Worldwide Report: Law of the Sea No. 172

JPRS 79185
9 October 1981

Worldwide Report

LAW OF THE SEA

No. 172

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JPRS 79185

9 October 1981

WORLDWIDE REPORT
LAW OF THE SEA

No. 172

CONTENTS

WORLDWIDE AFFADRS

Briefs
Denmark Fines GIR Fishing Cutters 1

INTER-ASIAN AFFAIRS

New Zealand Firm Denies Flooding Australia With Fish
(PRESS, 31 Aug 81) eeeeeeeee ee ee eee e eee eee eee eee eee eee eee eens 2

ANTARCTICA

Need Seen To Control Antarctic Exploration
( THE PRESS, 28 Aug 81) eeeereeee vr eee eeeeeeeeeeeeee ee eee eee eee 3

New Zeaiand To Host Preparatory Meeting, by Geoff Mein
Potential for Catastrophe, by Oliver Riddell

AUSTRALIA

Oil Find Spurs Bass Strait Drilling: Some Wells Capped
( THE SYDNEY MORNING HERALD, 1h Aug 81) esenrreeeeeereeeeeeeeeeee 8

BANGLADESH

Briefs
Bangladesh-Iragi Fishing Pact 9

-a- {III - WW - 136]

INDIA

Briefs
Foreign Fishing Bill
MALAYSIA
Malaysia Against Renegotiating Deep Sea Mining Issues
(BUSINESS TIMES, 26 Aug 81) cccccccccccccccccccccccccess occce
NEW ZEALAND

Editorial Sees LOS Negotiations Heading for Trouble
(Editorial; PRESS, 18 Aug 81) eeeeeeeeeereeeeeaeeeeeeeeee eeoeee

Fishing Industry Board Issues Annual Report
(NEW ZEALAND HERALD, 2 Sep 81, EVENING POST, 2 Sep 81) ......

Export Volume Grows
Development Outlined

Offshore Oil Prospecting on East Coast To Be Licensed
(PRESS, 26 Aug 81) eee ceaeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeereeeeeeeee

PAKISTAN

Oceanographic Research Committee Reconsti tuted
(BUSINESS RECORDER, 1 Sep 81) cccccccccccccccccccccccccccees

LATIN AMERICA
JAMAICA
Briefs
Arrest of Hondurans
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
SIERRA LEONE

Fishing Agreement, Development Noted
(WEST AFRICA, 31 Aug 81) eeeeeeeeraeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeereeeeee

SOUTH AYRIGA

Protection of Fishing Resources
(RAND DAILY MAIL, 16 Sep 61 eeeeeaeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeerereeeeeeee

ebe

10

11

12

16

17

18

19

WEST EUROPE
INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS

Norway Accuses EEC of Overfishing Mackerel Quota
(Ulf Peter Hellstroem; AFTENPOSTEN, 26 Sep 81) ..sccccecscceese 21

GREECE

European Parliament Votes in Favor of Territorial Waters Issue
( ATHENS NEWS, 19 Sep 81) SCeeeeeeeeee eee eeeeeeeeaee ee ee eeeeeerere 22

TURKEY

Territorial Waters Issues Spark Turkish Wariness
( TERCUMAN, 1h Sep 81) eeeeeeeeeerereereeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee 2h

