apparently less attractive than other trades, there is a lack of personnel in this
industry. This is caused by the influence of the gang of four's counterrevolutionary
revisionist line and old traditional ideas,

Second, there is the tendency to seek special privileges. Regarding their authority
to be in charge of funds, supplies and distribution as a special privilege, some persons
have illegally exchanged merchandise, "going in by the back door" and [words indistinct ].

i

I, 4& Ary 78 M 2 PRC
NORTHWEST REGION

Such activities have been a bad influence among the masses of the people. These
erroneous tendencies are the result of the interference and sabotage by Liu Shao-chi

and Lin Piao and especially by the gang of four, Through the struggle to expose and
criticize the gang of four, we must clearly distinquish between the correct and incorrect
lines, and try to correct all erroneous work styles.

In order to do a better job in finance and trade work, it is necessary to conscientiously
implement the general policy of developing the economy and ensuring supplies. This
general policy for finance and economic work laid down by Chairman Mao profoundly reveals
the objective laws of socialist economy and scientifically elaborates the dialectical
relations between production and circulation.

Under the influence of the revisionist line advocated by the gang of four, our region's
industrial and agricultural production, particularly agricultural and livestock produc-
tion, was seriously damaged over the last several years, thus affecting the procurement

of grains, cotton, oil-bearing crops, beef, mutton and other agricultural and livestock
subsidiary products in our region. Therefore, we must make strenuous efforts to increase
industrial and agricultural production, particularly agricultural and livestock production.

The regional party committee has decided to push grain production forward this year. The
staff and workers on the finance and trade front must cherish the needs of the general
situation, perform their own duties well and render still greater support to production
to insure fulfillment of quotas for grains, oil-bearing crops, cotton, beets and
livestock in 1978.

Industry is the leading factor in the national economy. Therefore, finance and trade
departments must also actively support the development of industrial production.

With development of production as our base, greater efforts must be made to do a good
job in procurement of grains, oil-tccring crops and other agricultural and livestock
subsidiary products. Effective measures must be adopted to guarantee fulfillment of the
state procurement plan. Although regional production was undermined by the gang of

four over the past several years, comrades in various localities have still scored
marked achievements in both procurement and delivery.

All party committees should give timely commendations to units which have done outstanding
jobs in both procurement and delivery. With regard to localities and units which only
pursue their own interests, try to better their own lives without taking into account

the needs of the general situation, and do not actively fulfill the state plan for
procurement and delivery, all party committees should criticize them or take disciplinary
action against them if necessary. While carrying out procurement work on a timely basis,
we must also make better arrangements for exports and for the lives of people of all
nationalities.

In order to do a good job in finance and trade work, it is also necessary to strengthen
the organs in this field. At present, many prefectures, autonomous prefectures and cities
have no finance and trade offices of their own. Each prefecture, autonomous prefecture
and city must consider its own situation and determine whether a finance and trade office
should be revived or established. In accordance with current needs, cadres who formerly
worked on the finance and trade front can return to their originai posts.

I. 4& Apr 78 M 3 PRC
NORTHWEST REGION

Since commercial networks, service centers and commercial personnel are still looking
in various localities, the regional finance and trade office should cooperate with
the departments concerned to conduct investigations and study, adequately increase
the number of commercial networks and service centers, and map out personnel training
plans in order to provide better service to the masses and render greater support to
production.

The key to doing a good job in finance and trade work lies in stronger party leadership.
All party committees mist attach importance to both production ard circulation, they
must also grasp well the movement to learn from Taching and ‘echai on the finance and
trade front, just as they did in grasping well the mass movement to learn from Taching
in industry and from Tachai in agriculture, Meanwhile, all fields of work in finance
and trade must be firmly grasped.

3. Since the gang of four was smashed, Chairman Hua and the party Central Committee
have repeatedly instructed us to thoroughly review all of our work. This instruction
is directed toward party and government organizations, factories, mines and other
enterprises, people's communes and brigades, shops, schools and colleges, army units
and all trades and professions. Responding to the instructions of Chairman Hua and
the party Central Committee, comrades on the finance and trade front must do a good job
in consolidating all finance and trade departments.

Chairman Mao taught us: "Cadres are a decisive factor once the political line is deter-
mined." All leading groups play a key role in determining whether or not the movements
to learn from Taching and Tachai can be successfully carried out on the finance and
trade front, whether or not all fields of work can be rapidly pushed forward, whether
or not problems or workers versus management can be solved expeditiously, and whether
or not the party's line, principle and policies can be adequately implemented on the
finance and trade front. Therefore, efforts should be made to do a good job in
consolidating leading groups. In the struggle to expose and criticize the gang of four,
it is necessary for us to to be guided by Chairman Mao's fundamental principles of "three
do's and three don'ts" and adopt the method of party rectification so as to adequately
sOlve the issues regarding the ideology, line, unity, attitude and work style of
leading groups.