WORLDWIDE AFFAIRS

DENMARK FINES GDR FISHING CUTTERS--At the court at Nexe, two East German fisher-
men were last night fined 55,000 kroner for illegal fishing within the Danish
fishing limits. The East German cutters, so-called stern trawlers, were
yesterday morning seized in the Hane Bay north of Christianse by the Danish
fisheries inspection vessel “the Herring Gull." The East German fishermen
explained in court that they believed that they were fishing in Swedish
waters, for which they hold a license. They eubstantiated their claims by
means of official East German sailing directions which indicate the limits
according to a straight-line principle, whereas the Danish limits follow a
curved line. Torben Deleuran, shipbroker, Nexe, who safeguards the interests
of East German fishermen on Bornholm, states that the fishermen will probably
appeal the sentence. "The sentence is unjust. It ought to have taken into
account that the fishermen did not fish illegally deliberately,” Torben
Deleuran says. It is 10 years since fishermen from the East Bloc countries
were last seized on Bornholm. "The Herring Gull" seized the East German
cutters at the request of the fisheries inspection office at Nexe. "Right
now, the herring comes fairly close to Bornholm, and I iumve received several
complaints from fishermen of Bornholm regarding the rude foreign fishermen.
The foreigners always state that they believe that they are fishing in Swedish
waters. But they have been fishing off Sweden for many years and often soor
their vessels at Reonne. They, therefore, are well aware of the fact that
Borrholm is Danish," ©. Mortensen, fisheries assistant, Nexe, says. [Text]
(Copenhagen BERLINGSKE TIDENDE in Danish 23 Sep 81 p 7 7262

CSO: 5200/2001

INTER-ASIAN AfFAIRS

NEW ZEALAND FIRM DENIES FLOODING AUSTRALIA WITH FISH

Christchurch PRESS in English 31 Aug 81 p 13

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NEED SEEN TO CONTROL ANTARCTIC EXPLORATION

New Zealand To Host Preparatory Meeting

Christchurgh THE PRESS in English 28 Avg 81 p 13

[Article by Geoff Mein]

(Text]

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Although several representatives indicated that drawing up an accord on mineral,
would be delicate and time-consuming, Mr Thomson says there was some optimism

that agreement could be reached next year, hopefully at the planned special

session.

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NEED SEEN TO CONTROL ANTARCTIC EXPLORATION

New Zealand To Host Preparatory Meeting
Christchurgh THE PRESS in English .'6 Aug 31 p 13

lArticle by Geoff Mein]

(Text]

New Zealand « Whely to venur to be Wellington

aay - meetng of Deliberations ai the coo

Antarctic reaty selon sullative

next year to Graft a regeme tama on dee ie
+ —--— 4-4 made betund closed doors

plortatron of mmunerais in the focused on the

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recommendation to convene ob 6 Gina on aan

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diecuss the munerals ocur could be concluded the bet.

That meeting will probably ter according to Mr RB

be beld im Argentina Thomson. @ New Zealand

New Zealand bas offered delegate to the meeting

to host 4 pretumimary meet. er Themeca &

mq im March to prepare for unde of the DSIRS

aan Gomsemn eunemt Ge — -—-_agemaeeelaaieas

Although several representatives indicated that drawing up an accord on ainerals
would be delicate and time-consuming, Mr Thomson says there was some optinaicn

that agreement could be reached next year, hopefully at the planned special
session.

Ve the conctumon of last Mr Thomson «ens the sign.
Soins comultative meet img (st vear of 4 convention
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weived to refer the munerals Antarct® as the
question back to thew re tral tor te qumersis re
spective governments § tor @me ‘o follow
ther, 'o formulate proposals The marine coavention.
The preparatory meeting which allows for setting up
umn “New Zealand ql) act a weatood harvesting Quotas
an «wmportant international and thew wa
forum tor out ditter commasion representing
ences. and should give tome ugnatones lo overcome
indication of the ukelihood of severe! «6 problems §=—_- which
an early concleseon to the would be encountered in wt

wougn after regime ng UP & miners regime

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Oil contaminetion could

©.1 contamination could effect the vast krill ,esources of Antarctica which are
also affect the value of icebergs as « potential world source of fresh water.

being seen as # major world food resource of the future.

Contamination and environmental damage must inevitably follow pipelines, storage
tanks, airfields, port facilities, and a workforce that might reach 10,000 in the

Ross Sea area alone.

The Govermment has set out three asin principles for its Antarctic policy:

l. Amy agreement providing for the exploitation of the Antarctic's resources
must also ensure the widest possibie protection to the fragile environment there.

2. There must be some accommodation between conflicting positions over the
future of the Antarctic, as some countries claim sovereignty in the /atarctic,
while others do not recognise these clains.

3. Amy agreement must provide for nat ms other than existing Antarctic Treaty
countries to become parties to the agr’ ment.

Dr Shearer says that the Goverment bel’eves, too, that the benefits of any
mineral extraction should be shared more widely, perhaps through a fore of revenue |
sharing with developing countries.

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5200/7554

OIL FIND SPURS BASS STRAIT DRILLING: SOME WELLS CAPPED
Sydney THE SYDNEY MORNING HERALD in English 14 Aug 81 p 17

[Text]
cso

BANGLADESH-IRAQI FISHING PACT--Baghdad, August 16--Bangladesh Deputy Premier and
Minister of Fisheries and Livestock Seifuddin Ahmed Bari today concluded a 5-day
visit during which he signed an agreement for cooperation with Iraq in the field
of fisheries, reports IINA. In a statement before leaving, Mr. Bari said he had
discussed with Iraqi President Saddam Hussein and Iraqi officials means of con-
solidating bilateral cooperation. He hoped that the protocol for cooperation in
fishing in the Bangladesh waters would promote bilateral relations. Mr. Bari
earlier visited Kuwait. [Text} [Dacca THE BANGLADESH OBSERVER in English

17 Aug 81 p 12)

CSO: 5200/7064

BRIEFS

FOREIGN FISHING BILL--lew Delhi, September 7--The Lok Sabha today unanimously
adopted in quick successior two government bills, one to curb poaching by foreign
fishing vessels in Indian waters and the other to take over 9il India and Assam
Oil Company. Concern over the decline in fish exports, and extensive poaching

by foreign vessels, was voiced by members who suggested, among other things, the
creation of a separate ministry of fisheries. The minister for agriculture, Rao
Birender Singh, who piloted the first bill, acknowledged that export earnings
from fish exports had declined from Rs 240 crores to Rs 230 crores and said the
fall was partly due to the protectionist policies of some countries. He announced
a subsidy of 33.5 per cent for domestic manufacture of trawlers. At present India
has only 57 trawlers, compared to the thousands owned by even small maritime
countries. The salient features of the first bill are: no foreign vessel will

be used for fishing in any maritime zone of India, except with a licence or
permit; a foreigner will have to obtain a licence, and an Indian wishing to use

a foreign vessel has to obtain a permit. The coast guard will have full powers
to hold up or search such a vessel. The bill provides for heavy penalties for
the use of any foreign vessel without a licence cr a permit, and also for con-
fiscation of the vessel. [Text] [Bombay THE TIMES OF INDIA in English 8 Sep 81

p 6)

CSO: 5200/7065

10

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5200/8201

MALAYSIA AGAINST RENEGOTIATING DEEP SEA MINING ISSUES
Kuala Lumpur BUSINESS TIMES in English 28 Aug 81 p 20
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"Trouble on Sea Law")

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Export Volume Grows

Auckland NEW ZEALAND HERALD in English 2 Sep 81 p 3

FISHING INDUSTRY BOARD ISSUES ANNUAL REPORT

[Text }

Developmeut Outlined

Wellington EVENING POST in English 2 Sep 81 p 18

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OFFSHORE OZL PROSPECTING ON EAST COAST TO BE LICENSED

Christchurch PRESS in English 26 Aug 81 p 2

[Text]
CSO;

OCEANOGRAPHIC RESEARCH COMMITTEE RECONSTITUTED
Karachi BUSINESS RECORDER in English 14 Sep 81 p 3

[Text] The National Committee on oceanographic Research has been reconstituted
by the Federal Ministry of Education, it was officially announced in Karachi.

The Hydergrapher, Naval Headquarters, Islambad, is the comvenor of the ten-
member committee.

The functiors of the committee are to provide guidelines and suggest priorities
for mission oriented gulti-disciplinary research in physical biological, geological
and chemical oceanography of Pakistan's marine areas.