At the same time, it is necessary to grasp organizational planning by assigning cadres to
all leading groups in line with the five requirements for successors to the revolution
advanced by Chairman Mao, and the principle of the combination of the old, the middle-
aged and the young. Assignment of the three top leaders in all leading groups should
be emphasized so that these cadres are leaders who resolutely implement Chairman Mao's
revolutionary line, strictly adhere to the party spirit, work vigorously, exhibit
good work styles and are capable of solving work problems. in this respect, it is the
important responsibility of our veteran cadres to recognize these talents. They should
do a good job in selecting new cadres and in teaching, helping and guiding them It is
necessary to rectify the work style of leading groups; restore and carry forward the :
party's fine tradition and work style which the gang of four undermined; adhere to the |
principle of seeking truth from facts; be an honest person who speaks honest words and
|
|

performs honest deeds; follow the mass line, hold discussions with the masses and modestly
learn from them; carry forward the party's democratic w)rk style; uphold democratic
centralism; and adhere to the principle of combining coslective leadership and individual
responsibility.

I. 4& Apr 78 M 4 ' PRC
‘ NORTHWEST REGION

It is necessary to oppose the abuse of power in pursuit of private interests, strengthen
the concept of considering the general situation in planning, foster the concept of
coordinating all national activities as in a chess game, and oppose departmental egoism

and decentralization.

Another problem concerning cor.solidation of leading groups which I want to discuss is that
some leading comrades have been slow to learn from others. They are satisfied with the
status quo and don't concentrate on their work, They're always speaking incorrectly and
nonsensically and have not devised any good economic plans.

At this conference, it was revealed that some leading comrades in charge of finance and
trade work actually did not clearly understand the composition and functions of the
finance and trade departments. Some leading comrades didn't even know the correct titles
of the advanced collectives and the names of the advanced individuals in their own areas.
How could they provide good leadership in these instances? Comrades who assume leadership
positions must have professional proficiency in addition to taking the lead in studying
the works of Marx, Lenin and Chairman Mao, It's impossible to do otherwise because those
who are in the dark cannot light the way for others.

We must respond tc Chairman Hua's call "study, study and study again" and make cortim.ous
efforts to reach the goal of being both Red and expert. Only in this way can we build
all leading groups into ones which are proficient both politically and professionally.
Only in this way can we simultaneously grasp the three great revolutionary movements and
quickly push the work of the finance and trade departments forward.

4, It is necessary to deepen the movements to learn from Taching and Tachai on the
finance and trade front by organizing a campaign to compare with, learn from and catch

up with the advanced, help those who lag behind and overtake the advanced. In learning
from Taching and Tachai it is imperative to conscientiously solve the problem of

whether or not serious efforts have been made to learn from them, In the past, due

to the gang of four's interference and sabotage, the finance and trade front did not do
well in developing the movements to learn from Tachai and Taching. After this conference,
all our leading comrades should mentally prepare themselves for learning from Tachai and
Taching with sincerity and honesty and with a view to achieving good results,

Comrades, due to the leadership of the regional CCP Committee and all your efforts, our
current conference has scored tremendous achievements. I hope that all comrades will
contimie to work hard to make more achievements for the conference. Let us unite in

holding aioft Chairman Mao's great banner, closely follow our wise leader Chairman Hua i
and win still greater victories in the new Long March.

BRIEFS

SINKIANG SHEEP BREEDING--Urumchi, 25 Mar--A new breed of sheep, the Sinkiang, which
produces good wool has beer recently bred in Sinkiang. This new breed can survive desert
or semidesert areas and is remarkable for its endurance against drought and heat and for
its resistance to illness. Its hereditary characteristics are strong. The Sinkiang now
is bred in great numbers not only in Sinkiang but in 12 other provinces and autonomous
regions, The now breed comes as the result of 20 years of work by three researchers
frow the Sinkiang Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science with the coopera-
tion of local herdsmen, [Peking NCNA in English 0702 GMT 25 Mar 78 OW |

SUBSCRIPTION INFORMATION

DAILY REPORT volumes are published Monday through Friday
in both paper version (mailed daily) and microfiche \version
(mailed weekly). The annual subscription fee for the paper
version within the United States, Canada, and Mexico it $150
for any one volume and $50 for each additional volume. This
includes occasional supplements. In microfiche the fee is $100
for any one volume, $125 for two volumes, $150 for three,
$200 for four, $250 for five, $300 for six, $350 for seven,
and $400 for all eight volumes. Foreign subscriptions outside
North America are available from appointed foreign dealers
or from NTIS. For information contact NTIS. U.S. government
officials may obtain subscriptions at no charge directly from
FBIS. Phone 527-2368 (area code 703) or write P.O. Box
2604, Washington, D.C. 20013.

The volumes are: | - People’s Republic of China; Il - Eastern
Europe; Ill - Soviet Union; IV - Asia & Pacific; V - Middle East
& North Africa; VI - Latin America; Vil - Western Europe;
Vill - Sub-Saharan Africa. Back issues or single copies are not
available. Allow 30 Jays for processing new subscriptions.
Mail remittances, inquiries, and address changes to the NTIS
address helow.

Note: The publications of the Joint Publications Research

Service (JPRS), which are sometimes cited in the DAILY

REPORT, can also be ordered from NTIS in single copies or by
subscription. In ordering, please cite the JPRS title, number,
date and author if applicable.

Both the DAILY REPORT and JPRS publications are on file
for public reference at the Library of Congress and at public
and university libraries throughout the United States.

NTIS

National Technical Information Service
U. S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
Springfield, Virginia 22151

a