It will also propose national level arrangements for collecting oceanographic
information and data about Pakistan Maritime zones required from time to time

for optimum utilization of both renewable and nonrenewable marine resources.
The other functions of the committee are:

(A) To make recommendation with regard to training of necessary manpower in
Pakistan expertis:: in various disciplines of marine research.

(B) To advise the PNCV and other national agencies on coastal projects «s far
as practical,

(C) To coordinate and maintain liaison with the international organizations and
foreign oceanographic/marine research committees and organizations for mutual
benefit.

(D) The committee will actively collaborate with thé other national agencies
concerned with the pres rvation/marine environments/managements of marine
resources.

(E) To propose measures for increasing self-reliance in oceanographic research
and its utilization in the service of Pakistan.

(F) To organize seminars/ workshops and national, regional and international
meetings on aspects related to oceanographic research .--APP

CSO: 5200/4502

17

ARREST OF HONDURANS--A group of 44 Honduran fishermen and their vessel, the “MFV
Apollo” were arrested.on Thursday by the Jamaica Defence Force Coast Guard, and
charged with illegal entry and fishing in Jamaican territorial waters. The Hon-
durans were yesterday in custody of the Marine Police at Newport East where they
were taken in the morning by the Coast Guard and handed over for formal arrest
and charged. A source from the Coast Guard’said that the 44 Hondurans aboard
their United States-registered shrimper, were apprehended by the patrol boat,
H.M.J.S. “Manatee Bay” as they fished about 3/4 mile east of the Northeast
Morant Cay. The crew did not resist. The fishermen were taken to Kingston

and the Honduran Consulate informed of their arrest. They will face the court
next week, the source said. [Text] [Kingston THE DAILY CLEANER in English

5 Sep 81 p 16]

CSO: 5200/7501

18

FISHING AGREEMENT, DEVELOPMENT NOTED

London WEST AFRICA in English No 3344, 31 Aug 81 p 1976

[Excerpt from Matchet's “Diary” column]

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[Excerpt]

5200/5601

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Johannesburg RAND DAILY MAIL in English 16 Sep 81 p 6
$200/ 5603

PROTECTION OF FISHING RESOURCES URGED

(Text }
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INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS

>
_

NORWAY ACCUSES EEC OF OVERFISHING MACKEREL QUOTA
PM301139 Oslo AFTENPOSTEN in Norwegian 26 Sep 81 p 9
[Report by Ulf Peter Hellstroem: “EEC Breaks Mackerel Quota™]

[Text] Norway no longer feels itself bound by the mackerel quota agreement it
had with the EEC. This is made clear by a protest note delivered in Brussels
Thursday [24 September]. In it Norway protests against the gross overfishing
by EEC ships in the Norwegian section of the North Sea.

"It is clear that it is frustrating for the Norwegian fisheries authorities to

see the EFC continually breaking quota agreements it has concluded," Fisheries
Ministry Secretary of State Ivan Kristoffersen told AFTENPOSTEN. “In the present
agreement the EEC had a quota of 8,900 tons of mackerel. This quota has been
overfished by 140 percent. In the protest note Norway stresses that it is dis-
appointed that this has happened despite assurances that the agreement would be
kept. This could mean that the EEC will not have « mackerel quota at all in 1982,
or that this year's overfishing will be deducted from next year's quota.

"The fisheries agreement with the EEC is made to secure Norwegian fishing interests
in the EEC's zone and not least to get the EEC nations to agree to some reasonable
protection for the fish resources in the North Sea. This is why it is wost regret-
table that the EEC does not respect the treaties," Kristoffersen said.

According to reports to AFTENPOSTEN, the Fisheries Ministry does not want to
increase the quota for Norwegian fishermen because there is so little mackerel.

"This is an extremely regrettable situaticn. Over the years the EEC has shown

that it cannot keep its own house in order. What is called an EEC fisheries policy
is a free-for-all fight. The result is that the EEC is not a responsible partner
in an agreement. In the light of this it is completely correct for the Norwegian
authorities to terminate the mackerel agreement,” Norwegian Fisheries Federation
chairman Johan J. Toft told AFTENPOSTEN.

"Fisheries agreements with the EEC have been a case of making a virture of a
necessity in order to protect resources, but such considerations seem to play a
lesser role for the EEC. It is quite possible to ask if there is any point in
making any agreements with the EEC in the future. In my opinion the whole of this
complex question should be looked into again," said Toft, who thinks that it would
be dangerous to increase Norwegian fishermen's mackerel quotas.

CSO: 5200/2002

21

GREECE

ie A He it iH. ts ait
a a eee an
ae |
St j 7 al fait: 3 if i
hai eset ni

asi ayy) anny es
itt ath a it il Hh
TH id Hat eth te Hdtv in

The European Parliament yesterday unanimously voted to recognize pre-
ferential status for the territorial waters, economic zone and continental shelf

of the Greek islands, to define continental shelfs in terms of exploitation
possibilities as well, as in terms of the seabed, and to include the island's

continental shelf in the Community's customs territory.

EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT VOTES IN FAVOR OF TERRITORIAL WATERS ISSUE

Athens ATHENS NEWS in Eaglish 19 Sep 81 pp 1, 12

[Text]

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iM i if y ephbledetge PeSErteal

ut oH Masa ‘a to iaiad MATH tribsttsds PHlbalia:

TERRITORIAL WATERS ISSUES SPARK TURKISH WARINESS
Istanbul TERCUMAN in Turkish 14 Sep 81 p 8

[Text] It has been determined that Syria's extending its territorial waters from
12 to 35 miles by means of a new law has “greatly disturbed Turkey." According:

to information gathered by a Mediterranean News Ager.cy reporter, there still has
been no response to a directive sent Turkey's Damascus embassy regarding discussion
of this situation with Syrian officials and clarification of how this decision
came about.

Moreover, initial deteiminations made on a maritime map in Ankai. apparently
have shown that Syria's new 35-mile territorial limit includes all the interna-
tional waters and a segment of Turkish territorial waters wiich are still 12
miles. In order to completely clarify the situation, Turkish officials are
avaiting the dispatch from Damascus of a maritime map accurately depicting the
35-mile delimitation as well as a copy of the Syrian law.

On the other hand, Ankara diplomatic circles are of the view that certain inter-
national strategems may be the behind-the-scenes motivation for Syria's unprovoked
extension of its territorial waters to 35 miles. These circles point out that

the decision emerged out of tensions between Libya and the US and shortly after
the downing of Libyan aircraft by US fighters. They further state, "It is possible
that in the wake of this decision Libya may some time hence announce the extension
of its current 12-mile territorial waters, but this should not come as a surprise."

According to information gathered by a Mediterranean News Agency reporter, Turkey
has further increased its sensitivity with respest to the Aegean in the face of
Syria's decision. Although countries attending the Law of the Sea Conference
agreed to hold their territorial waters to 12 miles, Turkey has expressed its
opposition to this principle by stating, “This status is not applicable in cer-
tain seas." Turkey expressed its opposition bearing in mind the Aegean. As is
known, Greece has long maintained the intention of extending its Aegean terri-
torial waters to 12 miles, but it has refrained from doing so for political
reasons and in the face of Turkey's hard line.

Ankara diplomatic circles whose views we solicited stated that it is impossible
that Greece will make such a decision before the Law of the Sea Conference con-
cludes. They said, in summary, “Even if we say the Law of the Sea Conference
will conclude its work in March, Greece cannot just simply extend its Aegean
territorial waters to 12 miles. If it should make this decision, it will also
expand its airspace for 10 miles--which Turkey does not recognize--to 12 miles.
The upshot of this bivalve situation will be to drag Turkey and Greece into cir-
cumstances with unforeseeable results.

CSO: 5200/5504 END

2k

END OF
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